LQM Quranic Arabic Notes Level2 v12

‫الرِح ْيِم‬
َّ ‫الر ْح َم ِن‬ ِ ‫بِسِم‬

َّ ‫هللا‬ ْ
LQ Mississauga
Qur’anic Arabic Notes – Level 2 (v. 12)
Topics
1 ‫إ ِ َّن َوإَ َخ َوإتُ َها‬ 9 Verbal Noun ‫إل َمص َد ُر‬ 17 ‫إب إ ْل ِف ْع ِل إ ْل ُم َضا ِر ِع‬
ُ ‫إ ِ ْع َر‬
2 Interrogative “Or” – ‫إَ ْم‬ 10 Imperative Verb ‫فِع ُل إَمر‬ 18 The Interpreted Verbal Noun ‫إل ُمـ َؤ َّو ُل‬ ‫إل َمص َد ُر‬
3 “Having” or “Possessing” ‫ذُو‬ 11 Uses of ‫َما‬ 19 The weak letter Verb ‫إل ُم ْع َتل‬
4 “He/It is not” – َ ‫َل ْي‬
‫س‬ 12 Moods of Verb 20 Weak of Fa )‫ُم ْع َتل إلفَا ِء (إل ِم َثا ُل‬
5 Comparative & Superlative degrees ِ‫إَف َع ُل إل َّتف ِضيل‬ 13 Anatomy of ‫إل ِفع ُل إل ُم َضا ِر ُع‬ 21 Weak of Ayn )‫ُم ْع َتل إل َعينِ (إلأَ ْج َو ُف‬
6 Numbers 11 – 20 14 Three Moods of ‫ٱل ِفع ُل ٱل ُم َضا ِر ُع‬ 22 Weak of Lam )‫ص‬ ُ ِ‫ُم ْع َتل إل َّلا ِم (إلنَّاق‬
7 Past tense verb ِ ‫إل ِفع ُل إل َم‬
‫اضي‬ 15 ‫إ ْل ُم َضا ِر ِع‬ ِ‫إص ُب إ ْل ِف ْعل‬ ِ ‫َن َو‬ 23 ‫إل ُم َض َّع ُف‬
8 ُ ِ‫إل ُم َضار‬
Present & future tense verb ‫ع‬ ‫إل ِفع ُل‬ 16 ‫إ ْل ُم َضارِ ِع‬ ِ‫َج َوإزِ ُم إ ْل ِف ْعل‬ 24
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2
Revision History
Date Ver Author Revision Comments

Apr. 26, 2013 1 Zahid Naeem Created from Part 6 of the original notes.
May 16, 2013 2 Zahid Naeem Added pages for past tense verb.
Oct. 06, 2013 3 Zahid Naeem Added pages for the present and future tense verb
Nov. 03, 2013 4 Zahid Naeem Added pages for masdar and imperative verb
Feb. 15, 2014 5 Zahid Naeem Added pages for moods of verbs and weak letter verbs
Aug. 31, 2014 6 Zahid Naeem Corrected some mistakes on mithal verb (‫ )وقف‬conjugation
Sep. 4, 2015 7 Zahid Naeem Corrected a mistake in the page for ‫ذو‬
Mar. 25, 2018 8 Zahid Naeem Corrected a mistake for ajwaf verb (‫ )قال‬conjugation, added a page for “Who asked who” under past tense verb
Added new slides for analysis of present tense verb, particles which change the moods and references from the
Sep. 22, 2018 9 Zahid Naeem
Qur’an. Also changed the page size to 16 x 9 aspect ratio.
Sep. 23, 2018 10 Zahid Naeem Corrected some mistakes in the analysis of present tense verb and the slide on lam of justification.
Nov. 16, 2018 11 Zahid Naeem Updated and new Qur’anic references. New page for ‫مضعّف‬.
Dec. 03, 2019 12 Zahid Naeem Added cover page and updated copyright notice
Qur’anic Arabic Notes – Level 2 (v. 12) | info@lqmississauga.com | www.lqmississauga.com | © LQ Mississauga 3

Particle of Emphasis and Accusative Case )‫رف َتو ِكيد َو َنصب‬
ُ ‫إِ َّن ( َح‬
▪ ‫ إِ َّن‬has many meanings, e.g. indeed, verily, truly, surely, …

ِ ‫)إل ُجم َل ُة‬
▪ It is only used in a nominal sentence (‫إلأس ِم َّي ُة‬
▪ It is a particle of emphasis
▪ It makes the subject ( ‫ ) ُمب َتدَإ‬of the sentence accusative (‫نصوب‬
ُ ‫) َم‬
▪ The analysis of the nominal sentence changes as follows, when it
contains ‫إ ِ َّن‬
‫َمرفُوع‬ ‫نصوب‬
ُ ‫َم‬
‫اب َج ِديد‬ ِ ‫اب َج ِديد‬ ِ ‫إ ِ َّن‬

َ ‫إلك َت‬
ُ ‫إلك َت‬
The book Indeed, the
is new book is new
‫َخ َبر‬ ‫ُمب َت َدإ‬ ‫َخ َب ُر إِ َّن‬ ‫رف َتو ِكيد‬

ُ ‫َح‬
‫إِس ُم إِ َّن‬ ‫َو َنصب‬

‫ إِ َّن‬with Attached Pronouns (‫) َض َمائِر ُمتَّ ِص َلة‬
The pronoun (‫ض ِمير‬

َ ) is ‫إِ َّن‬
always ‫نصوب‬
ُ ‫ َم‬when it ‫إِنَّ ُه‬ ‫ُه‬ ‫ُه َو‬
is attached to ‫إ ِ َّن‬ ‫إِنَّ ُه َما‬ ‫ُه َما‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫إِنَّ ُه ْم‬ ‫ُه ْم‬ ‫ُه ْم‬
‫إِن ََّها‬ ‫َها‬ ‫ِه َي‬
Indeed, he is
a doctor
‫َط ِبيب‬ ‫إِنَّـــ ُه‬ ‫إِنَّ ُه َما‬ ‫ُه َما‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫رف َتو ِكيد‬
‫إِنَّ ُه َّن‬ ‫ُه َّن‬ ‫ُه َّن‬
‫َخ َب ُر إِ َّن‬ ‫إِس ُم إِ َّن‬ ُ ‫َح‬
‫َو َنصب‬ ‫إِن ََّك‬ َ‫ك‬ ‫إَن َْت‬
‫إِنَّ ُك َما‬ ‫ُك َما‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َما‬
Same analysis ‫إِنَّ ُك ْم‬ ‫ُك ْم‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت ْم‬
applies to all ‫إِن َِّك‬ ‫ِك‬ ‫إَن ِْت‬
‫إِنَّ ُك َما‬ ‫ُك َما‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َما‬
‫إِنَّ ُك َّن‬ ‫ك َُّن‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َّن‬
Please note the two different ‫إِنَّ ِن ْي – إِنِّ ْي‬ ‫ْي‬ ‫إَ َنا‬
variations for these two pronouns ‫إِنَّ َنا – إِنَّا‬ ‫َنا‬ ‫َن ْح ُن‬
ُ ‫) إَ َخ َو‬
Sisters of ‫إت إ ِ َّن( إ ِ َّن‬
Following words are called “Sisters of ‫ ”إ ِ َّن‬because grammatically they act

like ‫إ ِ َّن‬, i.e. they make the noun following them ‫نصوب‬
ُ ‫َم‬
I hope, I fear ‫َل َع َّل‬
Would that, I wish, if only ‫يت‬ َ ‫َل‬
As if, as though ‫َكاَ َّن‬
But, on the other hand, however ‫َلـ ِك َّن‬
That ‫َإ َّن‬
‫نصوب‬
ُ ‫َم‬
I hope the
examination is easy ‫َل َع َّل ِإلأم ِت َح َان َسهل‬
‫َخ َب ُر َل َع َّل‬ ‫رف إل َّت َر ِّجي‬
ُ ‫َح‬
‫إِس ُم َل َع َّل‬ ‫َاق‬ِ ‫َو ِإلأشف‬
Interrogative “Or” – ‫إَ ْم‬
▪ ‫ إَ ْم‬means “or” and is used in an interrogative sentence.

Is this a masjid or a house? ‫سجد َه َذإ إَ ْم َبيت؟‬ ِ ‫إَ َم‬
Are you from Germany or France? ‫إَ ِم ْن إَ ْل َمانِ َيا إَن َْت إَ ْم ِم ْن َف َر ْن َسا؟‬
▪ This construction requires that nothing comes between َ‫ إ‬and the first
choice and between ‫ إَ ْم‬and the second choice
… Choice 2 ‫َإ ْم‬ … Choice 1 َ‫إ‬

‫نت َط ِبيب إَ ْم ُم َد ِّرس‬
َ َ‫إَ إ‬
‫نت إَ ْم ُم َد ِّرس‬
َ َ‫إَ َط ِبيب إ‬
▪ In a non-interrogative sentence, ‫ إَ ْو‬is used for ‘or’
I heard the teacher or the principal ‫عت إل ُم َد ِّر َس إَ ْو إَل ُم ِدي َر‬
ُ ‫َس ِم‬

Qur’anic References for ...‫ إَ ْم‬...َ‫إ‬
‫الواقعة‬ ‫الزخرف‬
َ ُ َ‫َ َ ُ ر َ ر ُ ُ َ ُ َ ر َ ر ُ ر‬ َ ُ ‫ََ ُ َ َ َُ َ رٌ َر‬
٥٩ ‫أأنتم َتلقونه أم َنن اْلال ِقون‬ ٥٨ ... ۚ ‫وقالوا أآل ِهتنا خْي أم هو‬
Is it you who creates it, or are We the Creator? (56:59) And they said, "Are your gods better, or is he?" ... (43:58)
‫الواقعة‬ ‫الفرقان‬
َ ُ َّ ُ ‫َ َ ُ ر َ ر َ ُ َ ُ َ ر َ ر‬ َ ُ َّ ُ ‫ُ ر َ َ َٰ َ َ ر ٌ َ ر َ َّ ُ ر ُ ر َّ ُ َ ر‬
٦٤ ‫أأنتم تزرعونه أم َنن الزارِعون‬ ١٥ ... ۚ ‫ْل ال ِِت وعِد المتقون‬
ِ ‫قل أذل ِك خْي أم جنة اْل‬
Is it you who makes it grow, or are We the grower? (56:64) Say, "Is that better or the Garden of Eternity which is promised to the
‫الواقعة‬ righteous? … (25:15)
َ ُ ُ‫ََ ُ ر َ َ رُ ُ ُ َ رُ ر َ ر َ ر ُ ر‬ ‫ص‬
٦٩ ‫زنلون‬
ِ ‫أأنتم أنزْلموه مِن المز ِن أم َنن الم‬ ُ ‫ك أَن ت َ رس‬
ُ ‫ج َد ل َِما َخلَ رق‬
َّۖ ‫ت ب َي َدي‬ َ َََ َ ُ ‫َ َ َ ر‬
‫قال يا إِبلِيس ما منع‬
ِ
‫َرَ رَر َ َر ُ َ َ ر‬
Is it you who brought it down from the clouds, or is it We who bring it
down? (56:69)
‫الواقعة‬
َ َ
٧٥ ‫أستكَبت أم كنت مِن العال ِني‬
َ ُ ُ‫ََ ُ ر َ َ ر ُ ر َ َ َ َ َ َ ر َ ر ُ ر‬
٧٢ ‫نشئون‬
ِ ‫أأنتم أنشأتم شجرتها أم َنن الم‬
[Allah] said, "O Iblees, what prevented you from prostrating to that
which I created with My hands? Were you arrogant [then], or were you
[already] among the haughty?" (38:75)
Is it you who produced its tree, or are We the producer? (56:72)

َ ‫َل ْي‬
“is not” – ‫س‬
▪ ‫س‬َ ‫ َل ْي‬is verb meaning “is not”

▪ It requires a ‫ إِسم‬and a ‫ َخ َبر‬to complete the meaning. It is used in a sentence
as follows:
The book
‫اب َج ِديد‬ ِ
ُ ‫إلك َت‬ The book is ‫اب بِ َج ِديد‬ ِ ‫س‬
ُ ‫إلك َت‬ َ ‫َل ْي‬
is new not new
‫ُمب َت َدإ‬ ‫رف َج ٍّر‬ ُ ‫َح‬ ‫فِعل‬

‫َخ َبر‬ َ ‫َخ َب ُر َل‬
‫يس‬
‫َزإئِد‬ َ ‫إِس ُم َل‬
‫يس‬
▪ َ ‫ َخ َب ُر َل‬usually takes an extra ‫بِـ‬, as seen in the above example; ‫بِـ َج ِديد‬
‫يس‬
▪ َ ‫ َخ َب ُر َل‬can also be without a ‫بِـ‬. In this case, it will be ‫نصوب‬
‫يس‬ ُ ‫ َم‬.
The book is ‫اب َج ِديدإ‬ ِ ‫س‬

ُ ‫إلك َت‬ َ ‫َل ْي‬
not new
‫فِعل‬
َ ‫َخ َب ُر َل‬
‫يس‬
َ ‫إِس ُم َل‬
‫يس‬

‫َل َ‬
‫يس ‪Conjugation for‬‬
‫ف َِاعل‬ ‫‪Suffix‬‬
‫‪ُ , the‬ه َّن ‪Starting with‬‬ ‫س‬ ‫َل ْي َ‬ ‫َذ َه َب‬ ‫ُمس َت ِتر‬ ‫ُه َو‬
‫ُس ُكون ‪ gets a‬ل َك ِل َمة‬ ‫َل ْي َس ْا‬ ‫َذ َه َبا‬ ‫ْإ‬ ‫ْإ‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫َل ْي ُس ْوإ‬ ‫َذ َه ُب ْوإ‬ ‫ْو‬ ‫ْوإ‬ ‫ُه ْم‬
‫َل ْي َ‬
‫س ‪َ +‬ن‬ ‫َل ْي َس ْت‬ ‫َذ َه َب ْت‬ ‫ُمس َت ِتر‬ ‫ْت‬ ‫ِه َي‬
‫َل ْي ْس َن‬ ‫َل ْي َس َت ْا‬ ‫َذ َه َب َت ْا‬ ‫ْإ‬ ‫َت ْا‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫َل ْس َن‬ ‫َل ْس َن‬ ‫َذ َه ْب َن‬ ‫َن‬ ‫َن‬ ‫ُه َّن‬
‫َل ْس َت‬ ‫َذ َه ْب َت‬ ‫َت‬ ‫َت‬ ‫إَن َْت‬
‫َك ِل َمة ‪Since‬‬
‫‪ُ ,‬س ُكون ‪ already had‬ع‬ ‫َل ْس ُت َما‬ ‫َذ َه ْب ُت َما‬ ‫تُ َما‬ ‫تُ َما‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َما‬
‫إلسا ِ‬
‫ك َنينِ ‪this results in‬‬ ‫‪ (the‬إِل ِتق ُ‬
‫َاء َّ‬ ‫َل ْس ُت ْم‬ ‫َذ َه ْب ُت ْم‬ ‫تُ ْم‬ ‫تُ ْم‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت ْم‬
‫‪meeting of the two sukûn).‬‬ ‫َل ْس ِت‬ ‫َذ َه ْب ِت‬ ‫ِت‬ ‫ِت‬ ‫إَن ِْت‬
‫‪This is not permissible in‬‬
‫‪ is‬ي ‪Arabic, so the week letter‬‬ ‫َل ْس ُت َما‬ ‫َذ َه ْب ُت َما‬ ‫تُ َما‬ ‫تُ َما‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َما‬
‫‪dropped‬‬ ‫َل ْس ُت َّن‬ ‫َذ َه ْب ُت َّن‬ ‫تُ َّن‬ ‫تُ َّن‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َّن‬
‫‪This change applies to this‬‬ ‫َل ْس ُت‬ ‫َذ َه ْب ُت‬ ‫ُت‬ ‫ُت‬ ‫إَ َنا‬
‫‪group‬‬ ‫َل ْس َنا‬ ‫َذ َه ْب َنا‬ ‫َنا‬ ‫َنا‬ ‫َن ْح ُن‬
‫‪Qur’anic Arabic Notes – Level 2 (v. 12) | info@lqmississauga.com | www.lqmississauga.com | © LQ Mississauga‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬
َ ‫َل ْي‬
More on ‫س‬
This can also be written as
I am not a ‫َل ْس ُت بِ َط ِبيب‬ I am not a ‫َل ْس ُت بِ َط ِبيب‬ ‫إَ َنا‬

doctor doctor
َ ‫حرف جر َخ َب ُر َل‬
‫يس‬ ‫فِعل‬ ‫ُمب َت َدإ‬
ٍّ َ ُ َ ‫يس‬ ‫لجم َل ُة إل ِفعلِ َّي ُة َخ َبر‬
ُ َ‫إ‬
‫َزإئِد‬
This can also be written as
The book is
‫اب بِ َج ِديد‬ ِ ‫يس‬
ُ ‫إلك َت‬ َ ‫َل‬
The book is
‫يس بِ َج ِديد‬
َ ‫اب َل‬ ِ
ُ ‫إلك َت‬
not new not new
َ ‫رف جر َخ َب ُر َل‬
‫يس‬ ‫فِعل‬ ‫لجم َل ُة إل ِفعلِ َّي ُة َخ َبر‬
ٍّ َ ُ ‫َح‬ ُ َ‫إ‬ ‫ُمب َت َدإ‬
‫يس‬
‫َزإئِد‬

Qur’anic References for َ ‫َل‬
‫يس‬
‫آل عمران‬ ‫هود‬
َّ َ َ ُ ‫َ ر ُ َ َ ً ِّ ر َ ر ر َ ُ َّ ٌ َ َ ٌ َ ر‬ َ ُ ‫ُّ ر‬ َ ‫ر‬ ََ
ِ‫ات اللـه‬
ِ ‫اب أمة قائِمة يتلون آي‬ ِ ‫ليسوا سواء ۗ ِمن أه ِل الكِت‬ ٨١ ‫يب‬
ٍ ‫ أليس الصبح بِق ِر‬...
َ ُ ُ ‫َ َ َّ ر َ ُ ر َ ر‬
١١٣ ‫آناء اللي ِل وهم يسجدون‬
… Is not the morning near?" (11:81)
‫العنكبوت‬
They are not [all] the same; among the People of the Scripture is a
ً َ ‫َ َ ُ ُ َّ َ َ َ ُ َ ر َ ُ ر‬
community standing [in obedience], reciting the verses of Allah during
periods of the night and prostrating [in prayer]. (3:113)
٤٣ ... ۚ ‫ويقول اَّلِين كفروا لست مرسًل‬
‫األعراف‬ And those who have disbelieved say, "You are not a messenger.“ …
َ ‫َ َ ر ُ َ ِّ ُ ر َ ُ َ َ َٰ َ ر‬
(13:43)
١٧٢ ... ۛ ‫ ألست بِرب ِكم ۖ قالوا بل ۛ ش ِهدنا‬... ‫القيامة‬
ََٰ ‫َ َ َٰ َ ُ ر َ ر َ ر‬ َ َ َٰ َ َ ‫َ َ ر‬
٤٠ ‫ أليس ذل ِك بِقاد ٍِر َع أن ُي ِِي الموت‬...
… "Am I not your Lord?" They said, "Yes, we have testified." … (7:172)
… Is not that [Creator] Able to give life to the dead? (75:40)
‫الواقعة‬ ‫الغاشية‬
َ ِّ َ ِّ َ َ َ َّ ُ ‫َ َ َ َّ ِّ َ ر‬ ‫ر‬ َ ُ ‫ر‬ ََ َ ‫َر‬
٣٢ ... ۚ ِ‫ب لست كأح ٍد ِمن الن ِساء‬ ِ ِ ‫يا ن ِساء انل‬ ٢٢ ‫لست علي ِهم بِمصي ِط ٍر‬
O wives of the Prophet, you are not like anyone among women… You are not a watcher over them (88:22)
(33:32)

“Having” or “Possessing” ‫ذُو‬
▪ ‫ ذُو‬is always ‫ ُم َضاف‬, so the word following it is ‫ُم َضاف إِ َلي ِه‬ ‫ُم ْف َرد َج ْمع‬
▪ ‫ ذُو‬is ‫ َمرفُوع‬form, we will learn the ‫ َمج ُرور‬and ‫نصوب‬
ُ ‫ َم‬forms ‫ُم َذ َّكر ُذو َذ ُوو‬
later, ‫إِن شَ ا َء إللَّ ُه‬
▪ ‫( ذُو‬and its other variations) can play different ُ ‫إت َذ َو‬
‫إت‬ ُ ‫ُم َؤنَّث َذ‬
functions in a sentence. Here are some examples:
These are
doctors having ‫َه ُؤ َلأ ِء إَ َط َّبا ُء َذ ُوو َمال َك ِثير‬ Hamid has
a beard
‫لِ ْح َية‬ ‫َح ِامد ُذو‬
abundant
wealth
‫َنعت‬ ‫َنعت َو ُه َو‬ ‫َخ َبر‬ ‫ُمب َت َدإ‬ ‫ُم َضاف إِ َلي ِه‬ ‫َخ َبر َو ُه َو‬ ‫ُمب َت َدإ‬
‫ُم َضاف إِ َلي ِه‬
‫ُم َضاف‬ ‫ُم َضاف‬
‫إت ُخ ُلق‬ ُ ‫إُ ْول ِئ َك إل َّطالِ َب‬

ُ ‫ات َذ َو‬ ‫إت ِعلم‬
ُ ‫َعائِ َش ُة َطالِ َبة َذ‬
Those Aisha is a
students (f.) student having
possess knowledge
manners
‫ُمب َت َدإ‬ ‫ُم َضاف إِ َلي ِه‬ ‫َخ َبر‬ ‫ُمب َت َدإ‬
‫ُم َضاف إِ َلي ِه‬ ‫َخ َبر َو ُه َو‬ ‫َب َدل‬ ‫َنعت َو ُه َو‬
‫ُم َضاف‬ ‫ُم َضاف‬
Qur’anic References for ُ ‫ُذو َو َذ‬
‫إت‬
‫فصلت‬ ‫ابلقرة‬
َ َ ُ َ َ ‫َّ َ َّ َ َ ُ َ ر‬ ‫َ َّ ُ ُ ر َ ر ر‬
٤٣ ‫اب أ ِِل ٍم‬ َ
ٍ ‫إِن ربك لـذو مغفِر ٍة وذو عِق‬ ١٠٥ ‫ واللـه ذو الفض ِل الع ِظي ِم‬...
Indeed, your Lord is a possessor of forgiveness and a possessor of … and Allah is the possessor of great bounty (2:105)
painful penalty. (41:43)
‫الرمحن‬ ‫الكهف‬
َ ‫ر‬ َ‫َ َ ٌَ َ رُ َ ُ ر‬ َ ‫َ َ ُّ َ ر َ ُ ُ ُ َّ ر‬
ِ ‫فِيها فاكِهة وانلَّخل ذات األكم‬
١١ ‫ام‬ ٥٨ ... ِ‫وربك الغفور ذو الرمحة‬
Therein is fruit and palm trees having sheaths [of dates] (55:11) And thy Lord is the Forgiver, Owner of mercy (18:58)
‫الرمحن‬ ‫ص‬
َ ‫َ َ ر َ َ ر ُ َ ِّ َ ُ ر َ َ َ ر ر‬
٢٧ ‫اْلكر ِام‬ َٰ ‫ويب‬ َ ‫َ َّ َ ر َ ر َ ُ ر َ ر ُ ُ ٍ َ َ ٌ َ ر َ ر ُ ُ ر َ ر‬
ِ ‫ق وجه رب ِك ذو اْلًل ِل و‬ ١٢ ِ‫كذبت قبلهم قوم نوح وَعد وف ِرعون ذو األوتاد‬
And there will remain the Face of your Lord, Owner of Majesty and The people of Noah denied before them, and [the tribe of] 'Aad and
Honor. (55:27) Pharaoh, the owner of stakes (38:12)
‫المسد‬ ‫اَّلاريات‬
َ َ َ َ ً َ َ ‫َ َ ر‬ ُ َ ‫َّ َّ َ ُ َ َّ َّ ُ ُ ر ُ َّ ر‬
٣‫ب‬ َٰ ‫سيص‬
ٍ ‫ل نارا ذات له‬ ٥٨ ‫إِن اللـه هو الرزاق ذو القوة ِ المتِني‬
He will [enter to] burn in a Fire of [blazing] flame (111:3) Indeed, it is Allah who is the [continual] Provider, the firm
possessor of strength. (51:58)

ِ ‫إِ ْس ُم إل َّت ْف‬
Comparative & Superlative degrees ‫ضي ِل‬
Both comparative and superlative degrees in Arabic use the same word,
which is on the pattern of ‫( إَف َع ُل‬Diptote). It is the same for singular and
plural.
Adjective Comparative Superlative

Tall ‫َطوِيل‬ Taller ‫إَط َو ُل‬ Tallest ‫إَط َو ُل‬
Small ‫َص ِغير‬ Smaller ‫إَص َغ ُر‬ Smallest ‫إَص َغ ُر‬
Beautiful ‫َج ِميل‬ More ‫إَج َم ُل‬ Most ‫إَج َم ُل‬
beautiful beautiful
Good ‫َح َسن‬ Better َ َ‫إ‬
‫حس ُن‬ Best َ َ‫إ‬
‫حس ُن‬
If ِ ‫ْإس ُم إل َّت‬
ِ‫فضيل‬ is followed by ‫ ِمن‬, the ِ ‫إل َّت‬
If ‫فضي ِل‬ ‫ْإس ُم‬ is followed by a noun in
latter will be translated as “than”, genitive case (‫) َمج ُرور‬, than it is to be
e.g. ‫( َحا ِمد إَط َو ُل ِمن بِ َلال‬Hamid is taller translated as superlative degree, e.g.
than Bilal) ‫( َح ِامد إَط َو ُل َطالِب فِي إلفَص ِل‬Hamid is the
tallest student in the class)
Qur’anic References for ‫إِ ْس ُم إلتَّ ْف ِض ِيل‬
‫لقمان‬ ‫اغفر‬
‫َّ َ َ َ ر َ ر َ َ َ ر ُ َر‬ َّ‫كن‬ َٰ ََ َّ ‫َ رَر َ رَُ ر َ ر‬ َ َ َّ ُ ‫ََ ر‬
١٩ ‫ْي‬ ِ ‫اس ولـ‬ِ ‫ات واألر ِض أكَب مِن خل ِق انل‬
ِ ‫ْللق السماو‬
ِ ‫ات لصوت اْل ِم‬
ِ ‫ إِن أنكر األصو‬...
َ َُ‫َ َ ر‬ َّ َ َ‫َ ر‬
… indeed, the most disagreeable of sounds is the voice of donkeys."
(31:19)
٥٧ ‫اس َل يعلمون‬ ِ ‫أكث انل‬
The creation of the heavens and earth is greater than the creation of
‫األَع‬ mankind, but most of the people do not know. (40:57)
َ ‫َ ِّ ر َ َ ِّ َ ر َ ر‬ ‫ابلقرة‬
١ ‫سب ِحِ اسم رب ِك األَع‬
ٌ ‫اْل رمر َوال ر َمير ِِس ۖ قُ رل فِيه َما إثر ٌم َكب‬
ُ‫ْي َو َم َناف ِع‬ َ َ َُ ‫َر‬
َ ‫ك َعن ر‬
Exalt the name of your Lord, the Most High, (87:1) ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ‫يسألون‬
َ ‫َّ ر‬ ُ َ ‫رُُ َ َ ر‬ َّ ‫ل‬
٢١٩ ... ۗ ‫اس ِإَوثمهما أكَب مِن نفعِ ِهما‬ ِ ‫ِلن‬
‫الكهف‬
ً َ َ َُ ‫َ ُ َ َُ ُُ ََ َ ر‬ َ َ َ ٌ َ َ َُ َ ََ
They ask you about wine and gambling. Say, "In them is great sin and
‫حبِهِ وهو ُياوِره أنا أكث مِنك ماَل‬ َ

ِ ‫وَكن َل ثمر فقال ل ِصا‬
[yet, some] benefit for people. But their sin is greater than their
benefit." … (2:219)
ًَ َ ُّ َ َ َ ‫ابلقرة‬
٣٤ ‫وأعز نفرا‬
ُ َ ‫َ َ َٰ َ َ َ َ َّ َ َ ر‬ َّ َ َ ‫ر‬ َ ‫َ َ َ َ َّ ُ ر‬
And he had fruit, so he said to his companion while he was conversing
with him, "I am greater than you in wealth and mightier in [numbers
ِ ‫جدنهم أحرص انل‬
٩٦ ... ۚ ‫اس َع حيا ٍة ومِن اَّلِين أْشكوا‬ ِ ‫وْل‬
of] men.” (18:34) And you will surely find them the most greedy of people for life -
[even] more than those who associate others with Allah…(2:96)

