‫اﺳﻼم ﻋﻠﯿﮑﻢ و رﺣﻢﺓ اﻟﻞﮦ و ﺑﺮﮐﺎتﮦ‬

  ‫ﺑﺴﻢ اﻟﻞﮦ اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ اﻟﺮﺣﯿﻢ‬
ARABIC : 
Day 1 : 
Types of Arabic : 
1. Street /slang.  
2. Standard /Proper (Fusha).  
3. The language of the ancient Arabs.  
Types of words in Arabic : 
1. ISM (‫)اﺳﻢ‬.  
2. FI'L(‫)ﻓﻌﻞ‬.  
3. HARF(‫)ﺣﺮف‬.  
ISM : 
Person, place, thing, idea, adjective, adverb & more.(e.g Muhammad.)  
FI'L : 
A word that happened in the past, present or future. i.e a word stuck in time.  
(e.g played)  
HARF : 
A word that has no meaning of its own until a word is added after it.  
(e.g on, under)  
Day 2: 
ISM : 
An Ism has four properties : 
1. Status(‫)إﻋﺮاب‬.  
2. Number (‫)ﻋﺪد‬.  
3. Gender (‫)ﺟﻨﺲ‬.  
4. Type (‫)ﻗﺴﻢ‬.  
STATUS : 
1.Forms: 
1. Raf'(‫)رﻓﻊ‬.  
2. Nasb(‫)ﻧﺼﺐ‬. 
3. Jarr(‫)ﺟﺮ‬. 

1
 Raf': 
It is the default status & status of doer in a sentence.  
Nasb:  
It is the detail of the Fi'l in a sentence.  
Jarr: 
It is the word after "of " in the English translation.  
2.How to tell status :  
● By ending sounds (u/un, a/an, i/in).  
● By ending combinations (look for them first).  
○ Dual combination (aani, ayni).  
○ Plural combination (oona, eena).  
○ Plural feminine combination (aatun, aatin).  
● Pronouns are crazy (they don't care about ending sound or 
combinations).  
Day 3:  
3.Light vs Heavy : 
1. Normally an ism is heavy. 
2. All ism can be made light : 
a. To make an ism light, either : 
i. remove the tanween.  
ii. remove the extra ‫ن‬.  
b. While removing the ‫ن‬, remove the extra ‫ ن‬not ​any ​ ‫ن‬.  
3. There are four reasons to make an ism light otherwise the ism is always 
heavy :  
a. Partly Flexible Isms.  
b. Mudaaf (‫)ﻣﻀﺎف‬.  
c. The one being called (‫)اﻟﻤﻨﺎدى‬ 
d. Absolute Categorical Negation.  
4. If there is an ‫ ال‬on an ism, then the question about light & heavy is 
irrelevant.   

2
 
4.Flexibility: 
● Full flexible : 
Isms that can show different forms in different forms of status. 
 
Raf'    ٌ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬
Nasb    ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪًا‬
Jarr   ‫ﻣﺤﻤ ٍﺪ‬
 
● Partly Flexible :  
Isms that can show only two forms in different forms of status. These 
include (non arab names, proper names of places,feminine names, unique 
masculine names).  
 
Raf'   ‫ﯾﻮﺳﻒ‬ُ
َ ‫ﯾﻮﺳ‬
Nasb     ‫ﻒ‬
Jarr   َ ‫ﯾﻮﺳ‬
 ‫ﻒ‬
 
● Non flexible : 
Isms that show only one form in all forms of status.These include (Isms 
ending with ‫ا‬،ٰ ‫ى‬, Ism Isharaah (singular and plural) ).  
 
