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Toyota Motor Corporation, Japanese Toyota Jidōsha KK, Japanese

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Muhammed Farsad

FIATMBAO57

Toyota Motor Corporation


Japanese corporation

Toyota Motor Corporation, Japanese Toyota Jidōsha KK, Japanese


parent company of the Toyota Group. It became the
largest automobile manufacturer in the world for the first time in 2008,
surpassing General Motors. Many of its about 1,000 subsidiary companies
and affiliates are involved in the production of automobiles, automobile parts,
and commercial and industrial vehicles. Headquarters are in Toyota City, an
industrial city east of Nagoya, Japan. In 1933 Toyoda Kiichiro founded what
later became the Toyota Motor Corporation as a division of the Toyoda
Automatic Loom Works, Ltd. (later Toyota Industries Corporation, now a
subsidiary), a Japanese manufacturer founded by his father, Toyoda Sakichi.
Its first production car, the Model AA sedan, was released in 1936. The
following year the division was incorporated as the Toyota Motor Company,
Ltd., headed by Kiichiro. (The company’s name was changed to Toyota, which
has a more pleasing sound in Japanese.) Toyota subsequently established
several related companies, including Toyoda Machine Works, Ltd. (1941), and
Toyota Auto Body, Ltd. (1945). During World War II the company suspended
production of passenger cars and concentrated on trucks. Faced with wrecked
facilities and a chaotic economy in the aftermath of World War II, the
company did not resume making passenger cars until 1947 with the
introduction of the Model SA.

By the 1950s Toyota’s automobile production factories were back in full


operation, and to gain competitiveness the company began a careful study of
American automobile manufacturers, owing to perceived U.S. technical and
economic superiority. Toyota executives toured the production facilities of
corporations, including the Ford Motor Company, to observe the latest
automobile manufacturing technology and in turn implemented it in their own
facilities, yielding a nearly immediate increase in efficiency. In 1957 Toyota
Motor Sales, U.S.A., Inc., was established, and the following year the company
released the Toyopet sedan, its first model to be marketed in the United
States; it was poorly received because of its high price and lack of horsepower.
The Land Cruiser, a 4 × 4 utility vehicle released in 1958, was more successful.
In 1965 the Toyopet, completely redesigned for American drivers, was re-
released as the Toyota Corona, marking the company’s first major success in
the United States.

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