‫‪Numbers 11 – 19‬‬
‫‪ُ (compound word),‬م َركَّب ‪َ is a‬عدَد ‪▪ The‬‬ ‫ُم َزكَّر َمع ُدود‬ ‫ُم َؤنَّث َمعدُود‬
‫‪made up of two parts‬‬
‫‪▪ Both parts of the compound word are‬‬ ‫إَ َح َد َع َش َر َطالِبا‬ ‫إِ ْحدَى َعشْ َر َة َطالِ َبة‬
‫‪َ (indeclinable).‬مب ِني‬ ‫إِث َنا َع َش َر َطالِبا‬ ‫إِ ْث َن َتا َعشْ َر َة َطالِ َبة‬
‫‪.‬إِث َن َتا ‪ and‬إِث َنا ‪o Exception to this rule are‬‬
‫ثَ َلاثَ َة َع َش َر َطالِبا‬ ‫اث َعشْ َر َة َطالِ َبة‬ ‫ثَ َل َ‬
‫‪In genetive and accusative cases,‬‬
‫‪.‬إِ ْث َن َت ْي ‪and‬إِ ْث َن ْي ‪they become‬‬ ‫إَ ْر َب َع َة َع َش َر َطالِبا‬ ‫إَ ْر َب َع َعشْ َر َة َطالِ َبة‬
‫َخ ْم َس َة َع َش َر َطالِبا‬ ‫س َعشْ َر َة َطالِ َبة‬ ‫َخ ْم َ‬
‫َمعدُود‬ ‫َعدَد‬ ‫ِستَّ َة َع َش َر َطالِبا‬ ‫ِس َّت َعشْ َر َة َطالِ َبة‬
‫َت ْم ِي ْيز‬ ‫‪Part 2‬‬ ‫‪Part 1‬‬ ‫َس ْب َع َة َع َش َر َطالِبا‬ ‫َس ْب َع َعشْ َر َة َطالِ َبة‬
‫ثَ َمانِ َي َة َع َش َر َطالِبا‬ ‫ثَ َمانِ ْي َعشْ َر َة َطالِ َبة‬
‫‪َ is always singular and‬معدُود ‪▪ The‬‬ ‫تِ ْس َع َة َع َش َر َطالِبا‬ ‫تِ ْس َع َعشْ َر َة َطالِ َبة‬
‫َت ْم ِي ْيز ‪mansub. This is called‬‬
‫‪Gender for Numbers 11 – 19‬‬
‫‪Numbers 11 - 12‬‬
‫َمعدُود‬ ‫َعدَد‬ ‫َمعدُود‬ ‫َعدَد‬ ‫ُم َزكَّر َمع ُدود‬ ‫ُم َؤنَّث َمعدُود‬
‫‪Part 2 Part 1‬‬ ‫‪Part 2 Part 1‬‬
‫إَ َح َد َع َش َر َطالِبا‬ ‫إِ ْحدَى َعشْ َر َة َطالِ َبة‬
‫‪▪ Both parts of the compound word agree‬‬
‫إِث َنا َع َش َر َطالِبا‬ ‫إِ ْث َن َتا َعشْ َر َة َطالِ َبة‬
‫َمعدُود ‪with the gender of the‬‬ ‫ثَ َلاثَ َة َع َش َر َطالِبا‬ ‫اث َعشْ َر َة َطالِ َبة‬ ‫ثَ َل َ‬
‫إَ ْر َب َع َة َع َش َر َطالِبا‬ ‫إَ ْر َب َع َعشْ َر َة َطالِ َبة‬
‫‪Numbers 13 - 19‬‬
‫َمعدُود‬ ‫َعدَد‬ ‫َمعدُود‬ ‫َعدَد‬ ‫َخ ْم َس َة َع َش َر َطالِبا‬ ‫س َعشْ َر َة َطالِ َبة‬ ‫َخ ْم َ‬
‫‪Part 2 Part 1‬‬ ‫‪Part 2 Part 1‬‬ ‫ِس َّت َة َع َش َر َطالِبا‬ ‫ِس َّت َعشْ َر َة َطالِ َبة‬
‫َس ْب َع َة َع َش َر َطالِبا‬ ‫َس ْب َع َعشْ َر َة َطالِ َبة‬
‫‪▪ Part 1 of the compound word is opposite‬‬ ‫ثَ َمانِ َي َة َع َش َر َطالِبا‬ ‫ثَ َمانِ ْي َعشْ َر َة َطالِ َبة‬
‫َمعدُود ‪in gender than that of the‬‬
‫تِ ْس َع َة َع َش َر َطالِبا‬ ‫تِ ْس َع َعشْ َر َة َطالِ َبة‬
‫َمعدُود ‪▪ Part 2 agrees with the gender of the‬‬
Twenty/Twenty - 20/20
‫َعدَد‬ ‫ُم َزكَّر َمع ُدود‬ ‫ُم َؤنَّث َمعدُود‬

▪ The ‫ َعدَد‬is on the same pattern as
‫ون َطالِبا‬
َ ‫ِعش ُر‬ ‫ون َطالِ َبة‬
َ ‫ِعش ُر‬
sound masculine plural (‫) َجمع ُم َزكَّر َسالِم‬,
َ ‫َصابِ ُر‬
e.g. ‫ون‬ َ ‫ُمس ِل ُم‬
‫ون‬
▪ It has the same form for both
masculine and feminine ‫ َمعدُود‬.
‫َعدَد َمعدُود‬ ‫َعدَد َمعدُود‬
‫َمعدُود‬
▪ The ‫ َمعدُود‬is always singular and
mansub, i.e. it is ‫ َت ْم ِي ْيز‬. This is true for
‫ َمعدُود‬from numbers 11 to 99.

The Verbal Sentence – ‫إل ُجمل ُة إل ِفع ِل َّي ُة‬
▪ Starts with a verb ▪ Starts with a noun

▪ Contain ‫ ف َِاعل فِعل‬and ‫َمف ُعول بِ ِه‬ ▪ Contains ‫ ُمب َتدَإ‬and ‫َخ َبر‬
‫إل ُجم َل ُة إل ِفع ِل َّية‬ ‫إل ُجم َل ُة ِإلأس ِم َّية‬

Hamid heard
‫َس ِم َع َح ِامد إَلأَ َذ َإن‬ Hamid is a
‫ب‬ ِ‫َح ِامد َطال‬
the call to student
prayer
‫َمف ُعول بِ ِه‬ ‫ف َِاعل‬ ٍ‫فِعل َما‬ ‫َخ َبر‬ ‫ُمب َتدَإ‬
‫( َمف ُعول بِ ِه‬Object): Target ‫(ف َِاعل‬Subject): Doer of

of the action. the action.
It is always ‫نصوب‬
ُ ‫َم‬ It is always ‫َمرفُوع‬

ِ ‫إل َم‬
Conjugation of the Past Tense Verb -‫اضي‬ ‫إل ِفع ُل‬
ِ ‫)إلف‬, is always present in the sentence,
In Arabic verbs, the doer of the action ( ‫َاع ُل‬ ِ ‫إل ِفع ُل إلف‬
‫َاع ُل‬
ِ َّ‫ُمت‬
either as an attached pronoun (‫صل‬ ‫ ) َض ِمير‬or in a hidden form (‫) ُمس َتـتِر‬.
‫َذ َه َب‬ He went ‫ ُم ْس َتـتِر‬: [ْ‫]هو‬
Hidden ‫ـب‬َ ‫َذ َه‬ ‫ُه َو‬
‫َذ َه َب ْا‬ They (2) went Alif of dual ‫ف إل ُم َثـ َّنى‬ ُ ِ‫ إَل‬: ‫ا‬ ‫َذ َهـــ َبــــــــــــا‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫َذ َه ُب ْوإ‬ They (pl) went Alif of protection ‫ف إل ِو َقا َي ِة‬ُ ِ‫ إَل‬Wâw of plural ‫إلج َما َع ِة‬ َ ‫ َوإ ُو‬: ‫و‬ ‫َذ َهـــ ُبــــــــــــوْا‬ ‫ُه ْم‬
‫َذ َه َب ْت‬ She went Tâ of feminizing ‫يث‬ِ ِ‫َتا ُء إل َّتاْن‬ Hidden ‫ ُم ْس َتـتِر‬: [ْ‫]هي‬ ْ ‫َذ َهـــ َب‬
‫ــت‬ ‫ِه َي‬
‫َذ َه َبـ َت ْا‬ They (2 f) went
ِ ‫ف‬
It is not the ‫َاعل‬ Alif of dual ‫ف إل ُم َثـنَّى‬ ُ ِ‫ إَل‬: ‫ا‬ ‫َذ َهـــ َبــــ َتــــــا‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫َذ َه ْب َن‬ They (pl f) went Nûn of feminine plural ‫ نُو ُن إلنِّ ْس َو ِة‬: ‫ن‬ ْ‫َذ َهـــ ْبــــــــــن‬ ‫ُه َّن‬
‫َذ َه ْب َت‬ You went ْ‫َذ َهـــ ْبــــــــــت‬ ‫نت‬ َ َ‫إ‬
ِ ‫( ف‬the doer of
Out of the fourteen forms, in 12 forms the ‫َاعل‬
‫َذ َه ْب ُت َما‬ ‫َذ َهـــ ْبــــــــــتْما‬ ‫إَن ُت َما‬
‫) َض ِمير‬. Only in two
You (2) went
ِ َّ‫ُمت‬
action) is an attached pronoun (‫صل‬
‫َذ َه ْب ُتم‬ ْ‫َذ َهـــ ْبــــــــــتْم‬ ‫إَن ُت ْم‬
‫ُه َو‬ ‫ِه َي‬ ‫ ف َِاعل‬can be hidden or it can
You (pl) went
‫َذ َه ْب ِت‬ ِ َ‫إ‬

forms, i.e., and the
You (f) went come after the verb in the sentence. ْ‫َذ َهـــ ْبــــــــــت‬ ‫نت‬
‫َذ َه ْب ُت َما‬ You (2 f) went ‫َذ َهـــ ْبــــــــــتْما‬ ‫إَن ُت َما‬
‫َذ َه ْب ُت َّن‬ You (pl f) went ‫ إَلِ ُف إل ِوقَا َي ِة‬in ‫ َذ َه ُبـــــ ْوإ‬. It ‘protects’ verbs like ‫إَ َخ ُذ ْوإ‬
Alif of protection
ْ‫َذ َهـــ ْبـــــــــــتْن‬ ‫إَن ُت َّن‬
‫َذ َه ْب ُت‬ I went (they took) where the ‫ و‬is not joined to the body of the verb and ْ‫َذ َهـــ ْبــــــــــت‬ ‫إَ َنا‬
‫َذ َه ْب َنا‬ We went therefore may be mistaken for the conjunction ‫ َو‬meaning ‘and’. ‫َذ َهـــ ْبــــــــــــنْا‬ ‫حن‬
ُ ‫َن‬
The Subject – ‫إلفَا ِع ُل‬
In a verbal sentence, ِ ‫( إلف‬subject) can come in one of the following three ways:
‫َاع ُل‬ ِ ‫إل ِفع ُل إلف‬
‫َاع ُل‬
١
ِ ‫ إلف‬is hidden
‫( َض ِمير ُمس َتـتِر‬Hidden pronoun) – In these two forms ‫َاع ُل‬ ‫ُه َو‬
‫ـب‬َ ‫َذ َه‬
She went ‫َذ َه َب ْت‬ He went ‫َذ َه َب‬ ‫َذ َهـــ َبــــــــــــا‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫َذ َهـــ ُبــــــــــــوْا‬ ‫ُه ْم‬
٢ ْ ‫َذ َهـــ َب‬
‫ــت‬ ‫ِه َي‬
‫( َض ِمير ُم َّت ِصل َمرفُوع‬Attached pronoun – nominative case): In these twelve
forms ‫َاع ُل‬ِ ‫ إلف‬is an attached pronoun, as shown with the highlight, e.g. ‫َذ َهـــ َبــــ َتــــــا‬ ‫ُه َما‬
They went ‫َذ َه ُبــ ْوإ‬ ْ‫َذ َهـــ ْبــــــــــن‬ ‫ُه َّن‬
ْ‫َذ َهـــ ْبــــــــــت‬ ‫نت‬ َ َ‫إ‬
٣ ‫َذ َهـــ ْبــــــــــتْما‬ ‫إَن ُت َما‬
ِ ‫ إلف‬can come as a separate noun. This noun will always
Separate noun –‫َاع ُل‬
be ‫ َمرفُوع‬. e.g. ْ‫َذ َهـــ ْبــــــــــتْم‬ ‫إَن ُت ْم‬
Zainab went ‫َذ َه َب ْت َزي َن ُب‬ Hâmid went ‫َذ َه َب َح ِامد‬ ْ‫َذ َهـــ ْبــــــــــت‬ ‫نت‬ ِ َ‫إ‬
In this case, the hidden pronoun, he (or she) is to be omitted. The above
‫َذ َهـــ ْبــــــــــتْما‬ ‫إَن ُت َما‬
cannot be translated as Hâmid he went or Zainab she went ْ‫َذ َهـــ ْبـــــــــــتْن‬ ‫إَن ُت َّن‬
ِ ‫ إلف‬to come as a separate noun, the form of verb will always
Also for ‫َاع ُل‬ ْ‫َذ َهـــ ْبــــــــــت‬ ‫إَ َنا‬
be for ‫ ُه َو‬or ‫ ِه َي‬only. We will learn more about it later, ‫إِ ْن شَ ا َء إل َّل ُه‬. ‫َذ َهـــ ْبــــــــــــنْا‬ ‫حن‬
ُ ‫َن‬
The Object – ‫إل َمف ُعولُ بِ ِه‬
In a verbal sentence, ‫( إل َم ْف ُعولُ بِ ِه‬object) can come in one of the following two ways:
١
Separate noun – ‫بِ ِه‬ ُ‫ إل َم ْف ُعول‬can come as a separate noun. This noun will always be ‫ َم ْن ُصوب‬. e.g.
Hâmid asked Bilal ‫َساَلَ َح ِامد بِ َلالأ‬

‫َمف ُعول بِ ِه‬ ‫ف َِاعل‬ ٍ‫فِعل َما‬
٢
ُ ‫( َض ِمير ُم َّت ِصل ( َم‬Attached pronoun – Accusative case): A )‫نصوب‬
)‫نصوب‬ ُ ‫ َض ِمير ُم َّت ِصل ( َم‬attached to a
verb, will always be ‫ َم ْف ُعول بِ ِه‬for that verb.
Hâmid asked him ‫َح ِامد‬ ‫َساَ َلـ ُه‬

‫ف َِاعل‬ ‫َمف ُعول بِ ِه‬ ٍ‫فِعل َما‬

ِ َّ‫َض ِمير ُمت‬
Two types of ‫صل‬
▪ Either ‫ َم ْج ُرور‬or ‫َم ْن ُصوب‬ ‫ُه‬ ][ ▪ Always ‫َمرفُوع‬

▪ Can be attached to a noun, verb or
particle. Following table shows, the
‫ُه َما‬ ‫إ‬ ▪ Can only be attached to a past
tense verb
function and the case of these ‫ُه ْم‬ ‫ْو‬ ِ ‫ إلف‬for the verb
▪ These function as ‫َاع ُل‬
‫َها‬ ][
pronouns, when they are attached
▪ When these pronouns are
َ ‫ َل‬,
attached to some verbs, e.g., ‫يس‬
to different parts of speech.
Attached to Function Case ‫ُه َما‬ ‫إ‬ they are referred to as ‫إِ ْسم‬of that
Noun ‫ُم َضاف إِ َلي ِه‬ ‫َم ْج ُرور‬ ‫ُه َّن‬ ‫ن‬ verb.
Verb ‫َم ْف ُعول بِ ِه‬ ‫َم ْن ُصوب‬ َ‫ك‬ ‫َت‬

Preposition ‫إِ ْسم َم ْج ُرور‬ ‫َم ْج ُرور‬ ‫ُك َما‬ ‫تُـ َما‬
Particle, e.g. ... ‫إِ ْس ُم‬ ‫َم ْن ُصوب‬
‫كُم‬ ‫تُـ ْم‬
‫ إِ َّن‬and its ‫ِك‬ ‫ِت‬
sisters
‫ُك َما‬ ‫تُ َما‬
‫ك َُّن‬ ‫ــن‬
َّ ُ‫ت‬
‫ي‬ ‫ُت‬
‫َنا‬ ‫َنا‬ [ ] = ‫ُمس َتتِر‬ ‫َض ِمير‬
‫?‪Who asked who‬‬
‫‪He asked him‬‬ ‫‪He asked Hamid‬‬ ‫‪Hamid asked him‬‬

‫َساَ َل ُه‬ ‫َساَلَ َح ِامدإ‬ ‫َح ِامد‬ ‫َساَ َل ُه‬
‫َمف ُعول بِ ِه‬ ‫فِعل َماٍ‬ ‫َمف ُعول بِ ِه‬ ‫فِعل َماٍ‬ ‫ف َِاعل‬ ‫َمف ُعول بِ ِه‬ ‫فِعل َماٍ‬
‫ف َِاعل ُمس َتتِر‬ ‫ف َِاعل ُمس َتتِر‬
‫َتق ِدي ُر ُه ُه َو‬ ‫َتق ِدي ُر ُه ُه َو‬
‫‪You asked them‬‬ ‫‪You asked Hamid‬‬ ‫‪Hamid asked you‬‬
‫َساَ ْل َت ُهم‬ ‫َساَ ْل َت َح ِامدإ‬ ‫َح ِامد‬ ‫َساَ َل َك‬

‫فَا ِعل َتق ِدي ُر ُه‬ ‫فَا ِعل َتق ِدي ُر ُه‬
‫نت‬ ‫إَ َ‬ ‫نت‬ ‫إَ َ‬
‫‪I asked you‬‬ ‫‪I asked Hamid‬‬ ‫‪Hamid asked me‬‬

‫َساَ ْل ُت َك‬ ‫َساَ ْل ُت َحا ِمدإ‬ ‫َحا ِمد‬ ‫َساَ َل ِني‬
‫فَا ِعل َتق ِدي ُر ُه إَ َنا‬ ‫فَا ِعل َتق ِدي ُر ُه إَ َنا‬
Transitive vs. Intransitive Verb
Transitive Verb (‫إل ُم َت َعدِّي‬ ‫)إل ِفع ُل‬ Intransitive Verb (‫إل َّلا ِز ُم‬ ‫)إل ِفع ُل‬
A transitive verb requires one or more ‫بِ ِه‬ ‫ َم ْف ُعول‬to An intransitive verb does not require a ‫بِ ِه‬ ‫ َم ْف ُعول‬to
complete the meaning of the verbal sentence. E.g. complete the meaning of the verbal sentence. E.g.
Hâmid asked Bilal ‫َساَلَ َح ِامد بِ َلالأ‬ Hâmid went ‫َذ َه َب َح ِامد‬
One easy way to tell if a verb is transitive or intransitive is to ask if one or both of the following
questions is meaningful for that verb.
1. What was the action performed on?

2. Who was the action performed on?
If either of the above two questions is a valid question for the verb, then it is a transitive verb,
otherwise it is an intransitive verb.
Here are more examples:
Hâmid drank water ‫َح ِامد إل َما َء‬ ‫شَ ر َِب‬ Hâmid left ‫َخ َر َج َح ِامد‬
Hâmid heard the call to ‫َح ِامد إلأَ َذإ َن‬ ‫َس ِم َع‬ Hâmid sat ‫س َح ِامد‬
َ ‫َج َل‬
prayer
Transitive Verb (‫إل ُم َت َعدِّي‬ ‫)إل ِفع ُل‬ Intransitive Verb (‫إل َّلا ِز ُم‬ ‫)إل ِفع ُل‬
Present & Future Tense Verb – ‫إل ِفع ُل إل ُم َضارِ ُع‬
Present & Future Tense Verb Past Tense Verb

‫إل ِفع ُل إل ُم َضا ِر ُع‬ ِ ‫إل ِفع ُل إل َم‬
‫اض ُي‬
A letter, called ‫إل ُم َضا َر َع ِة‬ ‫رف‬
ُ ‫َح‬ (particle
of mudâri’) is prefixed to the verb. It
can be one of the four letters, ‫ت إ ن‬ ‫ي‬
▪ He is writing
▪ He writes
▪ He will write
‫َيـ ْكـ ُت ُب‬ ‫كَـ َت َب‬ ▪ He wrote
‫ فِعل ُم َضارِع‬conveys an incomplete ٍ‫ فِعل َما‬conveys a completed action.

action. The action can be on-going in It is also referred to as perfect tense.
the present or it can be a future action.
It is also referred to as imperfect tense.

ِ ‫ إل ِفع ُل إل َم‬vs. ‫إل ِفع ُل إل ُم َضارِ ُع‬
Examples of ‫اض ُي‬
Present & Future Tense Verb Past Tense Verb

‫اض ُي‬
‫َي ْق ُت ُل‬ ‫َق َت َل‬

▪ He is killing
▪ He kills ▪ He killed
▪ He will kill
▪ He is sitting
▪ He sits ‫س‬ ِ
ُ ‫َي ْج‬
‫ل‬ َ ‫َج َل‬
‫س‬ ▪ He sat
▪ He will sit
‫َي ْذ َه ُب‬ ‫َذ َه َب‬

▪ He is going
▪ He goes ▪ He went
▪ He will go
‫َيشْ َر ُب‬ ‫شَ ر َِب‬

▪ He is drinking
▪ He drinks ▪ He drank
▪ He will drink
‫َي ْكـثُـ ُر‬ ‫كَـثُـ َر‬

▪ It is increasing
▪ It increases ▪ It increased
▪ It will increase

ِ ‫ إل ِفع ُل إل َم‬to ‫إل ِفع ُل إل ُم َضارِ ُع‬
Changes in Vowels from ‫اض ُي‬
‫إل ِفع ُل‬ ‫إل ِفع ُل‬ Looking at the examples on the left, notice the changes in the vowel signs
of 1st, 2nd and 3rd radicals from ‫ إل َماضي‬to ‫ضارِع‬
َ ‫إل ُم‬
‫اض ُي إل ُم َضا ِر ُع‬ِ ‫إل َم‬
‫اض ُي‬
‫كَـ َت َب َي ْك ُت ُب‬
‫َقـ َت َل َي ْق ُت ُل‬ 3 2 1 3 2 1
ُ ‫ــب َيــ ْكــــ ُت‬

‫ــــب‬ َ ‫كَــــ َتـ‬
‫س‬ ِ
ُ ‫س َي ْج‬
‫ل‬ َ ‫َج َل‬ The change in vowel sign for )‫ُس ُكون (ـ ْـــ‬ )‫َتحة (ـ َـــ‬
َ ‫ف‬ 1
1st and 3rd radical is the same
‫َذ َه َب َي ْذ َه ُب‬ )‫َض َّمة (ــُــ‬ )‫َتحة (ـ َـــ‬

َ ‫ف‬
in all cases
3
)‫َتحة (ـ َـــ‬
َ ‫ف‬ )‫َتحة (ـ َـــ‬
َ ‫ف‬
The change in vowel sign for
‫شَ ر َِب َيشْ َر ُب‬ the 2nd radical is different in

different verbs. According to )‫َض َّمة (ــُــ‬ )‫َض َّمة (ــُــ‬ 2
)‫كَس َرة (ــِــ‬ )‫كَس َرة (ــِــ‬
this change of vowel on the
‫كَـثُـ َر َي ْكـثُـ ُر‬

2nd radical, verbs are
classified into six groups.

‫ج َّر ُد ‪َ ) of‬باب ‪Six Groups (i.e.‬‬
‫إل ُم َ‬ ‫إل ِف ْع ُل إلث َلاثِي‬
‫‪Common Names/Abbreviations of the‬‬ ‫َباب‬
‫َفــ َعــ َل ــُـ‬ ‫َباب َن َص َر‬ ‫َي ْنــ ُصــ ُر‬
‫َف ْت ُح َض ٍّم‬ ‫َنــ َصــ َر‬
‫‪a-u‬‬
‫َفــ َعــ َل ــِـ‬ ‫َباب َض َر َب‬ ‫َي ْضـ ِر ُب‬

‫ر‬‫َس‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ح‬
‫ُ‬ ‫ت‬
‫ْ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ف‬ ‫َضــ َر َب‬
‫‪a-i‬‬
‫َفــ َعــ َل ـ َــ‬ ‫َباب َفـ َت َح‬ ‫َي ْفـــ َتــ ُح‬
‫َف ْت َح َت ِان‬ ‫َفـــ َتـ َـح‬
‫‪a-a‬‬
‫َفــ ُعــ َل ــُـ‬ ‫َباب كَـ ُر َم‬ ‫َي ْكـــ ُر ُم‬

‫َضم َض ٍّم‬ ‫كَـــ ُر َم‬
‫‪u-u‬‬
‫َفــ ِعــ َل ـ َــ‬ ‫َباب َس ِم َع‬ ‫َي ْســ َمــ ُع‬

‫ح‬ ‫ت‬
‫ْ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ف‬ ‫ر‬
‫ُ‬ ‫َس‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ك‬ ‫َســ ِمـ َـع‬
‫‪i-a‬‬
‫ك َْس َر َت ِ‬
‫ان‬
‫‪i-i‬‬ ‫َفــ ِعــ َل ــِـ‬ ‫َباب َح ِس َب‬ ‫ـب‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َي ْحــسـ ُ‬ ‫َحــ ِسـ َ‬
‫ـب‬
‫‪Qur’anic Arabic Notes – Level 2 (v. 12) | info@lqmississauga.com | www.lqmississauga.com | © LQ Mississauga‬‬
The Verbal Noun – ‫إَل َمص َد ُر‬
▪ An Arabic verb contains three pieces of 1 The action
He Entered - ‫ل‬
َ ‫َد َخ‬
information
1. The action
2. The actor
2 The actor 3 The time
3. The time (past, present or future)
▪ The verbal noun (‫ )إَل َمص َد ُر‬is a noun which ‫إَل َمص َد ُر‬
originates from the verb. It contains the action 1 The action
but has no actor or time information.
▪ Since it is a noun: Entry - ‫خول‬
ُ ‫ُد‬
▪ It declines like a noun
▪ It gets the tanwin, when it is indefinite The actor The time
▪ It gets the definite article ‫إل‬, when it is definite
▪ It is also called the Original, the Infinitive or
the Gerund
▪ Sometimes there are multiple verbal nouns for
a given verb

More on The Verbal Noun – ‫إَل َمص َد ُر‬
▪ For three letter verbs, there is no single pattern to create a verbal noun
from a verb. Here are some examples
‫َف ْعل‬ ‫فُ ُعول‬

‫َف ْتح‬ ‫َفـ َت َح َيف َت ُح‬ ‫ُخ ُروج‬ ‫َخ َر َج َيخ ُر ُج‬
‫َن ْصر‬ ‫نص ُر‬ُ ‫َن َص َر َي‬ ‫نُ ُزول‬ ُ‫َنـ َزلَ َيـنزِل‬
‫فِ ْعل‬ ‫َف َعال‬
‫ِعلم‬ ‫َع ِل َم َيع َل ُم‬ ‫َذ َهاب‬ ‫َذ َه َب َيذ َه ُب‬
‫ِحفظ‬ ُ ‫َح ِف َظ َيحف‬
‫َظ‬ ‫َن َجاح‬ ‫نج ُح‬
َ ‫َن َج َح َي‬
‫فِ َعا َلة‬ ‫فُ ْعل‬
‫ِد َر َإسة‬ ‫َد َر َس َيد ُر ُس‬ ‫شُ رب‬ ‫شَ ر َِب َيش َر ُب‬
‫ِع َبا َدة‬ ‫َع َب َد َيع ُب ُد‬ ‫شُ كر‬ ‫شَ َك َر َيش ُك ُر‬
Imperative Verb – ‫فِع ُل إَمر‬
‫فِع ُل إَمر‬ ‫فِعل ُم َضارِع‬ ٍ‫فِعل َما‬

‫إِ ْذ َه ْب‬ ‫َي ْذ َه ُب‬ ‫َذ َه َب‬
Go He is going / He went
He will go
▪ Imperative Verb (‫إَمر‬ ‫ )فِع ُل‬signifies a command or a request

▪ It is derived from ‫ضارِع‬ َ ‫فِعل ُم‬
▪ ‫ فِع ُل إَمر‬is only used for 2nd person (‫)إل ُم َخا َط ُب‬
▪ To command or request 3rd person or 1st person plural, ‫إلأَم ِر‬ ‫ َلأ ُم‬is
used. We will learn it later, ‫إللّه‬ ‫إِن شَ اء‬.

