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WEEK 5: TLE 6 To learn more about propagating trees and fruit bearing trees we need to
understand the following:
Agri-Fishery Arts : Module 5:
Propagating Trees and Fruit-Bearing Trees I. Tools and Equipment in Plant Propagation
Tools and equipment are important in the processes of propagating plants
especially those fruit trees being grown in the orchard. The use of tools and
What is It equipment makes the work become easier and proper procedures in caring trees are
executed properly.
Modern technology and research have gone a long way, especially in the field of
a. Spade is used in tight spaces. The square-shaped blade is perfect for digging holes
agriculture. There are different agricultural products today that did not exist long for plants and bushes, especially in established gardens where you don’t want to
ago. We now have seedless grapes, oranges, and watermelons. There are also disturb existing plants.
various plants with leaves and flowers of different colors that come from just one
plant. Fruit-bearing trees can bear fruits within a short period. Some can bear
fruits all year round. These advancements are made possible due to agricultural
technology called plant propagation.

Plant propagation is a method of reproducing, increasing, or multiplying plant

species. It is being practiced because of the following reasons:
b. Hoe is used in digging and breaking hard and dry soil. It has a thin blade across
1. to increase the number of plant species; the end of a long handle.
2. to produce plant varieties that are resistant to some insect pests and
diseases;
3. to evolve new and better varieties of plants suited to different conditions of
soil and climate;
4. to accelerate and at the same time lessen the bearing age of plants; and
5. to avert the extinction of some plant species

c. Rake is a long handled tool having a bar at one end with teeth in. It is used for
even spreading of soil or leveling the soil.

All illustrations were done by LearesaG Amban

All illustrations were done by Learesa G. Amban

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g. Pruning Shears is used for cutting small branches including the
d. Bolo is a tool with a wooden or metal handle in which a long blade is attached. It unnecessary branches.
is used for cutting tall grasses and branches of trees.

e. Shovel is a broad scoop attached to a handle. It is used for removing soil or weeds
and transferring the soil from one place to another.
h. Garden gloves are used while working in the garden, made of strong rubber
to protect from thorns and withstand punctures.

f. Water Sprinkler is a container with small holes on the spout to sprinkle water
on the plants.
i. Spading Fork is a tool resembling a table fork but much bigger in size. It is
used for removing soil or trash.

All illustrations were done by Learesa G. Amban

All illustrations were done by Learesa G. Amban
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j. Trowel is a tool with a curved blade used for loosening the ground and Different types of Asexual Propagation
taking up small plants.
a. Cutting. A part of a single or mother plant is cut to be planted as cutting for
purpose of multiply its variety. Example of fruit- bearing tree that can be
planted by cutting is Siniguelas.

k. Sprayer is used for spraying chemicals to eliminate plant insects.

b. Marcotting or Air layering. Stimulates the stem or branch of a mother plant

to develop roots while still connected to it.

Materials:
Knife or cutter
Plastic (transparent)
Straw
soil or coco husk
II. Scientific Ways of Propagating Fruit-Bearing Trees
Steps in Marcotting:
A. Sexual propagation is a propagation by seed or spores. The plants will 1. Remove a ring-like layer of soft bark about 2 to 3 inches long.

become fertilized and produce the seed that will grow into a new plant with
characteristics of both parent plants. Because of the traits given by the parent
plants, sexual propagation offers these advantages:
1. the only method when creating new varieties or cultivars;
2. the easiest and cheapest way of growing plants;
3. a way of getting rid of diseases; and
4. some plants are only able to be produced via seed

B. Asexual Propagation is a process of regenerating a new plant by taking a All illustrations were done by Learesa G. Amban
part of another plant to develop. This results to have a new plant that is
identical to its parent plant.

All illustrations were done by Learesa G. Amban

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2. Apply soil or coco husk around the cut surface. c. Grafting is a plant propagation method that involves inserting a scion into a
stock so that they will form a union and grow together.
Materials:
Grafting knife
Pruning Shears
Grafting wax
Stock
Scion

Steps in Grafting

1. The stock is first cut straight and after that a perpendicular cut is made in
the center of the stump. For bigger material, a wedge is cut in the top of the
stump.
3. Cover securely with a piece of plastic sheet.

