ASAHI KASEI [AK4396]

AK4396
Advanced Multi-Bit 192kHz 24-Bit ΔΣ DAC

GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The AK4396 is a high performance stereo DAC for the 192kHz sampling mode of DVD-Audio including a
24bit digital filter. Using AKM's multi bit architecture for its modulator the AK4396 delivers a wide dynamic
range while preserving linearity for improved THD+N performance. The AK4396 has full differential SCF
outputs, removing the need for AC coupling capacitors and increasing performance for systems with
excessive clock jitter. The AK4396 accepts 192kHz PCM data and 1-bit DSD data, ideal for a wide range
of applications including DVD-Audio and SACD. The AK4396 has a fully functional compatibility with the
AK4393/4/5 and lower power dissipation.

FEATURES
• 128x Oversampling
• Sampling Rate: 30kHz ∼ 216kHz
• 24Bit 8x Digital Filter (Slow-roll-off option)
Ripple: ±0.005dB, Attenuation: 75dB
• High Tolerance to Clock Jitter
• Low Distortion Differential Output
• DSD data input available
• Digital de-emphasis for 32, 44.1, 48kHz sampling
• Soft Mute
• Digital Attenuator (Linear 256 steps)
• THD+N: −100dB
• DR, S/N: 120dB
• I/F format : MSB justified, 16/20/24bit LSB justified, I2S
• Master Clock: Normal Speed: 256fs, 384fs, 512fs, 768fs or 1152fs
Double Speed: 128fs, 192fs, 256fs or 384fs
Quad Speed: 128fs or 192fs
DSD: 512fs or 768fs
• Power Supply: 5V ± 5% (Analog), 3.0 ∼ 5.25V (Digital)
• CMOS or TTL Level Digital I/F
• Package: 28pin VSOP
• Pin Compatible with AK4393/4/5

MS0336-E-00 2004/08
-1-
ASAHI KASEI [AK4396]

„ Block Diagram

AVDD AVSS DVDD DVSS VCOM PDN TTL SMUTE DFS0

ACKS DZFL

BICK/DCLK 8X ΔΣ AOUTL+
SCF
PCM Interpolator Modulator AOUTL-
LRCK/DSDR Data
Interface 8X ΔΣ AOUTR+
SCF
SDATA/DSDL Interpolator Modulator AOUTR-

DIF0/DCLK DZFR
DSD
DIF1/DSDL Data
DIF2/DSDR Interface

CAD0 De-emphasis
Control Register Clock Divider
CAD1 Control

CSN CCLK CDTI P/S MCLK DEM0 DEM1 VREFH VREFL

Block Diagram

MS0336-E-00 2004/08
-2-
ASAHI KASEI [AK4396]

„ Ordering Guide

AK4396VF −40 ∼ +85°C 28pin VSOP (0.65mm pitch)

AKD4396 Evaluation Board for AK4396

„ Pin Layout

DVSS 1 28 ACKS/DZFR

DVDD 2 27 TST2/CAD1

MCLK 3 26 TST1/DZFL

PDN 4 25 P/S

BICK/DCLK 5 24 VCOM

SDATA/DSDL 6 23 AOUTL+
Top
View
LRCK/DSDR 7 22 AOUTL-

SMUTE/CSN 8 21 AOUTR+

DFS0/CAD0 9 20 AOUTR-

DEM0/CCLK 10 19 AVSS

DEM1/CDTI 11 18 AVDD

DIF0/DCLK 12 17 VREFH

DIF1/DSDL 13 16 VREFL

DIF2/DSDR 14 15 TTL

MS0336-E-00 2004/08
-3-
ASAHI KASEI [AK4396]

„ Compatibility with AK4393/4/5

1. Function & Performance

AK4393 AK4394 AK4395 AK4396

fs (max) 108kHz 216kHz 216kHz 216kHz
DVDD 3~5.25V 4.75~5.25V 4.75~5.25V 3~5.25V
Power Dissipation 310mW 325mW 335mW 200mW
Digital Input Level CMOS TTL TTL CMOS/TTL
DF Stopband Attenuation 75dB 75dB 110dB 75dB
256 levels, 256 levels,
Digital Volume Not available Not available
0.5dB Linear
μP I/F Address Pin Not available Not available CAD0/1 CAD0/1
De-emphasis Filter 32k, 44.1k, 48k, 96k 32k, 44.1k, 48k, 96k 32k, 44.1k, 48k 32k, 44.1k, 48k
Optional DF Not available Slow Roll-off Slow Roll-off Slow Roll-off
Zero Detection Pin Not available DZFL/R DZFL/R DZFL/R
DSD Mode No No No Yes
Pin #15 BVSS BVSS BVSS TTL
Pin #26 (Serial mode) CKS0 DZFL DZFL DZFL
Pin #28 (Serial mode) CKS2 DZFR DZFR DZFR

2. Pin Configuration

Pin# AK4393 AK4394 AK4395 AK4396

1 DVSS DVSS DVSS DVSS
2 DVDD DVDD DVDD DVDD
3 MCLK MCLK MCLK MCLK
4 PDN PDN PDN PDN
5 BICK BICK BICK BICK
6 SDATA SDATA SDATA SDATA
7 LRCK LRCK LRCK LRCK
8 SMUTE/CSN SMUTE/CSN SMUTE/CSN SMUTE/CSN
9 DFS0 DFS0 DFS0/CAD0 DFS0/CAD0
10 DEM0/CCLK DEM0/CCLK DEM0/CCLK DEM0/CCLK
11 DEM1/CDTI DEM1/CDTI DEM1/CDTI DEM1/CDTI
12 DIF0 DIF0 DIF0 DIF0
13 DIF1 DIF1 DIF1 DIF1
14 DIF2 DIF2 DIF2 DIF2
15 BVSS BVSS BVSS TTL
16 VREFL VREFL VREFL VREFL
17 VFEFH VFEFH VFEFH VFEFH
18 AVDD AVDD AVDD AVDD
19 AVSS AVSS AVSS AVSS
20 AOUTR- AOUTR- AOUTR- AOUTR-
21 AOUTR+ AOUTR+ AOUTR+ AOUTR+
22 AOUTL- AOUTL- AOUTL- AOUTL-
23 AOUTL+ AOUTL+ AOUTL+ AOUTL+
24 VCOM VCOM VCOM VCOM
25 P/S P/S P/S P/S
26 CKS0 CKS0/DZFL CKS0/DZFL TST1/DZFL
27 CKS1 CKS1 CKS1/CAD1 TST2/CAD1
28 CKS2 CKS2/DZFR ACKS/DZFR ACKS/DZFR
TST1-2: Don’t care at parallel mode.

MS0336-E-00 2004/08
-4-
ASAHI KASEI [AK4396]

3. Compatibility of master clock select in parallel mode

AK4393/4/5 AK4396
CKS2 CKS1 CKS0 DFS0=0 DFS0=1 ACKS DFS0=0 DFS0=1
0 0 0 256fs 128fs 0 256fs 128fs
0 0 1 256fs 256fs 0 256fs 256fs
0 1 0 384fs 192fs 0 384fs 192fs
0 1 1 384fs 384fs 0 384fs 384fs
1 0 0 512fs 256fs 1 512fs 256fs
1 0 1 512fs N/A 1 512fs N/A
1 1 0 768fs 384fs 1 768fs 384fs
1 1 1 768fs N/A 1 768fs N/A
: The setting of DFS0 is ignored.

4. Register map

Addr Register Name D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0

00H Control 1 ACKS 0 0 0 DIF2 DIF1 DIF0 RSTN
01H Control 2 DZFE DZFM SLOW DFS1 DFS0 DEM1 DEM0 SMUTE
02H Control 3 D/P DSDM DCKS DCKB 0 DZFB 0 0
03H Lch ATT Control ATT7 ATT6 ATT5 ATT4 ATT3 ATT2 ATT1 ATT0
04H Rch ATT Control ATT7 ATT6 ATT5 ATT4 ATT3 ATT2 ATT1 ATT0
: Changing points from AK4393’s register.
Italic means the default value differs from AK4393.

Addr Register Name D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0

00H Control 1 ACKS 0 0 0 DIF2 DIF1 DIF0 RSTN
01H Control 2 DZFE DZFM SLOW DFS1 DFS0 DEM1 DEM0 SMUTE
02H Control 3 D/P DSDM DCKS DCKB 0 DZFB 0 0
03H Lch ATT Control ATT7 ATT6 ATT5 ATT4 ATT3 ATT2 ATT1 ATT0
04H Rch ATT Control ATT7 ATT6 ATT5 ATT4 ATT3 ATT2 ATT1 ATT0
: Changing points from AK4394’s register.
Italic means the default value differs from AK4394.