How to Construct ‫فِع ُل إَمر‬
1 Start with the appropriate second person ‫ضارِع‬
َ ‫ُم‬ ‫فِ ِعل‬ ‫فِعل ُم َضارِع‬
ْ 1
2 Remove the ‫ضا َر َع ِة‬
َ ‫رف إل ُم‬
ُ ‫َح‬ ‫َتذ َه ُب‬
3 Make the verb ‫ َمج ُزوم‬. Keep in mind the 3 categories ‫ ـ ْــ‬
‫ـب‬
ُ ‫ـ‬‫ه‬َ ْ ‫ َتـ ـ‬2
‫ذ‬
1) 5 in your pocket, 2) ‫ ن‬comes ‫ ن‬goes, 3) ‫مَب ِني‬ 3
‫رف إل ُم َضا َر َع ِة‬
ُ ‫َح‬
The resulting word cannot be pronounced as it starts
ُ ‫ ُس‬.
with a ‫كون‬ ْ ‫ْذ َهـ‬
‫ـب‬
4 To overcome this, prefix a ‫ص ِل‬
َ ‫إل َو‬ ‫ َهم َز ُة‬to the verb. The 4
vowel sign on the ‫ص ِل‬
َ ‫إل َو‬ ‫ َهم َز ُة‬is determined based on the ْ ‫ٱِ ْذ َهـ‬
‫ـب‬
vowel sign of the ‫ ع َك ِل َمة‬, as follows.
ِ‫َهم َز ُة إل َو َصل‬ ‫ع َك ِل َمة‬ ‫إِ ْذ َه ْب‬

‫ــْـ‬ ‫ــْـ‬
‫فِع ُل إَمر‬
‫فِع ُل إَمر ‪Examples of‬‬
‫فِع ُل إَمر‬ ‫فِعل ُم َضارِع‬ ‫فِعل َماٍ‬

‫َهم َز ُة إل َو َصلِ‬ ‫ع َك ِل َمة‬
‫إِ ْف َت ْح‬ ‫َي ْف َت ُح‬ ‫َف َت َح‬
‫ــْـ‬ ‫ــْـ‬ ‫إِ ْق َرإْ‬ ‫َي ْق َرإُ‬ ‫َق َرإَ‬
‫إِ ْس َم ْع‬ ‫َي ْس َم ُع‬ ‫َس ِم َع‬
‫إِ ْج ِل ْس‬ ‫س‬ ‫َي ْج ِل ُ‬ ‫س‬ ‫َج َل َ‬
‫ــْـ‬ ‫ــْـ‬ ‫إِ ْغ ِس ْل‬ ‫َيغ ِْس ُل‬ ‫َغ َس َل‬
‫إِ ْر ِج ْع‬ ‫َي ْر ِج ُع‬ ‫َر َج َع‬
‫إُ ْك ُت ْب‬ ‫َي ْك ُت ُب‬ ‫َك َت َب‬
‫ــْـ‬ ‫ــْـ‬ ‫إُ ْد ُخ ْل‬ ‫َيد ُْخ ُل‬ ‫َد َخ َل‬
‫إُ ْس ُج ْد‬ ‫َي ْس ُج ُد‬ ‫َس َج َد‬
Uses of ‫َما‬
١
▪ Used for negation in ‫▪ َما ِعن ِدي َق َلم‬ ‫َما إلنَّافِ َي ُة‬
ُ ‫▪ َما إَك‬
nominal as well as verbal
sentences ‫َلت شَ يئا‬ Negative ‫َما‬
‫▪ َما َنس َم ُع إلأَخ َبا َر‬
٢
▪ Means “what” for the ‫▪ َما َه َذإ؟‬ ‫فه ِام َّي ُة‬
َ ‫َما ِإلأس َت‬
‫▪ َما إس ُم َك؟‬
purpose of asking a
question Interrogative ‫َما‬
‫▪ َما َذإ تُرِيدُ؟‬
٣
▪ Means “what” or “that ‫▪ إَش َر ُب َما َتش َر بِ َين‬ ‫وصو َل ُة‬
ُ ‫َما إل َم‬
‫▪ إِس َم ِعي َما إَقُولُ َل ِك‬
which” as a conjunctive
noun Relative ‫َما‬
‫▪ َساَش َتري َما تُ ِري ُد‬
▪ There are other uses of ‫ َما‬, which will be described later, inshaAllah
Examples from Quran – ‫َما‬
And he entered his garden

while he was unjust to himself.
‫َو َد َخ َل َجنَّ َت ُهۥ َو ُه َو َظالِم لِّ َن ْف ِس ِهۦ َقالَ َما‬
﴾۳٥:‫ظن إَن َت ِبي َد َهـ ِذ ِهۦ إَ َبدإ ﴿إلكهف‬ ُ َ‫إ‬
‫َما إلنَّافِ َي ُة‬
He said, "I do not think that
this will perish - ever. (18:35)
‫َو َما ُه َو بِ َق ْو ِل شَ ْي َطان َر ِجيم‬

And it (the Qur'an) is not the
word of a devil, expelled [from ﴾٢٥:‫﴿إلتكوير‬
the heavens]. (81:25)
"What has brought you into ﴾٤٢:‫﴿إلمدثر‬ ‫َما َس َل َك ُك ْم فِي َس َق َر‬
‫َما ِإلأس َتف َه ِام َّي ُة‬
hell-fire?" (74:42)
‫ون لِلَّـ ِه َو َقارإ‬

َ ‫َما َل ُك ْم َلأ َت ْر ُج‬
What is [the matter] with you
that you do not attribute to ﴾١٣:‫﴿إنوح‬
Allah [due] grandeur. (71:13)
A soul will [then] know what it
has brought [with it] (81:14)
﴾١٤:‫﴿إلتكوير‬ ‫َع ِل َم ْت َن ْفس َما إَ ْح َض َر ْت‬
O you who have believed, why َ ُ‫َيا إَي َها إلَّ ِذ َين إ َم ُنوإ لِ َم َت ُقول‬
‫ون َما َلأ‬ ‫وصو َل ُة‬
ُ ‫َما إل َم‬
﴾٢:‫ون ﴿إلصف‬ َ ‫َت ْف َع ُل‬
do you say what you do not
do? (61:2)

‫ٱل ِفع ُل ٱل ُم َضا ِر ُ‬
‫ع ‪Anatomy of‬‬
‫إلف ِ‬
‫َاع ُل َع َلا َم ُة إل َّرف ِع‬ ‫إل ِفع ُل‬ ‫رف إل ُم َضا َر َع ِة‬
‫َح ُ‬
‫ــُـ‬ ‫ـ ُل‬ ‫ـعـ‬ ‫ـفـ‬ ‫يـ‬ ‫َي ْف َع ُل‬ ‫ُه َو‬

‫ن‬ ‫إ‬ ‫ـلـ‬ ‫ـعـ‬ ‫ـفـ‬ ‫يـ‬ ‫َي ْف َع َل ِ‬
‫ان‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫ن‬ ‫و‬ ‫ـلـ‬ ‫ـعـ‬ ‫ـفـ‬ ‫يـ‬ ‫َي ْف َعلُ ْو َن‬ ‫ُه ْم‬
‫ــُـ‬ ‫ـ ُل‬ ‫ـعـ‬ ‫ـفـ‬ ‫تـ‬ ‫َت ْف َع ُل‬ ‫ِه َي‬
‫ن‬ ‫إ‬ ‫ـلـ‬ ‫ـعـ‬ ‫ـفـ‬ ‫تـ‬ ‫ان‬‫َت ْف َع َل ِ‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫ن‬ ‫ـلـ‬ ‫ـعـ‬ ‫ـفـ‬ ‫يـ‬ ‫َي ْف َع ْل َن‬ ‫ُه َّن‬
‫ــُـ‬ ‫ـ ُل‬ ‫ـعـ‬ ‫ـفـ‬ ‫تـ‬ ‫َت ْف َع ُل‬ ‫نت‬ ‫إَ َ‬
‫ن‬ ‫إ‬ ‫ـلـ‬ ‫ـعـ‬ ‫ـفـ‬ ‫تـ‬ ‫ان‬ ‫َت ْف َع َل ِ‬ ‫إَن ُت َما‬
‫‪Notice the‬‬ ‫‪ in these‬ن‬
‫ن‬ ‫و‬ ‫ـلـ‬ ‫ـعـ‬ ‫ـفـ‬ ‫تـ‬ ‫َت ْف َعلُ ْو َن‬ ‫إَن ُت ْم‬
‫‪ and‬إلفَا ِع ُل ‪two cases is‬‬
‫ن‬ ‫ـيـ‬ ‫ـلـ‬ ‫ـعـ‬ ‫ـفـ‬ ‫تـ‬ ‫َت ْف َع ِل ْي َن‬ ‫نت‬ ‫إَ ِ‬
‫َعلا َم ُة إل َّر ِ‬
‫فع ‪not‬‬
‫َض ِمير ُمس َتتِر =‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ـلـ‬ ‫ـعـ‬ ‫ـفـ‬ ‫تـ‬ ‫َت ْف َع ْل َن‬ ‫إَن ُت َّن‬
‫ــُـ‬ ‫ـ ُل‬ ‫ـعـ‬ ‫ـفـ‬ ‫إ‬ ‫إَ ْف َع ُل‬ ‫إَ َنا‬
‫َمبنِي =‬
‫ــُـ‬ ‫ـ ُل‬ ‫ـعـ‬ ‫ـفـ‬ ‫نـ‬ ‫َن ْف َع ُل‬ ‫حن‬
‫َن ُ‬
Moods of Verbs
‫فِعل ُم َضارِع‬ ‫فِع ُل إَ ْمر‬ ٍ‫فِعل َما‬
Declinable ‫ُم ْع َرب‬ Fixed ‫َم ْب ِنـي‬

Similar to how nouns decline ( ‫ُم َح َّمد‬ No change takes place in ٍ‫َما‬ ‫ فِعل‬or ‫فِع ُل إَمر‬,
‫) ُم َح َّمدإ ُم َح َّمد‬, ‫ فِعل ُم َضارِع‬also declines, regardless of anything in the sentence. For
i.e., it changes its form under certain example, ‫ب‬ َ ‫ َذ َه‬will always stay as ‫ َذ َه َب‬with
conditions. It has three kinds of moods. no change to its spelling regardless of what
ْ ‫ إِ ْذ َه‬will
is before or after it. Similarly ‫ب‬
1. ‫( َمرفُوع‬default mood) e.g., ‫َي ْذ َه ُب‬
ْ ‫إِ ْذ َه‬. This is true for all
always stay ‫ب‬
2. ‫ َم ْن ُصوب‬e.g., ‫َي ْذ َه َب‬ fourteen forms for the past tense and six
3. ‫ َم ْج ُزوم‬e.g., ‫َي ْذ َه ْب‬ forms for the imperative verb.
What changes the mood from ‫ َمرفُوع‬to

‫نصوب‬
ُ ‫ َم‬or ‫ َمج ُزوم‬is discussed later.

‫) َم ْرفُوع َم ْن ُصوب َم ْج ُزوم ( – ٱل ِفع ُل ٱل ُم َضا ِر ُع ‪Three Moods of‬‬
‫)‪ (It remains fixed‬إل َمبنِي‬ ‫مس ُة‬
‫إلخ َ‬ ‫)‪ goes‬ن ‪ comes‬ن( إلأَف َعا ُل َ‬ ‫‪5 in your pocket‬‬
‫َمج ُزوم‬ ‫نصوب‬
‫َم ُ‬ ‫َمرفُوع‬ ‫َمج ُزوم‬ ‫نصوب‬
‫َم ُ‬ ‫َمرفُوع‬ ‫َمج ُزوم‬ ‫نصوب‬
‫َم ُ‬ ‫َمرفُوع‬
‫ن‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ــ‬ ‫ــ‬ ‫ــ‬ ‫إل َع َلا َم ُة‬
‫ُه َو‬ ‫َي ْذ َه ُب‬ ‫‪In total there are 7 verb forms, but 3 are‬‬
‫‪common. That is why they are called 5.‬‬
‫َي ْذ َه ْب‬ ‫َي ْذ َه َب‬ ‫َي ْذ َه ُب‬ ‫َي ْذ َه ُب‬ ‫ُه َو‬
‫ُه َما‬ ‫َي ْذ َه َب ِان‬ ‫َي ْذ َه َبا‬ ‫َي ْذ َه َب ِان َي ْذ َه َبا‬ ‫َي ْذ َه َب ِان‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫ُه ْم‬ ‫َي ْذ َه ُب ْو َن‬ ‫َي ْذ َه ُب ْوإ‬ ‫َي ْذ َه ُب ْو َن َي ْذ َه ُب ْوإ‬ ‫َي ْذ َه ُب ْو َن‬ ‫ُه ْم‬
‫ِه َي‬ ‫َت ْذ َه ُب‬ ‫َت ْذ َه ْب‬ ‫َت ْذ َه َب‬ ‫َت ْذ َه ُب‬ ‫َت ْذ َه ُب‬ ‫ِه َي‬
‫ُه َما‬ ‫َت ْذ َه َب ِان‬ ‫َت ْذ َه َبا‬ ‫َت ْذ َه َبا‬ ‫َت ْذ َه َب ِان‬ ‫َت ْذ َه َب ِان‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫ُه َّن‬ ‫َي ْذ َه ْب َن‬ ‫َي ْذ َه ْب َن‬ ‫َي ْذ َه ْب َن‬ ‫َي ْذ َه ْب َن‬ ‫َي ْذ َه ْب َن‬ ‫ُه َّن‬
‫إَن َْت‬ ‫َت ْذ َه ُب‬ ‫َت ْذ َه ْب‬ ‫َت ْذ َه َب‬ ‫َت ْذ َه ُب‬ ‫َت ْذ َه ُب‬ ‫إَن َْت‬
‫إَ ْن ُت َما‬ ‫َت ْذ َه َب ِان‬ ‫َت ْذ َه َبا‬ ‫َت ْذ َه َبا‬ ‫َت ْذ َه َب ِان‬ ‫َت ْذ َه َب ِان‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َما‬
‫إَ ْن ُت ْم‬ ‫َت ْذ َه ُب ْو َن‬ ‫َت ْذ َه ُب ْوإ‬ ‫َت ْذ َه ُب ْوإ‬ ‫َت ْذ َه ُب ْو َن‬ ‫َت ْذ َه ُب ْو َن‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت ْم‬
‫إَن ِْت‬ ‫َت ْذ َه ِب ْي َن‬ ‫َت ْذ َه ِب ْي‬ ‫َت ْذ َه ِب ْي‬ ‫َت ْذ َه ِب ْي َن‬ ‫َت ْذ َه ِب ْي َن‬ ‫إَن ِْت‬
‫إَ ْن ُت َما‬ ‫َت ْذ َه َب ِان‬ ‫َت ْذ َه َبا‬ ‫َت ْذ َه َبا‬ ‫َت ْذ َه َب ِان‬ ‫َت ْذ َه َب ِان‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َما‬
‫إَ ْن ُت َّن‬ ‫َت ْذ َه ْب َن‬ ‫َت ْذ َه ْب َن‬ ‫َت ْذ َه ْب َن‬ ‫َت ْذ َه ْب َن‬ ‫َت ْذ َه ْب َن‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َّن‬
‫إَ َنا‬ ‫إَ ْذ َه ُب‬ ‫إَ ْذ َه ْب‬ ‫إَ ْذ َه َب‬ ‫إَ ْذ َه ُب‬ ‫إَ ْذ َه ُب‬ ‫إَ َنا‬
‫َن ْح ُن‬ ‫َن ْذ َه ُب‬ ‫َن ْذ َه ْب‬ ‫َن ْذ َه َب‬ ‫َن ْذ َه ُب‬ ‫َن ْذ َه ُب‬ ‫َن ْح ُن‬
‫‪Qur’anic Arabic Notes – Level 2 (v. 12) | info@lqmississauga.com | www.lqmississauga.com | © LQ Mississauga‬‬
‫) َم ْرفُوع َم ْن ُصوب َم ْج ُزوم ( – ٱل ِفع ُل ٱل ُم َضا ِر ُع ‪Three Moods of‬‬
‫َع َلا َم ُة إل َّرف ِع‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫)‪ (5 in your pocket‬إلأَف َعالُ إلأَر َب َع ُة‬
‫َت ْف َع ُل‬ ‫ــُـ ‪1‬‬ ‫َي ْف َع ُل‬ ‫ُه َو‬
‫‪X2‬‬ ‫َمج ُزوم‬ ‫نصوب‬ ‫َم ُ‬ ‫َمرفُوع‬
‫ـ ْــ‬ ‫ـ َــ‬ ‫ــُـ‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫ن‬ ‫َي ْف َع َل ِ‬
‫َي ْف َع ْل‬ ‫َي ْف َع َل‬ ‫َي ْف َع ُل‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫ن‬ ‫َي ْف َعلُ ْو َن‬ ‫ُه ْم‬
‫ــُـ ‪1‬‬ ‫َت ْف َع ُل‬ ‫ِه َي‬
‫مس ُة‬
‫َ‬ ‫إلخ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ُ‬
‫ل‬ ‫ا‬‫ع‬‫َ‬ ‫ف‬‫َ‬ ‫أ‬‫إل‬ ‫(‬‫ن‬ ‫‪comes‬‬ ‫ن‬ ‫)‪goes‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ان‬‫َت ْف َع َل ِ‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫َت ْف َع َل ِ‬
‫ان‬ ‫َي ْف َع ْل َن‬ ‫ُه َّن‬
‫‪X3‬‬ ‫َمج ُزوم‬ ‫نصوب‬ ‫َم ُ‬ ‫َمرفُوع‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫ن‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ــُـ ‪1‬‬ ‫َت ْف َع ُل‬ ‫نت‬ ‫إَ َ‬
‫َي ْف َعلُ ْوإ‬ ‫َي ْف َعلُ ْوإ‬ ‫َي ْف َعلُو َن‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ان‬ ‫َت ْف َع َل ِ‬ ‫إَن ُت َما‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫ن‬ ‫َت ْف َعلُ ْو َن‬ ‫إَن ُت ْم‬
‫)‪ (mabni‬إل ِفع َل ِ‬
‫ان إل َمب ِن َيانِ‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫ن‬ ‫َت ْف َع ِل ْي َن‬ ‫نت‬ ‫إَ ِ‬
‫َمج ُزوم‬ ‫نصوب‬ ‫َم ُ‬ ‫َمرفُوع‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ان‬ ‫َت ْف َع َل ِ‬ ‫إَن ُت َما‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫َت ْف َع ْل َن‬ ‫إَن ُت َّن‬
‫َي ْف َع ْل َن‬ ‫ــُـ‬ ‫إَ ْف َع ُل‬ ‫إَ َنا‬
‫َي ْف َع ْل َن‬ ‫َي ْف َع ْل َن‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫ــُـ‬ ‫َن ْف َع ُل‬ ‫حن‬
‫َن ُ‬
‫‪Particles Which Change the Mood‬‬
‫َم ْج ُزوم‬ ‫َج َوإ ِز ُم إ ْل ِف ْعلِ إ ْل ُم َضا ِر ِع‬ ‫َم ْن ُصوب‬ ‫إص ُب إ ْل ِف ْع ِل إ ْل ُم َضا ِر ِع‬
‫َن َو ِ‬ ‫َم ْرفُوع‬
‫َيــ ْفـ َعـ ْل‬ ‫لأ إلنَّا ِه َّي ُة‬ ‫َيــ ْفـ َعـ َل‬ ‫َإ ْن‬ ‫َيــ ْفـ َعـ ُل‬ ‫ُه َو‬
‫َيــ ْفـ َعـ َلـــا‬ ‫َيــ ْفـ َعـ َلـــا‬ ‫َيــ ْفـ َعـ َلـــا ِن‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫َل ْم‬ ‫َل ْن‬
‫َيــ ْفـ َعـلُــ ْوإ‬ ‫َيــ ْفـ َعـلُــ ْوإ‬ ‫َيــ ْفـ َعـلُــ ْو َن‬ ‫ُه ْم‬
‫‪+‬‬ ‫َل َّما‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫لِ َك ْي‬
‫َتــ ْفـ َعـ ْل‬ ‫َتــ ْفـ َعـ َل‬ ‫َتــ ْفـ َعـ ُل‬ ‫ِه َي‬
‫َتــ ْفـ َعـ َلــا‬ ‫َلأ ُم إلأَ ْم ِر‬ ‫َتــ ْفـ َعـ َلــا‬ ‫إِذ َْن‬ ‫َتــ ْفـ َعـ َلــا ِن‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫َيــ ْفـ َعـ ْل َـن‬ ‫َيــ ْفـ َعـ ْل َـن‬ ‫َيــ ْفـ َعـ ْل َـن‬ ‫ُه َّن‬
‫َتــ ْفـ َعـ ْل‬ ‫َتــ ْفـ َعـ َل‬ ‫َتــ ْفـ َعـ ُل‬ ‫نت‬ ‫إَ َ‬
‫َتــ ْفـ َعـ َلــا‬ ‫َتــ ْفـ َعـ َلــا‬ ‫َتــ ْفـ َعـ َلــا ِن‬ ‫إَن ُت َما‬
‫َتــ ْفـ َعـلُــ ْوإ‬ ‫َتــ ْفـ َعـلُــ ْوإ‬ ‫َتــ ْفـ َعـلُــ ْو َن‬ ‫إَن ُت ْم‬
‫َتــ ْفـ َعــ ِلـ ْـي‬ ‫َتــ ْفـ َعــ ِلـ ْـي‬ ‫َتــ ْفـ َعــ ِلــ ْيــ َن‬ ‫نت‬ ‫إَ ِ‬
‫َتــ ْفـ َعـ َلــا‬ ‫َتــ ْفـ َعـ َلــا‬ ‫َتــ ْفـ َعـ َلــا ِن‬ ‫إَن ُت َما‬
‫َتــ ْفـ َعـ ْلــ َن‬ ‫َتــ ْفـ َعـ ْلــ َن‬ ‫َتــ ْفـ َعـ ْلــ َن‬ ‫إَن ُت َّن‬
‫إَ ْفـ َعـ ْل‬ ‫إَ ْفـ َعـ َل‬ ‫إَ ْفـ َعـ ُل‬ ‫إَ َنا‬
‫َنــ ْفـ َعـ ْل‬ ‫َنــ ْفـ َعـ َل‬ ‫َنــ ْفـ َعـ ُل‬ ‫حن‬
‫َن ُ‬
‫إص ُب إل ِف ْع ِل إ ْل ُم َضا ِر ِع‬
ِ ‫َن َو‬
Following four particles change the mood of ‫ضارِع‬
َ ‫ُم‬ ‫ فِ ْعل‬to ‫َم ْن ُصوب‬
‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْن ُصوب‬
‫آل عمران‬
ً َّ َ ُّ ً َ َّ ‫ر‬ َّ َ َ َ ‫ََ َ َ َر‬ ‫َح ْر ُف َم ْص َدر ٍِّي‬
ُ
١٤٥ ... ۗ ‫وما َكن نلِ ف ٍس أن تموت إَِل بِإِذ ِن اللـهِ كِتابا مؤجًل‬ ‫إَ ْن‬ ‫َو َن ْصب‬
And it is not [possible] for one to die except by permission of Allah at a decree determined (3:145) “that”
‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْن ُصوب‬ ‫المنافقون‬

َ َّ ‫َ ر‬ َ َ َ َ َ َ
‫َ َ ٌ َ َر ر رَرَ ر َ ُ ر ر ر َر َر‬ ‫َح ْر ُف َن ِف ٍّي‬
‫ر‬ ُ ُ َ ‫ر‬ ُ ‫ر‬
٦ ... ۚ ‫سواء علي ِهم أستغفرت لهم أم لم تستغفِر لهم لن يغفِر اللـه لهم‬ ‫َل ْن‬ ‫َو َن ْصب َو ْإستِ ْق َبال‬
It is all the same for them whether you ask forgiveness for them or do not ask forgiveness for them; never will Allah “not” (for future)
forgive them. (63:6)
‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْن ُصوب‬ ‫انلِّحل‬
ً ‫ر‬ َ ‫ُ َّ ُ َ ُّ َ َٰ َ ر َ ر ُ ُ َ ر َ َ ر َ َ َ ر َ ر‬ َ ‫ر‬ ُ َّ َ َ َ َّ ُ ‫َ َّ ُ َ َ َ ُ ر‬ ‫لِ َك ْي‬
‫َح ْر ُف َم ْص َدر ٍِّي‬
٧٠ ...ۚ ‫واللـه خلقكم ثم يتوفاكم ۚ ومِنكم من يرد إَِل أرذ ِل العم ِر ل ِك َل يعلم بعد عِل ٍم شيئا‬ ‫َو َن ْصب‬
And Allah created you; then He will take you in death. And among you is he who is reversed to the most decrepit “so that”
[old] age so that he will not know, after [having had] knowledge, a thing. (16:70)
‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْن ُصوب‬
‫ إ ِ َذ ْن َن ْب َدإَ إل َّد ْر َس إ ْل َج ِدي َد َغدإ‬...‫َي َكا ُد إ ْل َج َر ُس َيرِن‬ ‫إِ َذ ْن‬
The bell is about to ring … In that case, we will start the new lesson tomorrow “in that case”

ِ ‫َلأ ُم إلتَّ ْع ِل‬
Lam of Justification and the Implied ‫يل َوإَ ْن ُم ْض َم َرة – إَ ْن‬
‫َلأ ُم إل َّت ْعلِيلِ فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْن ُصوب‬ ‫َلأ ُم إل َّت ْعلِي ِل فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْن ُصوب َلأ ُم إل َّت ْعلِي ِل فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْن ُصوب‬
‫إبراهيم‬
‫َ َ ر َ ُ َ َّ َ ُ َ َ َٰ ٌ َ ٌ َ َ َّ َّ َ ُ ُ ر َ َر‬ ُ َ ُ َ َّ ِّ ٌ َ َ َ َٰ َ
٥٢ ‫اب‬
ِ ‫حد ول ِــيذكر أولو األبل‬ ِ ‫هـذا بًلغ ل ِلن‬
ِ ‫اس ول ِــينذروا بِهِ ول ِــيعلموا أنما هو إِلـه وا‬
This is a proclamation for all mankind that they may be warned by it, and that they may know that their God is none but the One
True God, and that men of understanding may take heed. (14:52)
‫ َلأ ُم إلتَّ ْع ِل ِيل‬means “so that”, “in order to”, and it is used to provide a justification or an
explanation about something
Notice the verb after the ‫ َلأ ُم إلتَّ ْع ِلي ِل‬is ‫ضارِع‬ َ ‫فِ ْعل ُم‬, which is in ‫ َم ْن ُصوب‬mood. The reason for the ‫َم ْن ُصوب‬
mood is actually an implied ْ‫أَن‬, (‫ض َم َرة‬ ْ ‫)إَ ْن ُم‬, which as we know is among the ‫إص ُب إ ْل ِف ْع ِل إ ْل ُم َضا ِر ِع‬
ِ ‫َن َو‬
The ‫ إَ ْن‬becomes explicit, if ‫إل َّنافِ َّي ُة‬ ‫ َلأ‬is used ‫َح ْر ُف َم ْص َدر ٍِّي َو َن ْصب َلأ إلنَّافِ َّي ُة‬
with the ‫فِ ْعل‬, as in the following ayah ‫َلأ ُم إل َّت ْعلِي ِل‬
‫ َلأ فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْن ُصوب‬+ ‫ إَ ْن‬+ ‫لِــ‬
‫ابلقرة‬
‫ر‬ ُ ‫َ َ ر ُ َ ُ ُ ر َ َ ُّ ُ ُ َ ُ ر َ ر َ ُ َ َّ َ ُ َ َّ ِ َ َ ر ُ ر ُ َّ ٌ َّ َّ َ َ َ ُ ر‬
١٥٠ ... ‫ وحيث ما كنتم فولوا وجوهكم شطره ِلِ ًل يكون ل ِلناس عليكم حجة إَِل اَّلِين ظلموا مِنهم‬...
… And wherever you [believers] may be, turn your faces toward it in order that the people will not have any argument against
you, except for those of them who commit wrong; … (2:150)
‫َج َوإ ِز ُم إل ِف ْع ِل إ ْل ُم َضا ِر ِع‬
Following four particles change the mood of ‫ضارِع‬
َ ‫ُم‬ ‫ فِ ْعل‬to ‫َم ْج ُزوم‬
‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْج ُزوم‬
‫ر‬ ‫انلور‬
َ َ
‫َ ر ُ ُ ُ ُ ً َ ر َ ُ ُ ُ ر َ َّ َٰ َ ر َ ُ َ ُ َ ِّ ُ َ َٰ ر‬ َ َّ َ َ
َ ُ َ َ َ ُّ
٢٧ ... ۚ ‫يا أيها اَّلِين آمنوا َل تدخلوا بيوتا غْي بيوت ِكم حِت تستأن ِسوا وتسل ِموا َع أهلِها‬ ‫َلأ إلنَّا ِه َّي ُة‬
O you who have believed, do not enter houses other than your own houses until you ascertain welcome and greet “Do not”
their inhabitants… (24:27) ِ ‫ف ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْج ُزوم‬
‫َ الرشح‬
َ َ ‫ر‬ َ َ ‫َر َر َ ر‬
َ
‫َل ْم‬
‫َح ْر ُف َن ِف ٍّي َو َج ْزم‬
١ ‫ألم نرشح لك صدرك‬ ‫َو َق ْلب‬
Did We not expand for you, [O Muhammad], your breast? (94:1) “No”
‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْج ُزوم‬ ‫اْلجرات‬

ُ ُ ُ ُ َ ‫ر‬ َ َ
ُ ‫ر ر َ َ َّ َ ر‬ َ ُ ُ َ َّ
‫ر َ ُ َ َّ ُ ر ُ ر‬ َ ‫ر‬ َ َ ‫َح ْر ُف َن ِف ٍّي َو َج ْزم‬
‫ر‬
١٤ ...ۖ ‫اْليمان ِِف قلوبِكم‬
ِ ‫كن قولوا أسلمنا ولما يدخ ِل‬
َٰ َ ُ
ِ ‫ت األعراب آمنا ۖ قل لم تؤمِنوا ولـ‬ ِ ‫قال‬ ‫َل َّما‬ ‫َو َق ْلب‬
The bedouins say, "We have believed." Say, "You have not [yet] believed; but say [instead], 'We have submitted,' for “Not yet”
faith has not yet entered your hearts... (49:14)
‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْج ُزوم‬ ‫قريش‬
‫َ ر َ ر ُ ُ َ َّ َ َٰ َ ر‬
٣‫ت‬ ‫ر‬ َ
ِ ‫فليعبدوا رب هـذا ابلي‬ ‫َلأ ُم إ ْلأَ ْم ِر‬
Let them worship the Lord of this House, (106:3) “… should”

