VISUAL MEDIA HANDOUT

DEFINITION OF VISUAL MEDIA

 Visual - pertaining to seeing or sighting

 Media - the means of communication that reaches large numbers of people such as
television, newspaper, magazine radio, and the internet.
 Visual media are sources of information in the form of visual representations.
 Visual aid in visual instructional concept is every picture, model, object, or other tool
that gives the students real visual experience.
 “Visual Media” is a colloquial expression used to designate things like TV, movies,
photography, painting, and so on. All the so-called visual media turn out, on closer
inspection, to involve the other senses (especially touch and hearing.)

BRIEF HISTORY OF VISUAL MEDIA

 In the early days of multimedia research, the first image dataset collected
consisted of only four still grayscale images captured by a drum scanner. At the
time, digital imaging was only available in laboratories, and digital videos barely
existed.
 Half a century later, the amount of visual data has exploded at an unprecedented
rate.
 Images and videos are now created, stored, and used by the majority of the
population.
 PURPOSE OF VISUAL MEDIA
1. To Express
 It allows the author to share opinions, feelings, and points of view on certain
issues and topics.

2. To Entertain
 It gives the audience a form of amusement, something to laugh about or keep
them engaged.

3. To Inform
 It provides facts that may be useful for the audience to know.

4. To Persuade
 It moves viewers to take action, like buying products that are being advertised.

TYPES OF VISUAL MEDIA

THINKING MAPS

 Thinking Maps are a set of graphic organizers developed by Dr. David Hyerle.
 It is a learning method, which could visualize learners’ thinking and abstract
thoughts with concrete visuals. Specifically, the thinking map can help learners to
organize their ideas and information effectively.
 It is a whole-school, brain-based approach to teaching and learning designed to
build foundational critical thinking, problem-solving, comprehension, and
communication skills necessary for academic success. The Maps provide a shared
visual “language for learning” for an entire school or district.
TYPES OF THINKING MAPS
1. Circle maps - (Brainstorming Topic)
 It is an effective approach for users to understand a specific topic in both
individual and group activities.
2. Bubble Map – (Describing Subjects)
 Bubble maps are a tool to describe a subject using adjectives. This could make
learners think more in-depth about a given topic, so in school, students could
identify and summary the related adjectives for the subjects
 Overall, this characteristic of the bubble map describes and supports your
center topic with more details
3. Flow Map – (Ordering and Sequencing)
 The flow map aims to visualize a process and progression. Information and
steps of the process can be labeled and identified well and specifically.
4. Multi-Flow Map – (Analyzing Reason and Results)
 The multi-flow map focuses on the analysis of reason and results. The left
rectangles represent the causes, while the right one shows the possible
effects.
5. Brace Map – (Identifying the Components)
 Brace map aims to the relationship between the parts and the whole subject.
 Is a tool to instruct people, including components of certain subjects.
6. Tree Map – (Classifying and Organizing)
 It organizes information so that people can classify the objects by the
connections with the main categories. Usually, the main topic is on the top,
and the relevant information is just listed below.

7. Double Bubble Map – (Comparing and Contrasting)

 The double bubble map puts two bubble maps together so that users can
compare the differences and similarities easily. The combined shadows are
the similarities, while the differences are in each left part of the circles.
 The double bubble map does a great job in comparison and connections.
8. Bridge Map – (Seeing Similarities)
 The bridge map helps users to find the similarities and connections between
objects by comparison. It is natural for people to learn new things by
connecting to prior knowledge. In this situation, analogy skills are very
important.
BENEFITS OF THINKING MAPS
1. Functions

 Thinking Maps are visual tools that students and teachers can use to organize
ideas and thus enhance learning.
 Teachers can use Thinking Maps to teach many subjects, making curricular
options broader. Students of all ages in a school district can learn the common
language of Thinking Maps and potentially create more complex and well-
reasoned work.
 Educators can choose Thinking Maps to increase abstract thinking skills and
to improve student interest in learning.

