The document discusses active and passive voice in sentences. In active voice, the subject performs the action of the verb, while in passive voice the subject receives the action. The document provides rules for converting sentences from active to passive voice in simple, continuous, and perfect tenses through changing the subject and verb. Examples are given to illustrate active and passive constructions across tenses.
The document discusses active and passive voice in sentences. In active voice, the subject performs the action of the verb, while in passive voice the subject receives the action. The document provides rules for converting sentences from active to passive voice in simple, continuous, and perfect tenses through changing the subject and verb. Examples are given to illustrate active and passive constructions across tenses.
The document discusses active and passive voice in sentences. In active voice, the subject performs the action of the verb, while in passive voice the subject receives the action. The document provides rules for converting sentences from active to passive voice in simple, continuous, and perfect tenses through changing the subject and verb. Examples are given to illustrate active and passive constructions across tenses.
The document discusses active and passive voice in sentences. In active voice, the subject performs the action of the verb, while in passive voice the subject receives the action. The document provides rules for converting sentences from active to passive voice in simple, continuous, and perfect tenses through changing the subject and verb. Examples are given to illustrate active and passive constructions across tenses.
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ENGLISH LANGUAGE NOTES – STANDARD VII
ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICE
The Voice of a verb tells whether the subject of a sentence performs or receives the action. Example: 1. Birds build nests. (subject performs the action) 2. Nests are built by birds. (subject receives the action)
ACTIVE VOICE In active voice, the subject performs the action expressed by the verb. The basic active voice construction of a sentence is: Subject + Verb + Object (S) + (V) + (O) Example: 1. The cashier counted the money. 2. The dog chased the squirrel.
PASSIVE VOICE In passive voice, the subject receives the action expressed by the verb. The basic passive voice construction of a sentence is: Object + auxillary verb+ Past Participle + by + Subject Example: 1. The money was counted by the cashier. 2. The squirrel was chased by the dog.
RULES FOR CONVERSION FROM ACTIVE TO PASSIVE VOICE
1. Identify the subject, the verb and the object in a sentence. 2. Change the object into the subject. 3. Put the ‘helping verb’ or the ‘auxiliary verb’. 4. Change the main verb into its past participle. 5. Add the preposition ‘by’. 6. Change the subject into object
RULES FOR CONVERSION FROM ACTIVE TO PASSIVE VOICE IN SIMPLE
TENSE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE VOICE RULE EXAMPLE Active voice Subject + present tense of He sings a song. the verb + object Passive voice Object + is /are / am + past A song is sung by him. participle of the verb + by + subject SIMPLE PAST TENSE VOICE RULE EXAMPLE Active voice Subject + past tense of the He ate an apple. verb + object Passive voice Object + was / were + past An apple was eaten by him. participle of the verb + by + subject SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE VOICE RULE EXAMPLE Active voice Subject + future tense of the The teacher will teach us. verb(will/shall) + object Passive voice Object + will be / shall be + We will be/shall be taught past participle of the verb + by the teacher. by + subject
RULES FOR CONVERSION FROM ACTIVE TO PASSIVE VOICE IN
CONTINUOUS TENSE PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE VOICE RULE EXAMPLE Active voice Subject + is /are /am + -ing The gardener is watering the verb+ object plants. Passive voice Object + is /are /am + being The plants are being watered + past participle of the verb+ by the gardener. by + subject
PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE
VOICE RULE EXAMPLE Active voice Subject + was / were + -ing The cat was chasing the rat. verb+ object Passive voice Object + was / were + being The rat was being chased by + past participle of the verb+ the cat. by + subject
RULES FOR CONVERSION FROM ACTIVE TO PASSIVE VOICE IN PERFECT
TENSE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE VOICE RULE EXAMPLE Active voice Subject + has / have + past Tina has written five poems. participle of the verb + object Passive voice Object + has/have +been + Five poems have been past participle of the verb + written by Tina. by + subject PAST PERFECT TENSE VOICE RULE EXAMPLE Active voice Subject + had + past Ram had collected coins. participle of the verb + object Passive voice Object + had + been + past Coins had been collected by participle of the verb + by + Ram. subject FUTURE PERFECT TENSE VOICE RULE EXAMPLE Active voice Subject + will have /shall Harry will have received the have + past participle of the letter. verb + object Passive voice Object + will have / shall The letter will have been have + been + past participle received by Harry. of the verb + by + subject
NOTE: 1. The tenses in the following sentences cannot be changed to passive voice. a. Present Perfect Continuous Tense b. Past Perfect Continuous Tense c. Future Perfect Continuous Tense d. Future Continuous Tense 2. Sentences having Intransitive verbs cannot be changed to passive voice. 3. Pronouns undergo a change in passive voice. EXERCISES
Rewrite the following sentences by changing from active to passive voice:
a. Rama loves Sita.
b. My sister writes beautiful poems. c. The carpenter is making a table. d. The children are flying kites. e. I have sent the parcel. f. A girl from Tamil Nadu has won the first prize. g. The watchman opened the gate. h. The cat drank the milk. i. The volunteers were helping the wounded people. j. The children were singing a song. k. They had challenged the verdict. l. She had won the first prize. m. Ms Sullivan teaches us grammar. n. The teacher praised him. o. The firemen took the injured to the hospital. p. The manager will give you a ticket. q. Everyone will blame us. r. They are painting the walls. s. The guests enjoyed the party. t. We have shipped your order