Qur’anic References for ‫ فِ َعل ُم َضارِع َم ْن ُصوب‬+ ‫إَ ْن‬
‫ابلقرة‬ ‫ابلقرة‬
َ َُ‫ُ ُر َر‬ ‫ر‬ ُ َّ ٌ ‫َ َ َ ُ ُ َ ر‬ ُ َ ً َ َ َ ُ َ ‫َّ َّ َ َ ر ُ ُ ُ ر َ َ ر‬ ‫ر‬ َ َٰ َ ُ َ َ ‫ر‬
١٨٤ ‫ وأن تصوموا خْي لكم ۖ إِن كنتم تعلمون‬... ‫ِإَوذ قال موس ل ِقو ِمهِ إِن اللـه يأمركم أن تذَبوا بقرة ۖ قالوا‬
َ َ ‫َ َ َّ ُ َ ُ ُ ً َ َ َ ُ ُ َّ َ ر َ ُ َ َ ر‬
But to fast is best for you, if you only knew. (2:184) ٦٧ ‫خذنا هزوا ۖ قال أعوذ بِاللـهِ أن أكون مِن اْلاهِلِني‬ ِ ‫أتت‬
‫الكهف‬
‫َ َ َ ر َ َ ُ ر َ ُ َ َ ُّ ُ َ َ ر ً ِّ ر ُ َ َ ً َ َ ر َ َ ُ ر‬
And [recall] when Moses said to his people, "Indeed, Allah commands
ً
٨١ ‫فأردنا أن يب ِدلهما ربهما خْيا ِمنه زَكة وأقرب رمحا‬
you to slaughter a cow." They said, "Do you take us in ridicule?" He
said, "I seek refuge in Allah from being among the ignorant." (2:67)
‫النساء‬
َ ُ َّ َ َ َّ ُ ُ َ ‫َ َّ ُ ُ ُ َ َ ُ َ َ َ ر ُ ر‬
So we intended that their Lord should substitute for them one better
than him in purity and nearer to mercy. (18:81)
‫طه‬ ‫واللـه ي ِريد أن يتوب عليكم وي ِريد اَّلِين يتبِعون‬
ُ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ُ َ َ ُ ر َ ُ ِّ ر‬ َ َ َ َٰ َ ‫َ ُ ر‬ ً ‫َّ َ َ َ َ ُ َ ر‬
‫ضكم‬ِ ‫ان أن ُي ِرجاكم ِمن أر‬ َ ً َ
ِ ‫ان ي ِريد‬
ِ ‫حر‬ ِ ‫ان لسا‬
ِ ‫قالوا إِن هـذ‬ ٢٧ ‫ات أن ت ِميلوا ميًل ع ِظيما‬
ِ ‫الشهو‬
َٰ َ‫ر َ َ َ ر َ َ َ َ ُ ُ رُ ر‬
٦٣ ‫سح ِرهِما ويذهبا بِط ِريقتِكم المثل‬ ِ ِ‫ب‬ Allah wants to accept your repentance, but those who
follow [their] passions want you to digress [into] a great
They said, "Indeed, these are two magicians who want to drive you out deviation. (4:27)
of your land with their magic and do away with your most exemplary ‫النساء‬
ُ َ َ َ َ َٰ َ َ ُ َ ُ ‫َّ َّ َ َ َ ر ُ َ ُ ر َ َ َ َ ر‬
way. (20:63)
١١٦ ... ۚ ‫إِن اللـه َل يغ ِفر أن يرشك بِهِ ويغ ِفر ما دون ذل ِك ل ِمن يشاء‬
Indeed, Allah does not forgive association with Him, but He forgives what is less
than that for whom He wills ... (4:116)
ِ ‫لأ ُم إلتَّ ْع ِل‬
Qur’anic References for ‫يل‬
‫الكهف‬ ‫الكهف‬
‫ر‬ ‫ر‬ َّ َ َ ‫ر‬ َ َ َ َ َّ َّ ُ ‫ر ر‬
َّ َ ُ ‫ُر‬ َ ُ َ َ َ َّ ُ َ ُ َ ً ُ َ ‫ر‬ ‫ر‬ َ
ۜ ‫َع عب ِده ِ الكِتاب ولم َيعل َل ع َِوجا‬ َ َ ‫ر‬ َ َ
َٰ ‫اْلمد ل ِلـهِ اَّلِي أنزل‬ َ
٥٦ ... ‫حضوا بِهِ اْلق‬
ِ ‫ويجادِل اَّلِين كفروا بِابلا ِط ِل ِِلد‬
َ‫ني َّاَّلِين‬ َ ِ ‫رش ال ر ُم رؤ ِمن‬َ ِ ِّ َ‫يدا ِّ ِمن َّ َُّلن ر ُه َو ُيب‬ ً ‫ قَ ِّي ًما ِّ ِِلُن ِذ َر بَأ ر ًسا َش ِد‬١
And those who disbelieve dispute by [using] falsehood to [attempt to]
ِ
‫الكهف‬
ً‫ني فِيهِ َأبَدا‬ ‫اْلات أَ َّن ل َ ُه رم أَ ر‬ َ َُ‫َ ر‬
invalidate thereby the truth… (18:56)
َ ‫ َّماكِث‬٢ ‫ج ًرا َح َس ًنا‬ َ َّ
َّ َ ‫َ َ َ َٰ َ َ ر َ ر َ َ َ ر ر َ ر َ ُ َ َّ َ ر‬ ِ ِ ِ ‫يعملون الص‬
ٌّ َ
٢١ ... ‫وكذل ِك أعثنا علي ِهم ِِلعلموا أن وعد اللـهِ حق‬ ً َ َ ُ َّ َ َ َّ ُ َ َ َّ َ ُ َ
٤ ‫ وين ِذر اَّلِين قالوا اَتذ اللـه وَّلا‬٣
And similarly, We caused them to be found that they [who found
them] would know that the promise of Allah is truth... (18:21) [All] praise is [due] to Allah, who has sent down upon His Servant the
‫الزمر‬ Book and has not made therein any deviance. (18:1) [He has made it]
َ ۡ ُ ۡ َ َّ َ َ ُ َ ۡ َ ُ ۡ ُ َ straight, to warn of severe punishment from Him and to give good

١٢ ‫وأمِرت ِألن أكون أول ٱلمسل ِ ِمني‬
Probably the only place in
tidings to the believers who do righteous deeds that they will have a
the Qur’an, where ‫ إَ ْن‬comes
good reward (18:2) In which they will remain forever (18:3) And to
explicitly after ‫إلتّعليل‬ ‫لأم‬ warn those who say, "Allah has taken a son." (18:4)
And I have been commanded to be the first
without a ‫ َلأ إلنَّا ِه َّي ُة‬with the [among you] of the Muslims." (39:12)
verb. ‫الكهف‬
‫انلبإ‬
ً َ َ ُ َ َ َ ‫ُ َّ َ َ ر َ ُ ر ر َ َ َ ُّ ر ر َ ر َ ر‬
‫ِّ ُ ر‬ َ ً َ ‫ََ َ رَ َ ر‬ َٰ ‫ني أح‬
١٢ ‫ص ل ِما بلِثوا أمدا‬ ‫ب‬‫ِز‬ ‫اْل‬ ‫ي‬‫أ‬ ‫م‬‫ل‬ ‫ع‬َ ِ‫ثم بعثناهم نل‬
ً َ َ َ ًّ َ َ ً َّ َ ‫ر‬ ُ ِ
١٥ ‫ نلِ خ ِرج بِهِ حبا ونباتا‬١٤ ‫ات ماء َثاجا‬ِ ‫ِص‬ِ ‫وأنزنلا مِن المع‬
Then We awakened them that We might show which of the two
And sent down, from the rain clouds, pouring water (78:14) That We may factions was most precise in calculating what [extent] they had
bring forth thereby grain and vegetation (78:15) remained in time. (12)

Qur’anic References for ‫َل ْن‬
‫النساء‬ ‫ابلقرة‬
ً‫اَّل رركِ راألَ رس َفل م َِن انلَّار َولَن ََت َد ل َ ُه رم نَ ِصْيا‬ َ ‫إ َّن ال ر ُم َنافِق‬
َّ ‫ني ِف‬ ُ ُ َ َّ َ َّ ُ َّ َ ُ َ ‫َ َّ ر َ ر َ ُ َ َ َ ر‬
ُ‫ود َها انلَّاس‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ‫فإِن لم تفعلوا ولن تفعلوا فاتقوا انلار ال ِِت وق‬
َ َ ‫َ ر َ َ ُ ُ َّ ر ر‬
١٤٥ ٢٤ ‫واْل ِجارة ۖ أعِدت ل ِلَكف ِِرين‬
Indeed, the hypocrites will be in the lowest depths of the Fire - and But if you do not - and you will never be able to - then fear the Fire,
never will you find for them a helper - (4:145) whose fuel is men and stones, prepared for the disbelievers. (2:24)
‫المائدة‬ ‫ابلقرة‬
َ‫ب َأنرت‬ َ ‫وس إنَّا لَن نَّ رد ُخلَ َها َأبَ ًدا َّما َد ُاموا ف‬
‫ِيها ۖ فَاذر َه ر‬ َٰ َ ‫قَالُوا يَا ُم‬ َ َ َ ‫ر‬ َ ً ُ َ َ َ َّ َ َّ ‫َ َ ُ َ َ ر ُ َ ر‬
َ ‫وقالوا لن يدخل‬
َٰ ‫اْلنة إَِل من َكن هودا أو نصار‬
ِ ١١١ ... ‫ى‬
َ ُ َ َ ُ َ َّ َ َ َ َ ُّ َ َ
٢٤ ‫وربك فقات ًِل إِنا هاهنا قاعِدون‬ And they say, "None will enter Paradise except one who is a Jew or a
Christian." (2:111)
They said, "O Moses, indeed we will not enter it, ever, as long as they ‫آل عمران‬
are within it; so go, you and your Lord, and fight. Indeed, we are
‫ر‬ َ ُ ُ َ َ َ ُّ ُ َّ ُ ُ َٰ َّ َ َّ ‫َ َ َ ُ ر‬
remaining right here." (5:24)
‫انلبإ‬
‫لن تنالوا ال َِب حِت تنفِقوا مِما ُتِبون ۚ وما تنفِقوا مِن ش ٍء‬
ً َ َ َّ ‫َ ُ ُ َ َ َّ َ ُ ر‬ ٌ َ َ َّ َّ َ
٣٠ ‫فذوقوا فلن ن ِزيدكم إَِل عذابا‬ ٩٢ ‫فإِن اللـه بِهِ علِيم‬
"So taste [the penalty], and never will We increase you except in Never will you attain the good [reward] until you spend [in the way of
torment." (78:30) Allah] from that which you love. And whatever you spend - indeed,
Allah is Knowing of it. (3:92)

Qur’anic References for ‫َل ْم‬
‫الكهف‬ ‫ابلقرة‬
َ ‫َ َ َ َّ َ َ ٌ َّ ر َ َ َ َ َ ر َّ ر ُ ر ُ َ َٰ َ ر‬
َٰ ‫خع نفسك‬ َ ‫َّ َّ َ َ َ ُ َ َ ٌ َ َ ر ر َ َ َ ر َ ُ ر َ ر َ ر ُ ر ُ ر‬
‫يث‬
ِ ‫َع آثارِهِم إِن لم يؤمِنوا بِهـذا اْل ِد‬ ِ ‫فلعلك با‬ ‫إِن اَّلِين كفروا سواء علي ِهم أأنذرتهم أم لم تن ِذرهم َل‬
ً ََ َ ‫ر‬
٦ ‫أسفا‬ ٦ ‫يُؤم ُِنون‬
Then perhaps you would kill yourself through grief over them, [O Indeed, those who disbelieve - it is all the same for them whether you
Muhammad], if they do not believe in this message, [and] out of warn them or do not warn them - they will not believe. (2:6)
sorrow. (18:6)
‫الممتحنة‬ ‫األنعام‬
ِّ ُ ُ ‫ِّ َ َ ر ُ ر‬ ‫ر‬ ُ ُ َ ُ ‫َّ َ ر َ ُ ُ َّ ُ َ َّ َ َ ر‬ َ َ َّ َ ‫ر‬ َ ُ ‫َ َر‬
‫ين ولم ُي ِرجوكم ِمن‬ ٌ ‫ر‬ ُ َّ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ر‬ ُ ‫ر‬ َّ
ِ ‫ َل ينهاكم اللـه ع ِن اَّلِين لم يقات ِلوكم ِِف ا‬١٢١ ... ‫َوَل تأكلوا مِما لم يذكر اسم اللـهِ عليهِ ِإَونه لفِسق‬
ِ ‫َّل‬ ُ ُ
‫ر‬ َّ َ َ ُ ِ
َ ‫سط‬ ‫َ ُ ُّ ُ ر‬ َّ ‫ر ر‬ ُ ‫ َ ر َ َ ُّ ُ ر َ ُ ر‬And do not eat of that upon which the name of Allah has not been
٨ ‫ني‬ ِ ِ ‫ق‬ ‫م‬ ‫ال‬ ‫ب‬ ِ ‫ُي‬ ‫ـه‬ ‫الل‬ ‫ن‬ ‫إ‬ ۚ
ِ ِ ِ‫م‬‫ه‬ ‫ِل‬ ‫إ‬ ‫وا‬ ‫ط‬ ‫س‬
ِ ‫دِيارِكم أن تَبوهم وت‬
‫ق‬
mentioned, for indeed, it is grave disobedience (6:121)
Allah does not forbid you from those who do not fight you because of religion
and do not expel you from your homes - from being righteous toward them
‫األعراف‬
ُ َ َ ‫َ َ َ َّ َ َ َ ر‬
and acting justly toward them. Indeed, Allah loves those who act justly. (60:8)
َ ُ َ َ َ ‫َّ ر َ ر ر َ َ َ َ ر َ ر‬
َ‫ون َّن مِن‬ َ َ
‫اْلخًلص‬ ‫العلق‬ ‫قاَل ربنا ظلمنا أنفسنا ِإَون لم تغفِر نلا وترمحنا نلك‬
‫ر‬ َ ُ ‫َر َ ر ََر‬ ‫ر‬ َ ‫َ َّ َ ر َ َ َ َ ر َ ر‬ َ َ ‫ر‬
٣ ‫لم ي ِْل ولم يوَّل‬ ٥ ‫اْلنسان ما لم يعلم‬ِ ‫علم‬ ٢٣ ‫اِسين‬
ِ ِ ‫اْل‬
He neither begets nor is Taught man that which he knew They said, "Our Lord, we have wronged ourselves, and if You do not
born, (112:3) not. (96:5) forgive us and have mercy upon us, we will surely be among the
losers." (7:23)
‫)إ ْلأَ ْف َعالُ إ ْلأَ ْر َب َع ُة( ‪ – 5 in your pocket‬إ ِ ْع َر ُ‬
‫إب إ ْل ِف ْعلِ إ ْل ُم َضا ِر ِع‬
‫إب إ ْل ِف ْع ِل إ ْل ُم َضا ِر ِع إ ْل َم ْرفُو ِع‬
‫إِ ْع َر ُ‬ ‫إلف ِ‬
‫َح ُ‬
‫َاع ُل َض ِمير َم ْس َت ِتر َت ْق ِدي ُر ُه ُه َو‬ ‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْرفُوع بِ َّ‬
‫الض َّم ِة َوإ ْلف ِ‬ ‫ــُـ‬ ‫ـ ُل‬ ‫ـعـ‬ ‫ـفـ‬ ‫يـ‬ ‫َي ْف َع ُل‬ ‫ُه َو‬
‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْرفُوع بِ َّ‬
‫الض َّم ِة َوإ ْلف ِ‬
‫َاع ُل َض ِمير َم ْس َت ِتر َت ْق ِدي ُر ُه ِه َي‬ ‫ــُـ‬ ‫ـ ُل‬ ‫ـعـ‬ ‫ـفـ‬ ‫تـ‬ ‫َت ْف َع ُل‬ ‫ِه َي‬
‫َاع ُل َض ِمير َم ْس َت ِتر َت ْق ِدي ُر ُه إَن َْت‬ ‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْرفُوع بِ َّ‬
‫الض َّم ِة َوإ ْلف ِ‬ ‫ــُـ‬ ‫ـ ُل‬ ‫ـعـ‬ ‫ـفـ‬ ‫تـ‬ ‫َت ْف َع ُل‬ ‫نت‬ ‫إَ َ‬
‫ن‬ ‫ـلـ‬ ‫ـعـ‬ ‫ـفـ‬ ‫تـ‬ ‫َت ْف َع ْل َن‬ ‫إَن ُت َّن‬
‫َاع ُل َض ِمير َم ْس َت ِتر َت ْق ِدي ُر ُه إَ َنا‬ ‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْرفُوع بِ َّ‬
‫الض َّم ِة َوإ ْلف ِ‬ ‫ــُـ‬ ‫ـ ُل‬ ‫ـعـ‬ ‫ـفـ‬ ‫إ‬ ‫إَ ْف َع ُل‬ ‫إَ َنا‬
‫َاع ُل َض ِمير َم ْس َت ِتر َت ْق ِدي ُر ُه َن َح ُن‬ ‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْرفُوع بِ َّ‬
‫الض َّم ِة َوإ ْلف ِ‬ ‫ــُـ‬ ‫ـ ُل‬ ‫ـعـ‬ ‫ـفـ‬ ‫نـ‬ ‫َن ْف َع ُل‬ ‫حن‬
‫َن ُ‬
‫)إ ْلأَ ْف َعالُ إ ْل َخ ْم َس ُة( ‪ goes‬ن ‪ comes‬ن – إ ِ ْع َر ُ‬
‫َح ُ‬

‫وت إلن ِون َوإ ْلأَلِ ُف فِي َم َح ِّل َر ْفع ف َِاعل‬
‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْرفُوع بِثُ ُب ِ‬ ‫ن‬ ‫إ‬ ‫ـلـ‬ ‫ـعـ‬ ‫ـفـ‬ ‫يـ‬ ‫َي ْف َع َل ِ‬
‫وت إلن ِون َوإ ْل َوإ ُو فِي َم َح ِّل َر ْفع ف َِاعل‬
‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْرفُوع بِثُ ُب ِ‬ ‫ن‬ ‫و‬ ‫ـلـ‬ ‫ـعـ‬ ‫ـفـ‬ ‫يـ‬ ‫َي ْف َعلُ ْو َن‬ ‫ُه ْم‬
‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْرفُوع بِثُ ُب ِ‬ ‫ن‬ ‫إ‬ ‫ـلـ‬ ‫ـعـ‬ ‫ـفـ‬ ‫تـ‬ ‫ان‬‫َت ْف َع َل ِ‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫وت إلن ِون َوإ ْلأَلِ ُف فِي َم َح ِّل َر ْفع فَا ِعل‬ ‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْرفُوع بِثُ ُب ِ‬ ‫ن‬ ‫إ‬ ‫ـلـ‬ ‫ـعـ‬ ‫ـفـ‬ ‫تـ‬ ‫ان‬ ‫َت ْف َع َل ِ‬ ‫إَن ُت َما‬
‫وت إلن ِون َوإ ْل َوإ ُو فِي َم َح ِّل َر ْفع ف َِاعل‬ ‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْرفُوع بِثُ ُب ِ‬ ‫ن‬ ‫و‬ ‫ـلـ‬ ‫ـعـ‬ ‫ـفـ‬ ‫تـ‬ ‫َت ْف َعلُ ْو َن‬ ‫إَن ُت ْم‬
‫وت إلن ِون َوإ ْل َي ُاء فِي َم َح ِّل َر ْفع فَا ِعل‬‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْرفُوع بِثُ ُب ِ‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ـيـ‬ ‫ـلـ‬ ‫ـعـ‬ ‫ـفـ‬ ‫تـ‬ ‫َت ْف َع ِل ْي َن‬ ‫نت‬ ‫إَ ِ‬
‫وت إلن ِون َوإ ْلأَلِ ُف فِي َم َح ِّل َر ْفع ف َِاعل‬ ‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْرفُوع بِثُ ُب ِ‬ ‫ن‬ ‫إ‬ ‫ـلـ‬ ‫ـعـ‬ ‫ـفـ‬ ‫تـ‬ ‫ان‬ ‫َت ْف َع َل ِ‬ ‫إَن ُت َما‬
‫ن‬ ‫ـلـ‬ ‫ـعـ‬ ‫ـفـ‬ ‫تـ‬ ‫َت ْف َع ْل َن‬ ‫إَن ُت َّن‬
‫َن ُ‬
‫إ ْل َم ْب ِني – إ ِ ْع َر ُ‬
‫َح ُ‬

‫ن‬ ‫ـ ْلـ‬ ‫ـعـ‬ ‫ـفـ‬ ‫يـ‬ ‫َي ْف َع ْل َن‬ ‫ُه َّن‬
‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْب ِني َع َلى إلس ُك ِون فِي َم َح ِّل َر ْفع َوإلنو ُن فِي َم َح ِّل َر ْفع ف َِاعل‬
‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْب ِني َع َلى إلس ُك ِون فِي َم َح ِّل َر ْفع َوإلنو ُن فِي َم َح ِّل َر ْفع ف َِاعل‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ـ ْلـ‬ ‫ـعـ‬ ‫ـفـ‬ ‫تـ‬ ‫َت ْف َع ْل َن‬ ‫إَن ُت َّن‬
‫َن ُ‬
‫إِ ْع َر ُ‬
‫إِ ْع َر ُ‬ ‫َم ْرفُوع‬
‫َاع ُل َض ِمير َم ْس َتتِر َت ْق ِدي ُر ُه ُه َو‬ ‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْرفُوع بِ َّ‬ ‫َيــ ْفـ َعـ ُل‬ ‫ُه َو‬
‫وت إلن ِون َوإ ْلأَلِ ُف فِي َم َح ِّل َر ْفع ف َِاعل‬ ‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْرفُوع بِثُ ُب ِ‬ ‫َيــ ْفـ َعـ َلـــا ِن‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫وت إلن ِون َوإ ْل َوإ ُو فِي َم َح ِّل َر ْفع فَا ِعل‬ ‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْرفُوع بِثُ ُب ِ‬ ‫َيــ ْفـ َعـلُــ ْو َن‬ ‫ُه ْم‬
‫َاع ُل َض ِمير َم ْس َتتِر َت ْق ِدي ُر ُه ِه َي‬ ‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْرفُوع بِ َّ‬ ‫َتــ ْفـ َعـ ُل‬ ‫ِه َي‬
‫وت إلن ِون َوإ ْلأَلِ ُف فِي َم َح ِّل َر ْفع ف َِاعل‬ ‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْرفُوع بِثُ ُب ِ‬ ‫َتــ ْفـ َعـ َلــا ِن‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْبنِي َع َلى إلس ُك ِون فِي َم َح ِّل َر ْفع َوإلنو ُن فِي َم َح ِّل َر ْفع ف َِاعل‬ ‫َيــ ْفـ َعـ ْل َـن‬ ‫ُه َّن‬
‫الض َّم ِة َوإ ْلفَا ِع ُل َض ِمير َم ْس َتتِر َت ْق ِدي ُر ُه إَن َْت‬‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْرفُوع بِ َّ‬ ‫َتــ ْفـ َعـ ُل‬ ‫نت‬ ‫إَ َ‬
‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْرفُوع بِثُ ُب ِ‬ ‫َتــ ْفـ َعـ َلــا ِن‬ ‫إَن ُت َما‬
‫وت إلن ِون َوإ ْل َوإ ُو فِي َم َح ِّل َر ْفع ف َِاعل‬
‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْرفُوع بِثُ ُب ِ‬ ‫َتــ ْفـ َعـلُــ ْو َن‬ ‫إَن ُت ْم‬
‫وت إلن ِون َوإ ْل َيا ُء فِي َم َح ِّل َر ْفع ف َِاعل‬
‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْرفُوع بِثُ ُب ِ‬ ‫َتــ ْفـ َعــ ِلــ ْيــ َن‬ ‫نت‬ ‫إَ ِ‬
‫وت إلن ِون َوإ ْلأَلِ ُف فِي َم َح ِّل َر ْفع فَا ِعل‬ ‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْرفُوع بِثُ ُب ِ‬ ‫َتــ ْفـ َعـ َلــا ِن‬ ‫إَن ُت َما‬
‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْبنِي َع َلى إلس ُك ِون فِي َم َح ِّل َر ْفع َوإلنو ُن فِي َم َح ِّل َر ْفع فَا ِعل‬ ‫َتــ ْفـ َعـ ْلــ َن‬ ‫إَن ُت َّن‬
‫َاع ُل َض ِمير َم ْس َتتِر َت ْق ِدي ُر ُه إَ َنا‬ ‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْرفُوع بِ َّ‬ ‫إَ ْفـ َعـ ُل‬ ‫إَ َنا‬
‫َاع ُل َض ِمير َم ْس َتتِر َت ْق ِدي ُر ُه َن ْح ُن‬ ‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْرفُوع بِ َّ‬ ‫َنــ ْفـ َعـ ُل‬ ‫حن‬
‫َن ُ‬
‫إب إ ْل ِف ْع ِل إ ْل ُم َضا ِر ِع إ ْل َم ْن ُص ِ‬
‫وب‬ ‫إِ ْع َر ُ‬
‫إب إ ْل ِف ْع ِل إ ْل ُم َضا ِر ِع إ ْل َم ْن ُص ِ‬
‫وب‬ ‫إِ ْع َر ُ‬ ‫َم ْن ُصوب‬ ‫َن َو ِ‬
‫إص ُب إ ْل ُم َضا ِر ِع‬
‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْن ُصوب بِا ْل َف ْت َح ِة َوإ ْلف ِ‬
‫َاع ُل َض ِمير َم ْس َتتِر َت ْق ِدي ُر ُه ُه َو‬ ‫َيــ ْفـ َعـ َل‬ ‫َإ ْن‬ ‫ُه َو‬
‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْن ُصوب بِ َح ْذ ِف إلن ِون َوإ ْلأَلِ ُف فِي َم َح ِّل َر ْفع ف َِاعل‬ ‫َيــ ْفـ َعـ َلـــا‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫َل ْن‬
‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْن ُصوب بِ َح ْذ ِف إلن ِون َوإ ْل َوإ ُو فِي َم َح ِّل َر ْفع ف َِاعل‬ ‫َيــ ْفـ َعـلُــ ْوإ‬ ‫ُه ْم‬
‫‪+‬‬ ‫لِ َك ْي‬
‫َاع ُل َض ِمير َم ْس َت ِتر َت ْق ِدي ُر ُه ِه َي‬ ‫َتــ ْفـ َعـ َل‬ ‫ِه َي‬
‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْن ُصوب بِ َح ْذ ِف إلن ِون َوإ ْلأَلِ ُف فِي َم َح ِّل َر ْفع ف َِاعل‬ ‫َتــ ْفـ َعـ َلــا‬ ‫إِذ َْن‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْبنِي َع َلى إلس ُك ِون فِي َم َح ِّل َن ْصب َوإلنو ُن فِي َم َح ِّل َر ْفع ف َِاعل‬ ‫َيــ ْفـ َعـ ْل َـن‬ ‫ُه َّن‬
‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْن ُصوب بِا ْل َف ْت َح ِة َوإ ْلفَا ِع ُل َض ِمير َم ْس َتتِر َت ْق ِدي ُر ُه إَن َْت‬ ‫َتــ ْفـ َعـ َل‬ ‫نت‬ ‫إَ َ‬
‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْن ُصوب بِ َح ْذ ِف إلن ِون َوإ ْلأَلِ ُف فِي َم َح ِّل َر ْفع فَا ِعل‬ ‫َتــ ْفـ َعـ َلــا‬ ‫إَن ُت َما‬
‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْن ُصوب بِ َح ْذ ِف إلن ِون َوإ ْل َوإ ُو فِي َم َح ِّل َر ْفع فَا ِعل‬ ‫َتــ ْفـ َعـلُــ ْوإ‬ ‫إَن ُت ْم‬
‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْن ُصوب بِ َح ْذ ِف إلن ِون َوإ ْل َيا ُء فِي َم َح ِّل َر ْفع ف َِاعل‬ ‫َتــ ْفـ َعــ ِلـ ْـي‬ ‫نت‬ ‫إَ ِ‬
‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْن ُصوب بِ َح ْذ ِف إلن ِون َوإ ْلأَلِ ُف فِي َم َح ِّل َر ْفع ف َِاعل‬ ‫َتــ ْفـ َعـ َلــا‬ ‫إَن ُت َما‬
‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْبنِي َع َلى إلس ُك ِون فِي َم َح ِّل َن ْصب َوإلنو ُن فِي َم َح ِّل َر ْفع ف َِاعل‬ ‫َتــ ْفـ َعـ ْلــ َن‬ ‫إَن ُت َّن‬
‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْن ُصوب بِا ْل َف ْت َح ِة َوإ ْلفَا ِع ُل َض ِمير َم ْس َتتِر َت ْق ِدي ُر ُه إَ َنا‬ ‫إَ ْفـ َعـ َل‬ ‫إَ َنا‬
‫َاع ُل َض ِمير َم ْس َتتِر َت ْق ِدي ُر ُه َن ْح ُن‬ ‫َنــ ْفـ َعـ َل‬ ‫حن‬
‫َن ُ‬
‫إب إ ْل ِف ْع ِل إ ْل ُم َضا ِر ِع إ ْل َم ْج ُزو ِم‬
‫إِ ْع َر ُ‬
‫إب إ ْل ِف ْع ِل إ ْل ُم َضا ِر ِع إ ْل َم ْج ُزو ِم‬
‫إِ ْع َر ُ‬ ‫َم ْج ُزوم‬ ‫َج َوإ ِز ُم إ ْل ُم َضا ِر ِع‬
‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْج ُزوم بِالس ُك ِون َوإ ْلف ِ‬
‫َاع ُل َض ِمير َم ْس َتتِر َت ْق ِدي ُر ُه ُه َو‬ ‫َيــ ْفـ َعـ ْل‬ ‫لأ إلنَّا ِه َّي ُة‬ ‫ُه َو‬
‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْج ُزوم بِ َح ْذ ِف إلن ِون َوإ ْلأَلِ ُف فِي َم َح ِّل َر ْفع ف َِاعل‬ ‫َيــ ْفـ َعـ َلـــا‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫َل ْم‬
‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْج ُزوم بِ َح ْذ ِف إلن ِون َوإ ْل َوإ ُو فِي َم َح ِّل َر ْفع ف َِاعل‬ ‫َيــ ْفـ َعـلُــ ْوإ‬ ‫ُه ْم‬
‫‪+‬‬ ‫َل َّما‬
‫َاع ُل َض ِمير َم ْس َتتِر َت ْق ِدي ُر ُه ِه َي‬ ‫َتــ ْفـ َعـ ْل‬ ‫ِه َي‬
‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْج ُزوم بِ َح ْذ ِف إلن ِون َوإ ْلأَلِ ُف فِي َم َح ِّل َر ْفع ف َِاعل‬ ‫َتــ ْفـ َعـ َلــا‬ ‫َلأ ُم إلأَ ْم ِر‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْبنِي َع َلى إلس ُك ِون فِي َم َح ِّل َج ْزم َوإلنو ُن فِي َم َح ِّل َر ْفع ف َِاعل‬ ‫َيــ ْفـ َعـ ْل َـن‬ ‫ُه َّن‬
‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْج ُزوم بِالس ُك ِون َوإ ْلفَا ِع ُل َض ِمير َم ْس َتتِر َت ْق ِدي ُر ُه إَن َْت‬ ‫َتــ ْفـ َعـ ْل‬ ‫نت‬ ‫إَ َ‬
‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْج ُزوم بِ َح ْذ ِف إلن ِون َوإ ْلأَلِ ُف فِي َم َح ِّل َر ْفع فَا ِعل‬ ‫َتــ ْفـ َعـ َلــا‬ ‫إَن ُت َما‬
‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْج ُزوم بِ َح ْذ ِف إلن ِون َوإ ْل َوإ ُو فِي َم َح ِّل َر ْفع فَا ِعل‬ ‫َتــ ْفـ َعـلُــ ْوإ‬ ‫إَن ُت ْم‬
‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْج ُزوم بِ َح ْذ ِف إلن ِون َوإ ْل َيا ُء فِي َم َح ِّل َر ْفع ف َِاعل‬ ‫َتــ ْفـ َعــ ِلـ ْـي‬ ‫نت‬ ‫إَ ِ‬
‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْج ُزوم بِ َح ْذ ِف إلن ِون َوإ ْلأَلِ ُف فِي َم َح ِّل َر ْفع ف َِاعل‬ ‫َتــ ْفـ َعـ َلــا‬ ‫إَن ُت َما‬
‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْبنِي َع َلى إلس ُك ِون فِي َم َح ِّل َج ْزم َوإلنو ُن فِي َم َح ِّل َر ْفع ف َِاعل‬ ‫َتــ ْفـ َعـ ْلــ َن‬ ‫إَن ُت َّن‬
‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْج ُزوم بِالس ُك ِون َوإ ْلفَا ِع ُل َض ِمير َم ْس َتتِر َت ْق ِدي ُر ُه إَ َنا‬ ‫إَ ْفـ َعـ ْل‬ ‫إَ َنا‬
‫َاع ُل َض ِمير َم ْس َتتِر َت ْق ِدي ُر ُه َن ْح ُن‬ ‫َنــ ْفـ َعـ ْل‬ ‫حن‬
‫َن ُ‬
‫فِع ُل إَمر ‪Conjugation of‬‬
‫فِعل ُم َضارِع‬
‫َي ْف َع ُل‬ ‫ُه َو‬