2. Types

There are many general types of graphic organizers used in classrooms, some common
ones being Venn diagrams, flow charts and KWL tables. The Thinking Maps model includes eight
graphic organizers of its own, each with a different purpose:

 Circle Map - used for defining in context

 Bubble Map - used for describing with adjectives
 Flow Map - used for sequencing and ordering
 Multi-Flow Map - used for analyzing causes and effects
 Brace Map - used for identifying part/whole relationships
 Tree Map - used for classifying and grouping
 Double Bubble Map - used for comparing and contrasting
 Bridge Map - used for seeing analogies

3. Theories/ Speculations

It increased student intelligence by 10 I.Q. points on average. More recent research by

Hyerle has demonstrated that the Thinking Maps model probably increases students'
knowledge retention by enabling tighter connections between old and new material.

4. Benefits

The main benefits of the Thinking Maps model are that is it "Reflective, consistent,
integrative, flexible and developmental." Other benefits include an emphasis on complex
thinking skills, the development of independence as students learn to use the eight organizers,
appropriateness for all age levels, cross-disciplinary freedom and research demonstrating
increased student comprehension.
 5. Expert Insight

Thinking Maps graphic organizers give students a way of recalling stored information by
using patterns, which helps them integrate new information. The Thinking Maps model is
designed to promote a complete sequence of critical thinking.

INFOGRAPHICS
Infographics are a great way to summarize important information, and, as a bonus, they
create eye candy for the viewer. An infographic example is a visual representation of
information and includes various elements, such as images, icons, text, charts, and diagrams, to
convey messages at a glance.

TYPES OF INFOGRAPHICS

1. List-based Infographic

This type of infographic consists of content in a list format. A list-based infographic

focuses on content that needs to be read in a specific order.

2. Comparison Infographic

This type of infographic compares and contrasts two or more different topics. A
comparison infographic allows the reader to see the pros and cons, or the similarities and
differences, between the topics that are being compared to one another.

3. Visual article Infographic

This infographic type allows a writer to make their article visual instead of relying on
heavy text. A visual article infographic consists of a lot of visuals relevant to the content of the
article. The approach makes it easier for the reader to work through the article instead of
spending too much time reading the content.

4. Interactive Infographic

Consists of graphs and charts, while also adding in dynamic elements that can include
pop-ups or questions.
5. Data visualization Infographic

This type of infographic is when data is being displayed in charts or graphs. At times,
looking at data on a piece of paper can seem boring or difficult to understand. By displaying
data in a visual way, you allow your user to understand the information a whole lot better and,
at the same time, increase its effectiveness.

6. Timeline Infographic

This type of infographic tells a story in chronological order. When you talk about the
history of a brand and its products, it would be easier for the user to view a timeline and keep
track of the things that took place in certain time periods.

7. Visual Resume Infographic

A study done by TheLadders says: “Recruiters take an average of six seconds to scan a
resume.” This means that you, as a jobseeker, only have six seconds to impress a person you
have never met before. A visual resume infographic is an infographic that serves as your CV.
This means that you add all of your relevant information on the infographic and make it look
unique.

BENEFITS AND PURPOSE OF INFOGRAPHICS

Infographics often prove so effective in educational contexts because they use imagery
to highlight, explain, or enhance text-based information. They have the unique ability to
capture attention, convey information, and encourage data retention despite their complex
nature.

GENERAL BENEFITS OF INFOGRAPHICS

1. More attractive.
Infographics are more eye-catching than texts since they usually combine pictures,
colors, and content that naturally draw the eye.

2. More attention-drawing.
Since most people have increasingly shorter attention spans, so people tend to "scan"
material as opposed to actually reading text. Infographics help us pay attention to content for a
longer time.
3. Extremely shareable.
Infographics are quite shareable. For example, an infographic published on a blog or
website usually provides an embed code. This code allows an automatic link from the original
site to yours. They are also easily shared on social networks and have a better chance of
becoming viral compared to text.

4. Decrease space & increase promotion.

A picture is worth a thousand words. By using infographics, you can save much space,
especially for billboards while greatly increasing effect.

5. Increase fun and engagement.

Infographics are a fun and engaging medium that can generate a unique connection
with viewers to either your site or a location that has featured your infographic.

SLIDESHOW PRESENTATION

 A slideshow, slide show, or slide presentation is a series of pictures or pages of

information often displayed on a large screen using a video projector.
 It is regarded by many as the most useful and accessible way to create and present
visual aids to the audience.

