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15 HUM 5.6: Sociology and Building Economics: Balaji Venkatachary

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Introduction

15 HUM 5.6: Sociology and Building Economics

Balaji Venkatachary

MSA, Mysuru

July 30, 2019


Outline

1 Scheme

2 Objective

3 Syllabus

4 References

Balaji Venkatachary (MSA, Mysuru) Introduction July 30, 2019 2 / 12


Scheme

CONTACT PERIODS: 3 (Lecture) per week

THEORY MARKS: 100

PROGRESSIVE MARKS: 50

DURATION OF EXAM: 3 Hrs

CREDITS: 3

MINIMUM MARKS FOR PASSING:


Progressive Marks 50%,
End semester Theory examination marks 40%

Balaji Venkatachary (MSA, Mysuru) Introduction July 30, 2019 3 / 12


Scheme

CONTACT PERIODS: 3 (Lecture) per week

THEORY MARKS: 100

PROGRESSIVE MARKS: 50

DURATION OF EXAM: 3 Hrs

CREDITS: 3

MINIMUM MARKS FOR PASSING:


Progressive Marks 50%,
End semester Theory examination marks 40%

Balaji Venkatachary (MSA, Mysuru) Introduction July 30, 2019 3 / 12


Scheme

CONTACT PERIODS: 3 (Lecture) per week

THEORY MARKS: 100

PROGRESSIVE MARKS: 50

DURATION OF EXAM: 3 Hrs

CREDITS: 3

MINIMUM MARKS FOR PASSING:


Progressive Marks 50%,
End semester Theory examination marks 40%

Balaji Venkatachary (MSA, Mysuru) Introduction July 30, 2019 3 / 12


Scheme

CONTACT PERIODS: 3 (Lecture) per week

THEORY MARKS: 100

PROGRESSIVE MARKS: 50

DURATION OF EXAM: 3 Hrs

CREDITS: 3

MINIMUM MARKS FOR PASSING:


Progressive Marks 50%,
End semester Theory examination marks 40%

Balaji Venkatachary (MSA, Mysuru) Introduction July 30, 2019 3 / 12


Scheme

CONTACT PERIODS: 3 (Lecture) per week

THEORY MARKS: 100

PROGRESSIVE MARKS: 50

DURATION OF EXAM: 3 Hrs

CREDITS: 3

MINIMUM MARKS FOR PASSING:


Progressive Marks 50%,
End semester Theory examination marks 40%

Balaji Venkatachary (MSA, Mysuru) Introduction July 30, 2019 3 / 12


Scheme

CONTACT PERIODS: 3 (Lecture) per week

THEORY MARKS: 100

PROGRESSIVE MARKS: 50

DURATION OF EXAM: 3 Hrs

CREDITS: 3

MINIMUM MARKS FOR PASSING:


Progressive Marks 50%,
End semester Theory examination marks 40%

Balaji Venkatachary (MSA, Mysuru) Introduction July 30, 2019 3 / 12


Objective

To familiarize students with the basic concepts of sociology and economics and
their influence on architecture.

Balaji Venkatachary (MSA, Mysuru) Introduction July 30, 2019 4 / 12


Syllabus: Module 1

1 Introduction to Sociology: Definition of Sociology; Nature, Scope and


Utility of Sociology; Branches of Sociology; Relation of Sociology and its
branches to architecture and the built environment.

2 Elements of Society: Biosocial and Sociocultural associations; Definitions


of sociological terms: society, community, family, culture; Difference between
society and community; Different family structures and
architectural responses to different family types in and outside India
(examination of different housing typologies responding to different family
types – traditional and contemporary); Relation between culture and built
form (exploration of architectural examples).

Balaji Venkatachary (MSA, Mysuru) Introduction July 30, 2019 5 / 12


Syllabus: Module 1

1 Introduction to Sociology: Definition of Sociology; Nature, Scope and


Utility of Sociology; Branches of Sociology; Relation of Sociology and its
branches to architecture and the built environment.

2 Elements of Society: Biosocial and Sociocultural associations; Definitions


of sociological terms: society, community, family, culture; Difference between
society and community; Different family structures and
architectural responses to different family types in and outside India
(examination of different housing typologies responding to different family
types – traditional and contemporary); Relation between culture and built
form (exploration of architectural examples).

Balaji Venkatachary (MSA, Mysuru) Introduction July 30, 2019 5 / 12


Syllabus: Module 2

3 Communities: Origin, growth and nature of settlements and communities.


Their characteristics and spatial patterns.

4 Urban and Rural Communities: Definitions of the terms “urban” and


“rural”. The social, economic and spatial characteristics associated with
urban and rural settlements. Relation and interdependencies between urban
and rural settlements. Urban sociology and rural sociology.

Balaji Venkatachary (MSA, Mysuru) Introduction July 30, 2019 6 / 12


Syllabus: Module 2

3 Communities: Origin, growth and nature of settlements and communities.


Their characteristics and spatial patterns.