Addr Register Name D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0

00H Control 1 ACKS 0 0 0 DIF2 DIF1 DIF0 RSTN
01H Control 2 DZFE DZFM SLOW DFS1 DFS0 DEM1 DEM0 SMUTE
02H Control 3 D/P DSDM DCKS DCKB 0 DZFB 0 0
03H Lch ATT Control ATT7 ATT6 ATT5 ATT4 ATT3 ATT2 ATT1 ATT0
04H Rch ATT Control ATT7 ATT6 ATT5 ATT4 ATT3 ATT2 ATT1 ATT0
: Changing points from AK4395’s register.
Italic means the default value differs from AK4395.

MS0336-E-00 2004/08
-5-
ASAHI KASEI [AK4396]

PIN/FUNCTION

No. Pin Name I/O Function

1 DVSS - Digital Ground Pin
2 DVDD - Digital Power Supply Pin, 3.3V or 5.0V
3 MCLK I Master Clock Input Pin
Power-Down Mode Pin
4 PDN I When at “L”, the AK4396 is in power-down mode and is held in reset.
The AK4396 should always be reset upon power-up.
BICK I Audio Serial Data Clock Pin in PCM mode
5
DCLK I DSD Clock Pin in DSD mode
SDATA I Audio Serial Data Input Pin in PCM mode
6
DSDL I DSD Lch Data Input Pin in DSD mode
LRCK I L/R Clock Pin in PCM mode
7
DSDR I DSD Rch Data Input Pin in DSD mode
Soft Mute Pin in parallel mode
SMUTE I When this pin goes “H”, soft mute cycle is initiated.
8
When returning “L”, the output mute releases.
CSN I Chip Select Pin in serial mode
DFS0 I Sampling Speed Mode Select Pin in parallel mode (Internal pull-down pin)
9
CAD0 I Chip Address 0 Pin in serial mode (Internal pull-down pin)
DEM0 I De-emphasis Enable 0 Pin in parallel mode
10
CCLK I Control Data Clock Pin in serial mode
DEM1 I De-emphasis Enable 1 Pin in parallel mode
11
CDTI I Control Data Input Pin in serial mode
DIF0 I Digital Input Format 0 Pin in PCM mode
12
DCLK I DSD Clock Pin in DSD mode
DIF1 I Digital Input Format 1 Pin in PCM mode
13
DSDL I DSD Lch Data Input Pin in DSD mode
DIF2 I Digital Input Format 2 Pin in PCM mode
14
DSDR I DSD Rch Data Input Pin in DSD mode

Note: All input pins except internal pull-up/down pins should not be left floating.

MS0336-E-00 2004/08
-6-
ASAHI KASEI [AK4396]

CMOS/TTL Level Select Pin (Internal pull-up pin)

15 TTL I
“L” : CMOS Level, “H” : TTL Level
16 VREFL I Low Level Voltage Reference Input Pin
17 VREFH I High Level Voltage Reference Input Pin
18 AVDD - Analog Power Supply Pin, 5.0V
19 AVSS - Analog Ground Pin
20 AOUTR− O Rch Negative Analog Output Pin
21 AOUTR+ O Rch Positive Analog Output Pin
22 AOUTL− O Lch Negative Analog Output Pin
23 AOUTL+ O Lch Positive Analog Output Pin
24 VCOM O Common Voltage Output Pin, AVDD/2
Parallel/Serial Select Pin (Internal pull-up pin)
25 P/S I
“L”: Serial Mode, “H”: Parallel Mode
TST1 O Test 1 Pin in parallel mode (Don’t Care)
26
DZFL O Lch Zero Input Detect Pin in serial mode
TST2 I Test 2 Pin in parallel mode (Internal pull-down pin)
27
CAD1 I Chip Address 1 Pin in serial mode (Internal pull-down pin)
ACKS I Master Clock Auto Setting Mode Pin in parallel mode
28
DZFR O Rch Zero Input Detect Pin in serial mode

Note: All input pins except internal pull-up/down pins should not be left floating.
Note: TST1 pin outputs Hi-Z in parallel mode.

MS0336-E-00 2004/08
-7-
ASAHI KASEI [AK4396]

„ Handling of Unused Pin

The unused I/O pins should be processed appropriately as below.

(1) Parallel mode (PCM mode only)

Classification Pin Name Setting

AOUTL+, AOUTL− These pins should be open.
Analog
AOUTR+, AOUTR− These pins should be open.
SMUTE This pin should be connected to DVSS.
Digital TST1 This pin should be open.
TST2 This pin should be connected to DVSS.

(2) Serial mode

1. PCM mode

Classification Pin Name Setting

AOUTL+, AOUTL− These pins should be open.
Analog
AOUTR+, AOUTR− These pins should be open.
DIF2, DIF1, DIF0 These pins should be connected to DVSS.
Digital
DZFL, DZFR These pins should be open.

2. DSD mode

• In case of using #5(DCLK), #6(DSDL) and #7(DSDR) pins

Classification Pin Name Setting

AOUTL+, AOUTL− These pins should be open.
Analog
AOUTR+, AOUTR− These pins should be open.
DCLK(#12), DSDL(#13), DSDR(#14) These pins should be connected to DVSS.
Digital
DZFL, DZFR These pins should be open.

• In case of using #12(DCLK), #13(DSDL) and #14(DSDR) pins

Classification Pin Name Setting

AOUTL+, AOUTL− These pins should be open.
Analog
AOUTR+, AOUTR− These pins should be open.
DCLK(#5), DSDL(#6), DSDR(#7) These pins should be connected to DVSS.
Digital
DZFL, DZFR These pins should be open.

MS0336-E-00 2004/08
-8-
ASAHI KASEI [AK4396]

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

(AVSS, DVSS = 0V; Note 1)
Parameter Symbol min max Units
Power Supplies: Analog AVDD −0.3 6.0 V
Digital DVDD −0.3 6.0 V
|AVSS − DVSS| (Note 2) Δ GND - 0.3 V
Input Current, Any pin Except Supplies IIN - ±10 mA
Input Voltage VIND −0.3 DVDD+0.3 V
Ambient Operating Temperature Ta −40 85 °C
Storage Temperature Tstg −65 150 °C

Note 1. All voltages with respect to ground.

Note 2. AVSS and DVSS must be connected to the same analog ground plane.

WARNING: Operation at or beyond these limits may result in permanent damage to the device.
Normal operation is not guaranteed at these extremes.

RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS

(AVSS, DVSS=0V; Note 1)
Parameter Symbol min typ max Units
Power Supplies: Analog AVDD 4.75 5.0 5.25 V
(Note 3) Digital DVDD 3.0 5.0 5.25 V
Voltage Reference “H” voltage reference VREFH AVDD-0.5 - AVDD V
(Note 4) “L” voltage reference VREFL AVSS - - V
VREFH-VREFL Δ VREF 3.0 - AVDD V

Note 1. All voltages with respect to ground.

Note 3. The power up sequence between AVDD and DVDD is not critical.
Note 4. Analog output voltage scales with the voltage of (VREFH − VREFL).
AOUT (typ.@0dB) = (AOUT+) − (AOUT−) = ±2.8Vpp×(VREFH − VREFL)/5.

* AKM assumes no responsibility for the usage beyond the conditions in this data sheet.