Benefits of Using Slideshow Presentations

● Quick and Easy

○ The basic features are easy to master and can make you appear to be
organized.
● Simple Bullet Points
○ It can reduce complicated messages to simple bullet points.
● Colorful & Attractive Design
○ Using the standard templates and themes, you can create something
visually appealing, even if you do not have much knowledge of basic
graphic design principles.
● Easy to Modify
○ When compared to other visual aids such as charts, posters, or objects, it
is easy to modify.
● Can Be Seen by a Large Audience
○ Generally easier to see by a large audience when projected than other
visual aids
 DO’S AND DONT’S IN CREATING SLIDESHOW PRESENTATIONS

What to do:

1. Know your audience

2. Organize information
3. Use keywords
4. Use legible font
5. Be smart about colors
6. Use visual elements to present ideas
7. End with a summary slide

What not to do:

1. Put everything on one slide

2. Overuse transitions, sounds, animations
3. Use all caps, except for titles
4. Choose hard to read color combinations and fonts

IMPLICATIONS OF VISUAL MEDIA IN EDUCATION/TEACHING

1. Help Store Information Longer
Images are the simplest and the most effective way to make sure that the
information gets stored as a long-term memory. As per Dr. Lynell Burmark, an education
consultant, our short term memory processes words and can only retain about seven bits of
information. Whereas, images are directly processed by our long-term memory, where they
get indelibly etched.

2. Aid Better Comprehension

Visuals help learners grasp concepts easily by stimulating imagination and affecting
their cognitive capabilities. Besides, the visual language is also known to have the potential
to stretch ‘human bandwidth’ – which comprises absorbing, comprehending and analyzing
new information.

3. Act as Stimulators for Emotions

Emotions and visual information are processed in the same part of the human brain.
Visual stimuli and emotional response are linked in a simple way and these two together
generate what we call memories. Hence, powerful images and visual metaphors create
strong impressions and lasting memories in learners.
 4. Drive Motivation
Most of the students struggle with some of their subjects because they find them
uninteresting and hence lack the motivation to put in the required efforts. Visuals are the
best bet in such scenarios. Captivating images, engaging videos, interesting info graphics,
etc. help learners fight the boredom and motivate them to do better.

Importance of Visual Media in Education/ Teaching

1. Provide a Concrete Referent for Ideas

 Ideas can be remembered or easily identified with the use of the visual.

2. Make Abstract Ideas Concrete

 It is easier to illustrate abstract ideas if the students see something concrete .

3. Motivate Learners
 Visual motivation to be engaged in the lesson.

4. Direct Attention to Important Points

 Visual pointer draws the learner’s attention to what is being shown in the visual.
 Visual pointers may be color, arrows, icons, shading, or animation.

5. Repeat Information
 If visuals are presented to the students together with the spoken words, the
information presented can be easily understood.

6. Recall Prior Learning

 Visual can be used to remember previous learning. This will serve as a stepping-
stone for new lessons.

7. Reduce Learning Effort

 Visual learning simplifies complex information.
 Visual media helps readers clarify and comprehend information because they are
able to develop their own perception of the content and avoid misinterpretation.
 The primary purpose of the visual process is to direct action.
References:

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10(1), 54. https://doi.org/10.19105/ojbs.v10i1.811

CSDL | IEEE Computer Society. (2014). IEEE Computer Society.

https://www.computer.org/csdl/magazine/mu/2014/02/mmu2014020004/13rRUxly92z

Davis, B., & Davis, B. (2021, May 31). What is the meaning of visual media? – MVOrganizing.
MVOrganizing. https://www.mvorganizing.org/what-is-the-meaning-of-visual-media/

Jandhyala, D. (2021, May 12). Visual Learning: 6 Reasons Why Visuals Are The Most Powerful Aspect Of
eLearning. ELearning Industry. https://elearningindustry.com/visual-learning-6-reasons-visuals-
powerful-aspect-elearning

Types of Thinking Maps and How They Work (With Examples). (2021). Edrawsoft.
https://www.edrawsoft.com/thinking-maps.html

VISUAL MEDIA AND INFORMATION. (2021). Mil-Eportfolio. https://ewikstar.wixsite.com/mil-

eportfolio/visual-media-and-information

Wallace, J. (2020, June 30). Cognitive-Based Learning. Classroom.Synonym.

https://classroom.synonym.com/cognitivebased-learning-5291526.html