Assignment 1.1 CHAPTER 1

Assignment 1.
1 CPE 310 - Computer Architecture and Organization
1.1 What, in general terms, is the distinction between computer

organization and computer architecture?
-The qualities of a system that are visible to a developer, and it can be referred to those
attributes that have a direct influence on the logical execution of a program, are referred
to as Computer Architecture. On other hand Computer Organization refers to the
operational components and their linkages that implement the architectural standards.
these are the instruction set, the number of bits used to represent various data kinds,
I/O methods, and memory addressing strategies are all examples of architectural
characteristics. Control signals, connections between the computer and peripherals, and
the memory technology utilized are examples of organizational features that are not
visible to the programmer.
1.2 What, in general terms, is the distinction between computer structure

and computer function?
-Computer structure interrelation of the components of the computer while Computer
function refers to operation of each component of the computer as a part of the
structure.
1.3 What are the four main functions of a computer?
-The four main functions of a computer are input, output, processing, and storage.
Assignment 1.1 CPE 310 - Computer Architecture and Organization
1.4 List and briefly define the main structural components of a computer.
- Central Processing Unit (CPU) - All activities or services offered by the system are
controlled by the CPU or processor. It serves as the computer's brain and heart.
- Main Memory - Information is stored here so that the CPU may access it quickly. The
term "Main Memory" is also used to refer to "Primary Storage" or "Main Store." This
includes the Random-Access memory (RAM): for temporary storage and the Read-only
memory (ROM): for permanent storage.
- Secondary Storage Devices - Large volumes of data may be stored indefinitely on
gadgets. Secondary storage is sometimes known as external memory or secondary
memory. Magnetic tapes, magnetic disks, and optical memory devices may be used for
storing.
- Input and Output (I/O) Devices - Input/output devices serve as a link between the user
and the computer. At least one input device (e.g., keyboard, mouse, temperature sensor)
and at least one output device (e.g., printer, screen) are present. Peripherals include
input and output devices such as keyboards and printers, as well as external storage
devices.
- Busses - there are three types of busses used in the main structure component of a
computer these are the following:
* Address Buss: A unidirectional lines determine the size of memory

addressable by the processor.
* Data Bus: A bi-directional lines indicate the size of the data transferred between
the processor and memory or I/O device.
* Control Bus: consists of a set of control signals indicates the type of action
taking place on the system bus.
1.5 List and briefly define the main structural components of a processor.
-CPU interconnection: Some mechanism that provides for communication among the
control unit, ALU, and registers.
-Arithmetic and logic unit (ALU): Performs the computer’s data processing functions
-Control unit: Controls the operation of the CPU and hence the computer
Assignment 1.1 CPE 310 - Computer Architecture and Organization
-Registers: Provides storage internal to the CPU
1.6 What is a stored program computer?
-These are computer that stores instructions in its memory to enable it to perform a
variety of tasks in sequence or intermittently.
1.7 Explain Moore’s law.
Moore's law can be explained as: Future Processing Power = Current Processing Power ⋅
2n. In which n = the number of years to develop a new microprocessor divided by 2
1.8 List and explain the key characteristics of a computer family.
-Similar or identical instruction set: In many instances, all members of the family use
the same set of machine instructions. As a result, a software that runs on one machine
will run on any other.
-Similar or identical operating system: The same basic operating system is available for
all family members.
-Increasing speed: The rate of instruction execution increases in going from lower to
higher family members. Increasing
-Number of I/O ports: In going from lower to higher family members.
-Increasing memory size: In going from lower to higher family members.
-Increasing cost: In going from lower to higher family members.
1.9 What is the key distinguishing feature of a microprocess
-A computer's microprocessor allows it to calculate, organize data, and make logical

comparisons. The integrated aspect of a microprocessor — the way it integrates multiple
distinct circuits into a single chip — is its most distinguishing characteristic.

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Assignment 1.

1 CPE 310 - Computer Architecture and Organization

1.1 What, in general terms, is the distinction between computer

1.2 What, in general terms, is the distinction between computer structure

1.3 What are the four main functions of a computer?

* Address Buss: A unidirectional lines determine the size of memory

-Registers: Provides storage internal to the CPU

1.6 What is a stored program computer?

1.7 Explain Moore’s law.

1.8 List and explain the key characteristics of a computer family.

1.9 What is the key distinguishing feature of a microprocess

-A computer's microprocessor allows it to calculate, organize data, and make logical

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