MS0336-E-00 2004/08
-9-
ASAHI KASEI [AK4396]

ANALOG CHARACTERISTICS
(Ta=25°C; AVDD=DVDD=5.0V; AVSS=DVSS=0V; VREFH=AVDD, VREFL=AVSS; Input data=24bit; RL ≥ 1kΩ;
BICK=64fs; Input Signal Frequency = 1kHz; Sampling frequency = 44.1kHz; Measurement bandwidth = 20Hz ~ 20kHz;
External Circuit: Figure 17; unless otherwise specified.)
Parameter min typ max Units
Resolution 24 Bits
Dynamic Characteristics (Note 5)
THD+N fs=44.1kHz 0dBFS −100 −90 dB
BW=20kHz −60dBFS −57 - dB
fs=96kHz 0dBFS −97 - dB
BW=40kHz −60dBFS −54 - dB
fs=192kHz 0dBFS −97 - dB
BW=40kHz −60dBFS −54 - dB
BW=80kHz −60dBFS −51 - dB
Dynamic Range (−60dBFS with A-weighted) (Note 6) 114 120 dB
S/N (A-weighted) (Note 7) 114 120 dB
Interchannel Isolation (1kHz) 100 120 dB
DC Accuracy
Interchannel Gain Mismatch 0.15 0.3 dB
Gain Drift (Note 8) 20 - ppm/°C
Output Voltage (Note 9) ±2.65 ±2.8 ±2.95 Vpp
Load Capacitance 25 pF
Load Resistance (Note 10) 1 kΩ
Power Supplies
Power Supply Current
Normal operation (PDN pin = “H”) (Note 11)
AVDD 32 47 mA
DVDD (fs ≤ 96kHz) 8 - mA
DVDD (fs = 192kHz) 13 19 mA
Power down (PDN pin = “L”) (Note 12)
AVDD+DVDD 10 100 μA
Power Supply Rejection (Note 13) 50 dB

Note 5. Measured by Audio Precision, System Two. Averaging mode. Refer to the evaluation board manual.
Note 6. By Figure 17. External LPF Circuit Example 2.101dB at 16bit data and 118dB at 20bit data.
Note 7. By Figure 17. External LPF Circuit Example 2. S/N does not depend on input bit length.
Note 8. The voltage on (VREFH − VREFL) is held +5V externally.
Note 9. Full-scale voltage(0dB). Output voltage scales with the voltage of (VREFH − VREFL).
AOUT (typ.@0dB) = (AOUT+) − (AOUT−) = ±2.8Vpp × (VREFH − VREFL)/5.
Note 10. For AC-load. 1.5kΩ for DC-Load
Note 11. typ. 5mA (@ DVDD=3.3V, fs ≤ 96kHz), typ. 8mA (@ DVDD=3.3V, fs = 192kHz)
Note 12. In the power-down mode. P/S pin = TTL pin = DVDD, and all other digital input pins including clock pins
(MCLK, BICK and LRCK) are held DVSS.
Note 13. PSR is applied to AVDD, DVDD with 1kHz, 100mVpp. VREFH pin is held +5V.

MS0336-E-00 2004/08
- 10 -
ASAHI KASEI [AK4396]

SHARP ROLL-OFF FILTER CHARACTERISTICS (fs = 44.1kHz)

(Ta=25°C; AVDD=4.75 ~ 5.25V, DVDD=3.0 ~ 5.25V; Normal Speed Mode; DEM=OFF; SLOW bi =“0”)
Parameter Symbol min typ max Units
Digital Filter
Passband (Note 15) ±0.01dB PB 0 20.0 kHz
−6.0dB - 22.05 - kHz
Stopband (Note 14) SB 24.1 kHz
Passband Ripple PR ±0.005 dB
Stopband Attenuation SA 75 dB
Group Delay (Note 15) GD - 28 - 1/fs
Digital Filter + SCF
Frequency Response : 0 ∼ 20.0kHz - ±0.2 - dB

SHARP ROLL-OFF FILTER CHARACTERISTICS (fs = 96kHz)

(Ta=25°C; AVDD=4.75 ∼ 5.25V, DVDD=3.0 ∼ 5.25V; Double Speed Mode; DEM=OFF; SLOW bit=“0”)
Parameter Symbol min typ max Units
Digital Filter
Passband (Note 14) ±0.01dB PB 0 43.5 kHz
−6.0dB - 48.0 - kHz
Stopband (Note 14) SB 52.5 kHz
Passband Ripple PR ±0.005 dB
Stopband Attenuation SA 75 dB
Group Delay (Note 15) GD - 28 - 1/fs
Digital Filter + SCF
Frequency Response : 0 ∼ 40.0kHz - ±0.3 - dB

SHARP ROLL-OFF FILTER CHARACTERISTICS (fs = 192kHz)

(Ta=25°C; AVDD=4.75 ∼ 5.25V, DVDD=3.0 ∼ 5.25V; Quad Speed Mode; DEM=OFF; SLOW bit=“0”)
Parameter Symbol min typ max Units
Digital Filter
Passband (Note 14) ±0.01dB PB 0 87.0 kHz
−6.0dB - 96.0 - kHz
Stopband (Note 14) SB 105 kHz
Passband Ripple PR ±0.005 dB
Stopband Attenuation SA 75 dB
Group Delay (Note 15) GD - 28 - 1/fs
Digital Filter + SCF
Frequency Response : 0 ∼ 80.0kHz - +0/−1 - dB

Note 14. The passband and stopband frequencies scale with fs. For example, PB = 0.4535×fs (@±0.01dB), SB =
0.546×fs.
Note 15. The calculating delay time which occurred by digital filtering. This time is from setting the 16/20/24bit data of
both channels to input register to the output of analog signal.

MS0336-E-00 2004/08
- 11 -
ASAHI KASEI [AK4396]

SLOW ROLL-OFF FILTER CHARACTERISTICS (fs = 44.1kHz)

(Ta=25°C; AVDD=4.75 ∼ 5.25V, DVDD=3.0 ∼ 5.25V; Normal Speed Mode; DEM=OFF; SLOW bit=“1”)
Parameter Symbol min typ max Units
Digital Filter
Passband (Note 16) ±0.04dB PB 0 8.1 kHz
−3.0dB - 18.2 - kHz
Stopband (Note 16) SB 39.2 kHz
Passband Ripple PR ±0.005 dB
Stopband Attenuation SA 72 dB
Group Delay (Note 15) GD - 28 - 1/fs
Digital Filter + SCF
Frequency Response: 0 ∼ 20.0kHz - +0/−5 - dB

SLOW ROLL-OFF FILTER CHARACTERISTICS (fs = 96kHz)

(Ta=25°C; AVDD=4.75 ∼ 5.25V, DVDD=3.0 ∼ 5.25V; DEM=OFF; SLOW bit=“1”)
Parameter Symbol min typ max Units
Digital Filter
Passband (Note 16) ±0.04dB PB 0 17.7 kHz
−3.0dB - 39.6 - kHz
Stopband (Note 15) SB 85.3 kHz
Passband Ripple PR ±0.005 dB
Stopband Attenuation SA 72 dB
Group Delay (Note 14) GD - 28 - 1/fs
Digital Filter + SCF
Frequency Response: 0 ∼ 40.0kHz - +0/−4 - dB

SLOW ROLL-OFF FILTER CHARACTERISTICS (fs = 192kHz)

(Ta=25°C; AVDD=4.75 ∼ 5.25V, DVDD=3.0 ∼ 5.25V; Quad Speed Mode; DEM=OFF; SLOW bit=“1”)
Parameter Symbol min typ max Units
Digital Filter
Passband (Note 16) ±0.04dB PB 0 35.5 kHz
−3.0dB - 79.1 - kHz
Stopband (Note 16) SB 171 kHz
Passband Ripple PR ±0.005 dB
Stopband Attenuation SA 72 dB
Group Delay (Note 15) GD - 28 - 1/fs
Digital Filter + SCF
Frequency Response: 0 ∼ 80.0kHz - +0/−5 - dB

Note 16. The passband and stopband frequencies scale with fs. For example, PB = 0.185×fs (@±0.04dB), SB = 0.888×fs.

MS0336-E-00 2004/08
- 12 -
ASAHI KASEI [AK4396]

DC CHARACTERISTICS (CMOS Level Mode)

(Ta=25°C; AVDD=4.75 ~ 5.25V, DVDD=3.0 ~ 5.25V; TTL pin = “L”)
Parameter Symbol min typ max Units
High-Level Input Voltage VIH 70%DVDD - - V
Low-Level Input Voltage VIL - - 30%DVDD V
High-Level Output Voltage (Iout = −100μA) VOH DVDD−0.5 - - V
Low-Level Output Voltage (Iout = 100μA) VOL - - 0.5 V
Input Leakage Current (Note 17) Iin - - ±10 μA

DC CHARACTERISTICS (TTL Level Mode)

(Ta=25°C; AVDD=4.75 ~ 5.25V, DVDD=4.75 ~ 5.25V; TTL pin = “H”)
Parameter Symbol min typ max Units
High-Level Input Voltage (TTL pin) VIH 70%DVDD - - V
(All pins except TTL pin) VIH 2.2 - - V
Low-Level Input Voltage (TTL pin) VIL - - 30%DVDD V
(All pins except TTL pin) VIL - - 0.8 V
High-Level Output Voltage (Iout = −100μA) VOH DVDD-0.5 - - V
Low-Level Output Voltage (Iout = 100μA) VOL - - 0.5 V
Input Leakage Current (Note 17) Iin - - ± 10 μA

Note 17. DFS0, TTL, P/S and TST2 pins have internal pull-down or pull-up devices, nominally 100kΩ.