‫َي ْف َع َل ِ‬
‫َي ْف َعلُ ْو َن‬ ‫ُه ْم‬
‫َع َلا َم ُة‬ ‫رف‬ ‫َح ُ‬ ‫َت ْف َع ُل‬ ‫ِه َي‬
‫فِع ُل إَمر‬ ‫ٱل ِفع ُل ٱلف ِ‬
‫َاع ُل ٱل َّر ِفع‬ ‫ان ٱل ُم َضا َر َع ِة‬‫َت ْف َع َل ِ‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫َي ْف َع ْل َن‬ ‫ُه َّن‬
‫‪ is only used for‬فِع ُل إَمر‬ ‫ٱِ ْف َع ْل‬ ‫ـ ْــ ‪‬‬ ‫ـ ُـ‬ ‫َت ْف َع ُل تـ ـفـ ـعـ ـ ُل‬ ‫نت‬ ‫إَ َ‬
‫ب( ‪2 person‬‬
‫‪nd‬‬
‫)ٱل ُم َخا َط ُ‬ ‫ٱِ ْف َع َلا‬ ‫َت ْف َع َل ِان تـ ـفـ ـعـ ـلـ إ ن‬ ‫إَن ُت َما‬
‫ٱِ ْف َع ُل ْوإ‬ ‫َت ْف َعلُ ْو َن تـ ـفـ ـعـ ـلـ و ن‬ ‫إَن ُت ْم‬
‫ٱِ ْف َع ِل ْي‬ ‫َت ْف َع ِل ْي َن تـ ـفـ ـعـ ـلـ ـيـ ن‬ ‫نت‬ ‫إَ ِ‬
‫ٱِ ْف َع َلا‬ ‫َت ْف َع َل ِان تـ ـفـ ـعـ ـلـ إ ن‬ ‫إَن ُت َما‬
‫ٱِ ْف َع ْل َن‬ ‫َت ْف َع ْل َن تـ ـفـ ـعـ ـلـ ن‬ ‫إَن ُت َّن‬
‫إَ ْف َع ُل‬ ‫إَ َنا‬
‫َمبنِي =‬ ‫َض ِمير ُمس َتتِر =‬ ‫َن ْف َع ُل‬ ‫حن‬
‫َن ُ‬
The Interpreted Original – ‫َم ْصدَر ُم َؤ َّول‬
I want to go – ‫إُرِي ُد إَ ْن إَ ْذ َه َب‬
‫َم ْصدَر ُم َؤ َّول‬
▪ The composite structure, ‫ إَ ْن‬followed by ‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْن ُصوب‬ ‫إَ ْن إَ ْذ َه َب‬
is called ‫ُم َؤ َّول‬ ‫َم ْصدَر‬ ‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع‬ ‫َح ْر ُف َن ْصب َو‬
‫َم ْن ُصوب بِا ْل َف ْت َح ِة‬ ‫َم ْص َدر ٍِّي‬
▪ As the name implies, a ‫ُم َؤ َّول‬ ‫ َم ْصدَر‬can be interpreted as a ‫ َم ْصدَر‬. I want the going – ‫إُرِي ُد إل َّذ َها َب‬
So the above sentence can also be written as: OR
I want my going – ‫إُرِي ُد َذ َهابِي‬
▪ Please note there are other composite structures which are referred to as ‫ُم َؤ َّول‬ ‫ َم ْصدَر‬also. We will study those later, ‫إ ْن شاء إلله‬
Qur’anic References for Sound Masculine Plural (‫إلسالِ ُم‬
َّ ‫)إ ْل َج ْم ُع إ ْل ُم َذ َّك ُر‬
‫َم ْن ُصوب‬ ‫األحزاب‬ ‫َم ْرفُوع‬ ‫المؤمنون‬
َ‫ني َوال ر ُم رؤم َِنات َوالر َقانِتني‬ َ ِ ‫ني َوال ر ُم رسل ِ َمات َوال ر ُم رؤ ِمن‬ َ ‫إ َّن ال ر ُم رسلِم‬ َ ُ ‫َ ر َرَ َ رُ ر‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ١ ‫قد أفلح المؤمِنون‬
َ َّ َ َ َّ َ َ َّ َ َ َّ َ َ َ ‫ َ ر‬Certainly will the believers have succeeded: (23:1)
‫ات‬
ِ ‫ات والصاب ِ ِرين والصابِر‬ ِ ‫ات والصادِق ِني والصادِق‬ ِ ‫والقان ِت‬
َ‫الصائمني‬ َّ ‫ِني َوال ر ُم َت َص ِّدقَات َو‬ َ ِّ‫اْلاش َعات َوال ر ُم َت َصدق‬ َ ‫ني َو ر‬ َ َ ‫َ ر‬ ‫َم ْج ُرور‬ ‫ابلقرة‬
ِِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ‫َّ َّ َ َ ر ُ ُ ُ ر َ َ ر َ ُ َ َ َ ً َ ُ واْلا ِشع‬ ‫ر‬ َ َٰ َ ُ َ َ ‫ر‬
َّ َ
َ‫اللـه‬ َّ َ َ َ‫َ ُ ُ َ ُ ر َ ر‬ ‫َ َر‬ َ َّ َ ‫ِإَوذ قال موس ل ِقو ِمهِ إِن اللـه يأمركم أن تذَبوا بقرة ۖ قالوا‬
‫ات واَّلاك ِِرين‬ ِ ‫ات واْلاف ِ ِظني فروجهم واْلاف ِظ‬ ِ ‫والصائِم‬ ‫َ َ َّ ُ َ ُ ُ ً َ َ َ ُ ُ َّ َ ر َ ُ َ َ َر‬
َ َ ً ‫َ َ َّ َّ ُ َ ُ َّ ر‬ َ
٦٧ ‫خذنا هزوا ۖ قال أعوذ بِاللـهِ أن أكون مِن اْلاهِلِني‬ ِ ‫أتت‬
ً َ ً ‫ر‬ َ َ َّ َ ً َ
٣٥ ‫ات أعد اللـه لهم مغفِرة وأجرا ع ِظيما‬ ِ ‫ كثِْيا واَّلاكِر‬And [recall] when Moses said to his people, "Indeed, Allah commands
Indeed, the Muslim men and Muslim women, the believing men and you to slaughter a cow." They said, "Do you take us in ridicule?" He
believing women, the obedient men and obedient women, the truthful said, "I seek refuge in Allah from being among the ignorant." (2:67)
men and truthful women, the patient men and patient women, the
humble men and humble women, the charitable men and charitable
‫َم ْج ُرور‬ ‫َم ْرفُوع‬ ‫آل عمران‬
َ
women, the fasting men and fasting women, the men who guard their
private parts and the women who do so, and the men who remember
َ ‫رُ ر‬ ُ َ َ ‫ر‬ َ َ ‫رُ ر ُ َ ر‬ َّ َ َّ
Allah often and the women who do so - for them Allah has prepared ٢٨ ... ۖ ‫ون المؤ ِمنِني‬
ِ ‫خ ِذ المؤمِنون الَكف ِِرين أو ِِلاء مِن د‬
ِ ‫َل يت‬
forgiveness and a great reward. (33:35)
Let not believers take disbelievers as allies rather than believers… (3:28)

Qur’anic References for ‫َان‬
َ ‫ك‬
‫اْلِساء‬ ‫ابلقرة‬
َ َ َ َٰ َ ُ َ ٌ ‫َ َ ر َ َ َ ر َ َ َ َ َ َٰ َ َ َ ر َ َ َ ُ َ ُ ر‬ ً َ َ ً َّ ُ ُ َّ َ َ
‫خرة وسع لها سعيها وهو مؤمِن فأولـئِك َكن‬ ِ ‫ومن أراد اْل‬ ٢١٣ ... ‫حدة‬ ِ ‫َكن انلاس أمة وا‬
ً ُ ‫َ ر ُ ُ َّ ر‬
١٩ ‫سعيهم مشكورا‬ Mankind was [of] one religion [before their deviation]; … (2:213)
‫ابلقرة‬
But whoever desires the Hereafter and exerts the effort due to it while
ُ‫الر َبا إن ُكنتم‬ َ َ َ َ َّ ُ َّ ُ َ َّ َ ُّ َ َ
ُ َ َ
ِّ َ َ ‫يا أيها اَّلِين آمنوا اتقوا اللـه وذروا ما ب‬
ِ ِ ‫ق مِن‬
he is a believer - it is those whose effort is ever appreciated [by Allah].
(17:19)
‫الكهف‬ ِ
ً َ ‫َ َ َ َّ ُ َ َ َٰ ُ ِّ َ ر ُّ ر‬ ٢٧٨ ‫ني‬َ ِ ‫ُّم رؤ ِمن‬
٤٥ ‫ك ش ٍء مقت ِدرا‬ ِ ‫ وَكن اللـه َع‬...
O you who have believed, fear Allah and give up what remains [due to
… And Allah is ever, over all things, Perfect in Ability. (18:45)
you] of interest, if you should be believers. (2:278)
‫الفرقان‬
‫آل عمران‬
ً َّ ً ُ َ ُ َّ َ َ َ ً َ َ َ َ َ ًّ َ ‫َ َ َ ر َ ُ َ ُ ًّ َ َ َ ر‬
ِ ‫ وَكن اللـه غفورا ر‬...
٧٠ ‫حيما‬ َٰ
ِ ‫ما َكن إِبراهِيم يهودِيا وَل نِصانِيا ولـ‬
‫كن َكن حنِيفا‬
َ ‫ُّ ر ً َ َ َ َ َ ر ُ ر‬
… and Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful, (70)
٦٧ ‫رشك ِني‬
ِ ‫مسلِما وما َكن مِن الم‬
‫َان ثَان‬
َ ‫َخ َب ُر ك‬ َ ‫َان إِ ْس ُم َك َان َخ َب ُر ك‬
‫َان‬ َ ‫ك‬ Abraham was neither a Jew nor a Christian, but he was one inclining
toward truth, a Muslim [submitting to Allah]. And he was not of the
polytheists. (3:67)
‫َم ْن ُصوب‬ ‫َم ْن ُصوب‬ ‫َم ْرفُوع‬
The Verb with One Weak Letter (‫ي‬ ‫إل ُمع َتل – )و‬
‫ُمع َتل إل َّلا ِم‬ ِ‫ُمع َتل إ ْل َعين‬ ‫ُمع َتل إ ْلفَا ِء‬
‫ص‬ ُ ‫إلنَّ ِاق‬ ‫إلأَج َو ُف‬ ُ‫إل ِم َثال‬
(Original) Changed )‫َد َعا ( َد َعـ َو‬ ) َ‫قَالَ ( َقـ َول‬ ‫َو َج َد‬
)‫َعفَا ( َع َفـ َو‬ )‫َنا َم ( َنـ ِو َم‬ ‫َو َق َف‬ ‫إل َوإ ِو ُي‬
)‫َت َلا ( َت َلـ َو‬ )‫َان ( َكـ َو َن‬ َ ‫ك‬ ‫َو َه َب‬
)‫َب َكى ( َب َك َـي‬ )‫َسا َر ( َسـ َيـ َر‬ َ ‫َيــ ِئ‬

‫س‬
)‫َهدَى ( َه َد َي‬ )‫َبا َع ( َبـ َيـ َع‬ ‫س‬َ ‫َيــ ِب‬ ‫إل َيائِي‬
‫َن ِس َـي‬ )‫كَالَ ( َكـ َيـ َل‬ ‫َيــ َت َم‬
These undergo various

These do not undergo
changes, as described in the
any change
next sections

Understanding Changes in ‫إل ُمع َتل‬
1 ‫إَ ْمر‬ ‫ُم َضارِع‬ ٍ‫َما‬
َ‫قَال‬ َ‫َق َول‬
‫َم ْج ُزوم‬ ‫َم ْن ُصوب‬ ‫َم ْرفُوع‬
‫ْــ ْـ‬
Explanation of how the following pages
2
‫قُ ْل َن‬ ‫ َن َق ْا ْل َن َق ْل َن‬+ َ‫َق ْال‬
describe the changes in weak letter verbs ‫ َي ُق ْل‬5 َ‫َيقُول‬ ‫ َيقُو ُل‬3 َ‫ قَال‬1 ‫ُه َو‬
ْ‫َيقُو َلأ‬ ْ‫َيقُو َلأ‬ ‫َيقُو َلأْ ِن‬ ‫قَا َلـ ْا‬ ‫ُه َما‬
• For verbs in ‫َن َص َر‬ ‫ َباب‬, the ‫ف َكلِ َمة‬
‫ولُ ْوإ‬that ‫َي ُقولُ ْوإ‬has undergone.
‫ َي ُقولُ ْو َن‬This‫ـ ْوإ‬change
Number label represent a certain change
is changed to get a ‫ض َّمة‬ َ
‫ َي ُق‬the verb ُ‫قَال‬ ‫ُه ْم‬
• For verbs NOT in ‫ َباب َن َص َر‬, the ‫ َت ُق ْل‬is thenlabel
َ‫تقُول‬on َ the left ‫ َت‬side‫قَا َل ْت‬
‫قُو ُل‬hand
described by the same number
‫ِه َي‬
ِ ‫إِلتِقَا ُء إلسا‬,
Indicates ِ‫ك َنين‬
‫ ف َكلِ َمة‬is changed to get aَّ ‫َس َرة‬ ‫ك‬ ْ‫َتقُو َلأ‬ ْ‫َتقُو َلأ‬ ‫َتقُو َلأْ ِن‬ ‫قَا َل َتـ ْا‬ ‫ُه َما‬
3
‫َي ُقو ُل‬
resulting in weak letter
َ‫َي ْق ُول‬ to be dropped ‫َي ُقإل ْلف َ ِنَاع ُل َي ُق ْل َن‬ ‫ َي ُق ْل َن‬4 ‫ ق َُلــن‬2 ‫ُه َّن‬
‫ْــ ْـ‬ ‫ قُ ْل‬6 ‫َت ُق ْل‬ َ‫َتقُول‬
ِ
‫َتقُو ُل‬ ‫ُلــت‬ َ ‫إَن َْت ق‬
‫ َن َي ُق ْو ْل َن َي ُق ْل َن‬+ ُ‫َي ُق ْول‬ ْ‫ َتقُو َلأ‬thatْ‫ إل َتفقَاعُو َل ُلأ‬attached
4 ْ‫ قُو َلأ‬Indicates ‫ن‬ ِ ْ‫َتقُو َلأ‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َما قُلــ ُت َما‬
to the verb is ‫ح ِّرك‬ ‫ت‬
َ َُ‫م‬
‫ْــ ْـ‬ ‫قُولُ ْوإ‬ ‫َت ُقولُ ْوإ‬ ‫َت ُقولُ ْوإ‬ ‫َت ُقولُ ْو َن‬ ‫قُلــ ُت ْم‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت ْم‬
5
‫َي ُق ْو ْل َي ُق ْل‬ ‫قُولِ ْي‬ ‫َتقُو لِ ْي َن َتقُو لِ ْي َتقُو لِ ْي‬ ‫ُلــت‬ ِ ‫إَن ِْت ق‬
‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ ْــ‬ ْ‫قُو َلأ‬ ْ‫َتقُو َلأ‬ ْ‫َتقُو َلأ‬ ‫َتقُو َلأْ ِن‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َما قُلــ ُت َما‬
ْْ
Original -
‫إَ َتــ‬
‫ قُ ْو ْل‬‫صل ُق ْو ُل َتــ ُق ْو ُل‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َّن قُلــ ُت َّن َت ُق ْل َن‬
6Changed
‫قُ ْل‬ ‫قُ ْل َن‬ ‫َت ُق ْل َن‬ ‫َت ُق ْل َن‬
• No ِ‫ َهم َز ُة إل َوصل‬is needed ‫إَقُ ْل‬ َ‫إَقُول‬ ‫إَقُو ُل‬ ‫ُلــت‬
ُ ‫ق‬ ‫إَ َنا‬
Small circle with the same color as the numbered
because ‫ ف َكلِ َمة‬is not ‫كن‬ ِ ‫َسا‬ ‫ َن ُق ْل‬the verbَ‫قُول‬has
label, shows ‫ َن‬undergone ‫ َنقُو ُل‬the same ‫ قُلــ َنا‬change ‫َن ْح ُن‬
‫ي* ‪Changes in‬‬
‫إل َوإ ِو ُ‬ ‫‪ – Ex:‬إل ِم َثالُ ( ُمع َتل إلفَا ِء)‬ ‫َي ِق ُ‬
‫ف ( َباب َض َر َب)‬ ‫وَ َق َف‬
‫إَ ْمر‬ ‫ُم َضارِع‬ ‫َماٍ‬
‫َي ْو ِق ُف َي ِق ُف‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫َم ْج ُزوم‬ ‫َم ْن ُصوب‬ ‫َم ْرفُوع‬
‫َي ِق ْف‬ ‫َي ِق َف‬ ‫‪َ 1‬ي ِق ُف‬ ‫َوق ََف‬ ‫ُه َو‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫ـ ْــ‬ ‫َي ِق َف ْا‬ ‫َي ِق َف ْا‬ ‫َي ِق َف ْا ِن‬ ‫َو َق َف ْا‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫ِق ْف‬ ‫َتــ ِق ُف َتــ ِق ُف‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫َي ِق ُف ْوإ‬ ‫َي ِق ُف ْوإ‬ ‫َي ِق ُف ْو َن‬ ‫َو َقفُـ ْوإ‬ ‫ُه ْم‬
‫‪No‬‬ ‫‪َ is needed because‬هم َز ُة إل َوصلِ‬ ‫َت ِق ْف‬ ‫َت ِق َف‬ ‫َت ِق ُف‬ ‫َت‬ ‫َو َقف ْ‬ ‫ِه َي‬
‫كن ‪the first letter is not‬‬ ‫َسا ِ‬ ‫َت ِق َف ْا‬ ‫َت ِق َف ْا‬ ‫َت ِق َف ْا ِن‬ ‫َو َقفَـ َت ْا‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫َي ِق ْف َن‬ ‫َي ِق ْف َن‬ ‫َي ِق ْف َن‬ ‫َو َق ْفــ َن‬ ‫ُه َّن‬
‫ِق ْف‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫َت ِق ْف‬ ‫َت ِق َف‬ ‫َت ِق ُف‬ ‫َو َق ْفـ َت‬ ‫إَن َْت‬
‫ِق َف ْا‬ ‫َت ِق َف ْا‬ ‫َت ِق َف ْا‬ ‫َت ِق َف ْا ِن‬ ‫َو َق ْفـ ُت َما‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َما‬
‫ِق ُف ْوإ‬ ‫َت ِق ُف ْوإ‬ ‫َت ِق ُف ْوإ‬ ‫َت ِق ُف ْو َن‬ ‫َو َق ْفـ ُت ْم‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت ْم‬
‫ِق ِف ْي‬ ‫َت ِق ِف ْي‬ ‫َت ِق ِف ْي‬ ‫َت ِق ِف ْي َن‬ ‫َو َق ْفـ ِت‬ ‫إَن ِْت‬
‫ِق َف ْا‬ ‫َت ِق َف ْا‬ ‫َت ِق َف ْا‬ ‫َت ِق َف ْا ِن‬ ‫َو َق ْفـ ُت َما‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َما‬
‫إل ِم َثالُ إل َوإو ُِي ‪* These changes are for‬‬ ‫ِق ْف َن‬ ‫َت ِق ْف َن‬ ‫َت ِق ْف َن‬ ‫َت ِق ْف َن‬ ‫َو َق ْفـ ُت َّن‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َّن‬
‫إل َيائ ِ ُي ‪only. Its counterpart‬‬ ‫‪ does‬إل ِم َثالُ‬ ‫إَ ِق ْف‬ ‫إَ ِق َف‬ ‫إَ ِق ُف‬ ‫َو َق ْفـ ُت‬ ‫إَ َنا‬
‫‪not undergo any change.‬‬
‫َن ِق ْف‬ ‫َن ِق َف‬ ‫َن ِق ُف‬ ‫َو َق ْفـ َنا‬ ‫َن ْح ُن‬
Qur’anic References for ُ‫ إ ْل ِم َثال‬- ‫ُم ْع َتل إ ْلفَا ِء‬
‫ُم َضارِع َم ْرفُوع‬ ‫ُم َضارِع َم ْرفُوع‬ ‫ابلقرة‬ ‫ُم َضارِع َم ْرفُوع‬ ‫طه‬
ُ ُ َ ُ َّ َ ِ َ ‫ر َ ر‬ ُ ُ ُ ‫َّ ر َ ُ َ ُ ُ ُ ر َ ر َ َ َ ر‬ ُ ِّ َ َّ ً َ ُ ‫ر َ َ َٰ َ ً َ َ َ َ ر ر ُ ُ ِّ َ ر‬
‫إِذ رأى نارا فقال ِألهلِهِ امكثوا إ ِ ِِن آنست نارا لع ِل آتِيكم‬
‫الشيطان يعِدكم الفقر ويأمركم بِالفحشاء ۖ واللـه يعِدكم‬
ٌ َ ٌ َ ُ َّ َ ً ‫َّ ر َ ً ِّ ر ُ َ َ ر‬ ً ُ َّ َ َ ُ َ ‫ِّ ِ ر َ َ َ َ ر‬
٢٦٨ ‫مغفِرة ِمنه وفضًل ۗ واللـه وا ِسع علِيم‬ ١٠ ‫جد َع انلارِ هدى‬ ِ ‫منها بِقب ٍس أو أ‬
Satan threatens you with poverty and orders you to immorality, while When he saw a fire and said to his family, "Stay here; indeed, I have
Allah promises you forgiveness from Him and bounty. And Allah is all- perceived a fire; perhaps I can bring you a torch or find at the fire some
Encompassing and Knowing. (2:268) guidance." (20:10)
‫إَ ْمر‬ ‫األنعام‬ ‫ُم َضارِع َم ْج ُزوم‬ ‫الضىح‬
‫اَّلنر َيا ۚ َو َذ ِّكِرر‬ َ ‫ِين ُه رم لَ ِع ًبا َول َ ره ًوا َو َغ َّرتر ُه ُم ر‬
ُّ ُ‫اْل َياة‬ َّ َ َّ َ َ
َ ‫اَتَ ُذوا د‬ ‫وذرِ اَّلِين‬ َ َ ً َ َ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ر‬ َ َ
َٰ ‫َيدك يتِيما فآو‬
٦‫ى‬ ِ ‫ألم‬
‫ر‬ َ َ َ َ ٌ ‫َ ُر َ َ َر‬
٧٠ ... ‫بِهِ أن تبسل نفس بِما كسبت‬ Did He not find you an orphan and give [you] refuge? (93:6)
And leave those who take their religion as amusement and diversion and
‫إَ ْمر‬ ‫الفرقان‬
ُ‫ب َنلَا م رِن أَ رز َواج َنا َو ُذ ِّر َّيات َِنا قُ َّرةَ أَ رعني‬ َ ُ ُ َ َ َّ َ
whom the worldly life has deluded. But remind with the Qur'an, lest a
soul be given up to destruction for what it earned; … (6:70) ‫ون َر َّب َنا َه ر‬ ‫واَّلِين يقول‬
‫ُم َضارِع َم ْرفُوع‬ ٍ ِ ِ
‫مريم‬
ً َ َ َّ ُ ‫َ ر َ رَ ر‬
ًّ َ ِّ َ ُ ‫َ رُ َ َ ر َر‬ ‫ر‬ ُ ََ ُ َ ٧٤ ‫واجعلنا ل ِلمت ِقني إِماما‬
٦ ‫ضيا‬ ِ ‫بر‬ِ ‫ي ِرث ِِن وي ِرث مِن آ ِل يعقوب ۖ واجعله ر‬ And those who say, "Our Lord, grant us from among our wives and
Who will inherit me and inherit from the family of Jacob. And make him, offspring comfort to our eyes and make us an example for the
my Lord, pleasing [to You]." (19:6) righteous." (25:74)

‫ين) ‪Changes in‬‬
‫إل َع ِ‬ ‫قَالَ َيقُولُ ( َباب َن َص َر) ‪ – Ex:‬إلأَج َو ُف ( ُمع َتل‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫إَ ْمر‬ ‫ُم َضارِع‬ ‫َماٍ‬
‫قَالَ‬ ‫َق َولَ‬
‫ْــ ْـ‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫قُ ْل َن‬ ‫َق ْالَ ‪َ +‬ن َق ْا ْل َن َق ْل َن‬ ‫َيقُولَ ‪َ 5‬ي ُق ْل‬ ‫‪ 1‬قَالَ ‪َ 3‬يقُو ُل‬ ‫ُه َو‬
‫َيقُو َلأْ‬ ‫َيقُو َلأْ‬ ‫َيقُو َلأْ ِن‬ ‫قَا َلـ ْا‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫َن َص َر ‪• For verbs in‬‬ ‫‪ is‬ف َكلِ َمة ‪َ , the‬باب‬
‫ض َّمة ‪changed to get a‬‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َي ُقولُ ْوإ‬ ‫َي ُقولُ ْوإ‬ ‫َي ُقولُ ْو َن‬ ‫قَالُـ ْوإ‬ ‫ُه ْم‬
‫•‬ ‫ف ‪َ , the‬باب َن َص َر ‪For verbs NOT in‬‬ ‫َت ُق ْل‬ ‫َتقُولَ‬ ‫َتقُو ُل‬ ‫قَا َل ْت‬ ‫ِه َي‬
‫كَس َرة ‪َ is changed to get a‬كلِ َمة‬ ‫َتقُو َلأْ‬ ‫َتقُو َلأْ‬ ‫َتقُو َلأْ ِن‬ ‫قَا َل َتـ ْا‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫َي ْق ُولُ َي ُقو ُل‬ ‫َي ُق ْل َن‬ ‫َي ُق ْل َن‬ ‫‪ 2‬قُلــ َن ‪َ 4‬ي ُق ْل َن‬ ‫ُه َّن‬
‫‪ 6‬قُ ْل‬ ‫َت ُق ْل‬ ‫َتقُولَ‬ ‫َتقُو ُل‬ ‫قُلــ َت‬ ‫إَن َْت‬
‫ْــ ْـ‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫َي ُق ْو ْل َن َي ُق ْل َن‬ ‫َي ُق ْو ُل‪َ +‬ن‬ ‫قُو َلأْ‬ ‫َتقُو َلأْ‬ ‫َتقُو َلأْ‬ ‫َتقُو َلأْ ِن‬ ‫قُلــ ُت َما‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َما‬
‫ْــ ْـ‬ ‫قُولُ ْوإ‬ ‫َت ُقولُ ْوإ‬ ‫َت ُقولُ ْوإ‬ ‫َت ُقولُ ْو َن‬ ‫قُلــ ُت ْم‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت ْم‬
‫‪5‬‬
‫َي ُق ْو ْل َي ُق ْل‬ ‫قُولِ ْي‬ ‫َتقُو لِ ْي َتقُو لِ ْي‬ ‫َتقُو لِ ْي َن‬ ‫قُلــ ِت‬ ‫إَن ِْت‬
‫ْــ ْـ‬ ‫‪ ‬ـ ْــ‬ ‫قُو َلأْ‬ ‫َتقُو َلأْ‬ ‫َتقُو َلأْ‬ ‫َتقُو َلأْ ِن‬ ‫قُلــ ُت َما‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َما‬
‫‪6‬‬
‫قُ ْل‬ ‫قُ ْو ْل‬ ‫َتــ ُق ْو ُل َتــ ُق ْو ُل‬ ‫قُ ْل َن‬ ‫َت ُق ْل َن‬ ‫َت ُق ْل َن‬ ‫َت ُق ْل َن‬ ‫قُلــ ُت َّن‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َّن‬
‫‪No‬‬ ‫‪َ is needed because the‬هم َز ُة إل َوصلِ‬ ‫إَقُ ْل‬ ‫إَقُولَ‬ ‫إَقُو ُل‬ ‫قُلــ ُت‬ ‫إَ َنا‬
‫كن ‪first letter is not‬‬ ‫َسا ِ‬
‫َن ُق ْل‬ ‫َنقُولَ‬ ‫َنقُو ُل‬ ‫قُلــ َنا‬ ‫َن ْح ُن‬
ِ ‫إلأَج َو ُف ( ُمع َتل إل َع‬
Qur’anic References for )‫ين) ( َباب َن َص َر‬
‫إَ ْمر‬ ‫الكهف‬ ٍ‫َما‬ ‫ابلقرة‬
‫ر‬ ُ ُ ‫ُ ر َّ َ َ َ َ َ ٌ ِّ ِ ر‬ ‫َ َ َ َ َ ُ َّ ر َ َ َ َ ر َ ر‬
َ‫ك ََب‬ َٰ ُ ُ ‫ر‬ َ َ َ‫ر ُ رَ ر‬
١١٠ ... ‫قل إِنما أنا برش مثلكم‬ ‫ِإَوذ قلنا ل ِلمًلئِكةِ اسجدوا ِْلدم فسجدوا إَِل إِبلِيس أب واست‬
َ َ ‫ََ َ َ ر‬
٣٤ ‫وَكن مِن الَكف ِِرين‬
Say, "I am only a man like you … (18:110)
‫إَ ْمر‬ ‫اْلوبة‬