Raf '   ٰ
‫ﻣﻮﺳﻰ‬
Nasb    ٰ
‫ﻣﻮﺳﻰ‬
Jarr    ٰ
‫ﻣﻮﺳﻰ‬
   

3
 
Day 4: 
NUMBER : 
1. Singular.  
2. Pair.  
3. Masculine plural (oo/oona, ee/eena) . 
4. Feminine plural (aatu/aatun, aati/aatin) . 
5. Plural because the arabs said so(‫ ﻗﺮن‬،‫ﻧﺎس‬،‫)ﻗﻮم‬. 
6. Broken plural: 
When the singular word is broken in plural version it is called broken plural . 
It is plural by meaning but have an ending ​sound. 
​e.g ‫ﻣﺴﺠﺪ ~<ﻣﺴﺎﺟﺪ‬ 
a. Human broken plural (can be treated as "she").  
b. Non human broken plural (must be treated as "she").  
GENDER : 
MASCULINE ​vs FEMININE  
1.Masculine : 
Masculine until proven feminine.  
1. Real : Masculine biological.  
2. Fake :Masculine in grammar.  
2. Feminine : 
1. Real :Feminine biological.  
2. Fake :Feminine in grammar.  
○ Many ​words ending with(ٰ‫ ى‬،‫آء‬،‫)ة‬.  
○ Broken plurals.  
○ Body parts in pairs.  
○ Feminine because the arabs said so.    

4
  
Day 5:  
TYPE : 
Common vs proper  
1.Common(‫ )ﻧﻜﺮه‬:  
Common is Default.  
2.Proper(‫ )ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻪ‬: 
● Isms with ‫ال‬.  
● Proper names.  
● The one being called.  
● Pronoun.  
● Ism Isharaah.  
● Ism Mowsool  
● Mudaf if Mudaf ilaih is proper.  
HARF OF JARR : 
They are the Harfs that make the adjacent ism jarr.  
   ‫ب ت ك ل و‬
   ْ‫ﻰ ﻋَﻦ‬
ْ ‫ِﻣﻦْ ِﻓ‬
‫ٰ ﺣَﺘﱠﻰ إِﻟﻰ‬
  ٰ ‫ﻋَﻠَﻰ‬
● The harf of jarr & ism should be adjacent. 
● They can never be Mudaf,even though they make the next ism jarr.  
HARF OF NASB : 
They are the Harfs that make the ism nasb.  
  ‫اِنﱠ اَنﱠ ﻛَﺎَنﱠ ِﺑﺎَنﱠ‬
 ‫ﺖ ﻟَِﻜﻦﱠ ﻟَﻌَﻞﱠ‬َ ْ‫ﻟَﯿ‬
● The harf of nasb & ism can be far away from each other.  
 
 
 
 
 
 

5
 PRONOUNS  
● Independent pronouns are ​always ​Raf'.  
● Attached pronouns can be nasb or jarr: 
○ Nasb when attached to : 
i. Harf of nasb ​OR ​Fi'l 
○ Jarr when attached to: 
i. Harf of jarr ​OR ​Ism  
Raf They  Raf "both of them"   Raf He    
  ْ‫ﻫُﻢ‬   ‫ﻫُﻤَﺎ‬   َ‫ﻫُﻮ‬  
 
Nasb/Jarr  Nasb/Jarr   Nasb/Jarr 
 
  ْ‫ ِﻫﻢ‬or ْ‫ﻫُﻢ‬   ‫ ِﻫﻤَﺎ‬or ‫ﻫُﻤَﺎ‬  ‫ ِه‬or ُ‫ه‬
3rd 
Raf They(f)   Raf "both of them"(f)  Raf She  Person  
  ‫ﻫُﻦﱠ‬   ‫ﻫُﻤَﺎ‬  َ‫ِﻫﻲ‬ Pronoun  

Nasb/Jarr   Nasb/Jarr  Nasb/Jarr 

 ‫ ِﻫﻦﱠ‬or ‫ﻫُﻦﱠ‬  ‫ ِﻫﻤَﺎ‬or ‫ﻫُﻤَﺎ‬   ‫ﻫَﺎ‬
Raf You(m.Pl)   Raf "both of you"   Raf You(m)    
 ْ‫أَﻧْﺘُﻢ‬   ‫أَﻧْﺘُﻤَﺎ‬ َ ْ‫أَﻧ‬
  ‫ﺖ‬  
 