MS0336-E-00 2004/08
- 13 -
ASAHI KASEI [AK4396]

SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS
(Ta=25°C; AVDD=4.75 ∼ 5.25V, DVDD=3.0 ∼ 5.25V)
Parameter Symbol min typ max Units
Master Clock Timing
Frequency fCLK 7.7 41.472 MHz
Duty Cycle dCLK 40 60 %
LRCK Frequency (Note 18)
Normal Speed Mode fsn 30 54 kHz
Double Speed Mode fsd 54 108 kHz
Quad Speed Mode fsq 108 216 kHz
Duty Cycle Duty 45 55 %
PCM Audio Interface Timing
BICK Period
Normal Speed Mode tBCK 1/128fn ns
Double Speed Mode tBCK 1/64fd ns
Quad Speed Mode tBCK 1/64fq ns
BICK Pulse Width Low tBCKL 30 ns
BICK Pulse Width High tBCKH 30 ns
BICK “↑” to LRCK Edge (Note 19) tBLR 20 ns
LRCK Edge to BICK “↑” (Note 19) tLRB 20 ns
SDATA Hold Time tSDH 20 ns
SDATA Setup Time tSDS 20 ns
DSD Audio Interface Timing
DCLK Period tDCK 1/64fs ns
DCLK Pulse Width Low tDCKL 160 ns
DCLK Pulse Width High tDCKH 160 ns
DCLK Edge to DSDL/R (Note 20) tDDD −20 20 ns
Control Interface Timing
CCLK Period tCCK 200 ns
CCLK Pulse Width Low tCCKL 80 ns
Pulse Width High tCCKH 80 ns
CDTI Setup Time tCDS 50 ns
CDTI Hold Time tCDH 50 ns
CSN High Time tCSW 150 ns
CSN “↓” to CCLK “↑” tCSS 50 ns
CCLK “↑” to CSN “↑” tCSH 50 ns
Reset Timing
PDN Pulse Width (Note 21) tPD 150 ns

Note 18. When the normal/double/quad speed modes are switched, AK4396 should be reset by PDN pin or RSTN bit.
Note 19. BICK rising edge must not occur at the same time as LRCK edge.
Note 20. DSD data transmitting device must meet this time.
Note 21. The AK4396 can be reset by bringing PDN pin “L” to “H”. When the states of or DFS1-0 bits change,
the AK4396 should be reset by RSTN bit.

MS0336-E-00 2004/08
- 14 -
ASAHI KASEI [AK4396]

„ Timing Diagram

1/fCLK

VIH
MCLK
VIL
tCLKH tCLKL
dCLK=tCLKH x fCLK, tCLKL x fCLK

1/fs

VIH
LRCK
VIL

tBCK

VIH
BICK
VIL
tBCKH tBCKL

Clock Timing

VIH
LRCK
VIL

tBLR tLRB

VIH
BICK
VIL

tSDS tSDH

VIH
SDATA
VIL
Audio Interface Timing (PCM Mode)

MS0336-E-00 2004/08
- 15 -
ASAHI KASEI [AK4396]

tDCK
tDCKL tDCKH

VIH
DCLK
VIL

tDDD

DSDL VIH
DSDR
VIL

Audio Serial Interface Timing (DSD Normal Mode, DCKB bit = “0”)

tDCK
tDCKL tDCKH

VIH
DCLK
VIL

tDDD tDDD

DSDL VIH
DSDR
VIL

Audio Serial Interface Timing (DSD Phase Modulation Mode, DCKB bit = “0”)

VIH
CSN
VIL

tCSS tCCKL tCCKH

VIH
CCLK
VIL

tCDS tCDH

VIH
CDTI C1 C0 R/W A4
VIL

WRITE Command Input Timing

MS0336-E-00 2004/08
- 16 -
ASAHI KASEI [AK4396]

tCSW

VIH
CSN
VIL

tCSH

VIH
CCLK
VIL

VIH
CDTI D3 D2 D1 D0
VIL

WRITE Data Input Timing

tPD
PDN
VIL
Power Down & Reset Timing

MS0336-E-00 2004/08
- 17 -
ASAHI KASEI [AK4396]

OPERATION OVERVIEW

„ D/A Conversion Mode

In serial mode, the AK4396 can perform D/A conversion for either PCM data or DSD data. The D/P bit controls
PCM/DSD mode. When DSD mode, DSD data can be input from DCLK, DSDL and DSDR pins. When PCM mode,
PCM data can be input from BICK, LRCK and SDATA pins. When PCM/DSD mode changes by D/P bit, the AK4396
should be reset by RSTN bit. It takes about 2/fs to 3/fs to change the mode. In parallel mode, the AK4396 performs for
only PCM data.

D/P bit Interface

0 PCM
1 DSD
Table 1. PCM/DSD Mode Control

„ System Clock

[1] PCM Mode

The external clocks, which are required to operate the AK4396, are MCLK, BICK and LRCK. MCLK should be
synchronized with LRCK but the phase is not critical. The MCLK is used to operate the digital interpolation filter and the
delta-sigma modulator. When external clocks are changed, the AK4396 should be reset by PDN pin or RSTN bit.

All external clocks (MCLK, BICK and LRCK) should always be present whenever the AK4396 is in normal operation
mode (PDN pin = “H”). If these clocks are not provided, the AK4396 may draw excess current because the device utilizes
dynamic refreshed logic internally. If the external clocks are not present, the AK4396 should be in the power-down mode
(PDN pin = “L”) or in the reset mode (RSTN bit = “0”). After exiting reset (PDN pin = “L” → “H”) at power-up etc., the
AK4396 is in power-down mode until MCLK is supplied.

(1) Parallel Mode (P/S pin = “H”)

1. Manual Setting Mode (ACKS pin = “L”)

MCLK frequency is detected automatically and the sampling speed is set by DFS0 pin (Table 2). The MCLK frequency
corresponding to each sampling speed should be provided (Table 3). DFS1 bit is fixed to “0”. When DFS0 pin is changed,
the AK4396 should be reset by PDN pin. Quad speed mode is not supported in this mode.

DFS0 pin Sampling Rate (fs)

L Normal Speed Mode 30kHz ∼ 54kHz
H Double Speed Mode 54kHz ∼ 108kHz
Table 2. Sampling Speed (Manual Setting Mode @Parallel Mode)

LRCK MCLK (MHz) BICK

fs 128fs 192fs 256fs 384fs 512fs 768fs 1152fs 64fs
32.0kHz N/A N/A 8.1920 12.2880 16.3840 24.5760 36.8640 2.0480MHz
44.1kHz N/A N/A 11.2896 16.9344 22.5792 33.8688 N/A 2.8224MHz
48.0kHz N/A N/A 12.2880 18.4320 24.5760 36.8640 N/A 3.0720MHz
88.2kHz 11.2896 16.9344 22.5792 33.8688 N/A N/A N/A 5.6448MHz
96.0kHz 12.2880 18.4320 24.5760 36.8640 N/A N/A N/A 6.1440MHz
Table 3. System Clock Example (Manual Setting Mode @Parallel Mode)

MS0336-E-00 2004/08
- 18 -
ASAHI KASEI [AK4396]

2. Auto Setting Mode (ACKS pin = “H”)

MCLK frequency and the sampling speed are detected automatically (Table 4) and DFS0 pin is ignored. DFS0 pin should
be fixed to DVSS or DVDD.

MCLK Sampling Speed

1152fs Normal (fs≤32kHz)
512fs 768fs Normal
256fs 384fs Double
128fs 192fs Quad
Table 4. Sampling Speed (Auto Setting Mode @Parallel Mode)

LRCK MCLK (MHz) Sampling

fs 128fs 192fs 256fs 384fs 512fs 768fs 1152fs Speed
32.0kHz N/A N/A N/A N/A 16.3840 24.5760 36.8640
44.1kHz N/A N/A N/A N/A 22.5792 33.8688 N/A Normal
48.0kHz N/A N/A N/A N/A 24.5760 36.8640 N/A
88.2kHz N/A N/A 22.5792 33.8688 N/A N/A N/A
Double
96.0kHz N/A N/A 24.5760 36.8640 N/A N/A N/A
176.4kHz 22.5792 33.8688 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Quad
192.0kHz 24.5760 36.8640 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Table 5. System Clock Example (Auto Setting Mode @Parallel Mode)

(2) Serial Mode (P/S pin = “L”)

1. Manual Setting Mode (ACKS bit = “0”)

MCLK frequency is detected automatically and the sampling speed is set by DFS1-0 bits (Table 6). The MCLK frequency
corresponding to each sampling speed should be provided (Table 7). The AK4396 is set to Manual Setting Mode at
power-up (PDN pin = “L” → “H”). When DFS1-0 bits are changed, the AK4396 should be reset by RSTN bit.

