Mendiola, A. - Chapter 6

The Contemporary World 1
Chapter 6 | The Global Divide
“Where globalization means, as it so often does, that the rich and

powerful now have new means to further enrich and empower
themselves at the cost of the poorer and weaker, we have a
responsibility to protest in the name of universal freedom.” –
Nelson Mandela
SUGGESTED TIME ALLOTMENT: 3 Hours
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
At the end of this lesson, you should be able to:

1. discuss the dimensions of Global Divide;
2. differentiate Global North and Global South; and
3. explain the competing perspectives on Global Divide.
ACTIVITY
“Endo", Globalization, and the South

(adapted from Quiñanola, & Fernandez, n.d.)
● "End all forms of contractualization". These protests express denunciation

of contractual labor as a form of employment practice in the Philippines.
"Endo", or end of contract, exists when employers hire workers and then
terminate their contracts after five months to avoid regularizing them.
According to the law, an employee who has been working for a company
for six months should be regularized unless the individual is not eligible to
be a regular employee. Endo is a labor flexibilization practice designed to
attract investors through cheap labor costs.
● Answer the following guide questions concisely (i.e. 100-200 words only
per item).
1. How has globalization influenced Endo practice?
2. In what way does Endo contribute to the Philippines’
underdevelopment?
1. The practice is colloquially referred to as "endo," which stands for "end-of-

contract." Because of the influence of globalization on Endo practice, the practice
has evolved into a deceptive marketing strategy, which has helped increase
manpower while also adding a layer of inefficiency to labor markets. The impact of
globalization on the Philippines' economic growth has become negative, and it is
no longer resulting in meeting the needs of workers. The end result is "uneven
development in the economy and its weak capacity to create stable jobs for a
growing population."
2. The Philippines' underdeveloped competition laws and economic policies impede
the country's ability to transition from a low growth trajectory to a higher, sustained, and
more inclusive growth trajectory consistent with high-performing emerging economies.
Endo, because it is a temporary employment contract, contributes to the negative
effects on the country's development. As a result, it has a negative impact on workers
because more people may be unemployed. Endo is robbing workers of their right to be
able to work without restriction, and Endo has deprived workers of proper privileges.
ASSESSMENT
Answer the following questions concisely (i.e. 100-200 words only
per item).
1. Discuss the concept of Global Divide and differentiate the Global North and
the Global South.
The term “Global Divide” refers to global disparities, particularly those that exist
between developed and developing countries. The Global North consists of
prosperous, industrialized, democratic capitalist countries such as the United States,
Canada, Western Europe, developed parts of Asia, Australia, and New Zealand. The
global south, on the other hand, primarily consists of developing countries such as
Asia, Africa, the Middle East and South Asia, and Latin America. The Global South
includes economically backward countries such as Africa, India, China, Brazil, and
Mexico, among others. The difference between these two is that the north
experiences a rampant acceleration of productivity, rapid acceleration of economic
growth, and, as a result, an increase in the standard of living, whereas the south
remains stagnant or occurs at a much slower rate. Both also vary in the availability of
natural resources, health and education levels, the nature of a country's economy and
industries, international trade and market access policies, the manner in which
countries are governed and international relations between countries, and conflict in
and between countries;
2. Which among the competing theories of Global Divide merit your favor?
Justify your stance.
In my opinion, the Dependency Theory is advantageous because it is accurate. It claims that
imperialism is the root cause of poverty. The Dependency Theory made a strong statement
that I completely agree with, stating that poor countries are not “undeveloped,” but
“underdeveloped” as a result of capitalists and the abuse of proper privilege for everyone,
especially workers. Capitalism has created inequity for all, and the number of people living in
poverty has increased as a result of capitalism. This theory has demonstrated that capitalism
has resulted in exploitation of all nations, market failure, and, worst of all, monopoly power.
REFERENCES
“About Human Development”. (n.d.). United Nations Development

Programme Human Development Reports. Retrieved from
http://hdr.undp.org/en/humandev
“Criticisms of Rostow’s Five Stages of Growth.” (2013). Retrieved from
https://developmenthinking.wordpress.com/2013/08/16/critisms-of-rostows
-five-stages-of-growth/
“Development”. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/
guides/zvp39j6/revision/1
“Import Substitution Industrialization”. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://en.wiki
pedia.org/wiki/Import_substitution_industrialization
“Reaganomics”. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Reaganomics
“The Rostow Model”. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.cleanpng.com/png-
rostows-stages-of-growth-development-theory-econom-6251421
“What is division between the Global North and Global South?”. (2018).
Retrieved from https://www.mapsofworld.com/answers/ regions/division-
global-north-global-south/#
“World-Systems Theory”. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.coursehero
.com/sg/introduction-to-sociology/world-systems-theory/
Fernandez, G. C., Purog, R. A., Betarmos, V. S., Dihayco-Garciano, M. P.,
& Garciano, J. R. (2018). The Contemporary World. Malabon City: Mutya
Publishing House, Inc.
Niskanen, W. A. (1992). "Reaganomics". In David R. Henderson (ed.).
Concise Encyclopedia of Economics (1st ed.). Library of Economics and
Liberty.
Otieno, M. O. (2019). What is the Global South? Retrieved from
https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/what-is-the-global-south.html
Quiñanola, A. G. & Fernandez, R. B. (n.d.). Globalization in the
Contemporary World: Post-Cold War Global Economy, Politics, and
Society. Cavite City: San Sebastian College – Recoletos de Cavite.
Rostow, W. W. (1999). The Stages of Economic Growth: A Non-
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Communist Manifesto. (3 ed.). New York: Cambridge University Press.
Royal Geographical Soceity. (n.d.). The Global North/South Divide.
Retrieved from https://www.rgs.org/CMSPages/GetFile.aspx?nodeguid
=9c1ce781-9117-4741-af0a-a6a8b75f32b4&lang=en-GB
Surbhi, S. (2015). Difference Between Developed Countries and
Developing Countries. Retrieved from https://keydifferences.com/differ
rence-between-developed-countries-and-developing-countries.html
Usman, B. A. (2017). What does the Third World mean? Retrieved from
https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/what-does-the-third-world-mean.html

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The Contemporary World 1

Chapter 6 | The Global Divide

“Where globalization means, as it so often does, that the rich and

SUGGESTED TIME ALLOTMENT: 3 Hours

At the end of this lesson, you should be able to:

“Endo", Globalization, and the South

● "End all forms of contractualization". These protests express denunciation

1. The practice is colloquially referred to as "endo," which stands for "end-of-

“About Human Development”. (n.d.). United Nations Development

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