Hidayati's Article
Hidayati's Article
Hidayati's Article
2 Desember 2021
Hlm. 1-17 ISSN 2580-3522
Hidayati
ABSTRACT
This research aimed to find out the students’ problems in speaking at
second semester of English Department at Madako University. The data was
collected from 16 students at Second Semester of English Department at Madako
University by using purposive sampling technique. This research design used
qualitative design mixed with quantitative approach. The instrument used to
collect the data was questionnaire and documentation. From the result, the
researcher found some conclusion of students’ problems in speaking. The first
problem of the students in psychological, most students revealed that they have
problem with their self confidence. The students feel shyness while speaking
English. They also feel anxious when they would speak English. And next most of
students fear of mistakes when speaking. There were some students feel lack of
motivation. The second problem of the students in the language, there were three
problems that make most students inactive in speaking English. Most students had
problems in grammar; they did not understand the grammar rules. And then some
students have problems in pronunciation; they did not know the correct
pronunciation of words. And lack vocabulary became their third problem in
speaking; they lacked vocabulary, so they always translated from Indonesia to
English.
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ABSTRAK
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1. Introduction
Speaking is an interactive process of constructing meaning that
concerns producing, receiving and processing information. When someone
speaks, they interact and use language to express their ideas, feelings and
thoughts. As English Education Department mastering speaking is the crucial
thing due to communicate effectively. In order to do so, learners should know
the components of speaking therefore they can speak correctly and fluently.
According to Munir (2018:2) Speaking skill is one of the language skills that
are very essential to support further oral communication especially in English,
but it is the most difficult skill to develop. Speaking is considered difficult to
apply compared to other skills. As a matter of fact, there are many students
who had learn English from Junior High school until senior high school even
university still find it difficult to express their idea in oral form. They can
read or write better, but face some difficulties in speaking either caused by
language problems or non language problems.
In addition, most of the students who learned English for many years,
most of them have difficulties to use the language because of lack of
vocabulary. Moreover, it is not only the lack of vocabulary or grammar, but it
is also from students’ psychology. For Indonesian students, English as a
second language is difficult to learn. Especially English Students at Faculty of
Teacher Training and Education (FKIP) Madako University also have
difficulties in learning speaking. Based on the researcher experience, some
students were speaking in front of the class as well as in the learning process
and doing presentation. They were choosing silent or passive and they don’t
have the courage to speak up. As a matter of fact, there are many students
who have learned English for many years, but still have many difficulties in
speaking. Based on the explanation above the researcher carried out the study
entitles “An Anaylsis of Students’ Problems in Speaking at Second Semester
of English Department at Madako University”.
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In regard with the table above, for statement number 7, there were
6 students which showed that 37,5% students responded “Yes” and 10
students which showed that 62,5% students responded “No” from the total
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16 students. From this data, the researcher deduced that 6 students are not
afraid to start a conversation in English.
Based on the item number 8, there were 9 students which showed
that 56,25% students responded “Yes” and 7 students which showed that
43,75% students responded “No” from the total 16 students. From this
table, the researcher it can be deduced that 9 students do not feel shy when
speak English.
Furthermore, for declaration number 9, there were 4 students which
showed that 25% students responded “Yes” and 12 students which showed
that 75% students responded “No” from the total 16 students. From this
table, the researcher it can be deduced that 4 students are not afraid of
speaking English in public places. But, 12 students still afraid to speak
English in public places.
4) Fear of Mistakes
The test items including statements on fear of mistakes in
questionnaires are found in statement number 10, 11, and 12.
Table 1.4 Result of the analysis of fear of mistakes
NO Statement Frequenc Percentage
y
Yes No Yes No
10 I am afraid of making 13 3 81,25% 18,75%
mistakes while speaking
English
11 I am not always afraid of 8 8 50% 50%
forgetting my speech
12 I feel confuse when I miss 13 3 81,25% 18,75%
words while speaking English
Related to the table above, for statement number 10, there were 13
students which showed that 81,25% students responded “Yes” and 3
students which showed that 18,75% students responded “No” from the
total 16 students. From this result, the researcher deduced that almost all
students, their afraid of making mistakes while speaking English.
The result of number 10, there were 8 students which showed that
50% students responded “Yes” and 8 students which showed that 50%
students responded “No” from the total 16 students. From this result, the
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relaxed when speaking English. And 10 students are not feel sure and
relaxed when speaking English.
2. Language Problems
Language problem was one of the two aspect that was investigated.
This aspect consisted of three indicators such as pronunciation, grammar,
and vocabulary.
1. Pronunciation
The test items including statements on language problems in
questionnaires are found in statement number 1 and 2.
Table 2.1 Result of the analysis of pronunciation
NO Statement Frequenc Percentage
y
Yes No Yes No
1 I always forget to say a final 10 6 62,5% 37,5%
sound of each word
2 I find it difficult to say a few 15 1 93,75% 6,25%
words correctly
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2. Grammar
The test items including statements on language problems in
questionnaires are found in statement number 5 and 6.