2. The scion is cut in the form of a wedge (for big material, similar to that of the
stock).

4. Tie both ends to prevent drying of the rooting medium. Keep it moist.

3. The scion is inserted in the cut made in the stock. In case the stock is of
bigger diameter, the cambium should fit at one side only.

All illustrations were done by Learesa G. Amban

All illustrations were done by Learesa G. Amban

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4. Seal all exposed surfaces with grafting wax or grafting paint. 3. Slide the bud under the flaps of the bark on the rootstock until the ends
are firmly even. Using buddy tape, tie the bud to the rootstock.

d. Budding is the process of transferring the lateral bud taken from the scion
to the stock of the same family.
4. Wrap the ends tightly but be sure not to cover the bud with tape.
Materials:
Budding knife
Grafting wax
Buddy tape

The steps are the following:

1. On the rootstock, cut vertically about 2.5 cm long. A horizontal cut is

made through the bark about one-third the distance around the stock.
With a knife blade, lift the corners and carefully loosen the bark.

III. Healthy and Safety Measures in Propagating Fruit-Bearing

Trees
1. Wear protective equipment while working to ensure your body protection.
2. Make sure to follow instructions in using tools and equipment.
3. Always check if the tools and equipment are working properly before using
them.
2. Cut a bud from the bud stick which includes a thin piece of attached wood.
4. Do not be distracted try to focus and work properly.
5. Use the right position in working; be sure that you are comfortable in your
position.
6. Seek adult’s advice if necessary.
7. Take a bath before and after working; make sure that you are fresh and ready
to work.

All illustrations were done by Learesa G. Amban

All illustrations were done by Learesa G. Amban

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Assessment (RECORDED: ASSESSMENT) 2pts. each
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Shade the circle of your
chosen answer on your ANSWER SHEET.
5 1. A tool resembling a table fork but much bigger in size. It is used in digging
and preparing the soil for the plants. 5 7. The following are the steps in marcotting. Which of the following is the
a. bolo correct sequence in performing it?
b. fork I. Remove a ring like layer of soft bark about 2 to 3 inches long.
c. shovel II. Cover securely with a piece of plastic sheet.
d. hoe III. Tie both ends to prevent drying of the rooting medium.
IV. Apply soil or coco husk around the cut surface.
5 2. A tool with a curved blade used for loosening the ground and taking up small a. IV,III,II,I
plants. b. I,IV.II,III
a. trowel c. I,II,III,IV
b. bolo
d. IV,III,I,II
c. hoe
d. shovel
5 8. The process of transferring the lateral bud taken from the scion to the stock
of the same family.
5 3. Used for cutting small branches including the unnecessary branches.
a. grafting
a. fork
b. budding
b. hoe
c. marcotting
c. pruning Shears
d. cutting
d. trowel

5 4. A tool with a wooden or metal handle in which a long blade is attached. It is 5 9. A plant propagation method that involves inserting a scion into a stock so that
used for cutting tall grasses and branches of trees. they will form a union and grow together.
a. bolo a. budding
b. pruning shears b. marcotting
c. trowel c. cutting
d. rake d. grafting

5 5. Used while working in the garden, made of strong rubber to protect 610. Which of the following is not a safety measure in propagating trees and fruit-
from thorns and withstand punctures. bearing trees?
a. garden gloves a. Make sure to follow instructions in using tools and equipment.
b. bolo b. Do not be destructed try to focus and work properly.
c. trowel c. Always check if the tools and equipment are working properly before
using them
d. sprayer
d. Do not follow instructions for use of equipment.

5 6. Your teacher asked you to visit your garden and you saw plenty of loose leaves
on the ground. What tool or equipment will you use?
a. Rake
b. Bolo
c. Trowel
d. sprinkler