Investigatory Project-Biology: Coffee Addiction

MAHESHWARI PUBLIC SCHOOL SECTOR-
4, JAWAHAR NAGAR
Investigatory Project-Biology
Coffee Addiction
Submitted by:- Raghav Gahlot
Class Section: 11-A1
Roll No. 11162
Submitted to:- Satyendra

Singh Sir
Certificate
This is to certify that Raghav Gahlot a student of class 11-A1 has
successfully completed the research on the project under the
guidance of respected Mr. Satyendra Singh during the session
2021-22 in partial fulfilment of biology practical examination of
central board of secondary education (CBSE).
Principal Subject Teacher

Mr. Ashok Vaid Mr. Satyendra Singh
Acknowledgement
I would like to express my special thanks to CBSE,
Maheshwari Public school, our respected principal sir Mr.
Ashok Vaid and to the management team of our school
who gave me the golden opportunity to do this wonderful
project on the topics coffee addiction, which also helped
me in doing a lot of research and I came to know about so
many new things.
Coffee Addiction
Abstract:
The goal of the project is to study coffee addiction its causes and
effects of coffee withdrawal in 3 persons.
Coffee is a brewed drink prepared from roasted seeds,
commonly called coffee beans, of the coffee plant. They are
seeds of coffee cherries that grow on trees in over 70 countries,
cultivated primarily in Latin America, Southeast Asia, and Africa.
Green unroasted coffee is one of the most traded agricultural
commodities in the world. Due to its caffeine content, coffee
often has a stimulating effect on humans.
A General Introduction on Caffeine:

Caffeine is a bitter, white crystalline xanthine alkaloid that is a
psychoactive stimulant drug. Caffeine was isolated in 1820 by a
German chemist, Friendlier Ferdinand Runge. Caffeine is found
in varying quantities in the beans, leaves, and fruit of some
plants, where it acts as a natural pesticide that paralyzes and kills
certain insects feeding on the plants. [6] It is most commonly
consumed by humans in infusions extracted from the bean of the
coffee plant and the leaves of the tea bush, as well as from
various foods and drinks containing products derived from the
kola nut. In humans, caffeine acts as a central nervous system
(CNS) stimulant, temporarily warding off drowsiness and
restoring alertness. Caffeine is the world's most widely
consumed psychoactive substance, but, unlike many other
psychoactive substances, is legal and unregulated in nearly all
jurisdictions.
Caffeine Consumption and Its Effects:

Caffeine is a potent and quick-acting drug which produces an
effect similar to the stress response in our bodies. Caffeine
affects each person differently, depending on individual
circumstances such as weight, build, etc. It has an almost instant
effect on your mind-body which will continue to influence your
state for 6-8 hours afterwards.
Some commonly observed effects of caffeine are:

1. Stimulates your heart, respiratory system, and central nervous
system.
2. makes your blood more `sludgy' by raising the level of fatty

acids in the blood.
3. Causes messages to be passed along your nervous system
more quickly
4. Stimulates blood circulation
5. Raises blood pressure
6. Causes your stomach to produce more acid
7. Irritates the stomach lining
8. Makes digestion less effective by relaxing the muscles of your

intestinal system
9. Its diuretic effect caused increased urination - although you

would have to drink about 8 cups of coffee in one sitting for
this to occur
10. Stimulates the cortex of your brain heightening the intensity