4 Urban and Rural Communities: Definitions of the terms “urban” and


“rural”. The social, economic and spatial characteristics associated with
urban and rural settlements. Relation and interdependencies between urban
and rural settlements. Urban sociology and rural sociology.

Balaji Venkatachary (MSA, Mysuru) Introduction July 30, 2019 6 / 12


Syllabus: Module 2

5 Cities and Society: Urbanization – definition; causes. Effects of


urbanization on rural areas. Impact of growing urbanization on urban life,
viz. health, housing, transportation. Different types of migration. The
impact of migration on urban form. The origin and characteristics of slums in
European, American and Indian cities. Official definition of slums as per
Census of India. Governmental and non-governmental approaches to
engaging with issues regarding slums in Indian cities.

Balaji Venkatachary (MSA, Mysuru) Introduction July 30, 2019 7 / 12


Syllabus: Module 2

6 Social Research: The need for research; the research process; ethics of
social research; scope of social research. Difference between methodology
and methods. Types of research methods: qualitative, quantitative, mixed
research methods. Sources of research data: primary and secondary sources.
Secondary data sources include literature review, official and unofficial
documents. Primary data sources use methods such as field surveys,
questionnaires, different types of interviews (open-ended / closed /
structured / semi-structured), and case study approach.

Balaji Venkatachary (MSA, Mysuru) Introduction July 30, 2019 8 / 12


Syllabus: Module 3

7 Economics: Definition of economics; Definitions of terms: Goods; Utility,


Value, Price and Wealth. The relationship of economics with the
built environment and land use.

8 Economic organization of society: Different economic systems: capitalism;


socialism, communism, mixed-economies. Primary, secondary and tertiary
sectors of economy: agriculture, mining, manufacturing, banking, marketing,
transport and service sectors. Factors of production: land, labour, capital and
entrepreneurship. Relevance of factors of production to architecture and
construction practice.

Balaji Venkatachary (MSA, Mysuru) Introduction July 30, 2019 9 / 12


Syllabus: Module 3

7 Economics: Definition of economics; Definitions of terms: Goods; Utility,


Value, Price and Wealth. The relationship of economics with the
built environment and land use.

8 Economic organization of society: Different economic systems: capitalism;


socialism, communism, mixed-economies. Primary, secondary and tertiary
sectors of economy: agriculture, mining, manufacturing, banking, marketing,
transport and service sectors. Factors of production: land, labour, capital and
entrepreneurship. Relevance of factors of production to architecture and
construction practice.

Balaji Venkatachary (MSA, Mysuru) Introduction July 30, 2019 9 / 12


Syllabus: Module 4

9 Economics and the market: Consumption, wants and needs and their
characteristics. Concepts of economics: Opportunity cost; Laws of
supply and demand; Laws of increasing, diminishing and constant returns;
Standard of living. Analysis of the housing market in Indian cities to
understand the dynamics of urban housing supply and demand.

Balaji Venkatachary (MSA, Mysuru) Introduction July 30, 2019 10 / 12


Syllabus: Module 5

10 Urban land values: Various factors affecting the value of urban land.
Difference between land use and land cover. The characteristics of developed
land in the city. The Bid Rent theory that defines relationship between
location and land value. Theoretical city models based on land use and land
value – Burgess’s Concentric Zone Theory; Hoyt’s Sector Theory; Ullman and
Harris’s Multiple Nuclei Theory.

11 Building Costs: Cost and cost indices. Life cycle costs. Total cost of
construction. Time value of money. Different sources of financing buildings.

Balaji Venkatachary (MSA, Mysuru) Introduction July 30, 2019 11 / 12


Syllabus: Module 5

10 Urban land values: Various factors affecting the value of urban land.
Difference between land use and land cover. The characteristics of developed
land in the city. The Bid Rent theory that defines relationship between
location and land value. Theoretical city models based on land use and land
value – Burgess’s Concentric Zone Theory; Hoyt’s Sector Theory; Ullman and
Harris’s Multiple Nuclei Theory.

11 Building Costs: Cost and cost indices. Life cycle costs. Total cost of
construction. Time value of money. Different sources of financing buildings.

Balaji Venkatachary (MSA, Mysuru) Introduction July 30, 2019 11 / 12


References

1 Openstax College (2012) Introduction to Sociology. Openstax College.


2 Samuelson, P. and Nordhaus, W. (2010) Economics. Mcgraw-Hill Education.
3 Yin, Robert K. (2014) Case Study Research Design and Methods (5th Ed.).
Thousand Oaks, CA:Sage.
4 Groat, Linda N. and David Wang (2013) Architectural Research Methods
(2nd Ed.). John Wiley & Sons.
5 Jones, Paul (2011). The Sociology of Architecture: Constructing Identities.
Liverpool University Press.
6 Mann, Thorbjoern (1992) Building Economics for Architects. Wiley.

Balaji Venkatachary (MSA, Mysuru) Introduction July 30, 2019 12 / 12

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