Nasb/Jarr  Nasb /Jarr   Nasb/Jarr 
 
  ‫ﻛُﻢ‬   ‫ﻛُﻤَﺎ‬  َ‫ك‬
 
Raf You(f.Pl)  Raf "both of you" (f)   Raf You(f)   2nd  
 ‫أَﻧْﺘُﻦﱠ‬  ‫أَﻧْﺘُﻤَﺎ‬  ‫أَﻧْ ِﺖ‬ Person  
Pronoun  
Nasb /Jarr   Nasb/Jarr   Nasb/Jarr 
 ‫ﻛُﻦﱠ‬  ‫ﻛُﻤَﺎ‬  ‫ِك‬
Raf We   Raf I    
 ُ‫ﻧَﺤْﻦ‬  ‫أَﻧَﺎ‬ 1st  
Person  
Nasb /Jarr    Jarr ‫ي‬
ْ Pronoun  
 ‫ﻧَﺎ‬  Nasb ‫ﻧِﻲ‬
 

6
  
FRAGMENTS.  
Fragments  
Fragments are bigger than word and smaller than sentences. There are 5 
major fragments.  
1.IDAFAH : 
● It is the combination of two isms namely ‫ﻣﻀﺎف & ﻣﻀﺎف اﻟﯿﻪ‬.  
● In translation usually there is an "of" inbetween them. 
● They are adjacent to each other.  
● The type of Mudaf is the same as Mudaf ilaih.  
● The four properties of idafah are dominated by Mudaf.  
Mudaf recognition : 
It is the word before "of" in translation.  
1. It should be light.  
2. It should ​not​ have ‫ال‬.  
Mudaf ilaih : 
It is the word after "of" in translation.  
1. It should be in ​JARR ​status.  
Example : ِ‫ﺳﺒﯿﻞ اﷲ‬ 
>​Special Mudafs : 
● They are always mudaf.  
● Usually do not give "of" in translation.  
● When special mudafs are deprived of their mudaf ilaih they are stuck in ​raf 
form. e.g ُ‫اﻟﻤﻐﺮب← ​ ﺑﻌﺪ‬
ِ َ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬   

7
  
Day 6 : 
2.JAARR MAJROOR : 
● The combination of Harf of jarr and ism is called Jaarr Majroor.  
● They are adjacent to each other.  
Example :‫ﺳﺒﯿﻞ‬
ِ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ 
3.INNA & ISMU INNA : 
● The combination of Harf of nasb and ism is called Inna & ismu inna.  
● They can be far away from each other.  
Exa l َ:‫إَنﱠ اﻹﻧﺴﺎن‬  
*the name inna can be replaced by any other name of Harf of nasb such as 
Anna & ismu Anna.  
Day 7 : 
4.MAWSOOF & SIFAH : 
● It is the combination of isms in which one or more than one ism is 
modifying another ism.  
● All four properties must match of mowsoof and sifah.  
● The first ism is Mowsoof and later is/are sifah.  
● The Mowsoof and Sifah can be far away from each other.  
*Mowsoof :the ism being modified.  
Sifah :the ism that is modifying.   
Example : ُ‫ب اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ‬
‫اﻟﺮ ﱡ‬  
Day 8 : 
ISM ISHARAAH : 
● These are the pointing words.  
● In translation,  
○ If ism isharaah is followed by any word other than ‫ ال‬then there is 
an "is".  
○ If ism isharrah is followed by ‫ ال‬then there is no "is".  
● The word which follows the ism isharrah having ‫ ال‬is called musharun ilaih.  
● All four properties of Ism Isharaah & Musharun ilaih must be same.    

8
  
Gender   Plural   Pair   Singular  
Masculine   ‫ٰهَؤُ َﻵ ِء‬ ِ َ‫ﻫَﺬ‬
 ‫ان‬  ‫ﻫَﺬَا‬
Near   These  These two (m)   This  