of mental activity. This can result in a temporary feeling of
alertness and, in the short term, banishes drowsiness and
feelings of fatigue. In those who already have high levels of
anxiety the heightened intensity of mental activity can
produce unpleasant effects. But check out below which
contradicts this.
11. Affects the length and quality of sleep. Heavy caffeine users
suffer from sleep-deprivation because their nervous system is
too stimulated to allow them deep, restful or prolonged sleep.
Sources of Caffeine:
As little as 20 mgs of caffeine can produce noticeable body and
mood changes. As a very rough guide to how much caffeine you
may be taking on a daily basis...
An average cup of tea contains around 50 mgs of caffeine.
An average cup of instant coffee contains around 70-100 mgs.
Instant decaffeinated coffee contains about 3 mgs.
A 6 oz. cup of espresso coffee (much larger than the normal cafe
cup, incidentally) contains about 80-90 mgs. A single-hit
cappuccino will contain the same amount.
Filter coffee (called 'drip' in the US) can contain 25-50% more
caffeine than instant.
A 340 ml or 12 oz. can of regular or diet cola contains between
35 and 45 mgs. Of caffeine depending on the brand
Some so-called 'energy drinks' contain very high doses of caffeine
- equivalent to 4 or more cups of strong coffee in one dose!
One ounce or 28 grams of chocolate contains about 10-15 mgs.
Overuse:
In large amounts, and especially over extended periods of time,
caffeine can lead to a condition known as caffeinism. Caffeinism
usually combines caffeine dependency with a wide range of
unpleasant physical and mental conditions including
nervousness, irritability, anxiety, tremulousness, muscle
twitching (hyperreflexia), insomnia, headaches, respiratory
alkalosis, and heart palpitations.[103][104] Furthermore,
because caffeine increases the production of stomach acid, high
usage over time can lead to peptic ulcers, erosive esophagitis,
and gastroesophageal reflux disease. Caffeine may also increase
the toxicity of certain other drugs, such as paracetamol.
There are four caffeine-induced psychiatric disorders recognized
by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,
Fourth Edition: caffeine intoxication, caffeine-induced anxiety
disorder, caffeine-induced sleep disorder, and caffeine-related
disorder not otherwise specified
Caffeine intoxication:
An acute overdose of caffeine usually in excess of about 300
milligrams, dependent on body weight and level of caffeine
tolerance, can result in a state of central nervous system
overstimulation called caffeine intoxication (DSM-IV 305.90), or
colloquially the "caffeine jitters". The symptoms of caffeine
intoxication are not unlike overdoses of other stimulants. It may
include restlessness, fidgetiness, nervousness, excitement, and
euphoria, insomnia, flushing of the face, increased urination,
gastrointestinal disturbance, muscle twitching, a rambling flow
of thought and speech, irritability, irregular or rapid heartbeat,
and psychomotor agitation. In cases of much larger overdoses,
mania, depression, lapses in judgment, disorientation,
disinhibition, delusions, hallucinations, and psychosis may occur,
and rhabdomyolysis (breakdown of skeletal muscle tissue) can
be provoked.
Extreme overdose can result in death. [110] the median lethal
dose (LD50) given orally, is 192 milligrams per kilogram in rats.
The LD50 of caffeine in humans is dependent on weight and
individual sensitivity and estimated to be about 150 to 200
milligrams per kilogram of body mass, roughly 80 to 100 cups of
coffee for an average adult taken within a limited time frame that
is dependent on half-life. Though achieving lethal dose with
caffeine would be exceptionally difficult with regular coffee,
there have been reported deaths from overdosing on caffeine
pills, with serious symptoms of overdose requiring
hospitalization occurring from as little as 2 grams of caffeine.
Caffeine withdrawal a case study:

The following symptoms were observed in common on the 4
members of my society, I conducted the study on. I choose them
as they drink coffee twice a day i.e. in morning and in the evening
The symptoms observed were
The symptoms were observed roughly 12-18 hrs. after
withdrawal. They get worst after 24-48 hrs. and could last for a
week.
• Irritable
• Restless
• Muscles stiffness
• Difficulty in concentrating
• Headache moderate to severe
• Chills &/or hot spells

• Causes more blood to gather in head causing migraine like
headache due to our body becoming over sensitive to
adenosine.
• Excessive sleepiness
What the experts suggest:

To avoid uncomfortable withdrawal effects it is wise to ease off
caffeine over a period of 7-14 days to reduce the discomfort.
Reduce and then stop the richest sources (especially coffee) first.
It is unwise, particularly if you are a heavy user, to suddenly stop
caffeine altogether
When you stop caffeine you allow your body to catch up on its
lost rest. This takes some time. Using caffeine to force yourself
into activity is like flogging an exhausted horse.
For the first few weeks after stopping caffeine you may find that
you are sleeping deeper and for longer. For this reason it is a
good idea to allow yourself an extra hour per night for a few
weeks, increasing this if you continue to experience lethargy in
the mornings.
Conclusion:
Though the effect of coffee or caffeine on our body is debated
many agree for it being positive while many agree for it being
negative. The most accurate statement at such a debate will be
using it in a controlled way can be useful rather harmful. As is
well said Conscience keeps more people awake than coffee
Reference:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caffeine
http://pegasusnlpblog.com/caffeine-induced-panics
http://coffeetea.about.com/od/caffeine/a/symptoms.htm

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MAHESHWARI PUBLIC SCHOOL SECTOR-

Submitted to:- Satyendra

Principal Subject Teacher

A General Introduction on Caffeine:

Caffeine Consumption and Its Effects:

Some commonly observed effects of caffeine are:

2. makes your blood more `sludgy' by raising the level of fatty

4. Stimulates blood circulation

5. Raises blood pressure

6. Causes your stomach to produce more acid

7. Irritates the stomach lining

8. Makes digestion less effective by relaxing the muscles of your

9. Its diuretic effect caused increased urination - although you

10. Stimulates the cortex of your brain heightening the intensity

Caffeine withdrawal a case study:

• Headache moderate to severe

• Chills &/or hot spells

What the experts suggest:

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