Table 2.2 Result of the analysis of grammar
NO Statement Frequenc Percentage
y
Yes No Yes No
5 I find it difficult to speak 15 1 93,75% 6,25%
because my grammar of
understanding is limited
6 It is difficult for me to speak 14 2 87,5% 12,5%
in complete sentence
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Discussion
The discussion was concerned with the students’ problems in
speaking English. In accordance to the explanation above, it can be
concluded that students’ problems at the second semester of English
department which were triggered by psychological problems and language
problems.
1. Psychological Problems
1) Lack of confidence
Based on the finding of lack of confidence, it can be concluded most
of students still have lack of confidence when speaking English with their
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lecturers, their classmates, and other people, the students self confidence
affects their activeness in class.
The result of this research was in line with the theory from Juhana
(2012), she said lack of confidence usually appears when students realized
that their conversation partners have not understood them or when they do
not understand other speaker.
2) Lack of motivation
In regard with lack of motivation, based on the data the researcher
concluded that almost all students have good motivated in speaking.
Because the result showed that most of students try to improve their
English accent, always motivated when learning English, and also they
believe their will speak perfect English someday.
The result of this research was in line with the theory from Juhana
(2012) about the kinds of psychological problem in speaking. Juhana said
that motivation is an inner energy. From the motivation the students will
enhance their study interest.
3) Shyness
Based on the analysis, the researcher it can be concluded that several
students have problems in shyness. The students are still afraid of starting
a conversation in English. And, sometimes the students said that they feel
shy while speak English. On the other hand, the students have problem in
shyness just because of they have no courage to speak English.
The result of this research was in line with the theory from Juhana
(2012) about the kinds of psychological problem in speaking. Juhana said
that the students felt of shyness makes their mind go blank or that they will
forget what to say.
4) Fear of mistakes
Based on the finding of fear of mistakes, the researcher concluded
almost all students fare of mistakes to speak English. From the result of
questionnaire showed the students said that they still afraid to make
mistakes when speak English. They are also afraid forgetting some words
when speak English. And they are still confused when their miss words
while speaking English.
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The result of this research was in line with the theory from Juhana
(2012) about the kinds of psychological problem in speaking. Juhana said
that fear mistakes is influenced by students’ fear of being laughed at by
other students or being criticized by the lecturers.
5) Anxiety
In terms of anxiety, the researcher it can be conclude that most of
students feel anxious when they speak English. From the result of analysis
the students get nervous when someone speak English to them and also get
nervous when speaking during lecturers. And several students not sure and
relaxed when speaking English.
The result of this research was in line with the theory from Juhana
(2012) about the kinds of psychological problem in speaking. Juhana said
anxiety is attitudes that give you a feeling of worry or anxiety about what
to do or say.
The results of this research are different from the results of previous
research. Previous research conduct by Andi Annisaa Hanifah Nursyams
(2018) found the biggest students' psychological problem was lack of
confidence, while the results of this research found the biggest students
psychological problem was fear of mistakes.
2. Language Problems
1) Pronunciation
Based on the data analysis, the researcher found most students said
that pronunciation was one of the problems of their inactivity in speaking
English. They still found it difficult to pronounce the words correctly and
clearly. The difficulty of saying English words can be caused by the rarity
of them training their tongues to pronounce words. The result of this
research finding was in line with the theory from Jill (2008) about the
kinds of language problem in speaking. Jill said that an understanding of
the features of pronunciation helps learners understand when they listen to
the language.
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2) Grammar
Based on the finding of this item, the researcher it can be concluded
that almost all students also do not active speak English because of
grammar. The students said that they still have difficulty in speaking
because they still do not understand the use of grammar. Usually students
are also afraid of speaking English because of the grammar that always
makes students confuse. The result of this research finding was in line
with the theory from Jill (2008) about the kinds of language problem in
speaking. Jill said that mastering grammar will know how to arrange word
in sentences the correct tenses will be used, how we combine words and
how we change the form of words to change their meaning.
3) Vocabulary
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4. Conclusion
Based on research finding, the researcher concludes that the rsearch
question has been answered. From the finding of psychological problems,
students at the second semester encountered some problems that make them
do not actively in speaking English. Such as fear of mistake, lack of
confidence, shyness, and anxiety. Among that problem fear of mistakes
became the biggest psychological problem. And also the researcher found
some problems in the language such as pronunciation, grammar, and
vocabulary. Therefore, lack of understanding of grammar was the problem
that most hinders students in speaking English.
5. Suggestion
Based on the result of the research, the researcher would like to gives
1. For lecturer, the lecturers should be always guide the students’ speaking
the classroom so that students will feel comfortable when they speak
English.
speaking more often or make speaking a habit. When they have become
accustomed to using English in speaking then the students will also not
be afraid anymore in making mistakes. Because they can learn from the
3. For other researcher, this research is far from perfect, so for other
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can also continue this research, because researchers also realize that there
are still many problems of students in speaking that researchers have not
found.
References
Fitria, A. (2013). “An Analysis of Students Speaking Problems at English
Education Department” Surabaya: Institute of Islamic Studies Sunan
Ampel Surabaya.
Fitri, N. (2019). “An Analysis On Students Difficulties In Speaking English At
Islamic Senior High School Kotabaru Seberida”. Pekanbaru: Faculty of
Education and Teacher Training State Islamic University of Sultan Syarif
Kasim Riau Pekanbaru.
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