Crude Oil: Non-Renewable

CRUDE OIL
NON-RENEWABLE RESOURCE
TYPE OF ENERGY
RENEWABLE NON-
ENERGY RENEWABLE
Often referred to as clean ENERGY
energy, comes from
Non-renewable energy
natural sources or
comes from sources that
processes that are
will eventually run out,
constantly replenished.
such as oil and coal.
CRUDE OIL
 Crude oil is a naturally occurring,
unrefined petroleum product.
 Composed of hydrocarbon
deposits and other organic
materials.
 A type of fossil fuel, crude oil can
be refined to produce usable
products such as gasoline, diesel,
and various other forms of
petrochemicals.
 It is a nonrenewable resource,
which means that it can't be
replaced naturally at the rate we
consume it and is, therefore, a
limited resource.
IMPORTANCE OF
CRUDE OIL
• Globally, crude oil is one of the most important
fuel sources and, historically, has contributed to
over a third of the world’s energy consumption.
• Discovering, extracting, shipping, and refining
crude is a long process, and the infrastructure
needed to support the process must be in place.
• This involves thousands of miles of oil pipelines
across countries, storage facilities in major oil
trading hubs, and multiple refineries. In
aggregate, the global oil industry is a multi-
trillion-dollar industry.
• Oil is especially important to businesses that
heavily rely on fuel, such as airlines, plastic
producers, and agricultural businesses.
• Being such an important source of energy, crude
is a major import and export of numerous
countries.
• The importance of this commodity creates a vast
financial trading market for oil and oil derivatives
such as futures, forwards, and options.
CRUDE OIL FORMATION
• Crude oil is created through the
heating and compression of
organic materials over a long
period of time.
• Over time this organic material
combined with mud and was
then heated to high
temperatures from the pressure
created by heavy layers of
sediment.
• This process, known as
diagenesis, changes the
chemical composition first into
a waxy compound called
kerogen and then, with
increased heat, into a liquid
through a process called
catagenesis.
Crude Oil Extraction
• The first step of the process involves drilling into
the ground in the exact location where the oil is
located.
• Once a steady flow has been identified at a
particular depth beneath the ground a
perforating gun is lowered into the well.
• A perforating gun has explosive charges within
it that allow for oil to flow through holes in the
casing.
• Once the casing is properly perforated a tube is
run into the hole allowing the oil and gas to flow
up the well.
• To seal the tubing a device called a packer is
run along the outside of the tube.
• The last step involves the placement of a
structure called a Christmas tree which allows
oil workers to control the flow of oil from the
well.
FRACTIONAL DISTILATION OF CRUDE OIL
Oil depletion Reduce Oil Consumption
• Is the decline in oil production of a well, • Educate yourself about the oil and gas
oil field, or geographic area. industry.
• Any resource that is extracted faster • Avoid purchasing plastics.
than it is produced is subject to • Cut your power use at home.
depletion. • Limit how much you drive.
• Globally, we currently consume the • Save up and install clean energy
equivalent of over 11 billion tones of oil solutions at home.
from fossil fuels every year. • Choose petroleum-free beauty products.
• Crude oil reserves are vanishing at a • Go zero waste.
rate of more than 4 billion tones a year. • Quit bottled water for good.
CONSERVATION OF CRUDE OIL Moving Away from Oil:
Biofuels and Biobased
• Undertake regular energy audits.
• Plug all oil leakage. Products
• Filter oil in stages. Impurities in oil • Biofuels are a renewable energy
affect combustion. source.
• Pre-heat the oil. • Made from organic matter or
• For proper combustion, oil should be at wastes.
right viscosity at the burner tip. • That can play a valuable role in
• Provide adequate Pre-heat capacity. reducing carbon dioxide emissions.
• Incomplete combustion leads to • Biofuels are one of the largest
wastage of fuel. sources of renewable energy in use
• Observe the color of smoke emitted today.
from chimney. • In the transport sector, they are
• Black smoke indicates improper blended with existing fuels such as
combustion and fuel wastage. gasoline and diesel.
THANK YOU
NIMRA
ABDULLAH
RABIA
SUMAIN

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CRUDE OIL

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