Herbal Its Project Biology.....

Herbal
medicine
Done by :
Mohammed A
Qazzaz
Herbal medicine : also called botanical
medicine or phytomedicine .
Herbalism is a traditional medicinal or folk
medicine practice based on the use of :
•a plant's seeds,
• berries, roots,
• bark, or flowers
•and plant extracts for
medicinal purposes
Advances in clinical research show the value
of herbal medicine in the treating and
preventing disease.
Researchers found that :
people in different parts of the world
tended to use the same or similar plants
for the same purposes.
History:
•Plants had been used
for medicinal purposes
long before recorded
history.
•Ancient Chinese and

Egyptian papyrus
writings describe
medicinal uses for plants.
•In the early 19th century:
scientists began to extract and modify
the active ingredients from plants.
•In the last 20 years in the United States:

there is an increase in herbal medicine
use, due to :
public dissatisfaction with the cost of
prescription medications,
interest in returning to natural or
organic remedies,
•Recently, WHO estimated that
80% of people worldwide rely on
herbal medicines for some part
of their primary health care.
•In Germany, about 600 - 700

plant-based medicines are
available and are prescribed by
some 70% of German physicians.
Complementary And Alternative Medicine (CAM)
in Palestine:
• 72.8% of respondents have used at least

one type of CAM in the last year.
• CAM users were mainly middle-aged,
low-income, educated women.
• Herbal therapy, prayers, and honey were
the most utilized types of CAM.
• CAM utilized because they believed that
it is all natural and safe.
Herbs as Food
supplements
Herbal supplements are
classified as:
– Dietary supplements by the U.S.

Dietary Supplement Health and
Education Act (DSHEA) of 1994.
How do herbs work?
• In many cases, scientists aren' t sure
– what specific ingredient in a
particular herb works to treat a
condition or illness?
• Whole herbs contain many
ingredients, and they may work
together to produce a beneficial
effect.
Standardization
• Some herbal preparations are
standardized, meaning that the
preparation is guaranteed to
contain a specific amount of the
active ingredients of the herb.
• However, it is still important to ask
companies making standardized
herbal products about their
product's guarantee.
Effectiveness Factors
1.the type of environment
(climate, bugs, soil quality)
in which a plant grew.
2.how and when it was
harvested and
processed.
Medicinal Uses
• Asthma
• Eczema
• Premenstrual syndrome
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Migraine headache
• Menopausal symptoms
• Chronic fatigue
• Irritable bowel syndrome
Scope of Herbal Medicine
• Nutrition: food & nutrients

e.g. Coriander, Garlic, Nettle & Oats
• Maintenance of Health:
e.g.Dandelion, Garlic
• Treatment of Disease: acute &

chronic
Drugs from plant sources
• Aspirin •Codeine
• Cocaine •Ergotamine
• Quinidine •Morphine
• Scopolamine •Digoxin
• Tubocurarine •Pilocarpine
How is herbal medicine sold in stores?
• The herbs come in

several different forms:
– teas
– syrups
– oils
– liquid extracts
– tinctures
– and dry extracts
(pills or capsules).
Safety:
• Many consumers believe that herbal
medicines are natural and therefore safe.
– This is a dangerous simplification.
• Because :
• They are unregulated>>mislabeled.
• May contain additives and
contaminants.
• May cause allergic reactions .
• Interact with conventional drugs.
• Toxic if used improperly or at high
doses.
Herbs & Weight
loss
• Certain herbs "trick" the brain
into thinking the stomach is full.
• But others are thermogenic (speed up the
body's metabolism)>>burning more
unwanted fats.
• Thermogenic herbs contain stimulants
that
– Work to speed up the body's heart rate,
respiration and digestion
– The most common thermogenic
herbs is caffeine.
Herbs with serious side effects
– Herbal Laxatives : Usually sold as

a diet tea, cascara, senna,
• cause cramping, diarrhea, and
if overused,
• could cause bowels to no
longer function without laxative
stimulation.
– Ephedra : in high doses can raise

blood pressure, increase heart
rate, and over stimulate the CNS.
FDA reports
• More than 800 reports of
side effects linked with the
use of ephedra.
• Including heart palpitations,

seizures, stroke, chest pain,
and heart attack.
• This herb has caused at

least two deaths!
Safe herbs in weight loss
• Cayenne >>stimulate digestion and
increase metabolism and fat
burning.
• Green tea>> contains caffeine and
antioxidants that appear to
stimulate metabolism.
• Seaweed, or kelp>> is a natural
thyroid stimulant, which may boost
metabolism.
• Nettle >> a thermogenic herb.
• Ginseng >> boost energy and
metabolism.
• Hoodia >>interrupting or stopping
the hunger mechanism in the brain.
(contraindicated in Diabetics ?)
Nettle Cayenne plant
Salad of seaweed Hoodia Gordonii
Ephedra senna
A study aimed to describe (SEs) associated with
herbal products used for weight control in Italy,
found that:
• 64% of the suspected SEs were associated
with herbal products used for weight control.
• Women were involved in 85% of the reports.
• The reactions affected mainly the
cardiovascular system, the skin, the digestive
system, the CNS , and the liver.
• A large proportion of SEs were serious.
So ,to be safe …………..
• Consult your doctor first

