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    System Thinking Review 1 Final

    Uploaded by

    Ruthra Devi
    The document proposes a density based traffic control system that uses sensors to detect vehicle density on roads and adjust traffic light signals accordingly. The system aims to reduce traffic congestion and pollution by focusing on traffic density rather than just using fixed time signals. It would work by using IR sensors to detect vehicles and send data to an Arduino device to analyze traffic patterns and control LED traffic lights to facilitate vehicle movement based on real-time density instead of pre-set timings. The system is intended to make traffic flow more efficient while also reducing emissions from unnecessary vehicle stopping.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    System Thinking Review 1 Final

    Uploaded by

    Ruthra Devi
    68 views23 pages
    The document proposes a density based traffic control system that uses sensors to detect vehicle density on roads and adjust traffic light signals accordingly. The system aims to reduce traffic congestion and pollution by focusing on traffic density rather than just using fixed time signals. It would work by using IR sensors to detect vehicles and send data to an Arduino device to analyze traffic patterns and control LED traffic lights to facilitate vehicle movement based on real-time density instead of pre-set timings. The system is intended to make traffic flow more efficient while also reducing emissions from unnecessary vehicle stopping.

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    Original Title

    SYSTEM THINKING REVIEW 1 FINAL

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    The document proposes a density based traffic control system that uses sensors to detect vehicle density on roads and adjust traffic light signals accordingly. The system aims to reduce traffic congestion and pollution by focusing on traffic density rather than just using fixed time signals. It would work by using IR sensors to detect vehicles and send data to an Arduino device to analyze traffic patterns and control LED traffic lights to facilitate vehicle movement based on real-time density instead of pre-set timings. The system is intended to make traffic flow more efficient while also reducing emissions from unnecessary vehicle stopping.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    68 views23 pages

    System Thinking Review 1 Final

    Uploaded by

    Ruthra Devi
    The document proposes a density based traffic control system that uses sensors to detect vehicle density on roads and adjust traffic light signals accordingly. The system aims to reduce traffic congestion and pollution by focusing on traffic density rather than just using fixed time signals. It would work by using IR sensors to detect vehicles and send data to an Arduino device to analyze traffic patterns and control LED traffic lights to facilitate vehicle movement based on real-time density instead of pre-set timings. The system is intended to make traffic flow more efficient while also reducing emissions from unnecessary vehicle stopping.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 23

    DENSITY BASED TRAFFIC

    CONTROL SYSTEM
    TEAM MEMBER NAME REGISTER NUMBER

    Ruthra Devi A 19E084

    Abinaya S 19E003

    Rajkumar Henry 19E076

    Roshini Mai VRS 19E082

    Takhelmayum Paikhomba 19E116


    INTRODUCTION

    In the present day world, with growing road infrastructure and adverse
    development in the metropolitan cities traffic congestion is one of the major
    issues.
    With the number of vehicle users constantly increasing, the facility provided by
    the current system is limited and inefficient with respect to the energy and time
    consumed.
    The present day traffic signal control only works on a fixed time delay basis
    irrespective of the vehicle density which may render inefficient if one lane is
    operational than the others.
    PROBLEM STATEMENT
    MAJOR SOCIAL PROBLEM IDENTIFIED
    ~ ‘ Traffic Control’
    Sub problems are :
    The problem of toxic carbon emission from vehicles also exists.
    Even if the road is empty and lacks the presence of vehicles, still
    receiving a fixed time period of green signal is of no use.
    This leads to a large levels of traffic congestion since there is no
    uniform flow of vehicles from all the roads at the junction.
    Human irritability increases losing patience and this can be one of
    the main reasons for some of the traffic violations such as jumping
    signals, over speeding, etc.
    OBJECTIVE
    • To reduce traffic congestion and unwanted long time delay
    • To reduce pollution or carbon emission
    • Focus on the traffic density rather than just giving control to the signals on a
    fixed time basis.
    • Keep a track of the vehicles in each road and adjusts the time for each traffic
    light signals.
    • If there is no traffic on the other signal, one shouldn’t wait for that signal. The
    system will skip that signal and will move on the next one.
    STAKEHOLDER REQUIREMENT

    Accurate
    measurement
    and signaling

    Sustainable Polluter
    Development Pays

    STAKEHOLDER
    NEEDS AND
    REQUIREMENTS

    Easily Resistant to
    Feasible and corrosion and
    durable parts physical
    destroy

    Low cost
    design and
    maintenance
    IDENTIFICATION OF PRIORITIES OF STAKEHOLDERS