DFS1 bit DFS0 bit Sampling Rate (fs)

0 0 Normal Speed Mode 30kHz ∼ 54kHz Default
0 1 Double Speed Mode 54kHz ∼ 108kHz
1 0 Quad Speed Mode 120kHz ∼ 216kHz
Table 6. Sampling Speed (Manual Setting Mode @Serial Mode)

LRCK MCLK (MHz) BICK

fs 128fs 192fs 256fs 384fs 512fs 768fs 1152fs 64fs
32.0kHz N/A N/A 8.1920 12.2880 16.3840 24.5760 36.8640 2.0480MHz
44.1kHz N/A N/A 11.2896 16.9344 22.5792 33.8688 N/A 2.8224MHz
48.0kHz N/A N/A 12.2880 18.4320 24.5760 36.8640 N/A 3.0720MHz
88.2kHz 11.2896 16.9344 22.5792 33.8688 N/A N/A N/A 5.6448MHz
96.0kHz 12.2880 18.4320 24.5760 36.8640 N/A N/A N/A 6.1440MHz
176.4kHz 22.5792 33.8688 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 11.2896MHz
192.0kHz 24.5760 36.8640 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 12.2880MHz
Table 7. System Clock Example (Manual Setting Mode @Serial Mode)

MS0336-E-00 2004/08
- 19 -
ASAHI KASEI [AK4396]

2. Auto Setting Mode (ACKS bit = “1”)

MCLK frequency and the sampling speed are detected automatically (Table 8) and DFS1-0 bits are ignored. The MCLK
frequency corresponding to each sampling speed should be provided (Table 9).

MCLK Sampling Speed

1152fs Normal (fs≤32kHz)
512fs 768fs Normal
256fs 384fs Double
128fs 192fs Quad
Table 8. Sampling Speed (Auto Setting Mode @Serial Mode)

LRCK MCLK (MHz) Sampling

fs 128fs 192fs 256fs 384fs 512fs 768fs 1152fs Speed
32.0kHz N/A N/A N/A N/A 16.3840 24.5760 36.8640
44.1kHz N/A N/A N/A N/A 22.5792 33.8688 N/A Normal
48.0kHz N/A N/A N/A N/A 24.5760 36.8640 N/A
88.2kHz N/A N/A 22.5792 33.8688 N/A N/A N/A
Double
96.0kHz N/A N/A 24.5760 36.8640 N/A N/A N/A
176.4kHz 22.5792 33.8688 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Quad
192.0kHz 24.5760 36.8640 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Table 9. System Clock Example (Auto Setting Mode @Serial Mode)

[2] DSD Mode

The external clocks, which are required to operate the AK4396, are MCLK and DCLK. MCLK should be synchronized
with DCLK but the phase is not critical. The frequency of MCLK is set by DCKS bit.

All external clocks (MCLK, DCLK) should always be present whenever the AK4396 is in the normal operation mode
(PDN pin = “H”). If these clocks are not provided, the AK4396 may draw excess current because the device utilizes
dynamic refreshed logic internally. The AK4396 should be reset by PDN pin = “L” after threse clocks are provided. If the
external clocks are not present, the AK4396 should be in the power-down mode (PDN pin = “L”). After exiting
reset(PDN pin = “L” → “H”) at power-up etc., the AK4396 is in the power-down mode until MCLK is input.

DCKS bit MCLK Frequency DCLK Frequency

0 512fs 64fs Default
1 768fs 64fs
Table 10. System Clock (DSD Mode)

MS0336-E-00 2004/08
- 20 -
ASAHI KASEI [AK4396]

„ Audio Interface Format

[1] PCM Mode

Data is shifted in via the SDATA pin using BICK and LRCK inputs. Five data formats are supported and selected by the
DIF2-0 pins (Parallel mode) or DIF2-0 bits (Serial mode) as shown in Table 11. In all formats the serial data is MSB-first,
2's compliment format and is latched on the rising edge of BICK. Mode 2 can be used for 20 and 16 MSB justified formats
by zeroing the unused LSBs.

Mode DIF2 DIF1 DIF0 Input Format BICK Figure

0 0 0 0 16bit LSB justified ≥ 32fs Figure 1
1 0 0 1 20bit LSB justified ≥ 48fs Figure 2
2 0 1 0 24bit MSB justified ≥ 48fs Figure 3 Default
3 0 1 1 24bit I2S Compatible ≥ 48fs Figure 4
4 1 0 0 24bit LSB justified ≥ 48fs Figure 2
Table 11. Audio Interface Format

LRCK
0 1 10 11 12 13 14 15 0 1 10 11 12 13 14 15 0 1
BICK
(32fs)

SDATA 15 14 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 15 14 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 15 14
Mode 0
0 1 14 15 16 17 31 0 1 14 15 16 17 31 0 1
BICK
(64fs)

SDATA Don’t care 15 14 0 Don’t care 15 14 0

Mode 0
15:MSB, 0:LSB
Lch Data Rch Data
Figure 1. Mode 0 Timing

LRCK
0 1 8 9 10 11 12 31 0 1 8 9 10 11 12 31 0 1
BICK
(64fs)

SDATA Don’t care 19 0 Don’t care 19 0

Mode 1
19:MSB, 0:LSB

SDATA Don’t care 23 22 21 20 19 0 Don’t care 23 22 21 20 19 0

Mode 4
23:MSB, 0:LSB
Lch Data Rch Data
Figure 2. Mode 1, 4 Timing

MS0336-E-00 2004/08
- 21 -
ASAHI KASEI [AK4396]

LRCK

0 1 2 22 23 24 30 31 0 1 2 22 23 24 30 31 0 1

BICK
(64fs)

SDATA 23 22 1 0 Don’t care 23 22 1 0 Don’t care 23 22

23:MSB, 0:LSB

Lch Data Rch Data

Figure 3. Mode 2 Timing

LRCK

0 1 2 3 23 24 25 31 0 1 2 3 23 24 25 31 0 1

BICK
(64fs)

SDATA 23 22 1 0 Don’t care 23 22 1 0 Don’t care 23

23:MSB, 0:LSB

Lch Data Rch Data

Figure 4. Mode 3 Timing

[2] DSD Mode

In case of DSD mode, DIF2-0 pins and DIF2-0 bits are ignored. The frequency of DCLK is fixed to 64fs. DCKB bit can
invert the polarity of DCLK.

DCLK (64fs)
DCKB=1

DCLK (64fs)
DCKB=0

DSDL,DSDR D0 D1 D2 D3
Normal

DSDL,DSDR
Phase Modulation D0 D1 D1 D2 D2 D3

Figure 5. DSD Mode Timing

MS0336-E-00 2004/08
- 22 -
ASAHI KASEI [AK4396]

„ D/A conversion mode switching timing

RSTN bit
≥4/fs

D/A Mode PCM Mode DSD Mode

≥0
D/A Data PCM Data DSD Data
Figure 6. D/A Mode Switching Timing (PCM to DSD)

RSTN bit

D/A Mode DSD Mode PCM Mode

≥4/fs
D/A Data DSD Data PCM Data
Figure 7. D/A Mode Switching Timing (DSD to PCM)

Caution: In DSD mode, the signal level is ranging from 25% to 75%. Peak levels of DSD signal above this duty are not
recommended by SACD format book (Scarlet Book).

„ De-emphasis Filter

A digital de-emphasis filter is available for 32kHz, 44.1kHz or 48kHz sampling rates (tc = 50/15µs) and is enabled or
disabled with DEM1-0 pins or DEM1-0 bits. In case of double speed and quad speed mode, the digital de-emphasis filter
is always off. When DSD mode, DEM1-0 bits are ignored. The setting value is held even if PCM mode and DSD mode
are switched.