Masculine    َ‫أُوْٰلَِﺋﻚ‬  َ‫ذَا ِﻧﻚ‬  َ‫َٰﻟِﻚ‬

‫ذ‬
Far  Those   Those two(m)   That 
Feminine    ‫ٰهَؤُ َﻵ ِء‬ ِ َ‫ٰﺗ‬
 ‫ﺎن‬ َ‫ه‬  ‫ﻫَِﺬ ِه‬
Near   These (f)   These two (f)   This /these (f)  
Feminine    َ‫أُوْٰلَِﺋﻚ‬   َ‫ﺗَﺎ ِﻧﻚ‬  َ‫ﺗِﻠْﻚ‬
Far  Those (f)   Those two (f)   That /those (f)  
5. ISMUL ISHARAAH & MUSHARUN ILAIH : 
● The word after Ismul Isharaah must have ‫ ال‬to be musharun ilaih.  
● All four properties of Ism Isharaah & Musharun ilaih must match.  
● The Ismul Isharaah & Musharun ilaih must be adjacent.  
*even though all four properties of Ism Isharaah & Musharun ilaih match they 
are ​ not​ mowsoof sifah.  
"RECAP"  
5 Fragments : 
1. Idafah.  
2. Jaarr Majroor.  
3. Inna & Ismu Inna.  
4. Mawsoof & Sifah.  
5. Ismul Isharaah & Musharun ilaih. 
Ism sentences : 
"finding the invisible" is"" 
● Independent pronouns are usually followed by an" is".  
● There is an "is" inbetween proper following common.  
● Harf of nasb and its victim ism is usually followed by an "is".  
● There is an "is" inbetween Ismul Isharaah following a word without ‫آل‬.  
● There is an "is" between a break in a chain.  

9
 
 
Day 9 : 
FI'L  
 
Fi'l :  
A word stuck in time is called Fi'l.  
Past tense(‫ )ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺿﻲ‬: 
 
Plural   Pair   Singular    
They helped ْ‫ﻫُﻢ‬  They(2)helped. ‫ﻫُﻤَﺎ‬  He helped. َ‫ﻫُﻮ‬  3rd  
Person  
َ َ‫ﻧ‬
 ‫ﺼﺮُوْا‬ َ َ‫ﻧ‬
 ‫ﺼﺮَا‬ َ َ‫ﻧ‬
 َ‫ﺼﺮ‬ Masculine  
They(f)helped. ‫ﻫُﻦﱠ‬  They(2f)helped. ‫ﻫُﻤَﺎ‬  She helped. َ‫ﻫﻲ‬ 
ِ 3rd  
Person  
َ َ‫ﻧ‬
 َ‫ﺼﺮْن‬  ‫ﺼﺮَﺗَﺎ‬
َ َ‫ﻧ‬ ْ َ‫ﺼﺮ‬
 ‫ت‬ َ َ‫ﻧ‬ Feminine  
You all helped. ْ‫أَﻧْﺘُﻢ‬  You(2)helped. ‫أَﻧْﺘُﻤَﺎ‬  You helped. َ ْ‫أَﻧ‬ 
‫ﺖ‬ 2nd  
Person  
 ْ‫ﺼﺮْﺗُﻢ‬
َ َ‫ﻧ‬  ‫ﺼﺮْﺗُﻤَﺎ‬
َ َ‫ﻧ‬ َ ْ‫ﺼﺮ‬
 ‫ت‬ َ َ‫ﻧ‬ Masculine  
You(f.Pl)helped. ‫أَﻧْﺘُﻦﱠ‬  You(2f)helped. ‫أَﻧْﺘُﻤَﺎ‬  Yuo(f) helped. ‫أَﻧْ ِﺖ‬  2nd  
Person  
 ‫ﺼﺮْﺗُﻦﱠ‬
َ َ‫ﻧ‬  ‫ﺼﺮْﺗُﻤَﺎ‬
َ َ‫ﻧ‬  ‫ْت‬ َ َ‫ﻧ‬
ِ ‫ﺼﺮ‬ Feminine  
We helped. ُ‫ﻧَﺤْﻦ‬   I helped. ‫أَﻧَﺎ‬  1st  
Person  
 ‫ﺼﺮْﻧَﺎ‬
َ َ‫ﻧ‬ ُ ْ‫ﺼﺮ‬
 ‫ت‬ َ َ‫ﻧ‬
 
*when a pronoun is attached with ْ‫ أَﻧْﺘُﻢ‬version of ‫ ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺿﻲ‬the ‫ ﻓﻌﻞ‬takes ْ‫ﺼﺮْﺗُﻤُﻮ‬
َ َ‫ﻧ‬ 
from and then comes the pronoun: ‫ﺼﺮْﺗُﻤُﻮْﻫَﺎ‬َ َ‫ﻧ‬.  
 
