128892b - VSAT700 User Manual
128892b - VSAT700 User Manual
128892b - VSAT700 User Manual
Serial Numbers
ADU
ACU
VMU
The ADU (antenna), ACU (Antenna Control Unit) and VMU (VSAT
Modem Unit) are supplied by KVH Industries as OEM products
IP Handset
(TracPhone V7 antenna, TracPhone V7 Control Unit and TracPhone V7
Modem).
The IP Handset is manufactured by Thrane & Thrane.
Disclaimer
Every effort has been made to ensure the correctness and completeness of the material in this document. No
company shall be liable for errors contained herein. The information in this document is subject to change
without notice. No warranty of any kind is made with regard to this material, including, but not limited to, the
implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose.
CE Declaration of Conformity
The undersigned declares that the following equipment complies with the specifications of EMC Directive
1999/5/EC Radio & Telecommunications Equipment. The general safety requirements in EMC Directive
2006/95/EC have not been tested.
Equipment Applicability
The TracPhone V7 system provides broadband Internet connectivity and voice services between a ship
and any destination in the world. The equipment is intended to be used on non-SOLAS vessels outside of
GMDSS.
Manufacturer
KVH Industries, Inc.
50 Enterprise Center
Middletown, RI 02842 USA
Authority
Table of Contents
1 Introduction
Using this Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Important Safety Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
System Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2 Operation
Satellite Communication Basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Turning On the System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
System Startup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
Using the mini-VSAT Broadband Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
Using the VoIP Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
3 Configuration
Adjusting the ACU Display Brightness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
Configuring RF Radiation Hazard Zones. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Setting DVB-Assist Search Mode On/Off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Resetting the System to Factory Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Configuring Your Computer for mini-VSAT Broadband. . . . . . . . . . .31
Configuring the Thrane IP Handset for SAILOR 700 . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
4 Troubleshooting
Five Simple Checks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Control Unit (ACU) Status Lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Modem (VMU) Status Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Error Messages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
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Table of Contents
A Wiring Diagram
Wiring Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
C Glossary
Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
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Chapter 1 - Introduction
1. Introduction
This chapter provides a basic overview of this manual and your
SAILOR 700 VSAT system. It also provides important safety information
you need to know before using the product.
Contents
Using this Manual .............................................................3
Important Safety Information............................................ 5
System Overview............................................................... 6
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SAILOR 700 VSAT User Manual
Chapter 1 - Introduction
Icon Description
Icon
Description
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SAILOR 700 VSAT User Manual
Chapter 1 - Introduction
Typographical Conventions
This manual uses the following typographical conventions:
Press MENUS to view the Both the icon and the name of the button
menu are provided
Related Documentation
In addition to this User Manual, the following documents are provided with your
SAILOR 700 VSAT system:
Document Description
ADU Mounting Template Template that the installer uses to lay out
the ADU mounting holes
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Chapter 1 - Introduction
ADU
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SAILOR 700 VSAT User Manual
Chapter 1 - Introduction
System Overview
Your SAILOR 700 VSAT is a complete mini-VSAT Broadband communications system
for mariners on the move. Using cutting-edge spread spectrum technology, which
was previously only available to the military and corporate jets, the
SAILOR 700 VSAT delivers a seamless and consistent Internet experience. And it all
comes with an ADU that is 85% smaller and 75% lighter than traditional VSAT
antennas.
As shown in the basic diagram below, the system consists of an antenna system
(ADU), control unit (ACU), and modem (VMU) that connect to a land-based hub via
a Ku-band satellite. The hub then provides the Internet link, as managed by the
Network Operations Center. A brief description of each system component is
provided on the following page. A detailed wiring diagram is provided in “Wiring
Diagram” on page 67.