DEM1 DEM0 Mode

0 0 44.1kHz
0 1 OFF Default
1 0 48kHz
1 1 32kHz
Table 12. De-emphasis Control (Normal Speed Mode)

„ Output Volume

The AK4396 includes channel independent digital output volumes (ATT) with 256 levels at linear step including MUTE.
These volumes are in front of the DAC and can attenuate the input data from 0dB to –48dB and mute. When changing
levels, transitions are executed via soft changes; thus no switching noise occurs during these transitions. The transition
time of 1 level and all 256 levels is shown in Table 13.

Transition Time
Sampling Speed
1 Level 255 to 0
Normal Speed Mode 4LRCK 1020LRCK
Double Speed Mode 8LRCK 2040LRCK
Quad Speed Mode 16LRCK 4080LRCK
Table 13. ATT Transition Time

MS0336-E-00 2004/08
- 23 -
ASAHI KASEI [AK4396]

„ Zero Detection

The AK4396 has channel-independent zeros detect function. When the input data at each channel is continuously zeros
for 8192 LRCK cycles, DZF pin of each channel goes to “H”. DZF pin of each channel immediately goes to “L” if input
data of each channel is not zero after going DZF pin “H”. If RSTN bit is “0”, DZF pins of both channels go to “H”. DZF
pins of both channels go to “L” at 4 ~ 5/fs after RSTN bit returns to “1”. If DZFM bit is set to “1”, DZF pins of both
channels go to “H” only when the input data at both channels are continuously zeros for 8192 LRCK cycles. Zero detect
function can be disabled by DZFE bit. In this case, DZF pins of both channels are always “L”. DZFB bit can invert the
polarity of DZF pin.

„ Soft Mute operation

Soft mute operation is performed at digital domain. When SMUTE pin goes to “H” or SMUTE bit goes to “1”, the output
signal is attenuated by −∞ during ATT_DATA × ATT transition time (Table 13) from the current ATT level. When
SMUTE pin is returned to “L” or SMUTE bit is returned to “0”, the mute is cancelled and the output attenuation gradually
changes to the ATT level during ATT_DATA × ATT transition time. If the soft mute is cancelled before attenuating −∞
after starting the operation, the attenuation is discontinued and returned to ATT level by the same cycle. The soft mute is
effective for changing the signal source without stopping the signal transmission.

SM U T E pin or
SM U T E bit
(1) (1)
AT T _Level
(3)
Attenuation

-∞
GD GD
(2) (2)

AO U T

(4)
8192/fs
D Z F pin

Notes:
(1) ATT_DATA × ATT transition time (Table 13). For example, this time is 1020LRCK cycles (1020/fs)
at ATT_DATA=255 in Normal Speed Mode.
(2) Analog output corresponding to digital input has the group delay (GD).
(3) If the soft mute is cancelled before attenuating −∞ after starting the operation, the attenuation is discontinued
and returned to ATT level by the same cycle.
(4) When the input data at each channel is continuously zeros for 8192 LRCK cycles, DZF pin of each channel goes
to “H”. DZF pin immediately goes to “L” if input data are not zero after going DZF pin “H”.

Figure 8. Soft Mute and Zero Detection

„ System Reset

The AK4396 should be reset once by bringing PDN pin = “L” upon power-up. The analog section exits power-down
mode by MCLK input and then the digital section exits power-down mode after the internal counter counts MCLK during
4/fs.

MS0336-E-00 2004/08
- 24 -
ASAHI KASEI [AK4396]

„ Power-Down

The AK4396 is placed in the power-down mode by bringing PDN pin “L” and the anlog outputs are floating (Hi-Z).
Figure 9 shows an example of the system timing at the power-down and power-up.

PDN

Internal Normal Operation Power-down Normal Operation

State

D/A In “0” data

(Digital)
GD (1) GD (1)
(3) (2) (3)
D/A Out
(Analog)
(4)
Clock In
MCLK, BICK, LRCK Don’t care

DZFL/DZFR (6)

External
(5) Mute ON
MUTE

Notes:
(1) The analog output corresponding to digital input has the group delay (GD).
(2) Analog outputs are floating (Hi -Z) at the power-down mode.
(3) Click noise occurs at the edge (“↑ ↓”) of PDN signal. This noise is output even if “0” data is input.
(4) The external clocks (MCLK, BICK and LRCK) can be stopped in the power-down mode (PDN pin = “L”).
(5) Please mute the analog output externally if the click noise (3) influences system application.
The timing example is shown in this figure.
(6) DZF pins are “L” in the power-down mode (PDN pin = “L”).

Other:
After exiting power-down mode (PDN pin: “L” Æ “H”), AOUT pins go to VCOM voltage (VA/2). This time is set
by a capacitor connected to VCOM pin and the internal resistor of VCOM pin.
E.g. C = 10μF
1 τ (typ) = 10μF x 0.75kΩ = 7.5ms, 5τ (typ) = 37.5ms
1 τ (max) = 10μF x 0.975kΩ = 9.75ms, 5τ (max) = 48.75ms

Figure 9. Power-down/up sequence example

MS0336-E-00 2004/08
- 25 -
ASAHI KASEI [AK4396]

„ Reset Function

When RSTN bit = “0”, the AK4396’s digital section is powered down but the internal register values are not initialized.
The analog outputs go to VCOM voltage and DZF pins of both channels go to “H”. Figure 10 shows the example of reset
by RSTN bit.

RSTN bit
3~4/fs (6) 2~3/fs (6)
Internal
RSTN Timing

Internal Normal Operation Digital Block Normal Operation

State P d

D/A In “0” data

(Digital)
(1) GD GD (1)
(3) (2) (3)
D/A Out
(Analog)
(4)
Clock In
MCLK, BICK, LRCK Don’t care

2/fs(5)
DZFL/DZFR

Notes:
(1) The analog output corresponding to digital input has the group delay (GD).
(2) Analog outputs go to VCOM voltage.
(3) Click noise occurs at the edges (“↑ ↓”) of the internal timing of RSTN bit.
This noise is output even if “0” data is input.
(4) The external clocks (MCLK, BICK and LRCK) can be stopped in the reset mode (RSTN bit = “L”).
(5) DZF pins go to “H” when the RSTN bit becomes “0”, and go to “L” at 2/fs after RSTN bit becomes “1”.
(6) There is a delay, 3 ~ 4/fs from RSTN bit “0” to the internal RSTN bit “0”, and 2 ~ 3/fs from RSTN bit “1”
to the internal RSTN bit “1”.

Figure 10. Reset sequence example

MS0336-E-00 2004/08
- 26 -
ASAHI KASEI [AK4396]

„ Register Control Interface

Pins (parallel control mode) or registers (serial control mode) can control each functions of the AK4396. In parallel mode,
the register setting is ignored and the pin setting is ignored in serial mode. When the state of P/S pin is changed, the
AK4396 should be reset by PDN pin. The serial control interface is enabled by the P/S pin = “L”. In this mode, pin setting
must be all “L”. Internal registers may be written by 3-wire µP interface pins: CSN, CCLK and CDTI. The data on this
interface consists of Chip address (2bits, CAD0/1), Read/Write (1bit; fixed to “1”), Register address (MSB first, 5bits)
and Control data (MSB first, 8bits). The AK4396 latches the data on the rising edge of CCLK, so data should be clocked
in on the falling edge. The writing of data becomes valid by CSN “↑”. The clock speed of CCLK is 5MHz (max).

Function Parallel mode Serial mode

Auto Setting Mode O O
Manual Setting Mode O O
Audio Format O O
De-emphasis O O
SMUTE O O
DSD Mode X O
Zero Detection X O
Slow roll-off response X O
Digital Attenuator X O
Table 14. Function List (O: Available, X: Not available)

PDN pin = “L” resets the registers to their default values. In serial mode, the internal timing circuit is reset by RSTN bit,
but the registers are not initialized.

CSN

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
CCLK

CDTI C1 C0 R/W A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0

C1-C0: Chip Address (C1=CAD1, C0=CAD0)

R/W: READ/WRITE (Fixed to “1”, Write only)
A4-A0: Register Address
D7-D0: Control Data
Figure 11. Control I/F Timing

* The AK4396 does not support the read command.

* When the AK4396 is in the power down mode (PDN pin = “L”) or the MCLK is not provided, writing into the control
register is inhibited.
* The control data can not be written when the CCLK rising edge is 15times or less or 17times or more during CSN is “L”.