 

10
 
Present & future tense(‫ )ﻣﻀﺎرع‬: 
 
Plural   Pair   Singular    
They help. ْ‫ﻫُﻢ‬   They(2)help. ‫ﻫُﻤَﺎ‬   He helps. َ‫ﻫُﻮ‬   3rd  
Person  
ُ ْ‫ﯾَﻨ‬
 َ‫ﺼﺮُوْن‬  ‫ان‬ ُ ْ‫ﯾَﻨ‬
ِ َ‫ﺼﺮ‬ ُ ْ‫ﯾَﻨ‬
  ُ‫ﺼﺮ‬ Masculine  
They(f)help. ‫ﻫُﻦﱠ‬  They(2f)help. ‫ﻫُﻤَﺎ‬   She helps. َ‫ﻫﻲ‬  
ِ 3rd  
Person  
ُ ْ‫ﯾَﻨ‬
 َ‫ﺼﺮْن‬  ‫ان‬ ُ ْ‫ﺗَﻨ‬
ِ َ‫ﺼﺮ‬ ُ ْ‫ﺗَﻨ‬
 ُ‫ﺼﺮ‬ Feminine  
You all help. ْ‫أَﻧْﺘُﻢ‬  You(2)help. ‫أَﻧْﺘُﻤَﺎ‬   You help. َ ْ‫أَﻧ‬  
‫ﺖ‬ 2nd  
Person  
ُ ْ‫ﺗَﻨ‬
 َ‫ﺼﺮُوْن‬  ‫ان‬ ُ ْ‫ﺗَﻨ‬
ِ َ‫ﺼﺮ‬ ُ ْ‫ﺗَﻨ‬
 ُ‫ﺼﺮ‬ Masculine  
You all(f) help. ‫أَﻧْﺘُﻦﱠ‬    You(2f)help. ‫أَﻧْﺘُﻤَﺎ‬   You(f) help. ‫أَﻧْ ِﺖ‬   2nd  
Person  
   ‫ان‬ ُ ْ‫ﺗَﻨ‬
ِ َ‫ﺼﺮ‬ ُ ْ‫ﺗَﻨ‬
 َ‫ﺼ ِﺮﯾْﻦ‬ Feminine  
We help. ُ‫ﻧَﺤْﻦ‬   I help. ‫أَﻧَﺎ‬   1st  
Person  
ُ ْ‫ﻧَﻨ‬
 ُ‫ﺼﺮ‬ ُ ْ‫أَﻧ‬
 ُ‫ﺼﺮ‬
 
Shortcut to recognise the version of ‫ ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎرع‬: 
You(m).   ُ or ‫ت‬
 ‫ت‬ َ .٧ I.   ُ‫أ‬or َ‫أ‬.١
Both of you.    ‫ان‬+‫ت‬
ِ .٨ We.    ُ‫ن‬or َ‫ ن‬.٢
You all.    َ‫وْن‬+‫ ت‬.٩ He.    ‫ي‬
ُ or ‫ي‬
َ .٣
You all ladies.    َ‫ن‬+‫ ت‬.١٠ Both of them.    ‫ان‬+‫ي‬.٤
ِ
She.   ُ or ‫ت‬
 ‫ت‬ َ .١١ They.    َ‫وْن‬+‫ي‬.٥
You(f).    َ‫ﯾْﻦ‬+‫ت‬.١٢ Them ladies.    َ‫ن‬+‫ي‬.٦
 

11
  
Day 10 : 
Pronouns attached to fi'ls: 
➢ Pronouns attached to Fi'ls are nasb. (because they are detail).  
Example :how to translate a pronoun attached with Fi'l.  
َ َ‫"ﻧ‬ 
" ‫ﺼﺮَﻫَﺎ‬
➢ First identify the attached pronoun. ‫(ﻫَﺎ‬she).  
➢ Ignore it. َ‫ﺼﺮ‬ َ َ‫ﻧ‬.  
➢ Translate the ‫ ﻓﻌﻞ‬that the pronoun is attached to. ​He helped.  
➢ Combine the translation of Fi'l and attached pronoun. ​He helped her.  
○ Remember the translation of attached pronoun must be a detail.  
*​Attached pronoun can never be a doer.  
Outside doer: 
A Fi'l can also have an outside doer.  
➢ Outside doer is always in ​Raf' ​from.  
➢ It is always ​After ​the fi'l,but no necessary right after.  
➢ An outside doer removes the inside doer. But it can only remove the inside 
doer of ​ َ‫​ ﻫُﻮَ & ِ​ﻫﻲ‬version of fi'l.  
Example : 
١).ٌ‫ﺼﺮُ ﺣﺎﻣِﺪ‬ ُ ْ‫ﯾَﻨ‬   
Hamid helps.  
   ٢) .َ‫اِﺳْﺘَﻐْﻔَﺮَ ﻣُﺴْﻠِﻤُﻮْن‬
​Muslims sought forgiveness.  
 
