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Electrical Shop Drawings
@ãÌá‘mÎ@ãÿí
ﺃﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﺑﺨﺎﻟﺺ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﺮ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺎﻋﺪ ﻓﻲ ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻭﺃﺧﺺ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻜﺮ ﺯﻭﺟﺘﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺿﻠﺔ ﻭ
ﺯﻣﻼﺋﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﺳﺎﻋﺪﻭﻧﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺘﻪ ﻭﻫﻢ:
ﺃﺳﺄﻝ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻲ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻔﻴﺪﻛﻢ ﺑﻬﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻭﺃﺭﺟﻮ ﺇﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﺃﻱ ﺍﻗﺘﺮﺍﺣﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﻷﻱ ﺃﺧﻄﺎء ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ
ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻹﻳﻤﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ Mahmoud18MA@Yahoo.Com
ﺃﺳﺄﻟﻜﻢ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎء
@´‡@áÌçÓ€a@Ïic@ᇴ@ÜÏ
@ZpbÌÏn0a
ﺧﻄﻮﺍﺕ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻟـ )14 ................................ (Lighting & Power
-3ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻹﻧﺸﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﻨﻲ 14 ............................
-3ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻹﻧﺸﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﻨﻲ 44 ............................
AutoCAD Üb◊Ïmβa
ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺍﻷﻭﺗﻮﻛﺎﺩ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﻢ ﺑﺮﺍﻣﺞ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺼﺎﻣﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ
-1ﻋﻦ ﻁﺮﻳﻖ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺷﺮﻳﻂ ﺍﻷﻭﺍﻣﺮ )ﺃﻓﻀﻞ ﻭﺃﺳﺮﻉ ﻁﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﺳﺄﺭﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ
ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ(
ﺑﻌﺪ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺃﻱ ﺃﻣﺮ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻧﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ Enterﺃﻭ Spaceﻣﺴﻄﺮﺓ ﻣﻦ ﻟﻮﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺎﺗﻴﺢ
ﺍﺿﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ F8ﻟﻠﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ Orthoﻭﻫﻮ ﻟﺠﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻮﻁ ﺃﻓﻘﻴﺔ ﻭﺭﺃﺳﻴﺔ )ﺍﺿﻐﻂ ﻣﺮﺓ ﺃﺧﺮﻱ
ﻹﻟﻐﺎﺅﻩ(
ﺍﺿﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ F3ﻟﻠﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ O-Snapﻭﻫﻮ ﻟﺘﺴﻬﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﻟﻨﻘﺎﻁ ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﻣﺜﻞ
ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ ﺍﻟﺨﻂ )ﺍﺿﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ F3ﻣﺮﺓ ﺃﺧﺮﻱ ﻹﻟﻐﺎﺅﻩ(
)ﻳﻔﻀﻞ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺃﻣﺮ OSﺛﻢ ﻧﻀﻐﻂ ﻉ Select Allﺛﻢ Okﻟﺘﺴﻬﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﻁ(
ﺍﺿﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ F2ﻟﺘﻜﺒﻴﺮ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﺍﻣﺮ ﻟﻤﺮﺍﺟﻌﺔ ﺃﻱ ﺃﻣﺮ ﺳﺎﺑﻖ ﺃﻭ ﺇﻅﻬﺎﺭ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺠﻪ )ﻣﺜﻞ ﺃﻣﺮ (LI
ﺃﻭﺍﻣﺮ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ:
ﺍﻛﺘﺐ Lﺛﻢ Spaceﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺃﻭﻝ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺎﻭﺱ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻛﺘﺐ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﻁﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺨﻂ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺏ
ﺛﻢ ) Spaceﻳﻔﻀﻞ ﺟﻌﻞ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟـ Orthoﻓﻌﺎﻻ ﺑﺎﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ F8ﻟﻠﺨﻄﻮﻁ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ(
ﺍﻛﺘﺐ PLﺛﻢ Spaceﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺃﻭﻝ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺎﻭﺱ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻛﺘﺐ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﻁﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺨﻂ
ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺛﻢ ) Spaceﺍﻟﻔﺮﻕ ﺑﻴﻨﻪ ﻭﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟـ Lineﺍﻧﻪ ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻨﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺳﻢ ﺧﻂ ﻣﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺪﺓ ﺧﻄﻮﻁ ﻣﺘﺼﻠﺔ(
ﺍﻛﺘﺐ RECﺛﻢ Spaceﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺃﻭﻝ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺎﻭﺱ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻛﺘﺐ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺽ
ﻋﻦ ﻁﺮﻳﻖ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ )ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻝ,ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺽ@( ﺛﻢ Space
ﺍﻛﺘﺐ Aﺛﻢ Spaceﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺃﻭﻝ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺎﻭﺱ )ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺩ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻗﻮﺱ
ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ( ﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻷﺧﻴﺮﺓ
ﺍﻛﺘﺐ Cﺛﻢ Spaceﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺛﻢ ﺍﻛﺘﺐ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﻧﺼﻒ ﻗﻄﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ ﺛﻢ Space
ﺍﻛﺘﺐ Hﺛﻢ Spaceﺳﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﺘﻈﻠﻴﻞ Patternﻭﺧﺼﺎﺋﺼﻪ ﺛﻢ ﻧﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ Add
Selected Objectﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﻠﻲ ﻳﻤﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺗﻈﻠﻴﻠﻪ ﺛﻢ Ok
ﺍﻛﺘﺐ Tﺛﻢ Spaceﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺑﺎﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻧﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ ﺛﻢ ﺍﻛﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ )ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻨﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺣﺠﻢ
ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺿﻐﻄﻨﺎ Enterﻧﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﻟﻠﺴﻄﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ( ﺛﻢ Ok
ﺍﻛﺘﺐ DTﺛﻢ Spaceﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺛﻢ ﺍﻛﺘﺐ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺛﻢ Spaceﺛﻢ ﺍﻛﺘﺐ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺛﻢ
Spaceﺛﻢ ﺍﻛﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ ﺛﻢ Enterﺛﻢ Enter
RevCloud
ﻧﺮﺳﻢ ﻣﺴﺘﻄﻴﻞ ﺣﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪ ﺛﻢ ﺍﻛﺘﺐ Revcloudﺛﻢ Spaceﺛﻢ Oﺛﻢ Spaceﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻄﻴﻞ
ﺛﻢ Spaceﺛﻢ Space
ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻠﻪ ﻟﺒﻠﻮﻙ ﺛﻢ ﺍﻛﺘﺐ Bﺛﻢ Spaceﺛﻢ ﺍﻛﺘﺐ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻮﻙ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ﺛﻢ ﻧﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ
Pick Pointﺛﻢ ﻧﺤﺪﺩ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻭﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻮﻙ ﺛﻢ Ok
ﺍﻛﺘﺐ Iﺛﻢ Spaceﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻮﻙ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ﺛﻢ Okﺛﻢ ﻧﺤﺪﺩ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻭﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻮﻙ
ﺃﻭﺍﻣﺮ ﺍﻷﺑﻌﺎﺩ:
ﺍﻛﺘﺐ DimLinearﺛﻢ Spaceﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺃﻭﻝ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺎﻭﺱ ﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺪ
ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﻗﻴﺎﺳﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻛﺘﺐ ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻪ ﺛﻢ ) Spaceﻳﻔﻀﻞ ﺟﻌﻞ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟـ Orthoﻓﻌﺎﻻ ﺑﺎﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ
F8ﻟﻸﺑﻌﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ(
ﺍﻛﺘﺐ DimAlignedﺛﻢ Spaceﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺃﻭﻝ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺎﻭﺱ ﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺪ
ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﻗﻴﺎﺳﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻛﺘﺐ ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻪ ﺛﻢ Space
ﺍﻛﺘﺐ MLDﺛﻢ Spaceﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﺭ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﻭﺭﺓ ﺛﻢ ﺍﻛﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ
ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ )ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻨﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺿﻐﻄﻨﺎ Enterﻧﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﻟﻠﺴﻄﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ( ﺛﻢ Ok
ﺃﻭﺍﻣﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺦ:
ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺩ ﻧﺴﺨﻬﺎ ﺛﻢ ﺍﻛﺘﺐ COﺛﻢ Spaceﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺦ ﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪ
ﻟﻠﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻟﻨﺴﺨﻬﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ )ﺃﻭ ﺍﻛﺘﺐ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ( ﺛﻢ Space
ﻧﺴﺦ Ctrl+C
ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺩ ﻧﺴﺨﻬﺎ ﺛﻢ ﻧﻀﻐﻂ Ctrl+Shift+Cﺛﻢ ﻧﺤﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻧﻨﺴﺦ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ
ﻟﺼﻖ Ctrl+V
ﺍﻛﺘﺐ PAﺛﻢ Spaceﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ Paste Linkﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ﺛﻢ ) Okﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻪ ﻟﺮﺑﻂ ﻣﻠﻒ ﺍﻟـ Excelﻣﻊ
ﺍﻷﻭﺗﻮﻛﺎﺩ(
ﺃﻭﺍﻣﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﻳﻞ:
ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺩ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻜﻬﺎ ﺛﻢ ﺍﻛﺘﺐ Mﺛﻢ Spaceﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﻚ ﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪ
ﻟﻠﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﻜﻬﺎ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻛﺘﺐ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻜﻬﺎ ﺛﻢ Space
ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺩ ﺗﺪﻭﻳﺮﻫﺎ ﺛﻢ ﺍﻛﺘﺐ ROﺛﻢ Spaceﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺛﻢ ﺍﻛﺘﺐ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﺔ
ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺛﻢ Space
ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺛﻢ ﺍﻛﺘﺐ MIﺛﻢ Spaceﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺧﻂ ﺍﻻﻧﻌﻜﺎﺱ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻲ ﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺛﻢ ﺍﻛﺘﺐ
Yﺛﻢ Space
ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺩ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺣﺠﻤﻬﺎ ﺛﻢ ﺍﻛﺘﺐ SCﺛﻢ Spaceﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺛﻢ ﺍﻛﺘﺐ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﻴﻴﺮ
Scale Factorﺛﻢ Space
ﺍﻛﺘﺐ Sﺛﻢ Spaceﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺃﻭ ﺟﺰء ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺛﻢ Spaceﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺪﻳﺪ ﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ
ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺎﻭﺱ )ﺃﻭ ﺍﻛﺘﺐ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺪﻳﺪ( ﺛﻢ Space
ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺩ ﺗﻔﺠﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻓﻜﻬﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮﻫﺎ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﺛﻢ ﺍﻛﺘﺐ Xﺛﻢ Space
)ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﻳُﻄﺒﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟـ Plineﻭﻳﻔﻜﻪ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺧﻄﻮﻁ (Line
)Fillet (F
ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻅﺔ ﺃﻭﻝ ﻣﺮﺓ ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺃﻣﺮ Filletﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭ ﻧﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻧﺼﻒ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺮ ﻣﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻋﻦ ﻁﺮﻳﻖ
ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ Fﺛﻢ Rﺛﻢ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﻧﺼﻒ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺮ ﺛﻢ Spaceﺛﻢ Space
ﺍﻛﺘﺐ TRﺛﻢ Spaceﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﺨﻂ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺳﻨﻘﻄﻊ ﻋﻨﺪﻩ ﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻮﻁ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺩ ﻗﻄﻌﻬﺎ
ﺃﻭ ﺍﻛﺘﺐ TRﺛﻢ Spaceﺛﻢ Spaceﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻮﻁ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺩ ﻗﻄﻌﻬﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻗﺮﺏ ﺧﻂ
ﺍﻛﺘﺐ EXﺛﻢ Spaceﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﺨﻂ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺳﻨﻤﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻮﻁ ﻟﻪ ﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻮﻁ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺩ ﺗﻤﺪﻳﺪﻫﺎ
ﺃﻭ ﺍﻛﺘﺐ EXﺛﻢ Spaceﺛﻢ Spaceﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻮﻁ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺩ ﺗﻤﺪﻳﺪﻫﺎ ﺇﻟﻲ ﺍﻗﺮﺏ ﺧﻂ
-ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ ﺃﻣﺮ Trimﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺑﻴﻨﻪ ﻭﺑﻴﻦ ﺃﻣﺮ Extendﺑﺎﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ Shiftﻭﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻮﻁ
ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻜﺲ
ﺍﻛﺘﺐ BRﺛﻢ Spaceﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺃﻭﻝ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺨﻂ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺩ ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ
ﺍﻛﺘﺐ DIVﺛﻢ Spaceﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﺨﻂ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺩ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻤﻪ ﺛﻢ ﺍﻛﺘﺐ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ ﺛﻢ Space
ﻳﻔﻀﻞ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻹﻅﻬﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﻭﻳﺘﻢ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺑﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺃﻣﺮ DDPTYPEﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ
ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻟﻠﻨﻘﻄﺔ
ﺍﻛﺘﺐ Oﺛﻢ Spaceﺛﻢ ﺍﻛﺘﺐ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺪ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﻂ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﺨﻂ ﺛﻢ ﻧﻀﻐﻂ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺎﻭﺱ ﻓﻲ
ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺩ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻮﺍﺯﻱ ﻟﻠﺨﻂ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ
ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺩ ﻣﺤﺎﺫﺍﺗﻪ ﺛﻢ ﺍﻛﺘﺐ ALﺛﻢ Spaceﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺎﻭﺱ ﺃﻭﻝ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ ﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ
ﻣﺎ ﻳﻘﺎﺑﻠﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺨﻂ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺳﻨﺤﺎﺫﻱ ﻟﻪ ﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺛﺎﻧﻲ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ ﻭﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻘﺎﺑﻠﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺨﻂ ﺛﻢ
Spaceﺛﻢ Space
Eng. Mahmoud Abo El-Yazed Page 8
Electrical Shop Drawings
ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻲ ﺛﻢ ﺍﻛﺘﺐ MAﺛﻢ Spaceﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺳﻨﻨﺴﺦ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ
ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻲ ﺛﻢ Space
ﺍﻛﺘﺐ TORﺛﻢ Spaceﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻠﻮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺑﻬﺎ Attributesﺛﻢ Spaceﺛﻢ ﺍﻛﺘﺐ ﺭﻗﻢ
ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ ﺛﻢ Space
ﺃﻭﺍﻣﺮ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺑﺎﺕ:
ﺍﻛﺘﺐ DIﺛﻢ Spaceﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺃﻭﻝ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺨﻂ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺩ ﻗﻴﺎﺳﻪ ﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ
ﺍﻛﺘﺐ BOﺛﻢ Spaceﺛﻢ Okﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺑﺪﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻓﺔ ﺛﻢ Space
ﺃﻭﺍﻣﺮ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ:
ﺍﻛﺘﺐ PUﺛﻢ Spaceﺛﻢ ﻧﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ Purge Allﺛﻢ ﻧﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ Purge All Item
ﺍﻛﺘﺐ UCSﺛﻢ Spaceﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﻧﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ ﻟﻴﻤﺮ ﺑﻬﻤﺎ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ Xﺍﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪ ﺛﻢ Space
ﻟﻠﺮﺟﻮﻉ ﻟﻠﻤﺤﺎﻭﺭ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻣﺮﺓ ﺃﺧﺮﻱ ﺍﻛﺘﺐ UCSﺛﻢ Spaceﺛﻢ Wﺛﻢ Space
ﺍﻛﺘﺐ XRﺛﻢ Spaceﺛﻢ ﻧﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ ﺍﻟـ Xrefﻣﻦ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﻭﺣﺬﻑ ﻭﻋﻤﻞ Bind
ﺗﻤﻜﻨﻨﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺼﻒ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻧﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ )ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻷﻭﺍﻣﺮ(
)Undo (U
OOPS
AutoLISP@kèÓ€Ïmβa
ﻫﻲ ﺍﺣﺪﻱ ﻟﻐﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻣﺠﺔ ﺻﻤﻤﺖ ﻟﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺍﻷﻭﺗﻮﻛﺎﺩ ﻟﺘﻮﻓﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻬﺪ
ﺍﻣﺘﺪﺍﺩ ﻣﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﻟﻐﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﺗﻮﻟﻴﺴﺐ ﻫﻲ ) (.vlx - .fas - .lspﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻟﻐﺎﺕ ﺑﺮﻣﺠﺔ ﺃﺧﺮﻱ ﺗﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺍﻷﻭﺗﻮﻛﺎﺩ ﻭﺍﻣﺘﺪﺍﺩ ﻣﻠﻔﺎﺗﻬﺎ ﻫﻲ ) (.dbx - .arx - .dvbﻭﻳﺘﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ Loadﻟﻬﻢ ﺑﻨﻔﺲ
ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ
ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ ﺗﻨﺰﻳﻞ ﻟﻴﺴﺒﺎﺕ ﻣﺠﻤﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﺗﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻭﺗﻮﻛﺎﺩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻂ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ
https://payazed.wordpress.com/2015/03/09/payazed-menu
ﻫﻲ ﺭﺳﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺗﻮﺿﺢ ﻭﺗﺤﺎﻛﻲ ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﻭ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬﻫﺎ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺮﺍﻋﺎﺓ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ
ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺑﻌﺎﺩ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ )ﻛﺸﺎﻑ – ﺑﺮﻳﺰﺓ – ﻣﺨﺮﺝ ...ﺍﻟﺦ( ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻛﻠﻪ ﻁﺒﻘﺎ
ﻟﻠﻤﻮﺍﺻﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺸﺎﺭﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﻟﻮﺟﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺘﻤﺪﺓ ﻟﻠﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ.
ﻳﺘﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬﻳﺔ ﺑﻨﺎءﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺘﻬﺎ ﺟﻴﺪﺍ.
ﻗﻢ ﺑﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺻﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻗﺪﻣﻬﺎ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺸﺎﺭﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﻣﺔ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻧﻮﻉ
ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻭﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺯﻝ ..ﻭﻫﻜﺬﺍ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﻟﻮﺟﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻢ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﻤﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﻋﺘﻤﺪﻫﺎ
ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺸﺎﺭﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺑﻌﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ﻟﻴﺘﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬﻳﺔ ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ
ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﻴﺎﺕ.
ﻗﻢ ﺑﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﺟﻴﺪﺍ ﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺃﻣﺎﻛﻦ ﻏﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﺩﻭﺭ ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺻﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء
ﻓﻲ ﻓﺘﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻘﻒ ) (Shaftsﻭﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺍﻗﺮﺏ ﻁﺮﻗﺎﺕ ) (Corridorsﻟﻬﺎ ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺃﻓﻀﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻟﻠﻮﺣﺎﺕ
ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء )ﺳﻴﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤﻬﺎ ﻻﺣﻘﺎ(.
ﻗﻢ ﺑﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻹﻧﺸﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺃﻣﺎﻛﻦ ﺍﻷﺑﻮﺍﺏ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺍﻓﺬ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻮﺍﺋﻂ ﺍﻟﺰﺟﺎﺟﻴﺔ ﻭ
ﺍﻟـ Trenchesﻓﻲ ﻏﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء ﺑﺎﻟﺪﻭﺭ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻲ )ﺇﻥ ﻭﺟﺪﺕ( ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺎﺕ ).(Shafts
ﻭﺃﻫﻢ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺘﻪ ﺟﻴﺪﺍ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﻟﻠﺴﻘﻒ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻗﻂ ) (False Ceilingﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻁﺮﻳﻘﺔ
ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﻛﺸﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﺿﺎءﺓ ﻭﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺳﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻭﻁﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺑﻬﺎ ﺳﻘﻒ
ﺳﺎﻗﻂ.
ﻭﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﺮﺳﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻴﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺘﻬﺎ ﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺃﻣﺎﻛﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻴﻴﻒ ﻭ ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ
ﺗﺤﺘﺎﺝ ﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳﺔ ﻛﻬﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ:
(FCU (Fan Coil Unit) + EF (Exhaust Fan) + SF (Smoke Fan) + AHU (Air
)Handling Unit) + Pumps + Valves + Split Units
ﻳﺠﺐ ﻭﺿﻊ ﻣﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬﻱ ) (Final Revisionﻟﻜﻲ ﻧﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻓﻮﻗﻪ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻳﺘﻢ
ﺑﺈﺣﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺘﻴﻦ )ﺣﺴﺐ ﻁﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ(:
-1ﻁﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟـ :Blockﺍﻓﺘﺢ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺴﺦ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭ ﻋﻦ ﻁﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﻠﻪ
ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺎﻭﺱ ﺛﻢ ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ Ctrl+Shift+Cﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ )ﺃﻭ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟـ 0,0ﻋﻦ ﻁﺮﻳﻖ
ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ 0,0ﻓﻲ ﺳﻄﺮ ﺍﻷﻭﺍﻣﺮ ﺑﺎﻷﻭﺗﻮﻛﺎﺩ ﺛﻢ (Enterﻣﻊ ﺟﻌﻞ ﻭﺿﻊ ﺍﻟـ UCSﻳﻜﻮﻥ Worldﻋﻦ
ﻁﺮﻳﻖ ﺃﻣﺮ UCSﺛﻢ Wﺛﻢ Enter
ﺛﻢ ﺍﺫﻫﺐ ﻟﻤﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻭﻗﻢ ﺑﻌﻤﻞ ﻟﺼﻖ ﻛـ Blockﻋﻦ ﻁﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ Ctrl+Shift+Vﺛﻢ
ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ )ﺃﻭ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟـ 0,0ﻋﻦ ﻁﺮﻳﻖ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ 0,0ﻓﻲ ﺳﻄﺮ ﺍﻷﻭﺍﻣﺮ ﺑﺎﻷﻭﺗﻮﻛﺎﺩ
ﺛﻢ (Enterﻭﻳﻔﻀﻞ ﻭﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ Layerﺟﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﻣﻊ ﺟﻌﻞ ﺃﻟﻮﺍﻥ ﻁﺒﻘﺎﺕ )(Layers
ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﺭﻣﺎﺩﻱ 252ﺃﻭ 8
-2ﻁﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟـ :Xrefﺍﻓﺘﺢ ﻣﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻭﻗﻢ ﺑﻮﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﻛـ Xrefﻋﻦ ﻁﺮﻳﻖ ﺃﻣﺮ XAﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ
ﻣﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺛﻢ Openﺛﻢ ﺍﺟﻌﻞ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻹﺩﺧﺎﻝ 0,0,0ﻭ 1,1,1 = Scaleﺛﻢ Okﻛﻤﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻮﺭﺓ
)*(
ﻭﻳﻔﻀﻞ ﺟﻌﻞ ﺃﻟﻮﺍﻥ ﻁﺒﻘﺎﺕ ) (Layersﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﻟـ Xrefﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﺭﻣﺎﺩﻱ 252ﺃﻭ .8
ﻗﻢ ﺑﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﻠﻮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟـ Shop Drawingﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﺑﻌﺎﺩﻫﺎ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﻟﻠﻜﺘﺎﻟﻮﺟﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺘﻤﺪﺓ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺸﺎﺭﻱ ...ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟـ Base Pointﺑﻬﺎ ﻧﻔﺲ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟـ Base Point
)**(
ﻟﺒﻠﻮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺣﺘﻲ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻥ
ﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﻳﺘﻢ ﻭﺿﻊ ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻴﻦ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﻠﻮﻙ ﻳﻌﺒﺮﺍﻥ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ ) (Typeﻭ ﺭﻗﻢ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻨﻴﺔ
) (Circuit Noﻭﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺑﺠﺎﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻮﻙ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﺇﻣﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ Textﺃﻭ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻜﻞ Attribute
-ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ) Textﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﺗﻤﺖ ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ
ﺍﻟﺮﻳﻔﻴﺖ ﻭ ﺗﻢ ﺗﺼﺪﻳﺮﻫﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﻠﻒ ﺃﻭﺗﻮﻛﺎﺩ (Dwgﻓﻴﺠﺐ ﻭﺿﻌﻬﺎ ﺑﻨﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺑﺠﺎﻧﺐ ﺑﻠﻮﻙ
ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺒﺪﺍﻝ
-ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻜﻞ Attributeﻓﻴﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺑﻠﻮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺑﻬﺎ Attributesﺑﻨﻔﺲ ﺍﺳﻢ
ﺍﻟـ Tagﻟﺒﻠﻮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ
)*(
ﺍﻧﺴﺦ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻮﻛﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ Shop Drawingﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻥ
ﺃﻓﻀﻞ ﻁﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻮﻛﺎﺕ ﻋﻦ ﻁﺮﻳﻖ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ Expressﺛﻢ Blocksﺛﻢ Replace
Block With Another Blockﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺑﻠﻮﻙ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺛﻢ Okﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺑﻠﻮﻙ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺛﻢ Okﺛﻢ
ﺍﻛﺘﺐ Yﺛﻢ Enterﻛﻤﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻮﺭ
)*( ﺑﺎﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ Ctrl+Shift+Cﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺛﻢ ﺍﺫﻫﺐ ﻟﻤﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻭﻗﻢ ﺑﻌﻤﻞ ﻟﺼﻖ ﻋﻦ ﻁﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ
ﻋﻠﻰ Ctrl+Vﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ
ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻮﻛﺎﺕ ﺑﻬﺎ Attributesﻳﺠﺐ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺇﻅﻬﺎﺭ ﻭﺗﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟـ
Attributesﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻋﻦ ﻁﺮﻳﻖ ﺃﻣﺮ AttSyncﺛﻢ Enterﺛﻢ Enterﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻮﻙ ﺛﻢ .Enter
ﺛﻢ ﺍﻋﻤﻞ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﻟﻠـ Attributesﺑﺰﺍﻭﻳﺔ ﺻﻔﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻁﺮﻳﻖ ﺃﻣﺮ Torientﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻮﻛﺎﺕ ﺛﻢ
)**(
Enterﺛﻢ ﺍﻛﺘﺐ ) 0ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺮﻳﺪﻫﺎ( ﺛﻢ Enter
ﺍﻓﺘﺢ ﻣﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ) (Designﻟﻠﺪﻭﺭ ﻭﻗﻢ ﺑﻨﺴﺦ )ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻮﻛﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻼﺕ ﻭ ﺃﺳﻤﺎء ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺭﻗﻢ
)***(
ﻛﻞ ﻟﻴﻨﻴﺔ (Circuitﻣﻨﻪ ﺛﻢ ﺍﺫﻫﺐ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻭﺍﻋﻤﻞ ﻟﺼﻖ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﻛـ Block
ﻗﻢ ﺑﺘﺠﻬﻴﺰ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ Layerﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺗﻌﺒﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﻟﻠﺘﻮﺻﻴﻞ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﻭ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ
ﺍﻟـ Layerﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺭﺳﻢ ﺧﻄﻮﻁ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻞ ) (Polylinesﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌﺒﺮ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺳﻴﺮ
ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟـ Layersﻧﻜﺮﺭﻫﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﺔ ﺃﺧﺮ ﻣﻊ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻟﻮﻥ ﺍﻟـ Layerﻓﻔﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ
ﺗﻐﺬﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺍﺭﺉ Emergencyﻧﺠﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﻥ ﻣﺜﻼ ﺍﺣﻤﺮ ﻭ ﻧﺒﺪﺃ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺍﺋﺢ ﺑـ Emgﺑﺪﻻ ﻣﻦ
Nrmﻭﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻄﺎﺭﻳﺎﺕ Upsﻧﺠﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﻥ ﻣﺜﻼ ﺑﻨﻔﺴﺠﻲ ﻭ ﻧﺒﺪﺃ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺍﺋﺢ ﺑـ
Upsﺑﺪﻻ ﻣﻦ Nrm
ﻗﻢ ﺑﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻞ ﻋﻦ ﻁﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺻﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ ﻭ ﻟﻮﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﻟﻠﺴﻘﻒ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻗﻂ ﻓﻔﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ
ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺳﻘﻒ ﺳﺎﻗﻂ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ Above False Ceilingﻭ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻋﺪﻡ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺳﻘﻒ ﺳﺎﻗﻂ
ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ Embeddedﺇﻻ ﻓﻲ ﻏﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﺎ ﻭ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ
) Exposedﺃﻭ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺸﺎﺭﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺻﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ(
-ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻅﺔ :ﻳﺠﺐ ﺍﻷﺧﺬ ﺑﺎﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺃﻣﺎﻛﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺸﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺭﺳﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﻟﻠﺴﻘﻒ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻗﻂ ) False
(Ceilingﻭﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻓﻬﺎ ﻣﻊ ﺃﻣﺎﻛﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺸﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻧﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﺘﺤﺮﻳﻚ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻮﻛﺎﺕ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻠﻬﺎ
ﻁﺒﻘﺎ ﻷﻣﺎﻛﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺸﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺭﺳﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻘﻒ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻗﻂ ).(False Ceiling
ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﺃﻥ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ Above False Ceilingﻫﻮ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ Exposedﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻟﻠﺘﻔﺮﻳﻖ ﺑﻴﻦ
ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺳﻘﻒ ﺳﺎﻗﻂ ﺑﺎﻟﻐﺮﻓﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺪﻣﻪ ﻗﻤﻨﺎ ﺑﻌﻤﻞ ﺷﺮﻳﺤﺔ ) (Layerﻟﻜﻞ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ
ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﺤﺔ ) (Layerﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻞ ﺛﻢ ﻗﻢ ﺑﺘﻮﺻﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺸﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻗﻤﻨﺎ ﺑﺘﺒﺪﻳﻠﻬﺎ
ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ ﺧﻂ Plineﻋﻦ ﻁﺮﻳﻖ ﺃﻣﺮ PLﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻞ ﺃﻓﻘﻴﺎ ﻭ ﺭﺃﺳﻴﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻮﺍﺯﻱ ﻟﻠﺤﺎﺋﻂ
)ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺃﻱ ﺧﻂ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺎﺋﻂ ﺃﻭ ﺧﻂ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻣﻮﺍﺯﻱ ﻟﻪ ﺃﻛﺒﺮ ﻣﻦ 100ﻣﻢ ﻟﻜﻲ ﺗﻈﻬﺮ
ﻭﺍﺿﺤﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ(
ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﻳﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻮﻁ ) (Polylinesﻗﻢ ﺑﻌﻤﻞ Filletﻟﻬﺎ ﺑﻨﺼﻒ ﻗﻄﺮ 50ﺣﺘﻲ ﺗﻈﻬﺮ
ﻣﻘ ّﻮﺳﺔ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻋﻦ ﻁﺮﻳﻖ ﺃﻣﺮ Fﺛﻢ Pﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﺨﻂ ) (Polylinesﻭﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻧﺼﻒ ﻗﻄﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺱ
ﻋﻦ ﻁﺮﻳﻖ ﺃﻣﺮ Fﺛﻢ Rﺛﻢ ﺍﻛﺘﺐ 50ﺛﻢ ) Enterﻧﺤﺪﺩ ﻧﺼﻒ ﻗﻄﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺱ ﻣﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ
ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ(
ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺋﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﻴﺔ ) (Circuitsﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﻳﺠﺐ ﻋﺪﻡ ﺗﻜﺮﺍﺭ ﺭﻗﻢ ﺃﻱ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﺲ
ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻳﺠﺐ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﺔ ﺍﻟـ Design Scheduleﻟﻜﻞ ﻟﻮﺣﺔ ﺟﻴﺪﺍ
ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺠﺐ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﺔ ﺃﻣﺎﻛﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺎﺕ ) (Panelsﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬﻱ ﻟـ Cable Routingﻭﻳﺘﻢ
ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻚ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻬﺎ ﻟﺘﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬﻱ ﻟـ Cable Routing
ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺍﻟـ Layerﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌﺒﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻞ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺭﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻮﻁ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺳﺒﻖ
ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ ﺑﺄﻗﺮﺏ ﻛﺸﺎﻑ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ ) (Circuitﻟﻴﺤﻘﻖ ﺍﻗﺼﺮ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﻭﺃﻗﻞ ﺍﻧﺤﻨﺎءﺍﺕ
) (Bendsﻭﺣﺎﻭﻝ ﺟﻌﻞ ﻣﺴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺳﻴﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻗﺎﺕ ) (Corridorsﺑﻘﺪﺭ ﺍﻹﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺣﺘﻲ ﺗﺼﻞ
ﻟﻠﻐﺮﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺑﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﻴﺔ
ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﻬﺎء ﻣﻦ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺸﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﻗﻢ ﺑﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻛﻞ Ceiling Boxﻟﻜﻞ ﻛﺸﺎﻑ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻋﺪﺩ
ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺳﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺼﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺸﺎﻑ ﻭﻁﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻠﻬﺎ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ﻭ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺑﻮﺿﻊ ﺭﻣﺰ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﺠﺎﻧﺐ ﻛﻞ
ﻛﺸﺎﻑ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﻮﺯ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ(O-I-L-U-T-Y-X-H) :
ﻳﻔﻀﻞ ﻗﺪﺭ ﺍﻹﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺃﻻ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺃﻱ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻼﺕ ﺑﺪﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﻟـ Back Boxﺍﻟﺨﺎﺹ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺸﺎﻑ ﻟﺬﻟﻚ
ﻳﻔﻀﻞ )ﺷﻜﻞ (1ﻋﻦ )ﺷﻜﻞ (2ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ
ﺍﻧﺴﺦ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺪﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻴﺔ ﻭﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻴﻴﻒ ﻭﻁﻠﻤﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﻑ ﻭﻛﻞ ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ
ﺗﺤﺘﺎﺝ ﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳﺔ ﻛﻬﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ:
(FCU (Fan Coil Unit) + EF (Exhaust Fan) + SF (Smoke Fan) + AHU (Air
)Handling Unit) + Pumps + Valves + Split Units
ﻭﻫﻮ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺭﻣﻮﺯ ﺗﻮﺿﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻮﻁ ) (Polylinesﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌﺒﺮ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺳﻴﺮ
ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﻮﺯ ﻭﻅﻴﻔﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﻴﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻭﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻷﺳﻼﻙ ) (Wiresﺑﺪﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﻭﻧﻀﻊ ﻫﺬﻩ
ﺍﻟﺮﻣﻮﺯ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻮﻁ ) (Polylinesﺑﺎﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ ﻭ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﻮﺯ ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻵﺗﻲ:
ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻷﻣﺜﻠﺔ:
ﻟﻺﺿﺎءﺓ For Lighting
-ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻞ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ ﻭﺃﻱ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻞ ﺑـ 3ﺃﺳﻼﻙ ﻭﻫﻢ
Phase+Neutral+Groundingﻭﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟـ Hatch Markﺑﺎﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ
-ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻞ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺸﺎﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻔﺘﺎﺡ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻱ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻞ ﺑـ 3ﺃﺳﻼﻙ ﻭﻫﻢ
Phase+Return+Groundingﻭﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟـ Hatch Markﺑﺎﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ
-ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻞ ﻛﺸﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﺑﻬﻢ ﺑﻤﻔﺘﺎﺡ )ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ( ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻞ ﺑـ 3ﺃﺳﻼﻙ ﻭﻫﻢ
Return+Neutral+Groundingﻭﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟـ Hatch Markﺑﺎﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ
-ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻞ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ ﻭ Push Buttonﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻞ ﺑـ 3ﺃﺳﻼﻙ ﻭﻫﻢ
Control+Control+Groundingﻭﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟـ Hatch Markﺑﺎﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ
(1 Phase -ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻞ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ ﻭﺃﻱ ﺑﺮﻳﺰﺓ ) (1 Phase Socketﺃﻭ
) Disconnectﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻞ ﺑـ 3ﺃﺳﻼﻙ ﻭﻫﻢ Phase+Neutral+Groundingﻭﻳﻜﻮﻥ
ﺍﻟـ Hatch Markﺑﺎﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ
-ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻞ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ ﻭﺃﻱ ﺑﺮﻳﺰﺓ ) (3 Phase Socketﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻞ ﺑـ 5ﺃﺳﻼﻙ
ﻭﻫﻢ Phase+Phase+Phase+Neutral+Groundingﻭﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟـ Hatch Mark
ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ
-ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻞ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ ﻭ ) (3 Phase Disconnect 3 Poleﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻞ ﺑـ 4
ﺃﺳﻼﻙ ﻭﻫﻢ Phase+Phase+Phase+Groundingﻭﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟـ Hatch Markﺑﺎﻟﺸﻜﻞ
ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ
-ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻞ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ ﻭ ) (3 Phase Disconnect 4 Poleﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻞ ﺑـ 5
Hatch ﺃﺳﻼﻙ ﻭﻫﻢ Phase+Phase+Phase+Neutral+Groundingﻭﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟـ
Markﺑﺎﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ
-ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻞ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﻔﺘﺎﺡ ) (Double Poleﻭ FCUﺃﻭ ) E.O.ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ ﻣﺘﺼﻠﺔ ﺑـ
Phase+Return+Return ﻭﻫﻢ ﺃﺳﻼﻙ 5 ﺑـ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻞ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ (E.O.
+Neutral+Groundingﻭﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟـ Hatch Markﺑﺎﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ
-ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻞ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﻔﺘﺎﺡ ) (Double Poleﻭ FCUﺃﻭ ) E.O.ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ ﻣﺘﺼﻠﺔ
ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻔﺘﺎﺡ( ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻞ ﺑـ 3ﺃﺳﻼﻙ ﻭﻫﻢ Return+Return+Groundingﻭﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟـ
Hatch Markﺑﺎﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ
:Presentation -10
-ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻅﺔ :ﺑﻮﺍﻁ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻞ Junction Boxﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻞ ﻭ ﺗﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻷﺳﻼﻙ )ﻣﺜﻼ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﻔﺮﻳﻊ
ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﻴﺔ(
ﻛﻤﺎ ﺍﻧﻪ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺑﻘﺪﺭ ﺍﻹﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﺤﺎﺫﺍﺓ ) (Alignﻟﻠﻤﺸﺎﻭﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻳﺒﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﻟﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ
ﻣﻨﻈﻤﺔ ﻭ ﻭﺍﺿﺤﺔ
ﺍﻋﻤﻞ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭﺍﺕ ) (Multileadersﻟـ )- Pull Boxes Sizes - Panels Names
- Mechanical Equipments Namesﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟـ Conduits - Electrical Outlets
(Sleeves Up or Down to Another Floor
ﻗﻢ ﺑﺮﺳﻢ ﺍﻷﺑﻌﺎﺩ ) (Dimensionsﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﻞ ﻛﺸﺎﻑ ﻭ ﺃﻗﺮﺏ ﻋﺎﻣﻮﺩ ﺃﻭ ﺣﺎﺋﻂ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟـ Axisﻭﺑﻴﻨﻪ
ﻭﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺸﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻓﺔ ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺭﺳﻢ ﺍﻷﺑﻌﺎﺩ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﺮﻳﺰﺓ ﻭﻣﻔﺘﺎﺡ ﻭﻣﺨﺮﺝ ﻛﻬﺮﺑﺎء
E.Oﻭ ﺑﻮﺍﻁ Pull Boxﻭ ﺑﻮﺍﻁ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻞ Junction Box
ﻗﻢ ﺑﻌﻤﻞ Legendﻟﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺸﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻭﻟﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﺍﻳﺰ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻔﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﺭﺝ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﻧﻮﻉ
ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺳﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟـ Linetypeﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻬﺎ
(Luminaries Types - Sockets Types - Switches Types - Panel Board Size -
)Pull Box & Junction Box Size - Conduit Types
ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ ﺑﻤﻘﻴﺎﺱ ) 1:50 = (Scaleﻓﻴﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ )ﺣﺠﻢ( ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟـ
Attributesﻭﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﻭﺭﺍﺕ ) 100 = (Multileadersﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻻﺕ ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ
ﺍﻟﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ ﺑﻤﻘﻴﺎﺱ ) 1:100 = (Scaleﻓﻴﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺎﺕ = 200
ﻳﺠﺐ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺍﻟـ Wall Mountedﺳﻮﺍء ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻛﺸﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﻳﺰ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻔﺎﺗﻴﺢ
ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﺑﻮﺿﻊ ﺭﻣﺰ ﺑﺠﺎﻧﺒﻬﺎ )ﻣﺜﻼ (h3ﺛﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻛﻞ ﺭﻣﺰ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟـ ) Legendﻣﺜﻼ
h1=30cmﻭ (h3=120 cmﻭﻫﻜﺬﺍ
ﻳﺠﺐ ﺗﺄﺭﻳﺾ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺍﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺪﻧﻴﺔ )(Metallic Pull, Junction and Back Boxes
ﻗﺪ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺒﺎﻭﺭ ) (Sockets + E.Oﻭﺍﻟـ Cable Routingﻣﺠﻤﻌﺔ ﻣﻌﺎ
ﻓﻲ ﻣﻠﻒ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻭﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻳﺠﺐ ﻓﺼﻠﻬﻤﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬﻳﺔ
ﻳﺠﺐ ﻋﻤﻞ Legendﻋﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻛﺸﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﺿﺎءﺓ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﻟﺘﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﻠﻤﺒﺔ ﻭﺍﻟـ Ballast
ﻭﺣﻤﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻛﺸﺎﻑ ﺑﺎﻷﻣﺒﻴﺮ ﻁﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﻜﺘﺎﻟﻮﺟﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺘﻤﺪﺓ )(Approved Material Submittal
ﺃﻱ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺃﺳﺎﺳﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺗﻢ ﻋﻤﻠﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬﻳﺔ ﺳﻮﺍء ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺤﺬﻑ ﻳﺠﺐ
ﺃﻭﻻ ﺇﺭﺳﺎﻟﻪ ﻟﻼﺳﺘﺸﺎﺭﻱ ﻛـ (Request For Information) RFIﻻﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩﻩ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ
ﻁﻮﻝ ﺃﻱ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ )ﻟﻴﻨﻴﺔ( ﻻ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺰﻳﺪ ﻋﻦ ﺃﻗﺼﻲ ﻁﻮﻝ ﻣﺴﻤﻮﺡ ﻁﺒﻘﺎ ﻟـ )(Circuit Breaker
ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺹ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ ،ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟـ ) (Circuit Breakerﻁﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻠـ ) (Typeﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﻫﻢ:
ﻭﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﻳﻮﺿﺢ ﺍﻷﻁﻮﺍﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻤﻮﺣﺔ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟـ ) (Circuit Breakerﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﺄﺧﻮﺫ
ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ):(Schneider Electrical Installation Guide 2011- G34
ﻳﺠﺐ ﻣﺮﺍﻋﺎﺓ ﺃﻣﺎﻛﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﻴﺔ )ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺸﺎﻓﺎﺕ( ﻣﻊ ﺍﻷﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ )ﻣﺜﻞ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻳﻖ
) (Fire Fightingﻭﺍﻟﺘﻜﻴﻴﻒ ) (HVACﻭﺍﻟﺼﺤﻲ ﻭﺇﻧﺬﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻳﻖ( ﻭﻋﻤﻞ ﺗﻨﺴﻴﻖ
) (Coordinationﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢ ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺃﻓﻀﻞ ﺃﻣﺎﻛﻦ ﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻛﻞ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ
ﻳﺘﻢ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﻲ ﻗﺴﻢ ﺧﺎﺹ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺐ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﺑﻤﺮﺍﺟﻌﺔ ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻌﺎ ﻭﻋﻤﻞ ﻗﻄﺎﻋﺎﺕ
) (Sectionsﻓﻲ ﺃﻣﺎﻛﻦ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻷﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﻣﻌﺎ ﻭﻣﺮﺍﻋﺎﺓ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻛﻞ ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ﻟﺘﻔﺎﺩﻱ ﺗﺼﺎﺩﻡ ﺃﻱ
ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻣﻌﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻋﻨﺼﺮﻳﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻥ
.2ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻐﺬﻳﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻭﻁﻮﻝ ﻛﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳﺔ ) (Feederﻭﺍﺳﻤﻪ ﻭ ﺣﺠﻤﻪ ﻭﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻝ
ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟـ Voltage Dropﺍﻟﻜﻠﻲ ﻟﻠﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺃﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ 5%ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﻧﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟـ Voltage
Dropﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻮﻝ ﻭﺣﺘﻲ ﺍﻟـ Panelﺍﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ + 2%ﺍﻟـ Voltage Dropﻣﻦ ﺍﻟـ Panelﻭﺣﺘﻲ
ﺃﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ 3%
ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﻷﻓﻀﻞ ﺃﻥ ﻧﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﺤﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﻟـ Voltage Dropﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟـ Panelﻭﻧﻀﻌﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺧﺎﻧﺔ ﺑﺎﻟـ