MS0336-E-00 2004/08
- 27 -
ASAHI KASEI [AK4396]

„ Register Map

Addr Register Name D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0

00H Control 1 ACKS 0 0 0 DIF2 DIF1 DIF0 RSTN
01H Control 2 DZFE DZFM SLOW DFS1 DFS0 DEM1 DEM0 SMUTE
02H Control 3 D/P DSDM DCKS DCKB 0 DZFB 0 0
03H Lch ATT ATT7 ATT6 ATT5 ATT4 ATT3 ATT2 ATT1 ATT0
04H Rch ATT ATT7 ATT6 ATT5 ATT4 ATT3 ATT2 ATT1 ATT0

Notes:
For addresses from 05H to 1FH, data must not be written.
When PDN pin goes to “L”, the registers are initialized to their default values.
When RSTN bit goes to “0”, the only internal timing is reset and the registers are not initialized to their default values.
When the state of P/S pin is changed, the AK4396 should be reset by PDN pin.

„ Register Definitions

Addr Register Name D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0

00H Control 1 ACKS 0 0 0 DIF2 DIF1 DIF0 RSTN
Default 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1

RSTN: Internal timing reset

0 : Reset. All registers are not initialized.
1 : Normal Operation (Default)
When the states of DFS1-0 bits change, the AK4396 should be reset by PDN pin or RSTN bit.

DIF2-0: Audio data interface modes (see Table 11)

Initial value is “010” (Mode 2: 24bit MSB justified).

ACKS: Master Clock Frequency Auto Setting Mode Enable (PCM only)
0 : Disable : Manual setting mode (Default)
1 : Enable : Auto setting mode
When ACKS bit = “1”, MCLK frequency and the sampling frequency are detected automatically.

MS0336-E-00 2004/08
- 28 -
ASAHI KASEI [AK4396]

Addr Register Name D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0

01H Control 2 DZFE DZFM SLOW DFS1 DFS0 DEM1 DEM0 SMUTE
Default 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0

SMUTE: Soft Mute Enable

0 : Normal operation (Default)
1 : DAC outputs soft-muted.

DEM1-0: De-emphasis response (Table 12)

Initial value is “01” (OFF).

DFS1-0: Sampling Speed Control (Table 6)

Initial value is “00” (Normal speed).
When changing between Normal/Double Speed Mode and Quad Speed Mode, some click noise occurs at
that time.

SLOW: Slow Roll-off Filter Enable

0 : Sharp roll-off filter (Default)
1 : Slow roll-off filter

DZFM: Data Zero Detect Mode

0 : Channel separated mode (Default)
1 : Channel ANDed mode
If the DZFM bit is set to “1”, the DZF pins of both channels go to “H” only when the input data at both
channels are continuously zeros for 8192 LRCK cycles.

DZFE: Data Zero Detect Enable

0 : Disable (Default)
1 : Enable
Zero detect function can be disabled by DZFE bit “0”. In this case, the DZF pins of both channels are
always “L”.

MS0336-E-00 2004/08
- 29 -
ASAHI KASEI [AK4396]

Addr Register Name D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0

02H Control 3 D/P DSDM DCKS DCKB 0 DZFB 0 0
Default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

DZFB: Inverting Enable of DZF

0 : DZF pin goes “H” at Zero Detection (Default)
1 : DZF pin goes “L” at Zero Detection

DCKB: Polarity of DCLK (DSD Only)

0 : DSD data is output from DCLK falling edge. (Default)
1 : DSD data is output from DCLK rising edge.

DCKS: Master Clock Frequency Select at DSD mode (DSD only)

0 : 512fs (Default)
1 : 768fs

DSDM: DSD Input Select

0 : Input pin : No.5, 6, 7 (Default)
1 : Input pin : No. 12, 13, 14
When DSDM bit is changed, the AK4396 should be reset by RSTN bit.

D/P: DSD/PCM Mode Select

0 : PCM mode (Default)
1 : DSD mode
When D/P bit is changed, the AK4396 should be reset by RSTN bit.

Addr Register Name D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0

03H Lch ATT ATT7 ATT6 ATT5 ATT4 ATT3 ATT2 ATT1 ATT0
04H Rch ATT ATT7 ATT6 ATT5 ATT4 ATT3 ATT2 ATT1 ATT0
Default 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

ATT7-0: Attenuation Level

ATT = 20 log10 (ATT_DATA / 255) [dB]
FFH : 0dB (Default)
00H : Mute

MS0336-E-00 2004/08
- 30 -
ASAHI KASEI [AK4396]

SYSTEM DESIGN

Figure 12, Figure 13 and Figure 14 show the system connection diagram. Figure 16 , Figure 17 and Figure 18 show the
analog output circuit examples. An evaluation board (AKD4396) is available which demonstrates the optimum layout,
power supply arrangements and measurement results.

Digital
Supply 3.3V

10u 0.1u
1 DVSS DZFR 28
+ DVDD CAD1
2 27

Master Clock 3 MCLK DZFL 26

Reset & Power down 4 PDN P/S 25

10u
0.1u +
64fs 5 BICK VCOM 24
AK4396
24bit Audio Data 6 SDATA AOUTL+ 23 Lch Lch
Lch Out
fs 7 LRCK AOUTL- 22 LPF Mute

8 CSN AOUTR+ 21 Rch Rch

Rch Out
LPF Mute
Micro- 9 CAD0 AOUTR- 20

controller 10 CCLK AVSS 19

0.1u 10u
+
11 CDTI AVDD 18

12 DIF0 VREFH 17
Analog
0.1u
+ Supply 5V
10u
13 DIF1 VREFL 16

14 DIF2 TTL 15

Digital Ground Analog Ground

Notes:
- Chip Address = “00”. LRCK = fs, BICK = 64fs.
- Power lines of AVDD and DVDD should be distributed separately from the point with low impedance of regulator
etc.
- AVSS and DVSS must be connected to the same analog ground plane.
- When AOUT drives some capacitive load, some resistor should be added in series between AOUT and
capacitive load.
- All input pins except pull-down/pull-up pins should not be left floating.

Figure 12. Typical Connection Diagram (AVDD=5V, DVDD=3.3V, Serial mode)

MS0336-E-00 2004/08
- 31 -
ASAHI KASEI [AK4396]

Digital
Supply 3.3V

10u 0.1u
1 DVSS ACKS 28
+
2 DVDD TST2 27

Master Clock 3 MCLK TST1 26

Reset & Power down 4 PDN P/S 25

10u
0.1u +
64fs 5 BICK VCOM 24
AK4396
24bit Audio Data 6 SDATA AOUTL+ 23 Lch
Lch Out
fs 7 LRCK AOUTL- 22 LPF

8 SMUTE AOUTR+ 21 Rch

Rch Out
LPF
9 DFS0 AOUTR- 20

10 DEM0 AVSS 19
Mode 0.1u
+ 10u
11 DEM1 AVDD 18
setting Analog
12 DIF0 VREFH 17 Supply 5V
+
0.1u 10u
13 DIF1 VREFL 16

14 DIF2 TTL 15

Digital Ground Analog Ground

Notes:
- BICK = 64fs, LRCK = fs.
- Power lines of AVDD and DVDD should be distributed separately from the point with low impedance of regulator
etc.
- AVSS and DVSS must be connected to the same analog ground plane.
- When AOUT drives some capacitive load, some resistor should be added in series between AOUT and
capacitive load.
- All input pins except pull-down/pull-up pins should not be left floating.

Figure 13. Typical Connection Diagram (AVDD = 5V, DVDD = 3.3V, Parallel mode, AK4393 compatible)

MS0336-E-00 2004/08
- 32 -
ASAHI KASEI [AK4396]

Digital
Supply 5.0V

10u 0.1u
1 DVSS DZFR 28
+ DVDD CAD1
2 27

Master Clock 3 MCLK DZFL 26

Reset & Power down 4 PDN P/S 25

10u
0.1u +
64fs 5 BICK VCOM 24
AK4396
24bit Audio Data 6 SDATA AOUTL+ 23 Lch Lch
Lch Out
fs 7 LRCK AOUTL- 22 LPF Mute

8 CSN AOUTR+ 21 Rch Rch

Rch Out
LPF Mute
Micro- 9 CAD0 AOUTR- 20

controller 10 CCLK AVSS 19

0.1u 10u
+
11 CDTI AVDD 18

12 DIF0 VREFH 17
Analog
0.1u
+ Supply 5V
10u
13 DIF1 VREFL 16

14 DIF2 TTL 15

Digital Ground Analog Ground

Notes:
- TTL pin (BVSS pin in case of AK4394/5) should be open.
- Chip Address = “00”, BICK = 64fs, LRCK = fs.
- Power lines of AVDD and DVDD should be distributed separately from the point with low impedance of regulator
etc.
- AVSS and DVSS must be connected to the same analog ground plane.
- When AOUT drives some capacitive load, some resistor should be added in series between AOUT and
capacitive load.
- All input pins except pull-down/pull-up pins should not be left floating.