Light Harf : 
● Light Harf make the ‫( ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎرع‬Present & future tense) light.  
ْ َ‫أَنْ ﻟَﻦْ ﻟِﻜ‬
 ‫ﻲ إِذَنْ ﺣَﺘﱠﻰ‬
Processes:  
A ‫ ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎرع‬is made light by,  
1. Changing the ending ​Duma ​into ​Fatha​. (e.g َ‫ﺼﺮ‬ ُ ْ‫ﺼﺮُ ← ​ﯾَﻨ‬ُ ْ‫)​ ﯾَﻨ‬  
2. Removing the ​extra ‫ن‬. (e.g ‫ﺼﺮُوْا‬ ُ ْ‫ﺼﺮُوْنَ←​ ​ﯾَﻨ‬
ُ ْ‫)ﯾَﻨ‬  
3. The feminine plural ​remains the same​.(e.g َ‫ﺼﺮْن‬ ُ ْ‫ﺼﺮْنَ ← ​ﯾَﻨ‬ُ ْ‫)​ ﯾَﻨ‬  

12
 
Lightest Harf : 
● Lightest Harf make the ‫( ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎرع‬Present & future tense) lightest.  
   ‫إِنْ ﻟَﻢْ ﻟَﻤﱠﺎ وَلْ ﻓَﻞْ ِل‬
Processes : 
A ‫ ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎرع‬is made lightest by,  
1. Changing the ending ​Duma ​into ​sukoon ​. (e.g ْ‫ﺼﺮ‬ ُ ْ‫ﺼﺮُ ←​ ﯾَﻨ‬ُ ْ‫)ﯾَﻨ‬  
2. Removing the ​extra​ ‫ن‬. (e.g ‫ﺼﺮُوْا‬ ُ ْ‫ﺼﺮُوْنَ ←​ ﯾَﻨ‬
ُ ْ‫)ﯾَﻨ‬ 
3. The feminine plural ​remains the same ​.(e.g َ‫ﺼﺮْن‬ ُ ْ‫ﺼﺮْنَ ←​ ﯾَﻨ‬ُ ْ‫) ﯾَﻨ‬  
 
*Normally a ‫ ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎرع‬should be normal ( having Duma or ‫ ن‬ending)  
 
Commanding and forbidding: 
➢ Commands are made using 2nd person ‫ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎرع‬.  
➢ It is easier to forbid than command.  
➢ A grammatical command is not always a command it can be request, 
suggestion etc.  
Forbidding : 
⇒ ‫ﻻ‬+ lightest 2nd person ‫ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎرع‬  
Processes: 
2nd person ‫→ ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎرع‬make it lightest →put ‫ ال‬in beginning.  
Commanding : 
1. Start with 2nd person ‫ ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎرع‬and make it lightest.  
2. Remove the ​first ‫​ ت‬.  
3. If the remaining word is readable, you have your command.  
4. If the remaining word is not readable add an ‫ا‬,Put Harakah on helper ‫ ا‬: 
a. If the second last letter in َ‫​ ﻫُﻮ‬version has ​Duma ​then helper" ‫ "ا‬has 
a ​Duma ​.  
b. Otherwise (if the 2nd last letter has Fatha or kasra) the helper ‫ا‬ 
has ​kasra.  
⇒ 2nd person ‫ → ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎرع‬make it lightest →remove first ‫→ ت‬if readable 
leave as it is →​IF NOT →​ add ‫ ا‬with appropriate Harakah.  

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