Course Outline: ASY 2021, Online Class. Labor Standards Law
Course Outline: ASY 2021, Online Class. Labor Standards Law
Course Outline: ASY 2021, Online Class. Labor Standards Law
1. Fundamental Concepts
a. Concept of Labor.
Case: Capitol Medical Center vs. Meris, 470 S 125
Garcia vs. PAL, Jan. 20, 2009
Calalang vs. Williams
b. Definition of Labor Law.
i. Elements of Labor Law:
ii. Relationships and Distinctions
Case: BBGM vs. Dela Serna, 312 S 22
Maternity Children’s hospital vs. SOLE, June 30, 1999
2. Social Law.
a. Comparison of Labor and Social Laws.
5. Labor Code
a. Article 3
b. Article 4
c. Article 166
d. Article 211
e. Article 212
f. Article 255
g. Article 277
(e) Free access to courts and quasi-judicial bodies, Art. III, Sec. 11
– R.A. No. 10000.
(a) Right to Self-Organization, Art. XIII, Sec. 3 – Ex. Order No. 180.
B. LABOR STANDARDS
1. Employer-Employee Relationship
a. Four-fold Test, cases:
(i) Life Insurance Asso. Co vs. NLRC, 179 S 459
(ii) Singer Sewing Machine Co. vs. NLRC, 193 S 270
(iii) Grefalife Assurance Corp vs. NLRC, 187 S 773
Cosmopolitan Funeral Homes vs. Maalat, 187 S 773
Consulta vs. CA, 453 S 732.
(iv) Megascope General Services vs. NLRC, 274 S 147
Life Insurance Asso. Co vs. NLRC, 287 S 476
Jose Sonza vs. ABS-CBN, Jan. 10, 2003
Martinez vs. NLRC, 272 S 793
Sevilla vs. CA, 160 S 171
Flores vs Nuestro and NLRC, 160 S 328
(v) Eastern Shipping Lines vs. POEA, 160 533
Continental vs. NLRC, 161 S 157
2. Hours of Work
a. Coverage/Exclusions,
Case: UFF vs. Vivar, 205 S 200
Rada vs. NLRC, 205 S 69
b. Normal Hours of Work,
Cases: Cagaman vs. NLRC, 195 S 533,
Nielsen Marine Services vs. NLRC, 264 S 307
(i) Exceptions
(a) Health Personnel,
Case: Ramos vs. CA, 380 S 467
(b) Compressed Work Week
3. Wages –
Case: Cosmopolitan Funeral Homes vs. Maalat, 187 S 108
Songco vs. NLRC 183 S 610
a. “No work no pay” principle
b. Coverage/Exclusions –
Case: Nawasa vs Nawasa Consolidated Union, 11 S 766
Mgg ng PRC vs. PRC, 194 S 608
PNB vs. PEMA, 115 S 507
PNB vs. Cruz, 180 S 206
PDI vs. NLRC, 241 S 380
Millares vs. NLRC, 305 S 500
c. Elements of Wages: facilities vs. supplements
Cases: Marine Corp. vs. Cebu Seaman’s Association, 7 S 294
Mabeza vs. NLRC, 271 S 670
d. Wages vs. salaries –
Case: Consunji vs. Pucan, 159 S 107
Gaa vs. CA, 140 S 304
e. Circumstances regarding payment of wages
f. Responsibility of payment of wages
Camelcraft corp. vs. NLRC, 186 S 393
PNB vs. Andrada Electric and Engr. Co., 381 S 244
Indino vs. NLRC, 178 S 168
AC Ransom Labor Union vs. Ople, 150 S 498
Del Rosario vs. NLRC, 187 S 777
NAFTU vs. Ople, 143 S 124
Pabalan and Lagdameo vs. NLRC, 184 S 495
Gudez vs. NLRC, 183 S 644
g. Labor Code provisions for wage protection
(i) Added levels of Responsibility
(a) Contracting/subcontracting agreements, DOLE Dept. Order No.