Figure 1-2 SAILOR 700 VSAT mini-VSAT Network Diagram
ADU
ACU &
VMU
Switch Thrane
IP Handset
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Chapter 1 - Introduction
System Components
The SAILOR 700 VSAT system includes the following components:
The ADU provides the satellite link between the
onboard modem and the land-based hub. Using
its integrated GPS, advanced reflector technology,
and gyro stabilization, the ADU automatically
locates and tracks the correct satellite, even while
your vessel is on the move.
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Chapter 1 - Introduction
Service Activation
Before you can start using the SAILOR 700 VSAT, you need to activate the system
for mini-VSAT Broadband service. To activate, simply fill out the Activation Form
provided with your system. Then fax the completed form to Thrane & Thrane at the
following number:
Once Thrane & Thrane processes the form, a representative will call you to confirm
your system is activated and ready for use.
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Chapter 2 - Operation
2. Operation
This chapter explains how to turn on and use the SAILOR 700 VSAT
system. It also explains how to interpret the startup screens.
Contents
Satellite Communication Basics ........................................ 11
Turning On the System .................................................... 12
System Startup ................................................................ 13
Using the mini-VSAT Broadband Service ......................... 14
Using the VoIP Service..................................................... 15
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Chapter 2 - Operation
Equator
In addition, since satellites are located 22,300 miles (35,900 km) above the
equator, the SAILOR 700 VSAT ADU must have a clear view of the sky to transmit
and receive signals.
IMPORTANT!
Anything that stands between the ADU and the satellite can block signals,
resulting in lost data. Common causes of blockage include the ship’s funnel,
masts, trees, buildings, and bridges. Heavy rain, ice, or snow may also
temporarily interrupt reception.
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Chapter 2 - Operation
CAUTION
The ADU transmits RF energy
that is potentially harmful.
Everyone must stay more than 36
feet (11 m) away from the ADU
within its 5°-80° elevation
range. No hazard exists directly
above the ADU and anywhere
below its mounting plane.
ADU
2. Make sure power is applied to the VMU, ACU, switch and computer(s).
3. Press the power button on the VMU. The button’s light should illuminate
green.
Figure 2-2 VMU Front Panel Power Switch
4. Press the power button on the ACU. The button’s light should illuminate
green. The ACU supplies power to the ADU.
Figure 2-3 ACU Front Panel Power Switch
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Chapter 2 - Operation
System Startup
The ACU shows the following screens during startup. If the display shows an error
message, see “Error Messages” on page 47.
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Chapter 2 - Operation
IMPORTANT!
Certain applications, such as continuous streaming video, web cams, and
high-speed gaming, are not supported by fixed-rate service plans. For details,
be sure to read all of the General Terms and Conditions for SAILOR VSAT.
NOTE: The system must be activated before you can use it. See “Service Activation”
on page 8 for details.
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SAILOR 700 VSAT User Manual
Chapter 2 - Operation
2. Make sure the cradle for the IP handset is connected to one of the PoE
connectors on the Ethernet switch.
If the handset is already configured and the system is powered, your handset
should now be ready for use.
Check the display of the handset. When the display shows this icon in the top
right corner, the handset is ready for making or receiving calls.
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Chapter 2 - Operation
2. Have the mobile number of the SAILOR 700 VSAT system ready and follow
the instructions from the switchboard.
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Chapter 3 - Configuration
3. Configuration
This chapter explains how to change the brightness of the ACU’s display, set up an RF
radiation hazard zone, turn the DVB-Assist search mode on or off, and reset the system to
its factory configuration. It also explains how to configure your computer for a wired
Ethernet connection to the SAILOR 700 VSAT system. For details on setting up a wireless
network, refer to the instructions provided with your wireless access point (purchased
separately).
Contents
Adjusting the ACU Display Brightness.............................. 19
Configuring RF Radiation Hazard Zones ..........................20
Setting DVB-Assist Search Mode On/Off...........................27
Resetting the System to Factory Conditions......................29
Configuring Your Computer for mini-VSAT Broadband..... 31
Configuring the Thrane IP Handset for SAILOR 700..........39
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Chapter 3 - Configuration
CONFIGURATION
NEXT MENU ACCEPT
2. Press ACCEPT.
BRIGHTNESS= HIGH
NEXT ITEM CHANGE
3. Press CHANGE until the display shows the desired brightness setting:
HIGH, MEDIUM, or LOW.