ُ ُ َ َ َّ ُ َّ ُ َ َ َّ َ ُّ َ َ
And [mention] when We said to the angels, "Prostrate before Adam"; so they
َ َّ َ َ
١١٩ ‫يا أيها اَّلِين آمنوا اتقوا اللـه وكونوا مع الصادِق ِني‬
prostrated, except for Iblees. He refused and was arrogant and became of the
disbelievers. (2:34)
ٍ‫َما‬ ‫المائدة‬
ُ َ ‫َ َ ُّ َ َّ َ َ ُ َ ُ ر ُ ر َ َّ َ ِ َ ر ُ ُ ُ َ ُ ر َ َ ر‬
O you who have believed, fear Allah and be with those who are
true. (9:119) ‫كمر‬ ‫سلوا وجوهكم وأي ِدي‬ ِ ‫يا أيها اَّلِين آمنوا إِذا قمتم إَِل الصًلة فاغ‬
‫ُم َضارِع َم ْرفُوع‬ ‫إَ ْمر‬ ‫ابلقرة‬
ُ ُ َ َ ُ ُ َ ُ ُ َ َ َّ َ ً ‫َ َ َ َٰ َ ر‬ ‫ُ ر ََر ُ َ ُ ر َ ر َ رَر‬ ُ ُ ُ َ ‫ر‬ َ َ َ ‫َ ر‬
١١٧ ‫ ِإَوذا قض أمرا فإِنما يقول َل كن فيكون‬... ٦ ... ۚ ‫ني‬
ِ ‫إَِل المراف ِِق وامسحوا بِرءو ِسكم وأرجلكم إَِل الكعب‬
O you who have believed, when you rise to [perform] prayer, wash your faces and
When He decrees a matter, He only says to it, "Be," and it is. your forearms to the elbows and wipe over your heads and wash your feet to the
(2:117) ankles … (5:6)
‫إَ ْمر‬ ‫ُم َضارِع َم ْرفُوع‬ ‫آل عمران‬ ‫ُم َضارِع َم ْج ُزوم‬ ‫الكهف‬
‫ََُ ُ ُ ُ َ َ َ ر‬ ً ‫ر‬ َ َ َ َ ‫ر‬ َ َ َ َّ ‫ر‬ ُ َ ‫َ َ ََر‬
١٨١ ‫يق‬ َ ٧٢ ‫ع صَبا‬ َ ِ ‫قال ألم أقل إِنك لن تست ِطيع م‬
ِ ‫ ونقول ذوقوا عذاب اْل ِر‬...
and will say, "Taste the punishment of the Burning Fire. (3:181) He said, "Did I not say that with me you would never be able to have patience?"
(18:72)

‫إل َع ِ‬ ‫َبا َع َيـ ِبـي ُع ( َباب َض َر َب) ‪ – Ex:‬إلأَج َو ُف ( ُمع َتل‬
‫َبا َع‬ ‫َب َي َع‬
‫ْــ ْـ‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫بِ ْع َن‬ ‫َب ْا َع‪َ +‬ن َب ْا ْع َن َب ْع َن‬ ‫‪َ 5‬يـ ِب ْـع‬ ‫َيـ ِبـ ْي َـع‬ ‫‪َ 3‬يـ ِبـ ْيـ ُع‬ ‫‪َ 1‬با َع‬ ‫ُه َو‬
‫َي ِبي َع ْا‬ ‫َي ِبي َع ْا‬ ‫َي ِبي َع ْا ِن‬ ‫َبا َعـ ْا‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫ض َّمة ‪changed to get a‬‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َي ِبي ُع ْوإ‬ ‫َي ِبي ُع ْوإ‬ ‫َي ِبي ُع ْو َن‬ ‫َبا ُعـ ْوإ‬ ‫ُه ْم‬
‫•‬ ‫ف ‪َ , the‬باب َن َص َر ‪For verbs NOT in‬‬ ‫َت ِب ْـع‬ ‫َت ِب َيع‬ ‫َت ِبي ُع‬ ‫َبا َع ْت‬ ‫ِه َي‬
‫كَس َرة ‪َ is changed to get a‬كلِ َمة‬ ‫َت ِبي َع ْا‬ ‫َت ِبي َع ْا‬ ‫َت ِبي َع ْا ِن‬ ‫َبا َع َتـ ْا‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫ــع َيـ ِبـ ْي ُـع‬
‫َيـ ْبـ ِي ُ‬ ‫َي ِب ْع َن‬ ‫َي ِب ْع َن‬ ‫‪َ 4‬ي ِب ْع َن‬ ‫‪ 2‬بِ ْعــ َن‬ ‫ُه َّن‬
‫‪ 6‬بِ ْ‬
‫ــع‬ ‫َت ِب ْـع‬ ‫َت ِب َيع‬ ‫َت ِبي ُع‬ ‫بِ ْعــ َت‬ ‫إَن َْت‬
‫ْــ ْـ‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫َي ِب ْي ْع َن َي ِب ْع َن‬ ‫َي ِب ْي ُع‪َ +‬ن‬ ‫بِـي َع ْا‬ ‫َت ِبي َع ْا‬ ‫َت ِبي َع ْا‬ ‫َت ِبي َع ْا ِن‬ ‫بِ ْعــ ُت َما‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َما‬
‫ْــ ْـ‬ ‫بِـي ُع ْوإ‬ ‫َت ِبي ُع ْوإ‬ ‫َت ِبي ُع ْوإ‬ ‫َت ِبي ُع ْو َن‬ ‫بِ ْعــ ُت ْم‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت ْم‬
‫‪5‬‬
‫َيـ ِبـ ْي ْـع َيـ ِب ْـع‬ ‫بِـي ِعـي‬ ‫َت ِبي ِعـي‬ ‫َت ِبي ِعـي‬ ‫َت ِبي ِعـيـ َن‬ ‫بِ ْعــ ِت‬ ‫إَن ِْت‬
‫ْــ ْـ‬ ‫‪ ‬ـ ْــ‬ ‫بِـي َع ْا‬ ‫َت ِبي َع ْا‬ ‫َت ِبي َع ْا‬ ‫َت ِبي َع ْا ِن‬ ‫بِ ْعــ ُت َما‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َما‬
‫‪6‬‬
‫بِـ ْي ْع بِ ْ‬
‫ــع‬ ‫َتـ ِبـ ْي ُع َتـ ِبـ ْي ُع‬ ‫بِ ْع َن‬ ‫َت ِب ْع َن‬ ‫َت ِب ْع َن‬ ‫َت ِب ْع َن‬ ‫بِ ْعــ ُت َّن‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َّن‬
‫‪No‬‬ ‫‪َ is needed because the‬هم َز ُة إل َوصلِ‬ ‫إَبِ ْـع‬ ‫إَبِ َيع‬ ‫إَبِي ُع‬ ‫بِ ْعــ ُت‬ ‫إَ َنا‬
‫كن ‪first letter is not‬‬ ‫َسا ِ‬
‫َن ِب ْـع‬ ‫َن ِب َيع‬ ‫َن ِبي ُع‬ ‫بِ ْعــ َنا‬ ‫َن ْح ُن‬
‫إل َع ِ‬ ‫َنا َم َيـ َنا ُم ( َباب َس ِم َع) ‪ – Ex:‬إلأَج َو ُف ( ُمع َتل‬
‫َنا َم‬ ‫َن ِو َم‬
‫ْــ ْـ‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫َن ْا َم‪َ +‬ن َن ْا ْم َن َن ْم َن نِ ْم َن‬ ‫‪َ 5‬يـ َنـ ْم‬ ‫َيـ َنـا َم‬ ‫‪َ 3‬يـ َنـا ُم‬ ‫‪َ 1‬نا َم‬ ‫ُه َو‬
‫َي َنا َم ْا‬ ‫َي َنا َم ْا‬ ‫َي َنا َم ْا ِن‬ ‫َنا َمـ ْا‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫ض َّمة ‪changed to get a‬‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َي َنا ُم ْوإ‬ ‫َي َنا ُم ْوإ‬ ‫َي َنا ُم ْو َن‬ ‫َنا ُمـ ْوإ‬ ‫ُه ْم‬
‫•‬ ‫ف ‪َ , the‬باب َن َص َر ‪For verbs NOT in‬‬ ‫َتـ َنـ ْم‬ ‫َتـ َنـا َم‬ ‫َتـ َنـا ُم‬ ‫َنا َم ْت‬ ‫ِه َي‬
‫كَس َرة ‪َ is changed to get a‬كلِ َمة‬ ‫َتـ َنا َم ْا‬ ‫َتـ َنا َم ْا‬ ‫َتـ َنا َم ْا ِن‬ ‫َنا َم َتـ ْا‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫َيـ َنـا ُم‬ ‫َيـ ْنـ َو ُم‬ ‫َي َن ْم َن‬ ‫َي َن ْم َن‬ ‫‪َ 4‬ي َن ْم َن‬ ‫‪ 2‬نِ ْمـ َن‬ ‫ُه َّن‬
‫‪َ 6‬ن ْم‬ ‫َتـ َنـ ْم‬ ‫َتـ َنـا َم‬ ‫َتـ َنـا ُم‬ ‫نِ ْمــ َت‬ ‫إَن َْت‬
‫ْــ ْـ‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫َي َن ْم َن‬ ‫َي َن ْا ْم َن‬ ‫َيـ َنـ ْا ُم‪َ +‬ن‬ ‫َنا َم ْا‬ ‫َتـ َنا َم ْا‬ ‫َتـ َنا َم ْا‬ ‫َتـ َنا َم ْا ِن‬ ‫نِ ْمــ ُت َما‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َما‬
‫ْــ ْـ‬ ‫َنا ُم ْوإ‬ ‫َتـ َنا ُم ْوإ‬ ‫َتـ َنا ُم ْوإ‬ ‫َتـ َنا ُم ْو َن‬ ‫نِ ْمــ ُت ْم‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت ْم‬
‫‪5‬‬
‫َيـ َنـ ْم‬ ‫َيـ َنـ ْا ْم‬ ‫َن ِامـي‬ ‫َتـ َنا ِمـي‬ ‫َتـ َنا ِمـي‬ ‫َتـ َنا ِمـيـ َن‬ ‫نِ ْمــ ِت‬ ‫إَن ِْت‬
‫ْــ ْـ‬ ‫‪ ‬ـ ْــ‬ ‫َنا َم ْا‬ ‫َتـ َنا َم ْا‬ ‫َتـ َنا َم ْا‬ ‫َتـ َنا َم ْا ِن‬ ‫نِ ْمــ ُت َما‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َما‬
‫‪6‬‬
‫َن ْم‬ ‫َنـ ْا ْم‬ ‫َتـ َنـ ْا ُم َتـ َنـ ْا ُم‬ ‫َن ْم َن‬ ‫َتـ َن ْم َن‬ ‫َتـ َن ْم َن‬ ‫َتـ َن ْم َن‬ ‫نِ ْمــ ُت َّن‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َّن‬
‫‪No‬‬ ‫‪َ is needed because the‬هم َز ُة إل َوصلِ‬ ‫إَ َنـ ْم‬ ‫إَ َنـا َم‬ ‫إَ َنـا ُم‬ ‫نِ ْمــ ُت‬ ‫إَ َنا‬
‫َسا ِ‬
‫كن ‪first letter is not‬‬
‫َنـ َنـ ْم‬ ‫َنـ َنـا َم‬ ‫َنـ َنـا ُم‬ ‫نِ ْمــ َنا‬ ‫َن ْح ُن‬
ِ ‫إلأَج َو ُف ( ُمع َتل إل َع‬
Qur’anic References for )‫ين) ( َباب َس ِم َع‬
‫ُم َضارِع َم ْج ُزوم‬ ‫طه‬ ٍ‫َما‬ ‫هود‬
َ َ َ ُ َ ‫َ َ َ َ َ َ َّ َ َ ُ َ َ ر‬ َ ‫َ َ َ َ ً ِّ َ ر َ َ َ َ َ ر‬ َّ
َٰ
٤٦ ‫قال َل َتافا ۖ إِن ِِن معكما أسمع وأرى‬ ِ
١٠٣ ... ۚ ‫خرة‬ ِ َٰ
ِ ‫إِن ِِف ذل ِك ْلية لمن خاف عذاب اْل‬
He said: "Fear not: for I am with you: I hear and see (everything). Indeed in that is a sign for those who fear the punishment of the Hereafter…
(20:46) (11:103)
‫ُم َضارِع َم ْرفُوع ُم َضارِع َم ْن ُصوب‬ ‫اَلنسان‬ ٍ‫َما‬ ‫ابلقرة‬
ً‫ـه ََك َن َعلِيما‬ َّ َّ ُ َّ َ َ َ َ َّ َ ُ َ َ َ َ
َ ‫الل‬ ً َ‫َ ر رُر َ َ ً َر ُ ر‬
‫وما تشاءون إَِل أن يشاء اللـه ۚ إِن‬ ٢٣٩ ... ۖ ‫خفتم ف ِرجاَل أو ركبانا‬
ِ ‫فإِن‬
ً ‫َحك‬
٣٠ ‫ِيما‬
And if you fear [an enemy, then pray] on foot or riding … (2:239)
And you do not will except that Allah wills. Indeed, Allah is ever ‫ُم َضارِع َم ْرفُوع‬ ‫طه‬
Knowing and Wise. (76:30)
ً ‫َ َُ ُ ر ٌ ََ ََ ُ ُ رً ََ َ ر‬ َ َّ َ ‫ََ َ رَر‬
١١٢ ‫ات وهو مؤمِن فًل ُياف ظلما وَل هضما‬ ِ ‫ومن يعمل مِن الص‬
ِ ‫اْل‬
ٍ‫َما‬ ‫اَلنسان‬
َ ‫َّ ر ُ َ َ ر َ ُ ر َ َ َ ر َ َ ر َ ُ ر‬
َ‫ِإَوذا ِشئر َنا بَ َّد رنلا‬
But he who does of righteous deeds while he is a believer - he will neither fear
ۖ ‫َنن خلقناهم وشددنا أِسهم‬

injustice nor deprivation. (20:112)
ً ‫َ ر َ َُ ر َ ر‬
‫ُم َضارِع َم ْج ُزوم‬ ‫طه‬
٢٨ ‫أمثالهم تب ِديًل‬ َ ُ‫َََ ر‬ َ ُ ُ َ ‫َ َ ُ ر َ ََ ََر‬
َٰ
٢١ ‫قال خذها وَل َتف ۖ سنعِيدها ِسْيتها األول‬
We have created them and strengthened their forms, and
when We will, We can change their likenesses with [complete] (Allah) said, "Seize it, and fear not: We shall return it at once to its former
alteration. (76:28) condition".. (20:21)

‫إل َّلا ِم) ‪Changes in‬‬ ‫ص ( ُمع َتل‬ ‫ِ‬
‫‪َ – 1 of 2‬د َعا َيـد ُعو ( َباب َن َص َر) ‪ – Ex:‬إلنَّا ُ‬
‫ق‬
‫َد َعا‬ ‫َد َع َو‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫َد َع َوإ‬ ‫َد َع َو ‪ +‬إ‬ ‫‪َ 8‬يـد ُع‬ ‫َيـد ُع َو‬ ‫‪َ 5‬يـد ُعو‬ ‫‪َ 1‬د َعا‬ ‫ُه َو‬
‫‪The original‬‬ ‫‪ reappears‬ل َكلِ َمة‬ ‫َيد ُع َو ْإ‬ ‫َيد ُع َو ْإ‬ ‫َيد ُع َو ْإ ِن‬ ‫‪َ 2‬د َع َو ْإ‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫َيد ُع ْوإ‬ ‫َيد ُع ْوإ‬ ‫‪َ 6‬يد ُع ْو َن‬ ‫‪َ 3‬د َع ْوإ‬ ‫ُه ْم‬
‫َد َع ْوإ‬ ‫َد َعـ ُو ْو‬ ‫َد َعـ َو‪ْ +‬و‬ ‫َتـد ُع‬ ‫َتـد ُع َو‬ ‫َتـد ُعو‬ ‫‪َ 4‬د َع ْت‬ ‫ِه َي‬
‫‪ is dropped‬ل َكلِ َمة‬
‫‪The original‬‬
‫َتد ُع َو ْإ‬ ‫َتد ُع َو ْإ‬ ‫َتد ُع َو ْإ ِن‬ ‫َد َع َتـ ْا‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫ْــ ْـ‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫َد َع ْت‬ ‫َد َع ْا‪ْ +‬ت َد َع ْا ْت‬ ‫َيد ُعو َن‬ ‫َيد ُعو َن‬ ‫َيد ُعو َن‬ ‫َد َع ْو َن‬ ‫ُه َّن‬
‫‪ 9‬إُد ُع‬ ‫َتـد ُع‬ ‫َتـد ُع َو‬ ‫َتـد ُعو‬ ‫َد َع ْو َت‬ ‫إَن َْت‬
‫‪5‬‬
‫َيـد ُعو‬ ‫َيـد ُع ُو‬ ‫إُد ُع َو ْإ‬ ‫َتد ُع َو ْإ‬ ‫َتد ُع َو ْإ‬ ‫َتد ُع َو ْإ ِن‬ ‫َد َع ْوتُ َما‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َما‬
‫ض َّمة ‪The‬‬
‫‪َ on the‬‬ ‫‪ is dropped‬ل َكلِ َمة‬ ‫إُد ُع ْوإ‬ ‫َتد ُع ْوإ‬ ‫َتد ُع ْوإ‬ ‫َتد ُع ْو َن‬ ‫َد َع ْوتُ ْم‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت ْم‬
‫‪6‬‬ ‫دع ْي‬ ‫إُ ِ‬ ‫َتد ِع ْي‬ ‫َتد ِع ْي‬ ‫‪َ 7‬تد ِع ْي َن‬ ‫َد َع ْو ِت‬ ‫إَن ِْت‬
‫َيد ُع ُو‪ْ +‬و‪َ +‬ن َيد ُع ُو ْو َن َيد ُع ْو َن‬ ‫إُد ُع َو ْإ‬ ‫َتد ُع َو ْإ‬ ‫َتد ُع َو ْإ‬ ‫َتد ُع َو ْإ ِن‬ ‫َد َع ْوتُ َما‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َما‬
‫‪ is dropped‬ل َكلِ َمة‬ ‫إُد ُعو َن‬
‫َتد ُعو َن‬ ‫َتد ُعو َن‬ ‫َتد ُعو َن‬ ‫َد َع ْوتُ َّن‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َّن‬
‫‪7 8 9‬‬
‫إَد ُع‬ ‫إَد ُع َو‬ ‫إَد ُعو‬ ‫َد َع ْو ُت‬ ‫إَ َنا‬
‫‪See next page‬‬ ‫َنـد ُع‬ ‫َنـد ُع َو‬ ‫َنـد ُعو‬ ‫َد َع ْو َنا‬ ‫َن ْح ُن‬
‫‪َ – 2 of 2‬د َعا َيـد ُعو ( َباب َن َص َر) ‪ – Ex:‬إلنَّا ُ‬
‫ق‬
‫‪1 2 3 4 5 6‬‬ ‫إَ ْمر‬ ‫ُم َضارِع‬ ‫َماٍ‬
‫‪See previous page‬‬
‫‪َ 8‬يـد ُع‬ ‫َيـد ُع َو‬ ‫‪َ 5‬يـد ُعو‬ ‫‪َ 1‬د َعا‬ ‫ُه َو‬
‫‪7‬‬
‫َتد ُع ُو‪ْ +‬ي‪َ +‬ن َتد ُع ِو ْي َن َتد ُع ْي َن َت ِ‬
‫دع ْي َن‬ ‫َيد ُع َو ْإ‬ ‫َيد ُع َو ْإ‬ ‫َيد ُع َو ْإ ِن‬ ‫‪َ 2‬د َع َو ْإ‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫ض َّمة ‪Cannot have‬‬
‫َ‬ ‫‪The original‬‬ ‫ل َكلِ َمة‬ ‫َيد ُع ْوإ‬ ‫َيد ُع ْوإ‬ ‫‪َ 6‬يد ُع ْو َن‬ ‫‪َ 3‬د َع ْوإ‬ ‫ُه ْم‬
‫‪, so it‬ي ‪followed by‬‬
‫َتـد ُع‬ ‫َتـد ُع َو‬ ‫َتـد ُعو‬ ‫‪َ 4‬د َع ْت‬ ‫ِه َي‬
‫‪is dropped‬‬
‫كَس َرة ‪is changed to‬‬
‫َتد ُع َو ْإ‬ ‫َتد ُع َو ْإ‬ ‫َتد ُع َو ْإ ِن‬ ‫َد َع َتـ ْا‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫‪8‬‬
‫َيـد ُعـ ْو َيـد ُع‬ ‫َيد ُعو َن‬ ‫َيد ُعو َن‬ ‫َيد ُعو َن‬ ‫َد َع ْو َن‬ ‫ُه َّن‬
‫َكلِ َمة ‪The‬‬ ‫‪ is dropped to make the‬ل‬ ‫‪ 9‬إُد ُع‬ ‫َتـد ُع‬ ‫َتـد ُع َو‬ ‫َتـد ُعو‬ ‫َد َع ْو َت‬ ‫إَن َْت‬
‫‪verb‬‬ ‫َم ْج ُزوم‬ ‫إُد ُع َو ْإ‬ ‫َتد ُع َو ْإ‬ ‫َتد ُع َو ْإ‬ ‫َتد ُع َو ْإ ِن‬ ‫َد َع ْوتُ َما‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َما‬
‫‪9‬‬
‫إُ ْد ُع‬ ‫َتـ ْد ُعـ ْو ْد ُع‬ ‫إُد ُع ْوإ‬ ‫َتد ُع ْوإ‬ ‫َتد ُع ْوإ‬ ‫َتد ُع ْو َن‬ ‫َد َع ْوتُ ْم‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت ْم‬
‫دع ْي‬ ‫إُ ِ‬ ‫َتد ِع ْي‬ ‫َتد ِع ْي‬ ‫‪َ 7‬تد ِع ْي َن‬ ‫َد َع ْو ِت‬ ‫إَن ِْت‬
‫َكلِ َمة ‪The‬‬ ‫‪ is dropped to make the‬ل‬
‫‪verb‬‬ ‫َم ْج ُزوم‬ ‫إُد ُع َو ْإ‬ ‫َتد ُع َو ْإ‬ ‫َتد ُع َو ْإ‬ ‫َتد ُع َو ْإ ِن‬ ‫َد َع ْوتُ َما‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َما‬
‫إُد ُعو َن‬ ‫َتد ُعو َن‬ ‫َتد ُعو َن‬ ‫َتد ُعو َن‬ ‫َد َع ْوتُ َّن‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َّن‬
‫إَد ُع‬ ‫إَد ُع َو‬ ‫إَد ُعو‬ ‫َد َع ْو ُت‬ ‫إَ َنا‬
‫َنـد ُع‬ ‫َنـد ُع َو‬ ‫َنـد ُعو‬ ‫َد َع ْو َنا‬ ‫َن ْح ُن‬
Qur’anic References for )‫فِ ْعل َنا ِقص ( ُمع َتل إل َّلا ِم) ( َباب َن َص َر‬:‫َد َعا َي ْد ُعو‬
ٍ‫َما‬ ‫األعراف ُم َضارِع َم ْج ُزوم‬ ٍ‫َما‬ ‫آل عمران‬
ُ ُ ُ ‫َ ر ُ ُ ر َ ر ُ َ َٰ َ َ َّ ُ ُ ر َ َ ٌ َ َ ر ُ ر َ َ َ ر‬
‫وهمر‬ ً َ ِّ َ ً َّ ِّ ُ َ ُ َّ ‫ر‬ َ ِّ َ َ َ ُ َّ َ َّ َ َ َ َ َ َ ُ
ۖ ‫ب هب َِل مِن َّلنك ذرِية طي ِبة‬
‫ِإَون تدعوهم إَِل الهدى َل يتبِعوكم ۚ سواء عليكم أدعوتم‬ ِ ‫هنال ِك دَع زك ِريا ربه ۖ قال ر‬
َ ُ َ ‫َر َ ُر‬ َ َّ
١٩٣ ‫أم أنتم صامِتون‬ ٣٨ ِ‫اَّل ََعء‬
ُّ ‫يع‬
ُ ‫ك َس ِم‬ ‫إِن‬
And if you [believers] invite them to guidance, they will not follow you. It At that, Zechariah called upon his Lord, saying, "My Lord, grant me from
is all the same for you whether you invite them or you are silent. (7:193) Yourself a good offspring. Indeed, You are the Hearer of supplication."
(3:38)
‫ُم َضارِع َم ْج ُزوم‬ ‫يونس‬ ٍ‫َما‬ ‫األعراف‬
ُّ ُ َ‫ك َو ََل ي‬
َ‫ُض َك ۖ فَإن َف َعلرت‬ َ ُ َ َ َ َ َّ ُ ُ ‫ََ َر‬ َ ُ َ َّ ً َ َ َ ‫َ َ َّ َ ر َ َ َّ َ َ َّ َ َ َّ ُ َ َ ر َ ر‬
َ‫ون َّن ِمن‬
ِ ‫ون اللـهِ ما َل ينفع‬
ِ ‫وَل تدع مِن د‬ ِ ‫ فلما أثقلت دعوا اللـه ربهما لئِن آتيتنا ص‬...
‫اْلا نلك‬
َّ َ ِّ ً َ َّ َ
َ ‫الظالِم‬ َ ‫الشاكِر‬ َّ
١٠٦ ‫ني‬ ِ ‫فإِنك إِذا ِمن‬ ١٨٩ ‫ين‬ ِ
And do not invoke besides Allah that which neither benefits you nor And when it becomes heavy, they both invoke Allah, their Lord, "If You
harms you, for if you did, then indeed you would be of the wrongdoers.’” should give us a good [child], we will surely be among the grateful."
(10:106) (7:189)
‫إَ ْمر‬ ‫ابلقرة‬ ‫ُم َضارِع َم ْرفُوع‬ ‫انلحل‬
َ َ َ َّ ِّ َ ُ َ َّ َ َ َ ُ ‫َ ُ ر‬ َ ُ َ ‫َّ َ َ ر ُ ُ َ َ ر ً َ ُ ر ُ ر‬ ُ َ ُ ‫َ َّ َ َ ر‬
٦٨ ... ۚ ‫قالوا ادع نلا ربك يب ِني نلا ما ِِه‬ ٢٠ ‫ون اللـهِ َل ُيلقون شيئا وهم ُيلقون‬ ِ ‫واَّلِين يدعون مِن د‬
They said, "Call upon your Lord to make clear to us what it is." (2:68) And those they invoke other than Allah create nothing, and they
[themselves] are created. (16:20)