Figure 14. Typical Connection Diagram (AVDD=5V, DVDD=5V, Serial mode, AK4394/5 compatible)

Digital Ground Analog Ground

1 DVSS DZFR 28

2 DVDD CAD1 27

3 MCLK DZFL 26

4 PDN P/S 25

System 5 BICK VCOM 24

AK4396
6 SDATA AOUTL+ 23
Controller 7 LRCK AOUTL- 22

8 CSN AOUTR+ 21

9 CAD0 AOUTR- 20

10 CCLK AVSS 19

11 CDTI AVDD 18

12 DIF0 VREFH 17

13 DIF1 VREFR 16

14 DIF2 TTL 15

Figure 15. Ground Layout

MS0336-E-00 2004/08
- 33 -
ASAHI KASEI [AK4396]

1. Grounding and Power Supply Decoupling

To minimize coupling by digital noise, decoupling capacitors should be connected to AVDD and DVDD, respectively.
AVDD is supplied from analog supply in system and DVDD is supplied from digital supply in system. Power lines of
AVDD and DVDD should be distributed separately from the point with low impedance of regulator etc. The power up
sequence between AVDD and DVDD is not critical. AVSS and DVSS must be connected to analog ground
plane. Decoupling capacitors for high frequency should be placed as near as possible.

2. Voltage Reference

The differential Voltage between VREFH and VREFL set the analog output range. VREFH pin is normally connected to
AVDD and VREFL pin is normally connected to AVSS. VREFH and VREFL should be connected with a 0.1µF ceramic
capacitor. VCOM is a signal ground of this chip. An electrolytic capacitor 10µF parallel with a 0.1µF ceramic capacitor
attached to VCOM pin eliminates the effects of high frequency noise. No load current may be drawn from VCOM pin. All
signals, especially clocks, should be kept away from the VREFH, VREFL and VCOM pins in order to avoid unwanted
coupling into the AK4396.

3. Analog Outputs

The analog outputs are full differential outputs and 2.8Vpp (typ, VREFH − VREFL = 5V) centered around VCOM. The
differential outputs are summed externally, VAOUT = (AOUT+) − (AOUT−) between AOUT+ and AOUT−. If the
summing gain is 1, the output range is 5.6Vpp (typ, VREFH − VREFL = 5V). The bias voltage of the external summing
circuit is supplied externally. The input data format is 2's complement. The output voltage (VAOUT) is a positive full scale
for 7FFFFFH (@24bit) and a negative full scale for 800000H (@24bit). The ideal VAOUT is 0V for 000000H(@24bit).

The internal switched-capacitor filters attenuate the noise generated by the delta-sigma modulator beyond the audio
passband. Figure 16 shows an example of external LPF circuit summing the differential outputs by an op-amp.
Figure 17 shows an example of differential outputs and LPF circuit example by three op-amps.

AK4396

2.4k 2.4k
AOUT-
150 680p
+Vop
3.3n
2.4k 150 Analog
AOUT+ Out

2.4k 680p -Vop

Figure 16. External LPF Circuit Example 1 for PCM (fc = 125kHz, Q=0.692)

Frequency Response Gain

20kHz −0.012dB
40kHz −0.083dB
80kHz −0.799dB
Table 15. Filter Response of External LPF Circuit Example 1 for PCM

MS0336-E-00 2004/08
- 34 -
ASAHI KASEI [AK4396]

+15
3.3n
-15
+
10u
100u 180 0.1u
3 7
AOUTL- + 6
2 +
330 3.9n -
4
0.1u +10u
10k

NJM5534D +
10u 560
0.1u
680 1.0n
1.2k
100
620 2 - 4
6
+ Lch
3 7
620 1.0n NJM5534D

560
3.3n
+
10u
100u 180 0.1u
+ 3 7
AOUTL+ + 6
2 - +
330 3.9n 4 0.1u 10u
10k

NJM5534D +
10u
0.1u
680
1.2k

Figure 17. External LPF Circuit Example 2 for PCM

1st Stage 2nd Stage Total

Cut-off Frequency 182kHz 284kHz -
Q 0.637 - -
Gain +3.9dB -0.88dB +3.02dB
20kHz -0.025 -0.021 -0.046dB
Frequency
40kHz -0.106 -0.085 -0.191dB
Response
80kHz -0.517 -0.331 -0.848dB
Table 16. Filter Response of External LPF Circuit Example 2 for PCM

MS0336-E-00 2004/08
- 35 -
ASAHI KASEI [AK4396]

It is recommended by SACD format book (Scarlet Book) that the filter response at SACD playback is an analog low pass
filter with a cut-off frequency of maximum 50kHz and a slope of minimum 30dB/Oct. The AK4396 can achieve this filter
response by combination of the internal filter (Table 17) and an external filter (Figure 18).

Frequency Gain
20kHz −0.4dB
50kHz −2.8dB
100kHz −15.5dB
Table 17. Internal Filter Response at DSD mode

2.0k 1.8k 4.3k

AOUT-
1.0k 270p
2.8Vpp
2200p +Vop
3300p
-
2.0k 1.8k 1.0k Analog
AOUT+ + Out 6.34Vpp

4.3k 270p -Vop

2.8Vpp

Figure 18. External 3rd order LPF Circuit Example for DSD

Frequency Gain
20kHz −0.05dB
50kHz −0.51dB
100kHz −16.8dB
DC gain = 1.07dB
Table 18. 3rd order LPF (Figure 18) Response

MS0336-E-00 2004/08
- 36 -
ASAHI KASEI [AK4396]

PACKAGE

28pin VSOP (Unit: mm )

*9.8±0.2 1.25±0.2
0.675
28
15

*5.6±0.2

7.6±0.2
1 14
+0.1
0.22±0.1 0.65 0.15-0.05

0.1±0.1
Detail A

0.5±0.2
Seating Plane | 0.10

NOTE: Dimension "*" does not include mold flash. 0-10°

„ Material & Lead finish

Package molding compound: Epoxy

Lead frame material: Cu
Lead frame surface treatment: Solder (Pb free) plate

MS0336-E-00 2004/08
- 37 -
ASAHI KASEI [AK4396]

MARKING

AKM
AK4396VF
XXXBYYYYC

XXXXBYYYYC: Date code identifier

XXXB: Lot number (X : Digit number, B : Alpha character )

YYYYC: Assembly date (Y : Digit number C : Alpha character)

Revision History

Date (YY/MM/DD) Revision Reason Page Contents

04/08/31 00 First Edition

IMPORTANT NOTICE

• These products and their specifications are subject to change without notice. Before considering
any use or application, consult the Asahi Kasei Microsystems Co., Ltd. (AKM) sales office or
authorized distributor concerning their current status.
• AKM assumes no liability for infringement of any patent, intellectual property, or other right in the
application or use of any information contained herein.
• Any export of these products, or devices or systems containing them, may require an export license
or other official approval under the law and regulations of the country of export pertaining to customs
and tariffs, currency exchange, or strategic materials.
• AKM products are neither intended nor authorized for use as critical components in any safety, life
support, or other hazard related device or system, and AKM assumes no responsibility relating to
any such use, except with the express written consent of the Representative Director of AKM. As
used here:
(a) A hazard related device or system is one designed or intended for life support or maintenance of
safety or for applications in medicine, aerospace, nuclear energy, or other fields, in which its
failure to function or perform may reasonably be expected to result in loss of life or in significant
injury or damage to person or property.
(b) A critical component is one whose failure to function or perform may reasonably be expected to
result, whether directly or indirectly, in the loss of the safety or effectiveness of the device or
system containing it, and which must therefore meet very high standards of performance and
reliability.
• It is the responsibility of the buyer or distributor of an AKM product who distributes, disposes of, or
otherwise places the product with a third party to notify that party in advance of the above content
and conditions, and the buyer or distributor agrees to assume any and all responsibility and liability
for and hold AKM harmless from any and all claims arising from the use of said product in the
absence of such notification.

MS0336-E-00 2004/08
- 38 -