18-02 and 174-17
(b) Prohibitions
(c) Distinctions and implications
Cases: Neri vs. NLRC, 224 S 717
Phil. Bank Comm. vs. NLRC, 146 S 347
Guarin S NLRC, 178 S 267
Filsyn vs. NLRC, June 14, 1996
Bro. Labor Unity Movement vs. Zamora, 147 S 49
Broadway Motors, Inc. vs. NLRC, 169 S 497
Industrial Timber Inc. vs. NLRC, 169 S 841
Tabas vs. California Mfg. Co., 169 S 497
Deferia vs. NRC 194 S 525
SMC vs. NLRC, 206 S 118
Eagle Security Agency vs. NLRC, 172 S 479
(ii) `Other Requirements
h. Non-diminution of benefits
Cases: Nestle Phil vs. NLRC 193 S 504
Davao IPS vs. Abarquez, 220 S 197
Globe Mackay vs. NLRC, 163 S 71
Asis vs. MOLE, 171 S 237
Lexal Lab. vs. CIR, 25 S 668
i. Worker’s preference in case of bankruptcy,
Case: RP vs. Peralta, 150 S 37
DBP vs. NLRC, 183 S 328
Bolinao vs. Padolina, 186 S 368
DBP vs. Santos, 171 S 138
Hautea vs. NLRC, 230 S 119
Pascua vs. CV MC, 12-28-83
CIR vs. NLRC, 238 S 42
Bangko Filipino vs. NLRC, 188 S 700
j. Administrative and Enforcement measures
(i) Visitorial and Enforcement Powers
Cases: Maternity Children’s Hospital vs. Sec. of Labor, 174 S 632
SSK Parts Corp. vs. Camas, 181 S 676
(ii) Recovery of Wages and Simple Money Claims
Cases: SSDIA vs. SOLE, 187 S 358
Servando’s Inc. vs. SOLE, 184 S 664
Aboitiz Shipping Corp. vs. de la Serna, 184 S 851
Ramirez Industries vs. SOLE, 266 S 111
k. Compromise agreements
Case: Atilano vs. de la Serna, 182 S 886
l. Minimum wage rates
(i) RA No. 6727
Case: ECOP vs. NWPC, 201 S 759
(ii) Mechanics of Fixing of Minimum Wages
Case: Alpha Investigation & Security Agency vs. NLRC, 272 S 653
(iii) Role of CBA in Wage Fixing: Wage Distortions
Case: Eagle Security Agency vs. NLRC, 173 S 479
Meycauayan College vs. Drilon,
Mindanao TBS Inc. vs. Confesor, 272 S 161
NFA vs. Masada Security Agency, 453 S 70
(iv) Exemption
Case: Planas Commercial vs. NLRC, 303 S 49
m. Other-Wage Types Benefits
(i) COLA
Case: Globe Mckay vs. NLRC, 163 S 71
(ii) 13th month pay
Cases: Marcopper Mining Co. vs. Ople, 106 S 75
Osias Academy vs. DOLE, 192 S 612
Davao Fruits Corp. vs. ALU, 225 S 562
Songco vs. de la Serna, 183 S 610
Phil. Fuji Xerox Corp. vs. Trajano, 228 S 329
Phil. Duplicators vs. NLRC, 227 S 747
Phil. Agri & Industial Workers Union vs. NLRC, 247 S 256
Achilles Mftg. Crp. Vs. NLRC, 244 S 750
Universal Con Products vs. NLRC, 153 S 191
Brokenshire Memorial Hosital vs. NLRC, 143 S 564
NFSW vs. Ovejera, 114 S 354
Traders Royal Bank vs. NLRC, 189 S 274
Metro Transit Corp. vs. NLRC, 245 S 767
Marcos vs. NLRC, 248 S 146
(iii) Bonus:
Cases: Protacio vs. Layo Managhayo, March 25, 2009
Lepanto Ceramics vs. LCEA, March 2, 2010
(iv) Wages of Deceased Employees
Cases: Samar Mining Co. vs. WCC, 38 S 337
Emerita vda. De Mendoza vs. De Mendoza, 38 S 337
RP vs. WCC, 13 S 272
(v) Deductions/Discrimination:
Cases: Commando Security Agency vs. NLRC, 211 S 645
Apodaca vs. NLRC, 172 S 442
Genesis TS, Inc. vs. UMMG, April 5, 2010
Producers Bank vs. NLRC 355 S 489
SHS Perforated Materials, Inc. vs. Diaz, Oct. 13, 2010
4. Rest Day
a. Right to weekly rest day
b. Preference of the employee
c. When work on rest day authorized
5. Holidays
a. Right to holiday pay,
Cases: JRC vs. NLRC, 156 S 27
Mgg ng Bandolino s. NLRC, 275 S 633
(i) In case of absences
(ii) In case of temporary cessation of work
(iii) Of teachers, piece workers, seafarers, seasonal workers, etc.
