Name: _____Lingeshwar Rethinam_________________________________ Date:

21/11/2021________________________

Student Exploration: Disease Spread

Vocabulary: disease, epidemic, infect, infectious disease, pathogen

Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.)

1. Why do you think it is important to cover your mouth when you cough? _so it will not spread
out affect others________________

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2. Why should you always wash your hands before you eat? ____so that our hands will be
clean ______________________

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Gizmo Warm-up
When a person has a disease, his or her normal body
functions are disrupted. Some diseases, such as diabetes
and most cancers, are not spread from one person to
another. But other diseases, such as the flu and strep
throat, can be spread. These diseases are known as
infectious diseases. Infectious diseases are caused by
viruses, bacteria, and other agents known as pathogens.

In the Disease Spread Gizmo, you will be able to observe

1. Describe what happened on the SIMULATION pane: _______________________________

___disease spreads when people come in contact or near the infected

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2. Look at the color key on the bottom right of the Gizmo. What is happening when a person

changes color? _____when he changes color that means he is infected

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 Get the Gizmo ready:
Activity A:
 Click Reset ( ).
Person-to-person  On the CONTROLS tab under Active Diseases,
transmission turn off Foodborne and turn on Person to person.
 Set the Number of people to 5.

Question: What factors affect how quickly a pathogen spreads from person to person?

1. Predict: Some pathogens are spread directly from one person to another. This can happen
when people come into direct contact or share items, such as drinking glasses. What do you
think might affect how quickly a pathogen is spread from person to person?

______they get infected as they come in contact real close with the infected persons
unknowingly_______________________________________________________________
___

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2. Identify: Select the SIMULATION tab on the left and the TABLE tab on the right. (You will
want the table tab open to answer question C.)

A. What does the purple person represent? __person to person

B. Click Play, and observe the simulation for a while. What must happen for the disease

to spread from one person to another? ___number. Of. Person infected gets

increasing _________________________________

C. How long did it take to infect five people? _____68.8hours

3. Experiment: Click Reset. Change the Number of people to 15. Click Play, and record how
long it takes to infect five people. Repeat this four times for a total of 5 trials, and calculate
the mean time. Repeat the experiment when there are 25 people and 35 people in the room.

Number of people Time to infect five people, 5 trials (h) Mean time (h)
15 21,22,20,20,19 34.5
25 10.5, 10.7 10.4, 10.3, 10.6 27.6
35 10.2,10.3,10.5,10.1,10.2 22.2

4. Interpret: Study the data you collected. What trend do you see in the data, and how would

you explain it? __more the people faster the disease

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 _________________________________________________________________________

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(Activity A continued on next page)

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Activity A (continued from previous page)

5. Experiment: Not all pathogens are equally infectious. Click Reset. Set the Number of
people to 20. Under Probability of transmission, select Low for Person to person.

On the SIMULATION tab, click Play. Record the time it takes to infect five people for five
trials, and find the mean. Then repeat the experiment with a medium and high probability of
transmission. (Note: For the “Medium” setting, move the slider half-way between the Low
and High positions.)

Transmission probability Time to infect five people, 5 trials (h) Mean time (h)
Low 57.5 h 151.6 h
Medium 7.7 h, 7.1h , 7.3 21.0 h
High 4.0 h 16.1 h

6. Interpret: Study the data you collected in the table above. What trend do you see in the data,

and how would you explain it? _____probability of transmission is an important factor on

person to person disease.____________________________________________

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7. Analyze: On the CONTROLS tab, place the Probability of transmission slider under
Person to person half-way between Low and High. Select the SIMULATION and GRAPH
tabs. Click Play.

A. At what time did the disease spread most slowly? Most quickly? ____at the time of
4.0 h to 7.5 h____________

__
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B. How could you explain this change in the rate of the disease’s spread? __________

_____due to its transmission speed

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8. Apply: An epidemic is the rapid spread of an infectious disease. How do you think a
government could try to prevent an epidemic of a dangerous person-to-person pathogen?

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 Activity B: Get the Gizmo ready:
Foodborne and  Click Reset.
airborne  On the CONTROLS tab under Active diseases,
transmission turn off Person to person and turn on Foodborne.

Question: How do foodborne and airborne pathogens spread?

1. Predict: How do you expect the spread of a foodborne disease to be similar to and different

from the spread of a person-to-person disease? ___it somewhat same as both the disease

comes from contacting an object ________________________________

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2. Observe: Select the SIMULATION tab. Click Play and closely watch the people moving
around the room.

A. What does each person do just before becoming infected? ___they have food before
getting infected_________________

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B. How are foodborne pathogens transmitted? __through

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C. If a person in the simulation never eats or drinks anything from the buffet table, is it
possible for them to become sick with the foodborne disease? Explain your answer.

_______________________________no, I
think____________________________________

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3. Analyze: Select the GRAPH tab, and wait for every person to become infected.

A. At what time did the disease spread most slowly? Most quickly? ________________

_______________________slowly was at 172 to 321h and quickly is from 35 to 37

B. How could you explain this change in the rate of the disease’s spread? __________

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 ___________________________________________________________________

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(Activity B continued on next page)

4. Compare: How does the spread of a foodborne pathogen compare to the spread of the

person-to-person pathogen you studied in activity A? _______________________________

________________________________it is from contacting an

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5. Predict: How would you expect the spread of an airborne disease to be similar to and
different from the spread of a foodborne disease and a person-to-person disease?

_____no I don’t think it same as air borne does not come through contacting but food borne
comes through consuming or contacting a food that is not
good.____________________________________________________________________

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6. Experiment: Run a few simulations with the airborne pathogen.

A. What patterns do you notice in how the airborne pathogen spreads? _____________

_____it spreads through air and who is breathing the same air
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B. How does the spread of an airborne pathogen compare to the spread of foodborne

and person-to-person pathogens? _______________________________________

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7. Think about it: Suppose there is an infectious disease at a party. How could doctors tell if
the disease was foodborne, airborne, or transmitted person to person?

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Based on the activities that lately unusual on the patient body.
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