    Accurate measurement
    and signaling

    Low cost design and


    maintenance

    Resistant to corrosion
    and physical destroy
    PROPOSED SYSTEM
    The main aim of the proposed system is to constantly monitor the vehicle density present in all
    parts of the road at the junction.
    The basic flow of operation is as follows:
    o collection of vehicle density data from the roads
    o next is to send the same data to the device which compares the same and arrives at a
    particular characteristic output pattern
    o then the execution of the output pattern which is reflected in the signal pattern.
    In this model, the IR sensors are used to detect the presence of any vehicle in that part of the
    road. When detected it sends a triggered output to Arduino UNO which is the heart of the
    project. Then Arduino analyses the number of such triggered outputs from the set of sensors
    placed in the different roads at the junction and correspondingly triggers the different LED
    lights in the signals in order to felicitate the vehicle movement
    FUNCTIONAL ARCHITECTURE

    • Set of functions and


    their sub-functions

    • Defines the
    transformations of
    input flows into output
    flows

    • Performed by the
    system to achieve its
    mission.
    FUNCTION
    IDENTIFICATION TRANSMISSION
    OF DATA
    DIFFERENT SUB
    SYSTEM

    POWER PROCESSING
    OF INPUT
    SUPPLY DATA

    SYSTEM

    SENSING OF
    TRAFFIC ALGORITHM
    DENSITY

    CONTROL
    SIGNAL
    GENERATION
    WORK FLOW DIAGRAM
    FUNCTIONAL ARCHITECTURE(CONCEPT MAP)
    COMPONENTS REQUIRED

    ARDUINO UNO

    IR SENSOR

    LED – RED, YELLOW , GREEN

    RESISTOR

    BREAD BOARD

    JUMPER CABLES
    COMPONENTS DESCRIPTION

    It consists of several input/output pins that can


    be used to interface various other components.
    It can be programmed to act accordingly using
    ARDUINO UNO
    Arduino Software.
    It is used because of their low cost, availability
    of open source developer tool, and because of
    its easy programming. Data collected from
    sensors is sent to the local PC through Arduino.

    LED LED is an active electronic device which emits


    light with different wavelengths.

    RESISTOR Resistors are basically used as current limiters


    for LED’s in order to prevent the damage of the
    LED’s due to high current.
    IR SENSOR • Basic operation of IR sensor is to
    detect the presence of any kind of
    object or obstacle in the vicinity of
    the sensor within the particular
    range. In this particular type of IR
    sensor module used in the project,
    IC LM 393 op-amp is used as
    comparator.
    • The analog output of the IR sensors
    are
    connected to the analog pins of the
    Arduino UNO.
    BLOCK DIAGRAM
    WORKING PRINCIPLES

    The circuit design involves an IR


    sensors being placed at the left side
    of arduino. These identify the
    presence of vehicle in that road of the
    junction. When the IR signals from
    them are obstructed by a vehicle, the
    output of the sensors go high and
    thereby indicate the same to the
    Arduino UNO . Based on as how many
    roads have vehicle density out of the
    four roads, the signals are turned ON.
    SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS

    • The IR sensors are powered using the voltage ranges i.e. 5V and 3.3V available in the
    Arduino board.
    Wavelength Range: 1 mm to 750 nm Sensing range or distance: 10 to 30 meters.
    • Resistance value should be in the range of 220 ohms in order to prevent damage of LEDs due
    to high flowing current.
    • It consists of three led lamps Red, Yellow and Green. Red is used for stopped intimation,
    Green is used for drive intimation and Yellow is used for ready to drive intimation.
    SOFTWARE REQUIRED

     The coding is done in


    Arduino IDE platform using C/C++ language
     Tinker cad for online stimulation
    SCOPE
    • Traffic can be cleared without any irregularities.
    • Time can be shared evenly for all intersections.
    • Effective time management
    • Benefits the environment as reduced carbon emission and zero fuel wastage
    from unnecessary stoppage.
    CONSTRAINTS

    • The devices consists of components that needs to run continuously and will
    consume uninterrupted power supply.
    • The project will further require a private network and software that we need
    to spend on and maintain efficiently 24x7.
    • IR sensors sometimes may absorb normal light also. As a result, traffic system
    works in improper way.
    • IR sensors work only for fewer distances.
    • We have to arrange IR sensors in accurate manner otherwise they may not
    detect the traffic density.
    CONCLUSION
    • With various advancements taking place in today’s world, people are in search for
    automated systems which not only saves their time but also a lot of energy in
    different forms.
    • The proposed traffic control system is the very basic step towards achieving
    automation in the field of traffic control system.
    • Saving of fuel (petrol, diesel, natural gas)
    • Reduction in time of the operation of automobile engines
    • Reduction in the emission of the harmful gases in the atmosphere.
    • Thus this system helps in reducing the number of accidents that take place just
    because of this improper traffic control system and paving way to a better traffic
    control system.
    THANK YOU

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