b. Exclusions from coverage
6. Leaves
a. Service Incentive Leave Pay
(i) Right to service incentive leave
(ii) Exclusions from coverage
Cases: Union of Filipro Employees vs. Vivar, 206 S 200
(iii) Commutable nature of benefit
Cases: Osias Academy vs. DOLE, 192 S 612
Dentech Mftg. Corp. vs. NLRC, 172 S 588
Leiden Fernandez vs. NLRC, 1-28-98
b. Maternity Leave
(i) Coverage
(ii) Conditions to entitlement
(iii) Availment
c. Paternity Leave
(i) Coverage
(ii) Conditions to entitlement
(iii) Availment
d. Parental Leave
(i) Coverage
(ii) Conditions to entitlement
(iii) Availment
e. Leaves for victims of violence against women
(i) Coverage
(ii) Conditions to entitlement
(iii) Availment
7. COLA
8. Service Charges
a. Coverage
b. Exclusion
c. Distribution
d. Integration
9. Women Workers
a. Discrimination (Art. 135, LC)
b. Stipulation against marriage (Art. 136, LC)
c. Prohibited Acts (Art. 137, LC)
d. Classification of certain women workers (Art. 138, LC)
e. Anti-Sexual Harassment Act (RA 7877)
C. TERMINATION OF EMPLOYMENT
2. Termination of Employment
a. Requisites for lawful dismissal
(i) Substantive Due Process
(a) Just Causes
(1) Serious misconduct or willful disobedience
- Requisites
Cases: SMB vs. NLU, 97 P 378
Alma Cosep vs. NLRC, June 16, 1998
Samson vs. NLRC, April 12, 2000
PAAU Corp. vs. NLRC, 331 S 237
Gold City IPS vs. NLRC, 189 S 811
SMC vs. Ubaldo, 218 S 293
Manebo vs. NLRC, 229 S 240
Molato vs. NLRC, 266 S 42
Lagatic vs. NLRC, 285 S 251
GTE Corp. vs. Sanchez, 197 S 452
General Bank vs. CA, 135 S 569
HSBC vs. NLRC, 260 S 49
Castillo vs. CIR, 39 S 77
Sta. Maria vs. Lopez, 37 S 637
Garcia vs. Lejano, 109 P 116
Dosch vs. NLRC, 123 S 296
Stanford Microsystems vs. NLRC, 157 S 410
(2) Gross and habitual neglect of duties
- Requisites
Cases: Caunan vs. Cia. GdT, 56 P 547
Marinduque Irons Mines vs. WCC, 99 P 485
Manila Electric Coop vs. NLRC, 263 S 531
Pepsi vs. NLRC, 272 S 267
National Bookstore vs. CA, Feb. 27, 2002
(3) Fraud or willful breach of trust (loss of trust nd confidence)
- Requisites
Cases: Quezon Electric Coop vs NLRC, 172 S 88
Panday vs. NLRC, 209 S 122
Marina Port Services vs. NLRC, 193 S 420
Mabeza vs. NLRC, 271 S 670
Deles vs. NLRC, 327 S 540
Midtown Ramada vs. NUWHRAIN, 159 S 212
San Antonio vs. NLRC, 250 S 359
Sulpicio Lines, Inc. vs. Gulde, 377 S 525
ATLAS vs. NLRC, 290 S 479
Mapalo vs. NLRC, 233 S 266
Sajona vs. NLRC, 183 S 667
Reynolds Phil. Vs. Eslava, 137 S 205
China City Restaurant vs. NLRC 217 S 443
General Bank vs. CA, 135 S 569
Austria vs. NLRC, 312 S 410
Libres vs. NLRC, 307 S 675
Dole Phil. Vs. NLRC, 623 S 373
Ramoran vs. Jardine, 326 S 208
(4) Commission of Crime
Case: Gatmaitan vs. Manila Railroad Co., 21 S 171
(d) Backwages
(1) Components of the amount of backwages
D. MANAGEMENT PREROGATIVE
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