Scheduleﻭﻧﺴﻤﻴﻬﺎ Accumulative V.Dﺛﻢ ﻧﺠﻤﻌﻬﺎ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟـ Voltage Dropﻟﻜﻞ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ
ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ 5%ﻷﻧﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻲ ﻟﻠـ Voltage Dropﻟﻠﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ
ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟـ Voltage Dropﺍﻟﻜﻠﻲ ﻟﻠﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﻛﺒﺮ ﻣﻦ 5%ﻧﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﺘﻜﺒﻴﺮ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺍﻷﺳﻼﻙ
Wiresﺣﺘﻲ ﻳﻘﻞ ﻋﻦ 5%ﻭﻧﺮﺍﺟﻊ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺳﻴﺮ Conduit
ﻧﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﺤﺴﺎﺏ ﻗﻄﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﻟﻀﻤﺎﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟـ Filling Ratioﺍﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ 40%ﻛﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ
ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﺃﻥ ﻗﻄﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻚ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻞ ﻧﻌﺮﻑ ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﻟﻮﺝ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ
0.4 * 3.14 * (DConduit/2)2 ≥ No. of wires * 3.14 * (Dwire/2)2
DConduit ≥ √ 2.5 * No. of wires * (Dwire)2
.7ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺣﻤﻞ ﻛﻞ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﻭ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻭﻧﻮﻉ ﻛﻞ ﻛﺸﺎﻑ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺮﻳﺰﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ
.8ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﺣﻤﻞ ﻛﻞ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺑﺎﻷﻣﺒﻴﺮ )ﻓﻤﺜﻼ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺭﻗﻢ 1ﺑﻬﺎ 12ﻛﺸﺎﻑ ﻭﺣﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺸﺎﻑ
ﺑﺎﻷﻣﺒﻴﺮ ﻛﺎﻥ 0.4Aﻓﺎﻥ ﺣﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ (4.8A = 12*0.4
.9ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ ﺍﻷﺣﻤﺎﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻞ Phaseﻭﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ ﺍﻷﺣﻤﺎﻝ ﻟﻜﻞ Loadﻓﻤﺜﻼ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ
ﺃﺣﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟـ Socketsﻭﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ ﺃﺣﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟـ Lighting
ﻳﺠﺐ ﻋﻤﻞ Phase Balanceﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟـ Unbalance Ratioﺍﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ %10ﺃﻭ
ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺻﻔﺎﺕ ﻭﻧﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﺘﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺃﺭﻗﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺋﺮ ) (Circuitsﺍﻟﻼﺯﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟـ Schedulesﻭﻓﻲ
ﻟﻮﺣﺔ ﺍﻟـ Shop Drawing Plan
ﻗﺪ ﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺸﺎﺭﻱ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻛﻞ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟـ Schedulesﻭﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﻧﺰﻳﺪ ﻋﻤﻮﺩ
ﻟﻠﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﻭﻧﻜﺘﺐ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺃﺳﻤﺎء ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ )ﺍﻟﻜﺸﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﺍﻳﺰ(
Single Line ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻭﻻ ﺃﻥ ﻧﻔﺘﺢ ﻣﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻟـPanel ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟـVoltage Drop ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﻟـ
Panel ﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺭ ﻛﺎﻣﻼ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻮﻝ ﻭﺣﺘﻲ ﺍﻟـFeeder Data Schedules ﺃﻭDiagram
ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺭ ﺛﻢ ﻧﺤﺴﺐ ﺍﻟـPanel ﻟﻜﻞDemand Load ﻭﻁﻮﻝ ﻛﻞ ﻛﺎﺑﻞ ﻭﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﻣﻘﻄﻌﻪ ﻭﺍﻟـ
( ﻋﻦ ﻁﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔBus Bar ﻟﻜﻞ ﻛﺎﺑﻞ )ﺃﻭVoltage Drop
V.D. % = (K (mV/A/m) * I (A) * Length (m)) / (10 * V * No. of Cable per Phase)
Where: I = [(Demand Load (kVA) * 1000) / (V * √3)] * Diversity Factor
ﻟﻜﻞ ﻛﺎﺑﻞ ﺣﺘﻲ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻐﺬﻱ ﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔVoltage Drop ﺛﻢ ﻧﺠﻤﻊ ﺍﻟـ
ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﻧﻌﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺭ ﻛﺎﻣﻼ ﺛﻢ ﻧﺤﺴﺐ ﺍﻟـPanel ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟـShort Circuit ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﻟـ
Medium ( ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻧﺤﺴﺒﻬﺎ ﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ ﺍﻟـBus Bar ﻟﻜﻞ ﻛﺎﺑﻞ )ﺃﻭX (m Ω) ﻭﺍﻟـR (m Ω)
ﻛﺎﻷﺗﻲPanels ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺤﻮﻝ ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻧﻬﻤﻞ ﻗﻴﻤﻬﻢ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺍﻟـVoltage
R ﺗﺴﺎﻭﻱ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟـRT ﺣﻴﺚ ﺃﻥZT = √RT + XT ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔZT ﺛﻢ ﻧﺤﺴﺐ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟـ
ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺴﻮﺑﺔ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﺎ ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲX ﺗﺴﺎﻭﻱ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟـXT ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺴﻮﺑﺔ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﺎ ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ
Three-phase short circuit IS.C (kA) = (1.05 * VL) / (ZT (mΩ) * √3)
Phase to phase short circuit IS.C (kA) = (1.05 * VL) / (ZT (mΩ) * 2)
-14ﺍﻟﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ:
ﻛﻤﺎ ﺫﻛﺮﻧﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻮﺓ ﺭﻗﻢ 1ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻁﺮﻳﻘﺘﺎﻥ ﻟﻠﻌﻤﻞ ﺇﻣﺎ ﻁﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟـ Xrefﺃﻭ ﻁﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟـ Block
ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻣﺖ ﻁﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟـ Xrefﺇﺫﺍ ﻳﻔﻀﻞ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻠﻒ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺍﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻠﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﺛﻢ ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ
ﻁﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟـ Xrefﻭﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺹ ﺑﻨﺎ ﻟﻮﺿﻌﻪ ﻛـ Xrefﻓﻲ ﻣﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺇﺫﺍ
ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻣﺖ ﻁﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟـ Blockﻓﻴﻔﻀﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻔﺲ ﻣﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ.
ﻗﻢ ﺑﺘﺠﻬﻴﺰ ﻭﻋﻤﻞ ﺍﻟـ Layoutﻟﻠﺪﻭﺭ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻷﻓﻀﻞ ﻧﺴﺦ ﺍﻟـ Layoutﻣﻦ ﻣﻠﻒ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺳﻮﺍء ﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﺲ
ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺛﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻋﻦ ﻁﺮﻳﻖ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺃﻣﺮ Layoutﺛﻢ Tﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ
ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟـ Layoutﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺍﻟـ Layoutﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺮﻳﺪﻫﺎ ﺛﻢ Ok
ﻧﻀﻊ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟـ View Portﺑﻤﻘﻴﺎﺱ ) 1:50 = Scaleﺃﻭ 1:100ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻻﺕ ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ
ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﻳﺤﺪﺩ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ( ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﺑﺎﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺎﻭﺱ ﻣﺮﺗﻴﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟـ View Portﺛﻢ
ﺍﻛﺘﺐ ﻓﻲ ﺳﻄﺮ ﺍﻷﻭﺍﻣﺮ Zﺛﻢ Enterﺛﻢ Eﺛﻢ Enterﺛﻢ ﺃﻣﺮ PSﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺍﻟـ View Port
ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺎﻭﺱ ﺛﻢ ﺃﻣﺮ MOﺳﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﻧﺎﻓﺬﺓ ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺋﺺ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟـ Standard Scaleﺇﻟﻰ 1:50
ﺍﻟـ Plot Styleﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ ﻋﻦ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻁﺒﺎﻋﺔ ﻛﻞ ﻟﻮﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺍﺧﺘﺮﻧﺎﻩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭﺓ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﺎ ﻭﻫﻮ
Monochrome.ctbﻳﺠﻌﻞ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻷﻟﻮﺍﻥ ﺗﻈﻬﺮ ﺳﻮﺩﺍء ﺑﺪﺭﺟﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ ﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻗﺪ ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ Plot Style
ﺁﺧﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻻﺕ ﺃﻭ ﻧﻌﺪﻝ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻟﺘﺨﻔﻴﻒ ﻁﺒﺎﻋﺔ ﻟﻮﻥ ﻣﻌﻴﻦ ﻣﺜﻞ 8ﺃﻭ 252ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺍﺧﺘﺮﻧﺎﻩ
ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ )ﻓﻲ ﺧﻄﻮﺓ (1
ﻓﻲ ﺃﺣﻴﺎﻧﺎ ﻻ ﺗﻈﻬﺮ ﺍﻟـ Attributesﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ ﻭﻟﺤﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻜﻠﺔ ﺍﺿﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ
ﺃﺳﻔﻞ ﺍﻷﻭﺗﻮﻛﺎﺩ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ )ﺃﻭ ﺍﻛﺘﺐ ﺃﻣﺮ Annoallvisibleﺛﻢ Enterﺛﻢ 1ﺛﻢ (Enter
ﻳﺠﺐ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﺔ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ ﻛﻠﻪ ﺟﻴﺪﺍ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺄﻛﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻅﻬﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭ ) (Planﺟﻴﺪﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟـ
View Portﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻅﻬﻮﺭ ﺍﻟـ Legendﻭ ﺍﻟـ Notes
ﻟﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﻟـ Pdfﻧﻜﺘﺐ ﺃﻣﺮ Plotﻓﻲ ﺳﻄﺮ ﺍﻷﻭﺍﻣﺮ ﺃﻭ ﻧﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ Ctrl+Pﺛﻢ ﻧﺘﺄﻛﺪ ﺃﻥ
ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻹﻋﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺣﺪﺩﻧﺎﻫﺎ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻧﺤﺪﺩﻫﺎ ﻣﺠﺪﺩﺍ ﻛﺎﻵﺗﻲ
ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺭﺩﻧﺎ ﺇﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﻣﻠﻒ ﺍﻷﻭﺗﻮﻛﺎﺩ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﻟﻺﺳﺘﺸﺎﺭﻱ ﻭ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﻱ Xrefﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻠﻒ
ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﻓﻴﺠﺐ ﻋﻤﻞ Bindﻟﻜﻞ ﺍﻟـ Xref'sﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻋﻦ ﻁﺮﻳﻖ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺃﻣﺮ -Xrefﺛﻢ Bﺛﻢ *
ﺛﻢ Enter
ﻳﺠﺐ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻭﺗﺴﻠﻴﻢ ﺭﺳﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬﻳﺔ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻟﺘﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺃﻱ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻼﺕ
ﻭﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻷﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻷﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﻟﺮﺳﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ )(Details
@ZHCable RoutingI@Ä€@ÚÓˆbiãËÿ€a@ÚÌâÓ–‰n€a@pbflÏéã€a@›‡«@paÏ�Ç
ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟـ :Cable Routing
:Trench -2ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﻛﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻨﺨﻔﺾ )ﻋﻠﻲ ﺣﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﻛﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺑﺪﺍﺧﻠﻪ( ﻓﻲ
ﻏﺮﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻮﻝ ﻭﻓﻲ ﻏﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء ﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺎﺕ ) (Panelsﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻋﺪﻡ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ
ﺳﻘﻒ ﺳﺎﻗﻂ
:Duct Bank -3ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎ ﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺗﻌﺪﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻮﺍﺭﻉ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟـ Outdoor
-4ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺳﻴﺮ :Conduitsﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻧﺰﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺎﺕ Panelsﺃﻭ
ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻛﻴﻨﺎﺕ
ﻗﻢ ﺑﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺻﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻗﺪﻣﻬﺎ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺸﺎﺭﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﻣﺔ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻧﻮﻉ
ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻭﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺯﻝ ..ﻭﻫﻜﺬﺍ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﻟﻮﺟﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻢ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﻤﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﻋﺘﻤﺪﻫﺎ
ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺸﺎﺭﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺑﻌﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ﻟﻴﺘﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬﻳﺔ ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ
ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﻴﺎﺕ.