‫إل َّلا ِم) ‪Changes in‬‬ ‫ص ( ُمع َتل‬
‫ُ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ق‬ ‫ا‬‫َّ‬ ‫ن‬ ‫إل‬ ‫–‬ ‫‪Ex:‬‬ ‫)‬ ‫ب‬
‫َ‬ ‫ر‬
‫َ‬ ‫ض‬
‫َ‬ ‫اب‬ ‫ب‬
‫َ‬ ‫(‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ك‬ ‫‪َ – 1 of 2‬ب َكى َيـب‬
‫َب َك َي َب َكى‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫بك‬ ‫‪َ 8‬ي ِ‬ ‫بك َي‬ ‫َي ِ‬ ‫بكي‬ ‫‪َ 5‬ي ِ‬ ‫‪َ 1‬ب َكى‬ ‫ُه َو‬
‫َب َك َيـ ْا‬ ‫َب َك َي ‪ +‬إ‬
‫بك َي ْا‬ ‫َي ِ‬ ‫بك َي ْا‬‫َي ِ‬ ‫بك َي ْا ِن‬ ‫َي ِ‬ ‫‪َ 2‬ب َك َيـ ْا‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫‪The original‬‬ ‫‪ reappears‬ل َكلِ َمة‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫َيب ُك ْوإ‬ ‫َيب ُك ْوإ‬ ‫‪َ 6‬يب ُك ْو َن‬ ‫‪َ 3‬ب َك ْوإ‬ ‫ُه ْم‬
‫َب َك ْوإ‬ ‫َب َكيـُ ْو‬ ‫َب َك َي‪ْ +‬و‬ ‫بك‬ ‫َت ِ‬ ‫َتب ِك َي‬ ‫َتب ِكي‬ ‫‪َ 4‬ب َك ْت‬ ‫ِه َي‬
‫‪ is dropped‬ل َكلِ َمة‬ ‫َت ِ‬ ‫َت ِ‬ ‫َت ِ‬
‫بك َي ْا‬ ‫بك َي ْا‬ ‫بك َي ْا ِن‬ ‫َب َك َتـ ْا‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫ْــ ْـ‬ ‫َي ِ‬ ‫َي ِ‬ ‫َي ِ‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫َب َك ْت‬ ‫َب َك ْى‪ْ +‬ت َب َك ْا ْت‬ ‫بكيـ َن‬ ‫بكيـ َن‬ ‫بكيـ َن‬ ‫َب َكيـ َن‬ ‫ُه َّن‬
‫بك‬ ‫‪ 9‬إِ ِ‬ ‫بك‬ ‫َت ِ‬ ‫بك َي‬ ‫َت ِ‬ ‫بكي‬ ‫َت ِ‬ ‫َب َكيـ َت‬ ‫إَن َْت‬
‫ِ ‪5‬‬
‫َيـب ِك ُي َيـبكي‬ ‫بك َي ْا‬ ‫إِ ِ‬ ‫بك َي ْا‬ ‫َت ِ‬ ‫بك َي ْا‬ ‫َت ِ‬ ‫بك َي ْا ِن‬ ‫َت ِ‬ ‫َب َكيـ ُت َما‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َما‬
‫ض َّمة ‪The‬‬ ‫‪ is dropped‬ل َكلِ َمة ‪َ on the‬‬ ‫إِب ُك ْوإ‬ ‫َتب ُك ْوإ‬ ‫َتب ُك ْوإ‬ ‫َتب ُك ْو َن‬ ‫َب َكيـ ُت ْم‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت ْم‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ي‬ ‫إِ ِ‬
‫بك‬ ‫َتب ِك ْي‬ ‫َتب ِك ْي‬ ‫‪َ 7‬تب ِك ْيـ َن‬ ‫َب َكيـ ِت‬ ‫إَن ِْت‬
‫‪6‬‬
‫َيـبك ُي‪ْ +‬و‪َ +‬ن َيـبكـ ُيـ ْو َن َيـبك ْو َن َيـب ُك ْو َن‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ا‬ ‫إِب ِك َي ْ‬ ‫َتب ِك َي ْا‬ ‫َتب ِك َي ْا‬ ‫َتب ِك َي ْا ِن‬ ‫َب َكيـ ُت َما‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َما‬
‫كَس َرة ‪Cannot have‬‬ ‫ل َكلِ َمة ‪The original‬‬
‫‪, so it is dropped‬و ‪followed by‬‬ ‫بكيـ َن‬ ‫إِ ِ‬ ‫بكيـ َن‬ ‫َت ِ‬ ‫بكيـ َن‬ ‫َت ِ‬ ‫بكيـ َن‬ ‫َت ِ‬ ‫َب َكيـ ُت َّن‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َّن‬
‫ض َّمة ‪is changed to‬‬
‫َ‬ ‫بك‬ ‫إَ ِ‬ ‫إَب ِك َي‬ ‫إَب ِكي‬ ‫َب َكيـ ُت‬ ‫إَ َنا‬
‫‪7 8 9‬‬
‫‪See next page‬‬ ‫بك‬ ‫َن ِ‬ ‫بك َي‬ ‫َن ِ‬ ‫بكي‬ ‫َن ِ‬ ‫َب َكيـ َنا‬ ‫َن ْح ُن‬
‫إل َّلا ِم) ‪Changes in‬‬ ‫ص ( ُمع َتل‬
‫ُ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ق‬ ‫ا‬‫َّ‬ ‫ن‬ ‫إل‬ ‫–‬ ‫‪Ex:‬‬ ‫)‬ ‫ب‬
‫َ‬ ‫ر‬
‫َ‬ ‫ض‬
‫َ‬ ‫اب‬ ‫ب‬
‫َ‬ ‫(‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ك‬ ‫‪َ – 2 of 2‬ب َكى َيـب‬
‫بك‬ ‫‪َ 8‬ي ِ‬ ‫بك َي‬ ‫َي ِ‬ ‫بكي‬ ‫‪َ 5‬ي ِ‬ ‫‪َ 1‬ب َكى‬ ‫ُه َو‬
‫‪7‬‬
‫ـبكي‪ْ +‬ي‪َ +‬ن َت ِ‬
‫ـبكـ ِيــ ْي َن َتبك ْي َن‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َت ُ‬ ‫بك َي ْا‬ ‫َي ِ‬ ‫بك َي ْا‬‫َي ِ‬ ‫بك َي ْا ِن‬ ‫َي ِ‬ ‫‪َ 2‬ب َك َيـ ْا‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫‪ is dropped‬ل َكلِ َمة‬ ‫َيب ُك ْوإ‬ ‫َيب ُك ْوإ‬ ‫‪َ 6‬يب ُك ْو َن‬
‫‪َ 3‬ب َك ْوإ‬ ‫ُه ْم‬
‫‪8‬‬
‫َي ِ‬ ‫َي ِ‬ ‫بك‬ ‫َت ِ‬ ‫َتب ِك َي‬ ‫َتب ِكي‬ ‫‪َ 4‬ب َك ْت‬ ‫ِه َي‬
‫ـبك‬ ‫ـبك ْي‬ ‫َت ِ‬ ‫َت ِ‬ ‫َت ِ‬
‫بك َي ْا‬ ‫بك َي ْا‬ ‫بك َي ْا ِن‬ ‫َب َك َتـ ْا‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫بكيـ َن‬ ‫َي ِ‬ ‫بكيـ َن‬ ‫َي ِ‬ ‫بكيـ َن‬ ‫َي ِ‬ ‫َب َكيـ َن‬ ‫ُه َّن‬
‫‪verb‬‬ ‫َم ْج ُزوم‬
‫بك‬ ‫‪ 9‬إِ ِ‬ ‫بك‬ ‫َت ِ‬ ‫بك َي‬ ‫َت ِ‬ ‫بكي‬ ‫َت ِ‬ ‫َب َكيـ َت‬ ‫إَن َْت‬
‫‪9‬‬
‫إِ ْب ِك‬ ‫َتـ ْب ِك ْي ْب ِك‬ ‫بك َي ْا‬‫إِ ِ‬ ‫بك َي ْا‬ ‫َت ِ‬ ‫بك َي ْا‬ ‫َت ِ‬ ‫بك َي ْا ِن‬ ‫َت ِ‬ ‫َب َكيـ ُت َما‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َما‬
‫َكلِ َمة ‪The‬‬ ‫‪ is dropped to make the‬ل‬ ‫إِب ُك ْوإ‬ ‫َتب ُك ْوإ‬ ‫َتب ُك ْوإ‬ ‫َتب ُك ْو َن‬ ‫َب َكيـ ُت ْم‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت ْم‬
‫‪verb‬‬ ‫َم ْج ُزوم‬ ‫بك ْي‬ ‫إِ ِ‬ ‫َتب ِك ْي‬ ‫َتب ِك ْي‬ ‫‪َ 7‬تب ِك ْيـ َن‬ ‫َب َكيـ ِت‬ ‫إَن ِْت‬
‫إِب ِك َي ْا‬ ‫َتب ِك َي ْا‬ ‫َتب ِك َي ْا‬ ‫َتب ِك َي ْا ِن‬ ‫َب َكيـ ُت َما‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َما‬
‫بكيـ َن‬ ‫إِ ِ‬ ‫بكيـ َن‬ ‫َت ِ‬ ‫بكيـ َن‬ ‫َت ِ‬ ‫بكيـ َن‬ ‫َت ِ‬ ‫َب َكيـ ُت َّن‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َّن‬
‫بك‬ ‫إَ ِ‬ ‫إَب ِك َي‬ ‫إَب ِكي‬ ‫َب َكيـ ُت‬ ‫إَ َنا‬
‫بك‬ ‫َن ِ‬ ‫بك َي‬ ‫َن ِ‬ ‫بكي‬ ‫َن ِ‬ ‫َب َكيـ َنا‬ ‫َن ْح ُن‬
Qur’anic References for )‫فِ ْعل َنا ِقص ( ُمع َتل إل َّلا ِم) ( َباب َض َر َب‬:‫إَ َتى َياْتِي‬
‫ُم َضارِع َم ْن ُصوب‬ ‫ابلقرة‬ ٍ‫َما‬ ‫طه‬
َّ ٌ ‫َّ َ َ ر َ ُ ِّ َ ر َ َ ر َ َ ر‬ ُ َ ُ َ َ َّ َ ُّ َ َ َ ُ َ َ ُ َ َ َ َّ َ َ
َٰ ‫فلما أتاها نودِي يا م‬
‫يا أيها اَّلِين آمنوا أنفِقوا مِما رزقناكم ِمن قب ِل أن يأ ِت يوم َل‬ ١١ ‫وس‬
And when he came to it, he was called,
"O Moses, (20:11)
ٌ َ َ َ َ َ ٌ َّ ُ َ َ
٢٥٤ ... ۗ ‫َبير ٌع فِيهِ وَل خلة وَل شفاعة‬ ٍ‫َما‬ ‫اْلوبة‬
ُ ُ ‫َ َ َ َ َّ َ َ َ َ َ ر َ َ ر َ ُ ر ُ ر َ َ َ ُ َ َ ر‬
‫كمر‬
O you who have believed, spend from that which We have provided for ‫جد ما أمحِل‬ ِ ‫وَل َع اَّلِين إِذا ما أتوك ْلِ ح ِملهم قلت َل أ‬
ََ
you before there comes a Day in which there is no exchange and no
friendship and no intercession... (2:254) Nor [is there blame] upon those who, when they came to ‫ر‬
you that you might give them mounts, you said, "I can find ٩٢ ... ِ‫عليه‬
‫ُم َضارِع َم ْج ُزوم‬ ‫مريم‬
َ ‫َ ر ر َ َر َر‬
َ‫ك فَاتَّب رعِن أَ رهدك‬ َ َ
nothing for you to ride upon.“ … (9:92)
َ َ ‫ر‬ َ ِّ َ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ‫ت إ ِ ِِن قد جاء ِِن مِن العِل ِم ما لم يأت‬ ِ ‫يا أب‬ ‫ُم َضارِع َم ْرفُوع‬ ‫مريم‬
ًّ ‫ِص ًاطا َسو‬َ ِ

And We will inherit him [in] what he ً‫ََ ُُ َ َُ ُ ََر َ َر‬
O my father, indeed there has come to me of
٤٣ ‫ا‬ ‫ي‬ ٨٠ ‫ون ِرثه ما يقول ويأت ِينا فردا‬
ِ
mentions, and he will come to Us
knowledge that which has not come to you, so follow alone. (19:80)
me; I will guide you to an even path. (19:43)
‫ُم َضارِع َم ْن ُصوب‬ ‫ابلقرة‬
‫إَمر‬ ‫ُم َضارِع َم ْرفُوع‬ ‫ابلقرة‬
َ َّ ‫ُ ُ َ َ َ َٰ َّ ر‬ َ ُ ُ ‫َ َ ر َ ر ُّ َ َ ر ُ ر‬
‫َر‬ ‫َ رَ ر‬ ‫ر‬ َّ ‫َ َّ َّ َ َ ر‬ ‫ر‬ َ َ ‫كن ال َِب م ِن‬
ِ ‫ وليس ال َِب بِأن تأتوا ابليوت مِن ظهورِها ولـ‬...
َ‫ت بها‬ ُ َ
ِ ِ ‫رش ِق فأ‬
ِ ‫ قال إِبراهِيم فإِن اللـه يأ ِت بِالشم ِس مِن الم‬... َ َ ‫ر‬ َ ‫َّ َ َ ر ُ ر ُ َ ر‬
‫َ رَ ر‬ ١٨٩ ... ۚ ‫ق ۗ وأتوا ابلُيوت مِن أبوابِها‬ َٰ ‫ات‬
… Abraham said, "Indeed, Allah brings up the sun
from the east, so bring it up from the west." … (2:258)
٢٥٨ ... ‫ب‬
ِ ‫مِن المغ ِر‬ … And it is not righteousness to enter houses from the back, ‫إَمر‬
but righteousness is [in] one who fears Allah. And enter houses
from their doors. And fear Allah that you may succeed. (2:189)
Qur’anic References for )‫فِ ْعل َنا ِقص ( ُمع َتل إل َّلا ِم) ( َباب َض َر َب‬:‫َهدَى َي ْه ِدي‬
‫ُم َضارِع َم ْرفُوع‬ ‫ابلقرة‬ ‫األَع‬
َ‫ َو َّاَّلِي قَ َّدر‬٢ ‫ى‬ َ َ َّ َ ‫ر‬ َ ‫َ ِّ ر َ َ ِّ َ ر‬
َ‫ْيا ۚ َو َما يُض ُّل بهِ إ ََّل الر َفا ِسقني‬
ً ‫ث‬‫ك‬
َ
ِ ‫ه‬‫ب‬ ‫ر‬ َ َ ً َ ُّ ُ َّ َ َ َ
َٰ ‫ اَّلِي خلق فسو‬١ ‫سب ِحِ اسم ربك األَع‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ‫ي‬‫د‬‫ه‬ ‫ي‬ ‫و‬ ‫ا‬‫ْي‬ ِ ِ ‫ض‬
‫ث‬‫ك‬ ِ ‫ه‬‫ب‬ ‫ل‬ ِ ‫ ي‬... ِ
٢٦ ٣‫ى‬ َٰ ‫َف َه َد‬
… By it He causes many to stray, and many He leads into the right path; Exalt the name of your Lord, the Most High, Who created and ٍ‫َما‬
but He causes not to stray, except those who forsake (the path), (2:26) proportioned And who destined and [then] guided (87:1 – 3)
‫ُم َضارِع َم ْن ُصوب‬ ‫الكهف‬ ٍ‫َما‬ ‫األنعام‬
َ‫ِينا ق َِي ًما ِّ ِم َّل َة إب ر َراهِيم‬
ً ‫ِصاط ُّم رس َتقيم د‬ َ ِّ َ َ َ َّ ‫ُ ر‬
ً َ َ َ َٰ َ ‫َ ُ ر َ َ َٰ َ َ ر َ َ ِّ َ ر َ َ ر‬ ِ ٍ ِ
َ َٰ
ٍ ِ ‫قل إِن ِِن هدا ِِن ر ِِب إَِل‬
٢٤ ‫ وقل عس أن يه ِدي ِن ر ِِب ِألقرب مِن هـذا رشدا‬...
َ ‫َ ً َ َ َ َ َ رُ ر‬
… and say, "Perhaps my Lord will guide me to what is nearer than this to
right conduct." (18:24)
١٦١ ‫رشك ِني‬ ِ ‫حنِيفا ۚ وما َكن مِن الم‬
‫ُم َضارِع َم ْج ُزوم‬ ‫الكهف‬ Say, "Indeed, my Lord has guided me to a straight path - a correct
َ ‫ر‬ ُ ‫َ َ ر َّ ُ َ ُ َ ر‬ religion - the way of Abraham, inclining toward truth. And he was not
١٧ ... ۖ ‫ من يه ِد اللـه فهو المهت ِد‬... among those who associated others with Allah." (6:161)
ٍ‫َما‬ ‫آل عمران‬
… He whom Allah guides is the [rightly] guided, … (18:17)
ً َ ‫َّ ُ َ َ ر‬ َ َ ‫َ َّ َ َ ُ ر ُ ُ َ َ َ ر َ ر َ َ ر َ َ َ َ ر‬
‫إَ ْمر‬ ‫الفاُتة‬ ۚ ‫ربنا َل ت ِزغ قلوبنا بعد إِذ هديتنا وهب نلا مِن َّلنك رمحة‬
َ َ ‫ر‬ ُ ‫ر َ ِّ َ َ ر‬
٦ ‫الِصاط المستقِيم‬ِ ‫اه ِدنا‬ ُ َّ َ ‫َّ َ َ َ ر‬
٨ ‫إِنك أنت الوهاب‬
Guide us to the straight path - (1:6) [Who say], "Our Lord, let not our hearts deviate after You have guided us
and grant us from Yourself mercy. Indeed, You are the Bestower. (3:8)
‫‪َ – 1 of 2‬ن َهى َي َنهى ( َباب َف َت َح) ‪ – Ex:‬إلنَّا ُ‬
‫ق‬
‫َن َهى‬ ‫َن َه َي‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫َن َه َيـ ْا‬ ‫َن َه َي ‪ +‬إ‬ ‫‪َ 9‬ين َه‬ ‫‪َ 8‬ي َنهى‬ ‫‪َ 5‬ي َنهى‬ ‫‪َ 1‬ن َهى‬ ‫ُه َو‬
‫‪The original‬‬ ‫‪ reappears‬ل َكلِ َمة‬ ‫َي َنه َي ْا‬ ‫َي َنه َي ْا‬ ‫‪َ 6‬ي َنه َي ْا ِن‬ ‫‪َ 2‬ن َه َيـ ْا‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫َي َنه ْوإ‬ ‫َي َنه ْوإ‬ ‫‪َ 7‬ي َنه ْو َن‬ ‫‪َ 3‬ن َه ْوإ‬ ‫ُه ْم‬
‫َن َه ْوإ‬ ‫َن َهـ َيـ ْو‬ ‫َن َه َي‪ْ +‬و‬ ‫َتن َه‬ ‫َت َنهى‬ ‫َت َنهى‬ ‫‪َ 4‬ن َه ْت‬ ‫ِه َي‬
‫‪ is dropped‬ل َكلِ َمة‬
‫َت َنه َي ْا‬ ‫َت َنه َي ْا‬ ‫َت َنه َي ْا ِن‬ ‫َن َه َتـ ْا‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫ْــ ْـ‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫َن َه ْت‬ ‫َن َه ْى‪ْ +‬ت َن َه ْا ْت‬ ‫َي َنهيـ َن‬ ‫َي َنهيـ َن‬ ‫َي َنهيـ َن‬ ‫َن َهيـ َن‬ ‫ُه َّن‬
‫‪ 10‬إِن َه‬ ‫َتن َه‬ ‫َت َنهى‬ ‫َت َنهى‬ ‫َن َهيـ َت‬ ‫إَن َْت‬
‫إِ َنه َي ْا‬
‫‪5‬‬
‫َي َنهى‬ ‫َي َنه ُي‬ ‫َت َنه َي ْا‬ ‫َت َنه َي ْا‬ ‫َت َنه َي ْا ِن‬ ‫َن َهيـ ُت َما‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َما‬
‫‪ is‬ي ‪The‬‬ ‫َكلِ َمة ‪َ on the‬‬
‫ض َّمة ‪The‬‬ ‫ل‬ ‫إِ َنه ْوإ‬ ‫َت َنه ْوإ‬ ‫َت َنه ْوإ‬ ‫َت َنه ْو َن‬ ‫َن َهيـ ُت ْم‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت ْم‬
‫‪ is dropped‬ى ‪changed to‬‬
‫إِ َنه ْي‬ ‫َت َنه ْي‬ ‫َت َنه ْي‬ ‫َت َنه ْيـ َن‬ ‫َن َهيـ ِت‬ ‫إَن ِْت‬
‫‪6‬‬
‫َي َنه َيـ ْان‬ ‫َي َنه ُي‪ +‬ا ‪+‬ن‬ ‫إِ َنه َي ْا‬ ‫َت َنه َي ْا‬ ‫َت َنه َي ْا‬ ‫َت َنه َي ْا ِن‬ ‫َن َهيـ ُت َما‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َما‬
‫‪The original‬‬ ‫‪ reappears‬ل َكلِ َمة‬ ‫إِ َنهيـ َن‬ ‫َت َنهيـ َن‬ ‫َت َنهيـ َن‬ ‫َت َنهيـ َن‬ ‫َن َهيـ ُت َّن‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َّن‬
‫إَن َه‬ ‫إَ َنهى‬ ‫إَ َنهى‬ ‫َن َهيـ ُت‬ ‫إَ َنا‬
‫‪7 8 9 10‬‬
‫‪See next page‬‬ ‫َنن َه‬ ‫َن َنهى‬ ‫َن َنهى‬ ‫َن َهيـ َنا‬ ‫َن ْح ُن‬
‫‪َ – 2 of 2‬ن َهى َي َنهى ( َباب َف َت َح) ‪ – Ex:‬إلنَّا ُ‬
‫ق‬
‫‪7‬‬ ‫‪َ 9‬ين َه‬ ‫‪َ 8‬ي َنهى‬ ‫‪َ 5‬ي َنهى‬ ‫‪َ 1‬ن َهى‬ ‫ُه َو‬
‫َي َنه ُي‪ْ +‬و‪َ +‬ن َي َنهـ ُيـ ْو َن َي َنه ْو َن‬ ‫َي َنه َي ْا‬ ‫َي َنه َي ْا‬ ‫‪َ 6‬ي َنه َي ْا ِن‬ ‫‪َ 2‬ن َه َيـ ْا‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫َكلِ َمة ‪The‬‬ ‫‪ is dropped‬ل‬
‫َي َنه ْوإ‬ ‫َي َنه ْوإ‬ ‫‪َ 7‬ي َنه ْو َن‬ ‫‪َ 3‬ن َه ْوإ‬ ‫ُه ْم‬
‫‪8‬‬
‫َي َنهى‬ ‫َتن َه‬ ‫َت َنهى‬ ‫َت َنهى‬ ‫‪َ 4‬ن َه ْت‬ ‫ِه َي‬
‫َكلِ َمة ‪The‬‬ ‫َتحة ‪ does not get‬ل‬
‫‪.‬ف َ‬
‫َت َنه َي ْا‬ ‫َت َنه َي ْا‬ ‫َت َنه َي ْا ِن‬ ‫َن َه َتـ ْا‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫َي َنهيـ َن‬ ‫َي َنهيـ َن‬ ‫َي َنهيـ َن‬ ‫َن َهيـ َن‬ ‫ُه َّن‬
‫‪ 10‬إِن َه‬
‫‪9‬‬
‫َيـن َه‬ ‫ـنه ْى‬
‫َي َ‬ ‫َتن َه‬ ‫َت َنهى‬ ‫َت َنهى‬ ‫َن َهيـ َت‬ ‫إَن َْت‬
‫َكلِ َمة ‪The‬‬ ‫‪ is dropped to make the‬ل‬ ‫إِ َنه َي ْا‬ ‫َت َنه َي ْا‬ ‫َت َنه َي ْا‬ ‫َت َنه َي ْا ِن‬ ‫َن َهيـ ُت َما‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َما‬
‫‪verb‬‬ ‫َم ْج ُزوم‬ ‫إِ َنه ْوإ‬ ‫َت َنه ْوإ‬ ‫َت َنه ْوإ‬ ‫َت َنه ْو َن‬ ‫َن َهيـ ُت ْم‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت ْم‬
‫إِ َنه ْي‬ ‫َت َنه ْي‬ ‫َت َنه ْي‬ ‫َت َنه ْيـ َن‬ ‫َن َهيـ ِت‬ ‫إَن ِْت‬
‫إِن َه‬
‫‪10‬‬
‫ْن َه‬ ‫ـنه ْـى‬
‫َت َ‬ ‫إِ َنه َي ْا‬ ‫َت َنه َي ْا‬ ‫َت َنه َي ْا‬ ‫َت َنه َي ْا ِن‬ ‫َن َهيـ ُت َما‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َما‬
‫َكلِ َمة ‪The‬‬ ‫‪ is dropped to make the‬ل‬ ‫إِ َنهيـ َن‬ ‫َت َنهيـ َن‬ ‫َت َنهيـ َن‬ ‫َت َنهيـ َن‬ ‫َن َهيـ ُت َّن‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َّن‬
‫َم ْج ُزوم‬
‫إَن َه‬ ‫إَ َنهى‬ ‫إَ َنهى‬ ‫َن َهيـ ُت‬ ‫إَ َنا‬
‫‪verb‬‬
‫َنن َه‬ ‫َن َنهى‬ ‫َن َنهى‬ ‫َن َهيـ َنا‬ ‫َن ْح ُن‬
‫إل َّلا ِم) ‪Changes in‬‬ ‫ص ( ُمع َتل‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫‪َ – 1 of 2‬ن ِس َي َي َ‬
‫ـنسى ( َباب َس ِم َع) ‪ – Ex:‬إلنَّا ُ‬
‫ق‬
‫‪ is not‬ي ‪Notice the original weak letter,‬‬ ‫إَ ْمر‬ ‫ُم َضارِع‬ ‫َماٍ‬
‫َكلِ َمة ‪, when the‬ى ‪changed to‬‬ ‫‪.‬كَس َرة ‪ has‬ع‬ ‫َم ْج ُزوم‬ ‫َم ْن ُصوب‬ ‫َم ْرفُوع‬
‫نس‬ ‫‪َ 6‬ي َ‬ ‫‪َ 5‬ي َنسى‬ ‫‪َ 2‬ي َنسى‬ ‫َن ِس َي‬ ‫ُه َو‬
‫َن ِس َي‪ْ +‬و َن ِس ُيـ ْو‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫َن ُس ْوإ‬ ‫َن ِسـ ْو‬ ‫َي َنس َي ْا‬ ‫َي َنس َي ْا‬ ‫نس َي ْا ِن‬ ‫َن ِس َيـ ْا‬
‫‪َ 3‬ي َ‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫كَس َرة ‪Cannot have‬‬ ‫َكلِ َمة ‪The‬‬ ‫‪ is‬ل‬
‫‪, so it is‬و ‪followed by‬‬
‫َي َنس ْوإ‬ ‫َي َنس ْوإ‬ ‫‪َ 4‬ي َنس ْو َن‬ ‫‪َ 1‬ن ُس ْوإ‬ ‫ُه ْم‬
‫َن ِس َي ْت‬ ‫ِه َي‬
‫‪dropped‬‬
‫ض َّمة ‪changed to‬‬
‫َ‬ ‫نس‬ ‫َت َ‬ ‫َت َنسى‬ ‫َت َنسى‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫َت َنس َي ْا‬ ‫َت َنس َي ْا‬ ‫نس َي ْا ِن‬
‫َت َ‬ ‫َن ِس َي َتـ ْا‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫َي َنسى‬ ‫َي َنس ُي‬
‫َي َنسيـ َن‬ ‫َي َنسيـ َن‬ ‫َي َنسيـ َن‬ ‫َن ِسيـ َن‬ ‫ُه َّن‬
‫‪ is‬ي ‪The‬‬ ‫َكلِ َمة ‪َ on the‬‬
‫ض َّمة ‪The‬‬ ‫ل‬
‫‪ is dropped‬ى ‪changed to‬‬ ‫نس‬ ‫‪ 7‬إِ َ‬ ‫نس‬ ‫َت َ‬ ‫َت َنسى‬ ‫َت َنسى‬ ‫َن ِسيـ َت‬ ‫إَن َْت‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫إِ َنس َي ْا‬ ‫َت َنس َي ْا‬ ‫َت َنس َي ْا‬ ‫نس َي ْا ِن‬‫َت َ‬ ‫َن ِسيـ ُت َما‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َما‬
‫َي َنس ُي‪ +‬ا ‪+‬ن َي َنس َيـ ْان‬ ‫إِ َنس ْوإ‬ ‫َت َنس ْوإ‬ ‫َت َنس ْوإ‬ ‫َت َنس ْو َن‬ ‫َن ِسيـ ُت ْم‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت ْم‬
‫‪ reappears‬ل َكلِ َمة‬
‫إِ َنس ْي‬ ‫َت َنس ْي‬ ‫َت َنس ْي‬ ‫َت َنس ْيـ َن‬ ‫َن ِسيـ ِت‬ ‫إَن ِْت‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫َي َنس ُي‪ْ +‬و‪َ +‬ن َي َنسـ ُيـ ْو َن َي َنس ْو َن‬ ‫إِ َنس َي ْا‬ ‫َت َنس َي ْا‬ ‫َت َنس َي ْا‬ ‫نس َي ْا ِن‬ ‫َت َ‬ ‫َن ِسيـ ُت َما‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َما‬
‫َكلِ َمة ‪The‬‬ ‫‪ is dropped‬ل‬ ‫إِ َنسيـ َن‬ ‫َت َنسيـ َن‬ ‫َت َنسيـ َن‬ ‫نسيـ َن‬ ‫َت َ‬ ‫َن ِسيـ ُت َّن‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َّن‬
‫‪5 6 7‬‬
‫نس‬ ‫إَ َ‬ ‫إَ َنسى‬ ‫إَ َنسى‬ ‫َن ِسيـ ُت‬ ‫إَ َنا‬
‫‪See next page‬‬ ‫نس‬ ‫َن َ‬ ‫َن َنسى‬ ‫َن َنسى‬ ‫َن ِسيـ َنا‬ ‫َن ْح ُن‬
‫إل َّلا ِم) ‪Changes in‬‬ ‫ص ( ُمع َتل‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫‪َ – 2 of 2‬ن ِس َي َي َ‬
‫ـنسى ( َباب َس ِم َع) ‪ – Ex:‬إلنَّا ُ‬
‫ق‬
‫‪1 2 3 4‬‬ ‫إَ ْمر‬ ‫ُم َضارِع‬ ‫َماٍ‬
‫‪5‬‬ ‫نس‬ ‫‪َ 6‬ي َ‬ ‫‪َ 5‬ي َنسى‬ ‫‪َ 2‬ي َنسى‬ ‫َن ِس َي‬ ‫ُه َو‬
‫َي َنسى‬ ‫َي َنس َي ْا‬ ‫َي َنس َي ْا‬ ‫نس َي ْا ِن‬ ‫َن ِس َيـ ْا‬
‫‪َ 3‬ي َ‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫َكلِ َمة ‪The‬‬ ‫‪ does not get‬ل‬ ‫َي َنس ْوإ‬ ‫َي َنس ْوإ‬ ‫‪َ 4‬ي َنس ْو َن‬ ‫‪َ 1‬ن ُس ْوإ‬ ‫ُه ْم‬
‫َتحة‬
‫‪.‬ف َ‬ ‫نس‬ ‫َت َ‬ ‫َت َنسى‬ ‫َت َنسى‬ ‫َن ِس َي ْت‬ ‫ِه َي‬
‫‪6‬‬
‫نس‬
‫َي َ‬ ‫َي َنس ْى‬ ‫َت َنس َي ْا‬ ‫َت َنس َي ْا‬ ‫نس َي ْا ِن‬
‫َت َ‬ ‫َن ِس َي َتـ ْا‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫َكلِ َمة ‪The‬‬ ‫‪ is dropped to make the‬ل‬ ‫َي َنسيـ َن‬ ‫َي َنسيـ َن‬ ‫َي َنسيـ َن‬ ‫َن ِسيـ َن‬ ‫ُه َّن‬
‫‪verb‬‬ ‫َم ْج ُزوم‬ ‫نس‬ ‫‪ 7‬إِ َ‬ ‫نس‬ ‫َت َ‬ ‫َت َنسى‬ ‫َت َنسى‬ ‫َن ِسيـ َت‬ ‫إَن َْت‬
‫إِ َنس َي ْا‬ ‫َت َنس َي ْا‬ ‫َت َنس َي ْا‬ ‫نس َي ْا ِن‬‫َت َ‬ ‫َن ِسيـ ُت َما‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َما‬
‫إِن َ‬
‫‪7‬‬
‫ْس‬ ‫ْس‬
‫ـنس ْى ن َ‬
‫َت َ‬ ‫إِ َنس ْوإ‬ ‫َن ِسيـ ُت ْم‬
‫َت َنس ْوإ‬ ‫َت َنس ْوإ‬ ‫َت َنس ْو َن‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت ْم‬
‫إِ َنس ْي‬ ‫َت َنس ْي‬ ‫َت َنس ْي‬ ‫َت َنس ْيـ َن‬ ‫َن ِسيـ ِت‬ ‫إَن ِْت‬
‫َم ْج ُزوم‬
‫إِ َنس َي ْا‬ ‫َت َنس َي ْا‬ ‫َت َنس َي ْا‬ ‫نس َي ْا ِن‬ ‫َن ِسيـ ُت َما‬
‫‪verb‬‬
‫َت َ‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َما‬
‫إِ َنسيـ َن‬ ‫َت َنسيـ َن‬ ‫َت َنسيـ َن‬ ‫نسيـ َن‬ ‫َت َ‬ ‫َن ِسيـ ُت َّن‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َّن‬
‫نس‬ ‫إَ َ‬ ‫إَ َنسى‬ ‫إَ َنسى‬ ‫َن ِسيـ ُت‬ ‫إَ َنا‬
‫نس‬ ‫َن َ‬ ‫َن َنسى‬ ‫َن َنسى‬ ‫َن ِسيـ َنا‬ ‫َن ْح ُن‬
‫إلنَّا ِق ُ‬
‫ص ‪ –Regular Verbs vs.‬إ ْل ِف ْع ُل إل ُم َضا ِر ُع ‪Analysis of‬‬
‫إلنَّ ِاق ُ‬
‫ص‬ ‫‪Regular‬‬
‫يدعو ـُ‬ ‫َيذ َه ُب‬

