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    Classification of Crime

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    Crimes are classified in various ways, including by subject matter, severity of punishment, and intent. They are generally categorized as felonies, misdemeanors, felony-misdemeanors, or infractions. Felonies are the most serious crimes and are punishable by prison time, fines, or alternative sentencing. Misdemeanors are less serious and punishable by jail time, fines, or alternative sentencing like probation. Felony-misdemeanors can be prosecuted as either a felony or misdemeanor depending on the circumstances. Infractions are the least serious crimes and involve minor offenses. In India, crimes are classified as either cognizable or non-cognizable, with cognizable crimes allowing

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    Classification of Crime

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    Crimes are classified in various ways, including by subject matter, severity of punishment, and intent. They are generally categorized as felonies, misdemeanors, felony-misdemeanors, or infractions. Felonies are the most serious crimes and are punishable by prison time, fines, or alternative sentencing. Misdemeanors are less serious and punishable by jail time, fines, or alternative sentencing like probation. Felony-misdemeanors can be prosecuted as either a felony or misdemeanor depending on the circumstances. Infractions are the least serious crimes and involve minor offenses. In India, crimes are classified as either cognizable or non-cognizable, with cognizable crimes allowing

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    Crimes are classified in various ways, including by subject matter, severity of punishment, and intent. They are generally categorized as felonies, misdemeanors, felony-misdemeanors, or infractions. Felonies are the most serious crimes and are punishable by prison time, fines, or alternative sentencing. Misdemeanors are less serious and punishable by jail time, fines, or alternative sentencing like probation. Felony-misdemeanors can be prosecuted as either a felony or misdemeanor depending on the circumstances. Infractions are the least serious crimes and involve minor offenses. In India, crimes are classified as either cognizable or non-cognizable, with cognizable crimes allowing

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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    16 views2 pages

    Classification of Crime

    Uploaded by

    D P
    Crimes are classified in various ways, including by subject matter, severity of punishment, and intent. They are generally categorized as felonies, misdemeanors, felony-misdemeanors, or infractions. Felonies are the most serious crimes and are punishable by prison time, fines, or alternative sentencing. Misdemeanors are less serious and punishable by jail time, fines, or alternative sentencing like probation. Felony-misdemeanors can be prosecuted as either a felony or misdemeanor depending on the circumstances. Infractions are the least serious crimes and involve minor offenses. In India, crimes are classified as either cognizable or non-cognizable, with cognizable crimes allowing

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    Crimes are classified based on subject matter severity of the crime etc.

    It can be classified as
    a “crime against the person.” or as a “crime against property.” These classifications are
    basically for convenience and are not imperative to the study of criminal law. More important
    and substantive is the classification of crimes according to the severity of punishment. Crimes
    are graded into four categories: felonies, misdemeanours, felony-misdemeanours, and
    infractions. criminal intent element affects a crime’s grading. Malum in se crimes, are evil in
    their nature , are graded higher than malum prohibitum crimes.
    Felonies are the most serious crimes. They are either supported by a heinous intent, or
    accompanied by an serious result, such as loss of life, grievous injury, or destruction of
    property. They are graded the highest, and all sentencing options are available. Depending on
    the jurisdiction and the crime, the sentence could be execution, prison time, a fine, or
    alternative sentencing such as probation, rehabilitation, and home confinement.
    Consequences include the inability to vote, own a weapon, or even participate in certain
    careers.

    Misdemeanours are less serious than felonies, because the intent requirement is of a lower
    level or because the result is less extreme. Misdemeanours are punishable by jail time, a fine,
    or alternative sentencing like probation, rehabilitation, or community service. Note that
    incarceration for a misdemeanour is in jail rather than prison. Jails are for defendants who
    have committed less serious offenses, so they are generally less restrictive than prisons.

    Felony-misdemeanours are crimes that the government can prosecute and punish as either a
    felony or a misdemeanour, depending on the particular circumstances accompanying the
    offense. The discretion whether to prosecute the crime as a felony or misdemeanour usually
    belongs to the judge, but in some instances the prosecutor can make the decision.
    Violations, are the least serious crimes and include minor offenses such as jaywalking and
    motor vehicle offenses that result in a simple traffic ticket. Infractions are generally
    punishable by a fine or alternative sentencing such as traffic school.

    In India The Criminal Procedure Code classifies crimes into two categories: (i) Cognizable -
    Sec.2(c) Cr.P.C. and (ii) Non-cognizable - Sec.2(l) Cr.P.C.
    A Cognizable offence is defined as the one which an officer in-charge of a police station may
    investigate without the order of a magistrate and effect arrest without warrant. The Police
    have a direct responsibility to take immediate action on the receipt of a complaint or of
    credible information in such crimes, visit the scene of the crime, investigate the facts,
    apprehend the offender and arraign him before a Court of law having jurisdiction over the
    matter. Cognizable crimes are broadly categorised as those falling either under the
    5 ‘Indian Penal Code (IPC)’ or under the ‘Special and Local Laws
    Non-Cognizable crimes are defined as those which cannot be investigated by police without
    the order of a competent magistrate
    Crimes against body, ii) Crimes against property, iii) Crimes against public order, iv)
    Economic crimes, v) Crimes against women and children are other broader classification of
    crimes in India.

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