Practical 1 Title Urine Analysis

PRACTICAL 1
TITLE
Urine analysis
INTRODUCTION
Urine analysis ( urinalisis) is a simple test that looks at a small sample of urine. It helps find
problems that need treatment, including infections or kidney problems , it also helps find serious
diseases in the early stages like kidney disease, diabetis, or liver disease ( Steggall M.J 2007).
METHOD AND MATERIALS
Urine sample was collected using a universal paediatric 200ml labelled by the use of adhesive
labels. The multistick strip was dipped into the urine for more chemical examination.
RESULTS
The color of urine examined was amber, the appearance was clear and there was no other artifact
such as blood in the urine.
Test Normal Reference
Glucose -ve -ve
Bilirubin -ve -ve
Ketone -ve -ve
Blood -ve -ve
PH -6.0 -5.02 -8.0
Protein -ve -ve
Urobilinogen 0.3 0.1 – 1.0mg/dl
Nitrite None -ve
DISCUSSION
The results resembled that of Higgins 2007.
CONCLUSION
Since the results tested negative, the patient had no related complications indicated in Steggal
2007 document.
REFERENCE
Steggall M J 2007
Higgins C 2007
Mouseal J 2001
Melyryan C 2001.
PRACTICAL II
TITLE
Stool analysis
INTRODUCTION
A stool analysis is a series of tests done on a stool sample (feaces). It is done to help diagnose
conditions affecting digestive tract visit the hospital for treatment. If medical importance is to
diagnose the condition. These conditions include infections such as those from viruses, parasite
or bacteria, poor nutrients absorption or cancer (Harney MD et al 2020)
i. Microscopic examination
A stool sample was collected in a clean container and sent to the laboratory for examination. A
smaller amount of stool specimen was applied in a thin smear using an applicator stick and air
allowed to dry, a cover slide was put gently to prevent air bubbles, gently raised with water and
allowed to dry, a small amount of oil was added on the stained specimen and examined under
immersion lens( SOP Micro -0.2).
ii. Chemical test
Small amount of stool sample was applied on a clean microscopic slide using an applicator stick
1 to 2 drops of normal saline was added and emulsified thoroughly, cover slip with the x10
objective and x40 on higher examination.
RESULTS
The stool appeared brown, soft and well-formed n consistency. Presence of cysts ( entamoeba
hystolytica).
DISCUSSION
The results resembled those of (Scott et. Al 1974).
CONCLUSION
The patient suffered amoebic dysentery (Amoebiasis).
REFERENCES
i. Hasney MD 2020.
ii. Bailey and Scott, Diagnostic Microbiology, 4th Edition, 1974 C.V Mosby St. Loius , pp
392, 393.
iii. Medical laboratory observer, September 1995, ‘’tips from clinical experts; fecal
leukocytes.
PRACTICAL III
TITLE
Malaria microscopy
INTRODUCTION
Malaria parasites can be identified by examining under the microscope a drop of the patients
“Blood Smear” on a microscope slide. Its aim is to give the parasite distinctive appearance.
However the medical importance is to slow laboratory confirmation of malaria plasmodium
(Muchiri F.K et al 2020).
i. MBF SAMPLE RECEPTION( COLLECTION)
A volunteer was pricked in the finger using a pricking needle, the blood sample was then
collected in a glass slide labeled with patients information i.e. name corresponding to other slide
containing the sample. Another slide was placed on front of the blood drop which spread
horizontally on the slide.
ii. MAKING A SMEAR ( THIN AND THICK FILM)
a) PREPARATION OF THIN SMEAR.
A microscope was used to place 2 to 5gl drop of blood sample on the smaller circle of the slide
template. The second slide was obtained (separate) and placed infornt of 2 to 5gl drop of blood at
35o to 45o angle, pulled back until the slide hold the suspension and hen eventually spread along
the width of the spreader slide. Then it was pushed forward.
b) PREPARATION OF THICK FILM
Quickly a micropipette was used to place 10-15gl drop of blood sample in the larger circle of the
slide template. The micropipette tip was placed in 10-15gl drop of blood and the circle motion
was not fried too quickly to prevent cracking. Then the dry smear was recognized by holding it
to light and not to wet areas.
iii. STAINING ( Giemsa stain).
The fixed slide was placed on a flat drying / staining rack horizontally. Then using a Pasteur
pipette, the geimsa stain was poured in dry MBF.
The staining took 10 minutes due to concentration of 10%. The smear was read following the
SOP for quantification of malaria parasite.
RESULTS
The patient test was normal (negative) meaning there was no plasmodium parasite in the blood.
DISCUSSION
The results resembled that of University of Rochester Medical Centre Rochester 2021.
CONCLUSION
The patient was not suffering from any plasmodium infection.
REFERENCE
Muchiri F.K et al 2020.

Practical 1 Title Urine Analysis

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Practical 1 Title Urine Analysis

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Practical 1 Title Urine Analysis

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

PRACTICAL 1

You might also like