‫َ ُ‬
‫ُم َضارِع َم ْرفُو ُع‬
‫الض َّم ِة إل ُم َق َّد َر ِة إ ْلف ِ‬
‫َاع ُل َض ِمير ُم ْس َتتِر َت ْق ِدي ُره ُه َو‬ ‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْرفُوع بِ َّ‬ ‫الض َّم ِة إ ْلف ِ‬
‫َاع ُل َض ِمير ُم ْس َتتِر َت ْق ِدي ُره ُه َو‬ ‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْرفُوع بِ َّ‬
‫َل ْم َيد ُع و‬ ‫َل ْم َيذ َه ْب‬ ‫ُم َضارِع َم ْج ُزوم‬

‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْج ُزوم بِ َح ْذ ِف َح ْر ِف إ ْل ِعلَّ ِة إ ْلف ِ‬
‫َاع ُل َض ِمير ُم ْس َتتِر َت ْق ِدي ُره ُه َو‬ ‫ون إ ْل َف ِاع ُل َض ِمير ُم ْس َتتِر َت ْق ِدي ُره ُه َو‬
‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْج ُزوم بِالس ُك ِ‬
‫َـ‬
‫إَ ْن َي ْن َسى‬ ‫إَ ْن َي ْس َم َع‬ ‫ُم َضارِع َم ْن ُصوب‬
‫(باب َس ِم َع وباب َف َت َح)‬
‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْن ُصوب بِا ْل َف ْت َح ِة إل ُم َق َّد َر ِة إ ْلف ِ‬
‫َاع ُل َض ِمير ُم ْس َتتِر َت ْق ِدي ُره ُه َو‬ ‫فِ ْعل ُم َضارِع َم ْن ُصوب بِا ْل َف ْت َح ِة إ ْلف ِ‬
‫َاع ُل َض ِمير ُم ْس َتتِر َت ْق ِدي ُره ُه َو‬
‫) َم ْرفُوع َم ْن ُصوب َم ْج ُزوم ( – إَل ِفع ُل إل ُم َضا ِر ُع إلنَّا ِق ُ‬
‫ص ‪Three Moods of‬‬
‫إل ِفع َل ِ‬
‫ان إل َمبنِ َي ِان‬ ‫مس ُة‬ ‫إلأَف َعالُ َ‬
‫إلخ َ‬ ‫إلأَف َعالُ إلأَر َب َع ُة‬
‫َم ْج ُزوم‬ ‫َم ْن ُصوب‬ ‫َم ْرفُوع‬ ‫َم ْج ُزوم‬ ‫َم ْن ُصوب‬ ‫َم ْرفُوع‬ ‫َم ْج ُزوم‬ ‫َم ْن ُصوب‬ ‫َم ْرفُوع‬
‫ن‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ن‬ ‫و‬ ‫ــ‬ ‫ـُـ‬ ‫إل َع َلا َم ُة‬
‫ُه َو‬ ‫َيد ُع‬ ‫َيد ُع َو‬ ‫َيد ُع ْو‬ ‫ُه َو‬
‫ُه َما‬ ‫َيد ُع َوإ‬ ‫َيد ُع َوإ‬ ‫َيد ُع َوإ ِن‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫ُه ْم‬ ‫َيد ُع ْوإ‬ ‫َيد ُع ْوإ‬ ‫َيد ُع ْو َن‬ ‫ُه ْم‬
‫ِه َي‬ ‫َتد ُع‬ ‫َتد ُع َو‬ ‫َتد ُع ْو‬ ‫ِه َي‬
‫ُه َما‬ ‫َتد ُع َوإ‬ ‫َتد ُع َوإ‬ ‫َتد ُع َو ِإن‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫ُه َّن‬ ‫َيد ُع ْو َن‬ ‫َيد ُع ْو َن‬ ‫َيد ُع ْو َن‬ ‫َم ْج ُزوم‬ ‫َم ْن ُصوب‬ ‫َم ْرفُوع‬ ‫ُه َّن‬
‫إَن َْت‬ ‫بِثُ ُبو ِت إلن ِون بِ َح ْذ ِف إلن ِون بِ َح ْذ ِف إلن ِون‬ ‫َتد ُع‬ ‫َتد ُع َو‬ ‫َتد ُع ْو‬ ‫إَن َْت‬
‫َمبنِي َع َلى‬ ‫َمبنِي َع َلى‬ ‫َمبنِي َع َلى‬
‫إَ ْن ُت َما‬ ‫إلس ُك ِون‬ ‫إلس ُك ِ‬
‫ون‬ ‫إلس ُك ِون‬ ‫َتد ُع َوإ‬ ‫َتد ُع َوإ‬ ‫َتد ُع َو ِإن‬ ‫َم ْج ُزوم‬ ‫َم ْن ُصوب‬ ‫َم ْرفُوع‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َما‬
‫فِي َم َح ِّل‬ ‫فِي َم َح ِّل‬ ‫فِي َم َح ِّل‬ ‫بِ َح ْذ ِف‬ ‫َتح ِة‬ ‫الض َّم ِة‬
‫إَ ْن ُت ْم‬ ‫َجزم‬ ‫َنصب‬ ‫َر ْفع‬
‫َتد ُع ْوإ‬ ‫َتد ُع ْوإ‬ ‫َتد ُع ْو َن‬ ‫بِالف َ‬ ‫بِ َّ‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت ْم‬
‫رف إل ِعلَّ ِة‬ ‫َح ِ‬ ‫إل ُم َق َّد َر ِة‬
‫إَن ِْت‬ ‫َتد ِع ْي‬ ‫َتد ِع ْي‬ ‫َتد ِع ْي َن‬ ‫إَن ِْت‬
‫إَ ْن ُت َما‬ ‫َتد ُع َوإ‬ ‫َتد ُع َوإ‬ ‫َتد ُع َو ِإن‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َما‬
‫إَ ْن ُت َّن‬ ‫َتد ُع ْو َن‬ ‫َتد ُع ْو َن‬ ‫َتد ُع ْو َن‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َّن‬
‫إَ َنا‬ ‫إَد ُع‬ ‫إَد ُع َو‬ ‫إَد ُع ْو‬ ‫إَ َنا‬
‫َن ْح ُن‬ ‫َند ُع‬ ‫َند ُع َو‬ ‫َند ُع ْو‬ ‫َن ْح ُن‬
‫ف ‪Changes in‬‬
‫( َباب َن َص َر) ‪ – Ex:‬إل ُم َض َّع ُ‬ ‫َح َّج ( َح َج َج) َي ُحج ( َي ْح ُج ُج)‬
‫َح َّج‬ ‫َح ْج َج‬ ‫َح َج َج‬
‫ل ‪ and‬ع ‪The‬‬
‫‪َ combine‬كلِ َمة‬
‫‪The vowel‬‬
‫َكلِ َمة ‪sign on‬‬ ‫ع‬ ‫‪َ 3‬ي ُح َّج ‪َ /‬ي ْح ُج ْج‬ ‫َي ُح َّج‬ ‫‪َ 2‬ي ُحج‬ ‫‪َ 1‬ح َّج‬ ‫ُه َو‬
‫إ ِدغَام ‪to make‬‬ ‫‪is dropped‬‬ ‫َي ُح َّج ْا‬ ‫َي ُح َّج ْا‬ ‫َي ُح َّج ْا ِن‬ ‫َح َّجـ ْا‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫َي ُحج ْوإ‬ ‫َي ُحج ْوإ‬ ‫َي ُحج ْو َن‬ ‫َحج ْوإ‬ ‫ُه ْم‬
‫َي ْح ُج ُج َي ُح ْج ُج َي ُحج‬
‫َت ُح َّج ‪َ /‬ت ْح ُج ْج‬ ‫َت ُح َّج‬ ‫َت ُحج‬ ‫َح َّج ْت‬ ‫ِه َي‬
‫ل ‪ and‬ع ‪The‬‬ ‫‪ gets the vowel‬ف َكلِ َمة‬
‫‪َ combine‬كلِ َمة‬ ‫‪ which‬ع َكلِ َمة ‪sign from‬‬ ‫َت ُح َّج ْا‬ ‫َت ُح َّج ْا‬ ‫َت ُح َّج ْا ِن‬ ‫َح َّج َتـ ْا‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫إ ِدغَام ‪to make‬‬ ‫ع َكلِ َمة ‪is dropped from‬‬ ‫َيح ُجج َن‬ ‫َيح ُجج َن‬ ‫َيح ُجج َن‬ ‫َح َج ْج َن‬ ‫ُه َّن‬
‫‪ ‬ـ ْــ‬ ‫‪ُ 4‬ح َّج ‪ /‬إُ ْح ُج ْج‬ ‫َت ُح َّج ‪َ /‬ت ْح ُج ْج‬ ‫َت ُح َّج‬ ‫َت ُحج‬ ‫َح َج ْج َت‬ ‫إَن َْت‬
‫ـ‬‫ـ‬
‫ْْ‬‫ـ‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫َي ُح ْج ُج َي ُح ْج ْج َي ُح ْج َج َي ُح َّج‬ ‫ُح َّج ْا‬ ‫َت ُح َّج ْا‬ ‫َت ُح َّج ْا‬ ‫َت ُح َّج ْا ِن‬ ‫َح َج ْج ُت َما‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َما‬
‫َكلِ َمة ‪Since both letters are strong, the‬‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ُحج ْوإ‬ ‫َت ُحج ْوإ‬ ‫َت ُحج ْوإ‬ ‫َت ُحج ْو َن‬ ‫َح َج ْج ُت ْم‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت ْم‬
‫‪َ to remove‬ف ْت َ‬
‫حة ‪gets a‬‬ ‫إلسا ِك َنينِ‬ ‫إلتِق ُ‬
‫َاء َّ‬ ‫ُح ِّج ْي‬ ‫َت ُح ِّج ْي‬ ‫َت ُح ِّج ْي‬ ‫َت ُح ِّج ْي َن‬ ‫َح َج ْج ِت‬ ‫إَن ِْت‬
‫‪ ‬ـ ْــ‬ ‫ُح َّج ْا‬ ‫َت ُح َّج ْا‬ ‫َت ُح َّج ْا‬ ‫َت ُح َّج ْا ِن‬ ‫َح َج ْج ُت َما‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َما‬
‫ْــ ْـ‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫ُح َّج‬ ‫ُح ْج ْج ُح ْج َج‬ ‫َت ُح ْج ُج‬ ‫إُح ُجج َن‬ ‫َتح ُجج َن‬ ‫َتح ُجج َن‬ ‫َتح ُجج َن‬ ‫َح َج ْج ُت َّن‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َّن‬
‫َكلِ َمة ‪Since both letters are strong, the‬‬ ‫ل‬ ‫إَ ُح َّج ‪ /‬إَ ْح ُج ْج‬ ‫إَ ُح َّج‬ ‫إَ ُحج‬ ‫َح َج ْج ُت‬ ‫إَ َنا‬
‫حة ‪gets a‬‬ ‫إلسا ِك َنينِ‬
‫إلتِقَا ُء َّ‬ ‫َن ُح َّج ‪َ /‬ن ْح ُج ْج‬ ‫َن ُح َّج‬ ‫َن ُحج‬ ‫َح َج ْج َنا‬ ‫َن ْح ُن‬
‫ف ‪Changes in‬‬
‫( َباب َس ِم َع) ‪ – Ex:‬إل ُم َض َّع ُ‬ ‫س)‬ ‫س ( َم ِس َ‬
‫س) َي َمس ( َي ْم َس ُ‬ ‫َم َّ‬
‫إَ ْمر‬ ‫ُم َضارِع‬ ‫َماٍ‬
‫َم ِس َ‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫س‬
‫َم َّ‬ ‫س‬
‫َم ْس َ‬ ‫س‬
‫ل ‪ and‬ع ‪The‬‬
‫‪َ combine‬كلِ َمة‬
‫‪The vowel‬‬
‫َكلِ َمة ‪sign on‬‬ ‫ع‬ ‫س ‪َ /‬ي ْم َس ْس‬ ‫َّ‬ ‫م‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ي‬‫َ‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫س‬ ‫َي َم َّ‬ ‫‪َ 2‬ي َمس‬ ‫س‬ ‫‪َ 1‬م َّ‬ ‫ُه َو‬
‫إ ِدغَام ‪to make‬‬ ‫‪is dropped‬‬ ‫َي َم َّس ْا‬ ‫َي َم َّس ْا‬ ‫َي َم َّس ْا ِن‬ ‫َم َّس ْا‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫َي َمس ْوإ‬ ‫َي َمس ْوإ‬ ‫َي َمس ْو َن‬ ‫َمس ْوإ‬ ‫ُه ْم‬
‫س َي َمس‬
‫س َي َم ْس ُ‬
‫َي ْم َس ُ‬ ‫س ‪َ /‬ت ْم َس ْس‬ ‫َت َم َّ‬ ‫س‬ ‫َت َم َّ‬ ‫َت َمس‬ ‫َم َّس ْت‬ ‫ِه َي‬
‫ل ‪ and‬ع ‪The‬‬ ‫‪ gets the vowel‬ف َكلِ َمة‬
‫‪َ combine‬كلِ َمة‬ ‫‪ which‬ع َكلِ َمة ‪sign from‬‬ ‫َت َم َّس ْا‬ ‫َت َم َّس ْا‬ ‫َت َم َّس ْا ِن‬ ‫َم َّس َتـ ْا‬ ‫ُه َما‬
‫إ ِدغَام ‪to make‬‬ ‫ع َكلِ َمة ‪is dropped from‬‬ ‫َي ْم َس ْس َن‬ ‫َي ْم َس ْس َن‬ ‫َي ْم َس ْس َن‬ ‫َم ِس ْس َن‬ ‫ُه َّن‬
‫‪ ‬ـ ْــ‬ ‫س ‪ /‬إِ ْم َس ْس‬ ‫‪َ 4‬م َّ‬ ‫س ‪َ /‬ت ْم َس ْس‬ ‫َت َم َّ‬ ‫س‬ ‫َت َم َّ‬ ‫َت َمس‬ ‫َم ِس ْس َت‬ ‫إَن َْت‬
‫ـ‬‫ـ‬
‫ْْ‬‫ـ‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫س‬
‫س َي َم َّ‬
‫س َي َم ْس ْس َي َم ْس َ‬ ‫َي َم ْس ُ‬ ‫َم َّس ْا‬ ‫َت َم َّس ْا‬ ‫َت َم َّس ْا‬ ‫َت َم َّس ْا ِن‬ ‫َم ِس ْس ُت َما‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َما‬
‫َكلِ َمة ‪Since both letters are strong, the‬‬ ‫ل‬ ‫َمس ْوإ‬ ‫َت َمس ْوإ‬ ‫َت َمس ْوإ‬ ‫َت َمس ْو َن‬ ‫َم ِس ْس ُت ْم‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت ْم‬
‫حة ‪gets a‬‬ ‫إلسا ِك َنينِ‬ ‫إلتِق ُ‬
‫َاء َّ‬ ‫َم ِّس ْي‬ ‫َت َم ِّس ْي‬ ‫َت َم ِّس ْي‬ ‫َت َم ِّس ْي َن‬ ‫َم ِس ْس ِت‬ ‫إَن ِْت‬
‫‪ ‬ـ ْــ‬ ‫َم َّس ْا‬ ‫َت َم َّس ْا‬ ‫َت َم َّس ْا‬ ‫َت َم َّس ْا ِن‬ ‫َم ِس ْس ُت َما‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َما‬
‫ْــ ْـ‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫س‬
‫َم َّ‬ ‫س‬ ‫إِ ْم َس ْس َن‬ ‫َت ْم َس ْس َن‬ ‫َت ْم َس ْس َن‬ ‫َت ْم َس ْس َن‬ ‫َم ِس ْس ُت َّن‬ ‫إَ ْن ُت َّن‬
‫َم ْس ْس َم ْس َ‬ ‫س‬ ‫َت َم ْس ُ‬
‫َكلِ َمة ‪Since both letters are strong, the‬‬ ‫ل‬ ‫س ‪ /‬إَ ْم َس ْس‬ ‫إَ َم َّ‬ ‫س‬ ‫إَ َم َّ‬ ‫إَ َمس‬ ‫َم ِس ْس ُت‬ ‫إَ َنا‬
‫حة ‪gets a‬‬ ‫إلسا ِك َنينِ‬
‫إلتِقَا ُء َّ‬ ‫س ‪َ /‬ن ْم َس ْس‬ ‫َن َم َّ‬ ‫س‬ ‫َن َم َّ‬ ‫َن َمس‬ ‫َم ِس ْس َنا‬ ‫َن ْح ُن‬
Qur’anic References for ‫فِ ْعل ُم َض َّعف‬
ٍ‫َما‬ ‫اْلاقة‬ ٍ‫َما‬ ‫ابلقرة‬
‫ر‬ َ َ َ ُ ِّ َ ُ َ َ ِّ ُ ُ َّ َ ُ َ َّ َ ُ ‫َّ َّ ر ُ ُ ر َ ر َ ُ َ َّ َّ ُ َ ُ ر‬
َ‫ول َو َّاَّلِين‬
٢٠ ‫حسابِيه‬ِ ‫إ ِ ِِن ظننت أ ِِن مًل ٍق‬ ‫ِت يقول الرس‬ َٰ ‫ مستهم ابلأساء والُضاء وزل ِزلوا ح‬...
ٌ َ َّ َ ‫َ ُ َ َ ُ َ َ َٰ َ ر ُ َّ َ َ َّ َ ر‬
٢١٤ ‫آمنوا معه مِت نِص اللـهِ ۗ أَل إِن نِص اللـهِ ق ِريب‬
Indeed, I was certain that I would be meeting my account." (69:20)
ٍ‫َما‬ ٍ‫َما‬ ‫النساء‬ They were touched by poverty and hardship and were shaken until [even
ً َ َ ُّ َ ‫َّ َ ر‬ َ َ ُّ َ َ ُ َ َ َ َّ َّ their] messenger and those who believed with him said, "When is the
‫يل اللـهِ قد ضلوا ضًلَل‬
ِ ِ ‫إِن اَّلِين كفروا وصدوا عن سب‬ help of Allah?" Unquestionably, the help of Allah is near. (2:214)
‫ُم َضارِع َم ْن ُصوب‬ ‫ابلقرة‬
ً ‫بَع‬
١٦٧ ‫يدا‬ِ ً َ ُ ‫َ َ ُ َ َ َ َّ َ َّ ُ َّ َ َّ ً َّ ر‬
Indeed, those who disbelieve and avert [people] from the way of Allah
٨٠ ... ۚ ‫وقالوا لن تمسنا انلار إَِل أياما معدودة‬
have certainly gone far astray. (4:167) And they say, "Never will the Fire touch us, except for a few days.“ …
‫إَ ْمر‬ ‫النساء‬
(2:80) ‫م َضارِع م ْجزوم‬
ُ َ ُ ‫األعراف‬
َ ُ ‫ُ ُر ُر‬ َّ َ ُ ُّ ُ َ ‫َ ر‬ ‫َ ََ َ ر‬ َ ٌ َ َ ‫َ َ َ َ ُّ َ ُ َ َ ر ُ َ ُ ر‬
ُ َّ َ ‫ر‬ ُ
‫فإِن تنازعتم ِِف ش ٍء فردوه إَِل اللـهِ والرسو ِل إِن كنتم تؤ ِمنون‬ ٌ
٧٣ ‫ وَل تمسوها بِسو ٍء فيأخذكم عذاب أ ِِلم‬...
‫َّ َ ر َ ر ر‬
ِ ‫بِاللـهِ واِلو ِم اْل‬
… and do not touch her with harm, lest there seize you a painful
٥٩ ... ۚ ‫خ ِر‬ punishment. (7:73) ‫مضارِع مجزوم‬
ُْ َ َ ُ ‫مريم‬
ًّ َ ُ َ ‫َُ ٌ ََر َ ر َ ر ََ ََر‬ ُ ُ َ َٰ َّ َ ‫َ َ ر‬
ٌ
And if you disagree over anything, refer it to Allah and the Messenger, if
you should believe in Allah and the Last Day … (4:59) ٢٠ ‫قالت أِن يكون َِل غًلم ولم يمسس ِِن برش ولم أك ب ِغيا‬
She said, "How can I have a boy while no man has touched me and I have
not been unchaste?" (19:20)

LQM Quranic Arabic Notes Level2 v12

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‫الرِح ْيِم‬

َّ ‫الر ْح َم ِن‬ ِ ‫بِسِم‬

Date Ver Author Revision Comments

Qur’anic Arabic Notes – Level 2 (v. 12) | info@lqmississauga.com | www.lqmississauga.com | © LQ Mississauga 3

▪ ‫ إِ َّن‬has many meanings, e.g. indeed, verily, truly, surely, …

‫اب َج ِديد‬ ِ ‫اب َج ِديد‬ ِ ‫إ ِ َّن‬

‫َخ َبر‬ ‫ُمب َت َدإ‬ ‫َخ َب ُر إِ َّن‬ ‫رف َتو ِكيد‬

Qur’anic Arabic Notes – Level 2 (v. 12) | info@lqmississauga.com | www.lqmississauga.com | © LQ Mississauga 4

The pronoun (‫ض ِمير‬

Following words are called “Sisters of ‫ ”إ ِ َّن‬because grammatically they act

▪ ‫ إَ ْم‬means “or” and is used in an interrogative sentence.

… Choice 2 ‫َإ ْم‬ … Choice 1 َ‫إ‬

Qur’anic Arabic Notes – Level 2 (v. 12) | info@lqmississauga.com | www.lqmississauga.com | © LQ Mississauga 7

Qur’anic Arabic Notes – Level 2 (v. 12) | info@lqmississauga.com | www.lqmississauga.com | © LQ Mississauga 8

▪ ‫س‬َ ‫ َل ْي‬is verb meaning “is not”

‫ُمب َت َدإ‬ ‫رف َج ٍّر‬ ُ ‫َح‬ ‫فِعل‬

The book is ‫اب َج ِديدإ‬ ِ ‫س‬

Qur’anic Arabic Notes – Level 2 (v. 12) | info@lqmississauga.com | www.lqmississauga.com | © LQ Mississauga 9

This can also be written as

I am not a ‫َل ْس ُت بِ َط ِبيب‬ I am not a ‫َل ْس ُت بِ َط ِبيب‬ ‫إَ َنا‬

This can also be written as

Qur’anic Arabic Notes – Level 2 (v. 12) | info@lqmississauga.com | www.lqmississauga.com | © LQ Mississauga 11

… Is not that [Creator] Able to give life to the dead? (75:40)

Qur’anic Arabic Notes – Level 2 (v. 12) | info@lqmississauga.com | www.lqmississauga.com | © LQ Mississauga 12

‫إت ُخ ُلق‬ ُ ‫إُ ْول ِئ َك إل َّطالِ َب‬

Qur’anic Arabic Notes – Level 2 (v. 12) | info@lqmississauga.com | www.lqmississauga.com | © LQ Mississauga 14

Adjective Comparative Superlative

‫حبِهِ وهو ُياوِره أنا أكث مِنك ماَل‬ َ

Qur’anic Arabic Notes – Level 2 (v. 12) | info@lqmississauga.com | www.lqmississauga.com | © LQ Mississauga 16

‫َعدَد‬ ‫ُم َزكَّر َمع ُدود‬ ‫ُم َؤنَّث َمعدُود‬

‫َعدَد َمعدُود‬ ‫َعدَد َمعدُود‬

Qur’anic Arabic Notes – Level 2 (v. 12) | info@lqmississauga.com | www.lqmississauga.com | © LQ Mississauga 19

▪ Starts with a verb ▪ Starts with a noun

‫إل ُجم َل ُة إل ِفع ِل َّية‬ ‫إل ُجم َل ُة ِإلأس ِم َّية‬

‫( َمف ُعول بِ ِه‬Object): Target ‫(ف َِاعل‬Subject): Doer of

Qur’anic Arabic Notes – Level 2 (v. 12) | info@lqmississauga.com | www.lqmississauga.com | © LQ Mississauga 20

‫َذ َه ْب ِت‬ ِ َ‫إ‬

Hâmid asked Bilal ‫َساَلَ َح ِامد بِ َلالأ‬

Hâmid asked him ‫َح ِامد‬ ‫َساَ َلـ ُه‬

Qur’anic Arabic Notes – Level 2 (v. 12) | info@lqmississauga.com | www.lqmississauga.com | © LQ Mississauga 23

▪ Either ‫ َم ْج ُرور‬or ‫َم ْن ُصوب‬ ‫ُه‬ ][ ▪ Always ‫َمرفُوع‬

Verb ‫َم ْف ُعول بِ ِه‬ ‫َم ْن ُصوب‬ َ‫ك‬ ‫َت‬

‫‪He asked him‬‬ ‫‪He asked Hamid‬‬ ‫‪Hamid asked him‬‬

‫‪You asked them‬‬ ‫‪You asked Hamid‬‬ ‫‪Hamid asked you‬‬

‫َساَ ْل َت ُهم‬ ‫َساَ ْل َت َح ِامدإ‬ ‫َح ِامد‬ ‫َساَ َل َك‬

‫‪I asked you‬‬ ‫‪I asked Hamid‬‬ ‫‪Hamid asked me‬‬

1. What was the action performed on?

Present & Future Tense Verb Past Tense Verb

‫ فِعل ُم َضارِع‬conveys an incomplete ٍ‫ فِعل َما‬conveys a completed action.

Qur’anic Arabic Notes – Level 2 (v. 12) | info@lqmississauga.com | www.lqmississauga.com | © LQ Mississauga 27

Present & Future Tense Verb Past Tense Verb

‫َي ْق ُت ُل‬ ‫َق َت َل‬

‫َي ْذ َه ُب‬ ‫َذ َه َب‬

‫َيشْ َر ُب‬ ‫شَ ر َِب‬

‫َي ْكـثُـ ُر‬ ‫كَـثُـ َر‬

Qur’anic Arabic Notes – Level 2 (v. 12) | info@lqmississauga.com | www.lqmississauga.com | © LQ Mississauga 28

ُ ‫ــب َيــ ْكــــ ُت‬

‫َذ َه َب َي ْذ َه ُب‬ )‫َض َّمة (ــُــ‬ )‫َتحة (ـ َـــ‬

‫شَ ر َِب َيشْ َر ُب‬ the 2nd radical is different in

‫كَـثُـ َر َي ْكـثُـ ُر‬