• Do not take a bigger dose than
the label recommends
• Take it under the guidance of a
trained medical professional
• Be especially cautious if you are
pregnant or nursing
Ten Red Flags for
Consumers
• Recommendations that promise a quick fix.
• Dire warnings of danger from a single product or
regimen.
• Claims that sound too good to be true.
• Simplistic conclusions drawn from a complex
study.
• Recommendations based on a single study.
• Dramatic statements that are refuted by
reputable scientific organizations.
• Lists of "good" and "bad" foods.
• Recommendations made to help sell a product.
• Recommendations based on studies published
without peer review.
• Recommendations from studies that ignore
differences among individuals or groups.
Some of the
most common
Herbs In Gaza
Garlic
• Lower cholesterol and
triglycerides
• Kill Worms, roundworm
• Hypertension, blood circulation
• Cancer prevention
• Diabetes
• Bronchitis, asthma, allergies

Garlic Side
Effects
• Skin rash in
sensitive people.
• Over
consumption
cause heartburn
and gases.
Ginger
• Colds, coughs & vomiting
• Reduce Angina episodes >> lowering

cholesterol
• Relieve Arthritis
• Nausea, motion sickness , Morning

sickness
• Menstrual cramps
Ginger Side Effects
• If U taking Blood thinners, have a
bleeding disorder, or have
gallbladder disease don't take
medicinal doses of ginger.
• During pregnancy >>

stimulate uterine
contractions.
Anise
• Expectorant.
• Coughs and Bronchitis
• Parasite Repellant
Anise Side Effects
• Narcotic in large doses.
• Anise seeds contain anethole, a
plant hormone similar to human
estrogen, avoid when pregnant
and use with caution in very
young babies.
• The essential oil is for topical use
only.
Green tea
• Reduce Cancer incidence
• Metabolism booster
• Lowering Cholesterol
• Relieve inflammation and

itching of insect bites
• Reduce Pink eye

inflammation ,
Conjunctivitis
Green Tea Side Effects
• Overuse of caffeine
can affect sleep >>
Insomia
Lavende
r
• Reduce Anxiety & Stress
• Healing of Skin abrasions ,
Burns & scalds
• Anti-inflammatory and
antiseptic Flea bites, rashes
• Relive Fibromyalgia
Lavende
• Lowering rblood pressure & relaxes
cardiac spasms such as
tachycardia
• Relive Arthritis & improve

circulation
• Relaxation of nick & head muscle >>

Nervous headache
• Effective for Leucorrhoea

Thyme
• Reduce Fever, bronchitis
• Fighting Toothache/ tooth

infections
• Cough, flu & sore throat
• Insect repellent
Thyme Side
• Excessive Effects:
amounts can
effect menstrual cycles.
• Thymol is toxic and should
be used with great care and
in moderation.
• The essential oil should
never be applied undiluted
and is not suitable for use
in small children.
Black Seed
• Relive Rheumatoid Arthritis,
High Blood Pressure
• Anti-inflammatory, analgesic,
antipyretic, antimicrobial and
antineoplastic activity.
• Preventing Hair loss -
Healthy Hair >> Aminoacids
Black Seed oil Side Effects:
• Undiluted oil can cause skin

irritation.
• Not to be used in pregnant
women.
Chamomile
• Calms anxiety, eases stress and
may have a positive effect
on attention deficit disorder (ADD).
• Used for irritable bowel syndrome.
• Anti-inflammatory and
antihistamine actions
• Effective for nausea and morning
sickness when used with ginger
Chamomile Side Effects
• Allergy for sensitive people

• Avoid chamomile teas
when taking blood thinners >
> contain natural blood
thinner (coumarins)
Drugs
from
Herbal
extracts
Al-Zawyah
Market in
Gaza
Than
k you

Herbal Its Project Biology.....

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Herbal

•Ancient Chinese and

•In the last 20 years in the United States:

•In Germany, about 600 - 700

• 72.8% of respondents have used at least

– Dietary supplements by the U.S.

• Nutrition: food & nutrients

• Treatment of Disease: acute &

• The herbs come in

– Herbal Laxatives : Usually sold as

– Ephedra : in high doses can raise

• Including heart palpitations,

• This herb has caused at

• Consult your doctor first

• Kill Worms, roundworm

• Hypertension, blood circulation

• Bronchitis, asthma, allergies

• Reduce Angina episodes >> lowering

• Nausea, motion sickness , Morning

• During pregnancy >>

• Coughs and Bronchitis

• Relieve inflammation and

• Reduce Pink eye

• Relive Arthritis & improve

• Relaxation of nick & head muscle >>

• Effective for Leucorrhoea

• Fighting Toothache/ tooth

• Cough, flu & sore throat

• Undiluted oil can cause skin

• Allergy for sensitive people

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