Breast Cancer Detection: Course Task: WEEK 15

Course Task: WEEK 15
Breast Cancer Detection
1. Summarize the guidelines for the early detection of breast cancer by developing a teaching plan for
breast self-examination for patients.
2. A 48-year-old man is married with two young children and has been newly diagnosed with metastatic
spinal cord tumor. Identify appropriate nursing interventions to alleviate the patient’s and family’s
physiologic and emotional stressors.
3. Oxygen therapy is required for a 65-year-old patient with terminal lung metastatic cancer. Discuss
teaching and safety precautions indicated for the patient and his or her family. Describe the patient
teaching that will be required for the patients who will be discharged from the hospital with a
prescription for oxygen therapy.
1. In the Eastern Mediterranean, cancer is the greatest cause of death and disability. Cancer
control programs are becoming increasingly important in national health plans as Member States
become more conscious of their value. A well-managed national cancer control program can
reduce cancer incidence while also improving the lives of cancer patients. The WHO Regional
Office for the Eastern Mediterranean drafted the guidelines. The importance of regional experts'
engagement in the process was acknowledged as vital to its successful implementation. These
evidence-based guidelines are intended to assist Ministries of Health in developing policies for
breast cancer early detection and screening.
The modulation of hormones is crucial in the development of breast cancer. Longer reproductive
lives, multiparity, and advanced age all indicate greater estrogen exposure during menstrual
cycles. The use of oral contraceptives at a later age has also been associated to an increase in the
number of incidences of breast cancer diagnosed.
Irradiation for thymus expansion during childhood shows a linear dose-response risk for breast
cancer development later in life. Radiation exposure beyond the age of 40 is connected with a
little increase in risk, but radiation exposure during adolescence is linked to the highest risk.
Breast cancer is one of the most frequent malignancies in women, with women aged 50 and older
accounting for 75 percent of new cases and 84 percent of deaths. Age and gender, as well as
hormonal and nutritional intake and imbalances, are all risk factors for breast cancer.
When compared to not exercising at all, moderate physical activity is linked to a lower risk of
breast cancer. According to the American Journal of Sports Medicine, studies have demonstrated
a 30% reduction in the risk level linked with strenuous exercise compared to a few hours per
week of low-intensity exercise.
Acute mastitis, duct ectasia, post-traumatic lesions, and granulomatous mastitis are examples of
unusual breast lesions that might be acute or persistent. Benign fibrocystic lesions Fibrocystic
alterations are the most frequent breast condition, accounting for more than 40% of all surgical
procedures on the female breast. It is most commonly diagnosed between the ages of 20 and 40,
and only rarely occurs beyond menopause. Hormonal imbalance is usually a factor.
2.
INTERVENTION RATIONALE
Take note of family members, extended
family members, and others (friends and
neighbors).
Assists the
patient and
caregiver in
determining
who is
available to
help
with care or
provide respite
and
support.
Assists the patient and caregiver in
determining who is available to help with care
or provide respite and support.
Identify patterns of communication in family Provides information on communication
and patterns of interaction between family efficacy and highlights issues that may
members impede a family's capacity to support the
patient and adjust positively to the cancer
diagnosis and treatment
Assess role expectations of family members Each person may view the issue in their own
and encourage discussion about them. unique way, and identifying and
communicating these expectations helps
people understand each other.
Note cultural and religious beliefs
Affects
patient and
SO reaction
and
adjustment to
diagnosis,
treatment,
and outcome
of cancer.
Affects
patient and
SO reaction
and
adjustment to
diagnosis,
treatment,
and outcome
of cancer.
Affects
patient and
SO reaction
and
adjustment to
diagnosis,
treatment,
and outcome
of cancer.
Affects patient and SO reaction and
adjustment to diagnosis, treatment, and
outcome of cancer.
Listen for expressions of helplessness. Feelings of helplessness may make it difficult

to react to a cancer diagnosis and comply with
a treatment program
Deal with family members in a warm, caring, Empathy is elicited, and the individual's sense
respectful way. Provide information (verbal of worth and skill in dealing with the current
and written), and reinforce as necessary. circumstance is enhanced.
Acknowledge difficulties of the situation Communicates acceptance of the reality the
(diagnosis and treatment of cancer, possibility patient and family are facing
of death)
3. Human existence necessitates the presence of oxygen, a gas found in the air we breathe. Some
people with respiratory issues are unable to get enough oxygen from natural sources. They may
require oxygen therapy or more oxygen. People who receive oxygen therapy often report more
energy, better sleep, and a higher quality of life.
 Place extra fire alarms throughout the home to help prevent significant issues.
 Do not smoke or have open flames in the area where a person is using oxygen.
 When cooking, keep oxygen away from the stove, oven, and any oil.
 Tape the oxygen tank or tubing to the back of your shirt to prevent tripping over it.
 Only store oxygen in an area where air can easily circulate around it.
 Keep it out of a trunk or a tiny closet.
You must boost your oxygen consumption to counteract hypoxia. Oxygen treatment is a common
method of increasing oxygen levels. Oxygen therapy is sometimes known as supplemental or
prescription oxygen. It involves using a mechanical device to deliver oxygen to your lungs.
Supplemental oxygen can make breathing easier, improve blood oxygen levels, and reduce the
amount of work your heart and lungs have to do. Hypercapnia can also be decreased. Before
prescribing oxygen, your doctor will do tests to evaluate your blood oxygen levels.

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Course Task: WEEK 15

Breast Cancer Detection

Listen for expressions of helplessness. Feelings of helplessness may make it difficult

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