ﻗﻢ ﺑﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﺟﻴﺪﺍ ﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺃﻣﺎﻛﻦ ﻏﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﺩﻭﺭ ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺻﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء
ﻓﻲ ﻓﺘﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻘﻒ ) (Shaftsﻭﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﺔ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺍﻟـ Shaftsﻣﻊ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻭﻋﺪﺩ ﺣﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺣﺠﻢ
ﺍﻟـ Shaftﻻ ﻳﻜﻔﻲ ﻟﺤﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻧﻄﻠﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻨﺪﺱ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺍﻟـ Shaft
ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ Feeder Data Scheduleﻭ Single Line Diagramﻭﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﺘﻬﻢ ﻣﻌﺎ ﻣﻊ
ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﻟـ Cable Routingﻭﺇﺫﺍ ُﻭﺟﺪ ﺃﻱ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺮﺟﻊ ﻟﻨﺎ ﻫﻮ Feeder Data
Scheduleﻭﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻧﺼﺤﺢ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺄ ﻁﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻪ.
ﻗﻢ ﺑﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻹﻧﺸﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺍﻟـ Trenchesﻓﻲ ﻏﺮﻑ
ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء ﺑﺎﻟﺪﻭﺭ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻲ )ﺇﻥ ﻭﺟﺪﺕ( ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺎﺕ ) (Shaftsﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻁﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺗﻤﺪﻳﺪ ﺣﻮﺍﻣﻞ
ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺳﻮﺍء ﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﻓﻘﻴﺎ ) (Horizontallyﺃﻭ ﺭﺃﺳﻴﺎ ) (Verticallyﻭﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻧﻮﻉ
ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ )ﺳﻴﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤﻬﺎ ﻻﺣﻘﺎ(.
ﻭﺃﻫﻢ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺘﻪ ﺟﻴﺪﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﻫﻮ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟـ ) (Double Heightﺇﻥ ُﻭﺟﺪ
ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺴﻘﻒ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻗﻂ.
ﻭﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﺮﺳﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻴﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺘﻬﺎ ﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺃﻣﺎﻛﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻛﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻭﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺩﺧﻮﻝ
ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺳﻔﻠﻬﺎ ﺃﻡ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻋﻼﻫﺎ ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻛﻴﻨﺔ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻞ ﺑﺤﺎﻣﻞ
ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ) (Cable Trayﺑﻨﻔﺲ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻋﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﻭﺭ ﺣﺘﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻛﻴﻨﺔ ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺩﺧﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ
ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺳﻔﻠﻬﺎ ﻓﻬﻨﺎﻙ 3ﻁﺮﻕ ﻟﻠﺘﻮﺻﻴﻞ:
-1ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭ ﺃﻷﺭﺿﻲ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻞ ﺑﺤﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺑﺪﺍﺧﻞ Trench
-2ﻓﻲ ﺃﻱ ﺩﻭﺭ ﻣﺎ ﻋﺪﺍ ﺃﻷﺭﺿﻲ ﻧﻌﻤﻞ ﻓﺘﺤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ ) (Slabﺃﺳﻔﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻛﻴﻨﺔ ﻭﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺴﺎﺭ
ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻞ ﺑﺤﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭ ﺍﻷﺳﻔﻞ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺣﺘﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻘﻒ
-3ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻨﻲ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﻛﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺑﻐﻄﺎء Coverﻣﺜﺒﺘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺣﺘﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻛﻴﻨﺔ
ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﺸﻲء ﻧﻄﺒﻘﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻮﺣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء ﻭ ﻟﻜﻦ ﻓﻲ ﻏﺮﻑ ﺍﻟـ Switch Gearﻓﻲ ﺃﻱ ﺩﻭﺭ ﻣﺎ ﻋﺪﺍ
ﺃﻷﺭﺿﻲ ﻧﻌﻤﻞ Raised Floorﻭﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻞ ﺑﺤﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺃﺳﻔﻞ ﺍﻟـ .Raised Floor
ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﺠﺰء ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺹ ﺑﺎﻟـ Lighting & Powerﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ 13ﻭ 14
ﻗﻢ ﺑﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﻠﻮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟـ Shop Drawingﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﺑﻌﺎﺩﻫﺎ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﻟﻠﻜﺘﺎﻟﻮﺟﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺘﻤﺪﺓ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺸﺎﺭﻱ ...ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟـ Base Pointﺑﻬﺎ ﻧﻔﺲ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟـ Base Point
)*(
ﻟﺒﻠﻮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺣﺘﻲ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻥ
ﺍﻧﺴﺦ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻮﻛﺎﺕ ) (Disconnect Switches + Panelsﻣﻦ ﻣﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ
)**(
Shop Drawingﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻥ
ﻗﺪ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺒﺎﻭﺭ ) (Sockets + E.Oﻭﺍﻟـ Cable Routingﻣﺠﻤﻌﺔ ﻣﻌﺎ
ﻓﻲ ﻣﻠﻒ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻭﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻳﺠﺐ ﻓﺼﻠﻬﻤﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬﻳﺔ
ﻳُﻔﻀﻞ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻮﻛﺎﺕ ﻳﺪﻭﻳﺎ ﻧﻈﺮﺍ ﻟﻘﻠﺔ ﻋﺪﺩﻫﺎ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﺑﻮﺿﻊ ﺑﻠﻮﻙ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺑﺪﻻ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻠﻮﻙ
ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﻋﻦ ﻁﺮﻳﻖ ﺃﻣﺮ Insertﺃﻭ Copyﺛﻢ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻗﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ ) (Typeﻭ ﺭﻗﻢ
ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻨﻴﺔ ) (Circuit Noﻟﻠﺒﻠﻮﻙ
ﻧﻘﻮﻡ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺑﺘﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺑﻠﻮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟـ Panelsﻭﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺎﺗﻴﺢ ) (Disconnect Switchesﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺘﻢ
ﺗﻐﺬﻳﺘﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟـ Cable Routing
)*( ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻟﻴﺴﺐ BPﻟﺘﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟـ Base Pointﻟﺒﻠﻮﻙ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻟﺘﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟـ Base Point
ﻟﺒﻠﻮﻙ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﻜﺲ
https://payazed.wordpress.com/2015/09/21/bp/
)**( ﺑﺎﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ Ctrl+Shift+Cﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺛﻢ ﺍﺫﻫﺐ ﻟﻤﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻭﻗﻢ ﺑﻌﻤﻞ ﻟﺼﻖ ﻋﻦ ﻁﺮﻳﻖ
ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ Ctrl+Vﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ
Power &
Perforated Moderate
Data Cables
Power &
Ladder High
Large Cables
Power &
Duct Minimal
Data Cables
ﺣﺠﻢ ﺣﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ )ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎ( :ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺽ 100ﺃﻭ 150ﺃﻭ 300ﺃﻭ 450ﺃﻭ 600ﺃﻭ 750ﺃﻭ 900
)ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺽ 4ﺃﻭ 6ﺃﻭ 12ﺃﻭ 18ﺃﻭ 24ﺃﻭ 30ﺃﻭ 36 ﻣﻢ xﺍﻟﻌﻤﻖ 100ﺃﻭ 111ﺃﻭ 50ﻣﻢ
ﺑﻮﺻﺔ xﺍﻟﻌﻤﻖ 4ﺃﻭ 4.38ﺃﻭ 2ﺑﻮﺻﺔ( ﺃﻭ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﻟﻮﺟﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺘﻤﺪﺓ
ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺣﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﻛﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺃﺧﺮﻱ ﻣﺜﻞSingle Rail & Channel Cable Tray :
ﺍﻓﺘﺢ ﻣﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ) (Designﻟﻠﺪﻭﺭ ﻭﻗﻢ ﺑﻨﺴﺦ ﺣﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺛﻢ ﺍﺫﻫﺐ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ
)*(
ﻭﺍﻋﻤﻞ ﻟﺼﻖ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﻛـ Block
ﺑﻌﺪ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ Feeder Data Scheduleﻭ Single Line Diagramﻧﻜﻮﻥ ﻗﺪ ﻋﺮﻓﻨﺎ ﻟﻮﺣﺔ
ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳﺔ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻟﻮﺣﺔ Panelﻓﺮﻋﻴﺔ ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻛﻼ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺘﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭ ﻓﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻞ ﺳﻴﺼﻞ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ
ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﻭﻳﻤﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ Perforated Cable Trayﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻛﻼ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺘﻴﻦ )ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ ﻭﻟﻮﺣﺔ
ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﻬﺎ( ﻓﻲ ﺩﻭﺭﻳﻦ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﻴﻦ ﻓﻴﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻤﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻞ ﻋﺒﺮ ) Shaftﻓﺘﺤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﻘﻒ ﺃﻭ
ﺍﻷﺭﺽ( ﻟﻠﺪﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ Panelﻭﻳﻤﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ Perforated Cable Trayﺣﺘﻲ ﺍﻟـ
Shaftﺛﻢ ﻳﻤﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ Ladderﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﺭﺃﺳﻴﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺋﻂ ﺑﺪﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﻟـ Shaftﺣﺘﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭ
ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺛﻢ ﻳﻤﺮ ﻣﺮﺓ ﺃﺧﺮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ Perforated Cable Trayﺣﺘﻲ ﻟﻮﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳﺔ
ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻅﺔ :ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺣﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﻧﻲ :ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎ ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻧﻮﻉ Perforated Cable Tray
ﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺎﺕ ﻭﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻟـ Ladderﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺎﺕ ﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻷﺩﻭﺍﺭ
ﻭﻓﻲ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻻﺕ ﻓﻲ ﻏﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء ﻭﻣﻊ ﻛﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳﻂ MV
)*( ﺑﺎﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ Ctrl+Shift+Cﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺛﻢ ﺍﺫﻫﺐ ﻟﻤﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻭﻗﻢ ﺑﻌﻤﻞ ﻟﺼﻖ ﻛـ ﺑﻠﻮﻙ ﻋﻦ
ﻁﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ Ctrl+Shift+Vﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ
ﻧﻌﻤﻞ Layerﺟﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﻧﺴﻤﻴﻬﺎ ) (Nrm-Guidelinesﺛﻢ ﻧﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﺮﺳﻢ ﻣﺴﺎﺭ ﻛﻞ ﻛﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻠـ Normal
Panelsﺑﺨﻂ Polylineﻭﻧﺒﺪﺃ ﻣﻦ ﻟﻮﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟـ Shaftﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ ) (Panelﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ
ﻭﻳﻤﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺭ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻟﻴﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﻣﺴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺇﻻ ﺇﺫﺍ ُﻭﺟﺪ ﻣﺴﺎﺭ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺃﻓﻀﻞ
ﻭﻁﻮﻟﻪ ﺍﻗﺼﺮ ﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻠﻔﺔ
ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﺭﺳﻢ ﺧﻄﻮﻁ ﺍﻟـ Guide Linesﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻻ ﻳﻘﺎﻁﻊ ﻛﺎﺑﻞ ﻛﺎﺑﻞ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻭﻳﺘﻢ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺑﺘﺮﺗﻴﺐ
ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺟﻴﺪﺍ ﻓﻤﺜﻼ
-ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻘﺎﺕ Layersﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻐﺬﻱ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻳﺒﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ
ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﺒﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻠﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻐﺬﻱ ﻟﻮﺣﺎﺕ ﺑﻌﻴﺪﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﺒﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ
-ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺎﺕ Shaftsﻭﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻣﺮﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ Perforated Cable Trayﺇﻟﻰ
Ladderﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﺭﺃﺳﻴﺎ ﺑﺪﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﻟـ Shaftﺃﻭ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺋﻂ ﺗﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ
ﺑﺎﻟﻄﺒﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟـ Ladderﺍﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻡ ﻭ ﺗﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ
ﺑﺎﻟﻄﺒﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻠﻲ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟـ Ladderﺍﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻒ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻮﺭﺓ
-ﻓﻲ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻷﺣﻴﺎﻥ ﻧﻀﻊ ﻛﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺍﻟـ Normalﻭﺍﻟـ Emergencyﻣﻌﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ
ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻳﺠﺐ ﻭﺿﻊ Fire Barrierﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ
ﺑﻌﺪ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺎﺕ ﻭﻟﻮﺣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳﺔ )ﻭﺣﺘﻲ ﺍﻟـ Generatorﺇﺫﺍ ُﻭﺟﺪ( ﻧﻘﻮﻡ
ﺑﺮﺳﻢ ﺣﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬﻳﺔ ﺑﻨﻔﺲ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺣﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻤﻴﺔ – ﻣﺆﻗﺘﺎ – ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻧﻘﻮﻡ
ﺑﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻟـ Sectionsﻭﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺑﺎﺕ
-ﺃﻭ ﻧﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﺮﺳﻢ ﺟﺰء ﻓﻲ ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺑﻨﻔﺲ ﺣﺠﻤﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺛﻢ ﻧﻌﻤﻞ ﻗﻄﺎﻉ Section
ﻋﻨﺪﻩ ﻭﻧﺤﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﺠﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻠﻲ ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻛﺒﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺠﻤﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻧﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﻭﻧﻜﻤﻞ
ﺍﻟﺠﺰء ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﻟﻪ ..ﻭﻫﻜﺬﺍ ،ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﻳﺠﺐ ﻋﻤﻞ Sectionﺑﻌﺪ ﻛﻞ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺛﻢ ﻧﺤﺴﺐ
ﺣﺠﻢ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﻋﻨﺪﻩ
ﺍﻟـ Sectionﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻦ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻗﻄﺎﻋﻲ ﻟﺤﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ )ﻣﺮﺳﻮﻣﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﺴﺎﺭ
ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻴﻦ( ﻭﺍﻷﺑﻌﺎﺩ ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺍﻟـ Rod Supportsﻭﺃﺳﻔﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺃﻭ Excel Sheet
ﻟﺘﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﻋﻦ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻮﺭﺓ
ﻧﻀﻊ ﺍﻟـ Sectionﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬﻱ ﻟﻠﺪﻭﺭ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﺪﺩﻫﺎ ﺻﻐﻴﺮﺍ ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﺪﺩﻫﺎ ﻛﺒﻴﺮﺍ
ﻧﻀﻌﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻠﻒ ﻣﻨﻔﺼﻞ ﻭﻧﻀﻌﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﻭﻧﻀﻊ ﻟﻜﻞ Section
ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬﻳﺔ ﺑﺮﻗﻢ ﺍﻟـ Sectionﻟﺘﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻪ
ﻧﻌﻤﻞ sectionﻋﻨﺪ ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺛﻢ ﻧﻌﻤﻞ Sectionﺑﻌﺪ ﻛﻞ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ
ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﻭﺗﺴﺎﻋﺪﻧﺎ ﻛﺜﻴﺮﺍ ﺍﻟـ Guide Linesﺛﻢ ﻧﺤﺴﺐ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ
ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻛﻞ sectionﻭﻧﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ
-ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺴﻮﺏ ﺍﻛﺒﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻧﻘﻮﻡ
ﺑﺘﺼﺤﻴﺤﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬﻱ
-ﺃﻣﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺴﻮﺏ ﺍﺻﻐﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻧﺘﺮﻙ
ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺑﻨﻔﺲ ﺣﺠﻤﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ
ﻳﻔﻀﻞ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟـ Sectionsﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻻﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻣﺘﺪﺍﺩ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻳﻔﻀﻞ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ
ﺍﺗﺠﺎﻩ Sectionﻟﻠـ Ladderﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﺗﺠﺎﻩ Sectionﻟﻠـ Perforated Cable trayﺍﻟﻤﺘﺼﻞ ﺑﻪ
ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺣﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻤﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬﻱ ﺑﺠﺎﻧﺐ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﺃﻭ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺷﻜﻞ ﻁﺒﻘﺎﺕ ) (Layersﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻛﻦ ﺍﻟﻀﻴﻘﺔ ﻛﺎﻟﻄﺮﻗﺎﺕ ) (Corridorsﻭﺗﻜﻮﻥ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﻞ ﻁﺒﻘﺘﻴﻦ ≤ 350ﻣﻢ
ﻧﺤﺴﺐ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﻋﻦ ﻁﺮﻳﻖ Excel Sheetﺃﻭ Tableﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﻭﺗﻮﻛﺎﺩ ﻧﻀﻊ ﺑﻪ
ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ) (Feedersﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﻣﻊ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻛﻞ ﻛﺎﺑﻞ ﻭﻗﻄﺮﻩ ﻭﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ
ﻳﺼﻠﻬﺎ )ﻣﻦ -ﺇﻟﻰ( ﻭ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻛﻞ Feederﺛﻢ ﻧﺤﺴﺐ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﻋﻦ ﻁﺮﻳﻖ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ:
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ ) = (Dﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻭﺟﺎﻧﺐ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ +ﻗﻄﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ
+ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ +ﻗﻄﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ +ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ +
ﻗﻄﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ .....ﺍﻟﺦ ﺣﺘﻲ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﻷﺧﻴﺮ ﺑﺤﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ
ﺛﻢ ﻧﺨﺘﺎﺭ ﻋﺮﺽ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ:
ﻋﺮﺽ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ )ﻣﻢ( ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺣﺔ ) Dﻣﻢ( )(Spare = 20%
150 D ≤ 120
300 120 ≤ < D 240
450 240 ≤ < D 360
600 360 ≤ < D 480
750 480 ≤ < D 600
900 600 ≤ < D 720
ﺇﺫﺍ ﺣﺴﺒﻨﺎ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﻭ ﻭﺟﺪﻧﺎﻩ ﺍﻛﺒﺮ ﻣﻦ 900ﻣﻢ ﻧﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ 2ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﻛﺎﺑﻼﺕ
)ﻣﺜﻼ 900ﻣﻢ ﻭ 300ﻣﻢ( ﺃﻭ ﻁﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﺤﺴﺎﺑﺎﺕ
ﻧﻀﻊ ﻟﺤﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺩﻋﺎﻣﺎﺕ Rod Supportsﻟﻠﺘﻌﻠﻴﻖ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﻘﻒ ﻭﻧﻀﻌﻬﺎ ﻛﻞ 1500ﻣﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻣﺘﺪﺍﺩ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺸﺎﺭﻱ
ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻨﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺣﺰﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺰﻻﺯﻝ ﻧﻀﻊ ﻟﺤﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺩﻋﺎﻣﺎﺕ ﺃﺧﺮﻱ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﻠﻴﻖ
ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﻻﺯﻝ ﺍﺳﻤﻬﺎ Seismic Supportsﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺑﺎﺕ
ﺍﻹﻧﺸﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻟﺤﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﻟﻮﺟﺎﺕ ﻓﻤﺜﻼ ﻁﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻜﺘﺎﻟﻮﺝ HILTIﻧﻀﻊ ﻛﻞ 12ﻣﺘﺮ
ﻟﺤﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻁﺒﻘﺔ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻭﻛﻞ 9ﻣﺘﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻁﺒﻘﺘﻴﻦ ﻭﻛﻞ 7.5ﻣﺘﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺛﻼﺙ
ﻁﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻬﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ Elbowﺃﻭ Teeﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﺃﻗﺼﻲ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻟﻠﻄﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﻳﺤﻤﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟـ Seismic
Supportﻫﻲ ﺛﻼﺙ ﻁﺒﻘﺎﺕ
ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﻋﻦ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﻧﺰﻭﻝ ﻛﺎﺑﻞ ﺃﻭ ﻛﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻮﺣﺔ ﻧﻀﻊ
Reducerﻟﺘﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ )ﻣﺜﻼ ﻣﻦ 600ﻣﻢ ﺇﻟﻰ 300ﻣﻢ( ﻭﻟﻪ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻫﻢ
ﻳﻔﻀﻞ ﻭﺿﻊ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻟـ Reducerﻁﺒﻘﺎ ﻻﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻧﻘﺼﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ) Rightﺃﻭ (Leftﻭﺇﺫﺍ
ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺼﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺘﻴﻦ ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻧﻮﻉ )(Straight
ﻳﺠﺐ ﻣﺮﺍﻋﺎﺓ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﺣﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻷﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ )ﻣﺜﻞ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻳﻖ ) Fire
(Fightingﻭﺍﻟﺘﻜﻴﻴﻒ ) (HVACﻭﺍﻟﺼﺤﻲ ) ((Plumbingﻭﻋﻤﻞ ﺗﻨﺴﻴﻖ )(Coordination
ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢ ﻟﻤﺮﺍﺟﻌﺔ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﺣﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ
ﻳﺘﻢ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﻲ ﻗﺴﻢ ﺧﺎﺹ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺐ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﺑﻤﺮﺍﺟﻌﺔ ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻌﺎ ﻭﻋﻤﻞ ﻗﻄﺎﻋﺎﺕ
) (Sectionsﻓﻲ ﺃﻣﺎﻛﻦ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻷﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﻣﻌﺎ ﻭﻣﺮﺍﻋﺎﺓ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻛﻞ ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ﻟﺘﻔﺎﺩﻱ ﺗﺼﺎﺩﻡ ﺃﻱ
ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻣﻌﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻋﻨﺼﺮﻳﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻥ
ﻳﺠﺐ ﻣﺮﺍﻋﺎﺓ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻴﻴﻒ )(HVAC
ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺤﻲ ) (Plumbingﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻻﺕ ﻗﺪ ﺗﻤﺮ ﻣﻮﺍﺳﻴﺮ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻳﻖ ) Fire
(Fightingﻓﻮﻕ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﻓﻨﻘﺒﻠﻪ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ )ﺗﻘﺎﻁﻊ ╪ ( ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻻ ﻧﻘﺒﻠﻪ ﺇﺫﺍ
ﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻣﺘﺪﺍﺩ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ )ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻣﻞ ﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﻁﻮﻳﻠﺔ (
ﺍﻗﻞ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻁﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﺣﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ) (Layersﻫﻲ 350ﻣﻢ )ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺇﻟﻰ
ﻗﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻓﻮﻗﻪ(
ﺍﻗﻞ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻘﻒ ﺃﻭ Beamsﺃﻭ ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺃﺧﺮﻱ ﻫﻲ 250ﻣﻢ
ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻧﺘﺮﻙ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﻛﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﺑﺠﺎﻧﺐ ﺃﻱ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﻛﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻬﺔ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻗﻞ ﻻ ﺗﻘﻞ ﻋﻦ 300
ﻣﻢ ﻟﺴﻬﻮﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﻟﻪ ) (Accessibilityﻭ ﻭﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻧﺔ )ﻣﺜﻼ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ 3
ﺣﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﻛﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺑﺠﺎﻧﺐ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻤﺎ ﻧﺮﺳﻢ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﺛﻢ ﻧﺘﺮﻙ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺔ 300ﻣﻢ ﺛﻢ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ
ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﺛﻢ ﻧﺘﺮﻙ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺔ 300ﻣﻢ ﺛﻢ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ(
:Presentation -11
ﻗﻢ ﺑﻮﺿﻊ ﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭﺓ ) (Multileaderﻟﻜﻞ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﻛﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺗﻌﺒﺮ ﻋﻦ ﺣﺠﻤﻪ ﻭﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻋﻪ ﻭﻧﻮﻋﻪ ﻭﻋﺪﺩ
ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻘﺎﺕ )ﻭﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻁﺒﻘﺔ ﻧﻜﺘﺐ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻛﻞ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﻛﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﻭﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻋﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻋﻠﻰ
ﻟﻸﺳﻔﻞ( ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﺃﻥ ﻧﻮﻉ Cable Trayﻣﻘﺼﻮﺩ ﺑﻪ ) Perforatedﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﺍﻷﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﺎ(
ﻧﻜﺮﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻠﻬﺎ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻋﻪ
ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻅﻬﻮﺭ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ Viewportﻧﻜﺮﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﻭﺭﺓ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟـ Viewports
ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﺑﻬﺎ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﺃﻭ ﻧﻀﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﻭﺭﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﺮﻙ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟـ Viewports
ﻗﺪ ﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺸﺎﺭﻱ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭﺍﺕ ﺑﻬﺎ ﺃﺳﻤﺎء ﺍﻟـ Feedersﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻣﺘﺪﺍﺩ ﻛﻞ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﻛﺎﺑﻼﺕ
ﻛﻤﺎ ﺍﻧﻪ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺑﻘﺪﺭ ﺍﻹﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﺤﺎﺫﺍﺓ ) (Alignﻟﻠﻤﺸﺎﻭﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻳﺒﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﻟﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ
ﻣﻨﻈﻤﺔ ﻭ ﻭﺍﺿﺤﺔ
ﻗﻢ ﺑﺮﺳﻢ ﺍﻷﺑﻌﺎﺩ ) (Dimensionsﻟـ ﺣﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ )ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺘﻪ ﻭﻧﻬﺎﻳﺘﻪ( ﻭﺍﻟـ Accessories
ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺎﺕ ) (Panelsﻭﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟـ Supportsﻭﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻷﺑﻌﺎﺩ ﺑﻴﻨﻪ ﻭﺑﻴﻦ ﺃﻗﺮﺏ ﻋﺎﻣﻮﺩ ﺃﻭ ﺣﺎﺋﻂ
ﺧﺮﺳﺎﻧﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻭﺭ Axis
ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ ﺑﻤﻘﻴﺎﺱ ) 1:50 = (Scaleﻓﻴﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ )ﺣﺠﻢ( ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟـ
Attributesﻭﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﻭﺭﺍﺕ ) 100 = (Multileadersﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻻﺕ ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ
ﺍﻟﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ ﺑﻤﻘﻴﺎﺱ ) 1:100 = (Scaleﻓﻴﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺎﺕ = 200
ﻗﺪ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺒﺎﻭﺭ ) (Sockets + E.Oﻭﺍﻟـ Cable Routingﻣﺠﻤﻌﺔ ﻣﻌﺎ
ﻓﻲ ﻣﻠﻒ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻭﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻳﺠﺐ ﻓﺼﻠﻬﻤﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬﻳﺔ
ﺃﻱ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺃﺳﺎﺳﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺗﻢ ﻋﻤﻠﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬﻳﺔ ﺳﻮﺍء ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺤﺬﻑ ﻳﺠﺐ
ﺃﻭﻻ ﺇﺭﺳﺎﻟﻪ ﻟﻼﺳﺘﺸﺎﺭﻱ ﻛـ (Request For Information) RFIﻻﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩﻩ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ
ﻳﺠﺐ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﻟـ Voltage Dropﻭ ﺍﻟـ Short Circuitﻟﻜﻞ ﻛﺎﺑﻞ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﺪء ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻣﺎﺕ
ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬﻳﺔ ﻭﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪﻧﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺃﻧﻨﺎ ﺣﺴﺒﻨﺎﻫﻢ ﻟﻤﻌﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﻭﺧﺼﻮﺻﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻐﺬﻱ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺎﺕ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﻲ
ﺍﻟﺠﺰء ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺹ ﺑﻌﻤﻞ Panel Board Schedulesﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬﻳﺔ ﻟـ Lighting & Power
-13ﺍﻟﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ:
ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﺠﺰء ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺹ ﺑﺎﻟـ Lighting & Powerﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ 32ﺇﻟﻰ 35
ﻳﺠﺐ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻭﺗﺴﻠﻴﻢ ﺭﺳﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬﻳﺔ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻟﺘﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺃﻱ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻼﺕ
ﻭﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻷﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻷﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﻟﺮﺳﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ )(Details
5- Blocks Replacing:
Copy Electrical Design Blocks
Replace Design Blocks With Shop Drawing Blocks
Quick Select Shop Drawing Block Then Change Layer and Scale
If Blocks Have Attributes Use AttSync Then Torient
Make False Ceiling Coordination for Fixtures or Electrical Outlets (E.O.)
6- Internal Wiring:
Copy Electrical Design and Make it Block
Create New Layers For Wiring
Connect Fixtures or Sockets By Polylines With Fillet
10- Presentation:
Put Pull Box and Cutting In Necessary Locations
Total Connected Power for Each Phase and For All Phases
Make Phase Balance
Connected Power and Demand Load Power (KVA) For Each Load Type
5- Blocks Replacing:
Copy Electrical Design Blocks (Panels – Disconnect Switches)
Replace Design Blocks With Shop Drawing Blocks
Quick Select Shop Drawing Block Then Change Layer and Scale
If Blocks Have Attributes Use AttSync Then Torient
6- Guide Lines:
Copy Trays from Design Drawing to Shop Drawing
Review each Cable Tray Type
Draw Guide Line for each Cable (Normal - Emergency)
Draw Cable Trays with Same Design Size
7- Sections:
Put Section Symbol in Every Tray Size Change
Draw Section for Tray
11- Presentation:
Avoid Text Overlapping
Put Mleader For Each Cable Tray and Align it
Put Mleader For Panels, Disconnect Switches and Conduits (Sleeves) Up or
Down To Another Floor
Make Dimension for Fixtures, Sockets, Switches, Pull Boxes, Junction Boxes
and Electrical Outlets
Make Legend for All Cable Trays Types and Accessories
ﺗﻢ ﺑﺤﻤﺪ ﷲ
ﻭﺻ ﱢﻞ ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻴﺪﻧﺎ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