BRIGHTNESS= MEDIUM?
CHANGE ACCEPT
4. Press ACCEPT.
BRIGHTNESS= MEDIUM
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Chapter 3 - Configuration
RF RADIATION HAZARD!
TRANSMIT INHIBITED
Once the ADU points outside the hazard zone, transmission capability will be
restored.
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Chapter 3 - Configuration
RF Radiation
Hazard Zone
(Example)
Beginning 335 025 Ending
Azimuth 000 Azimuth
225 135
180
CONFIGURATION
NEXT MENU ACCEPT
3. Press ACCEPT.
BRIGHTNESS= HIGH
NEXT ITEM CHANGE
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Chapter 3 - Configuration
5. Press CHANGE until the display shows “SET HAZARD ZONE = YES.”
6. Press ACCEPT.
ZONE 1= 000-000
NEXT ITEM CHANGE
ZONE 1= 000-000
CHANGE ACCEPT
8. Press CHANGE until the number is set to the first digit of the beginning
azimuth for zone #1. If the azimuth value is less than 100°, set the first digit
to zero.
9. Press ACCEPT. The cursor moves to the next number.
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Chapter 3 - Configuration
ZONE 1= 300-000
CHANGE ACCEPT
10. Repeat steps 8 and 9 to set the remaining digits of the range of azimuths
for zone #1. Once you have set the entire range, the cursor disappears
from the display.
ZONE 1= 335-025?
CHANGE ACCEPT
11. Press ACCEPT. The display shows the current azimuth range for RF
radiation hazard zone #2.
ZONE 2= 000-000
NEXT ITEM CHANGE
12. If you wish to set up a second RF radiation hazard zone, repeat steps 7-11.
(Be sure the second zone does not overlap the first.) Otherwise, press
MENUS. The display shows the current setting for Transmit Inhibition
(“XMT IN ZONES”).
IMPORTANT!
Make sure “XMT IN ZONES” is set to NO, so the ADU will not transmit
whenever it points within one of your configured RF radiation hazard
zones. If “XMT IN ZONES” is set to YES, the zones are disabled,
allowing the ADU to transmit within them.
XMT IN ZONES= NO
NEXT ITEM CHANGE
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Chapter 3 - Configuration
13. If the display shows “XMT IN ZONES = YES,” press CHANGE until the
display shows “XMT IN ZONES = NO.” Then press ACCEPT.
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Chapter 3 - Configuration
CAUTION
Disabling RF radiation hazard zones allows the ADU to transmit in any direction,
even if the ADU is pointing in an area accessible to passengers and crew. Make
certain that everyone stays a minimum safe distance away from the ADU before
you transmit. Also be sure to return to this menu and restore the hazard zones
when you are done transmitting.
NOTE: You can view the currently programmed hazard zones in the ACU’s Antenna
Status menu (see “Antenna Status Information” on page 61).
1. Press MENUS until the display shows “CONFIGURATION.”
CONFIGURATION
NEXT MENU ACCEPT
2. Press ACCEPT.
BRIGHTNESS= HIGH
NEXT ITEM CHANGE
4. Press CHANGE until the display shows “SET HAZARD ZONE = YES.”
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5. Press ACCEPT.
ZONE 1= 335-025
NEXT ITEM CHANGE
XMT IN ZONES= NO
NEXT ITEM CHANGE
8. Press ACCEPT.
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Chapter 3 - Configuration
IMPORTANT!
The ADU performs best with the DVB-Assist search mode enabled. Do not turn
it off unless the ADU cannot find the DVB-Assist satellite.
Follow the steps below to set the DVB-Assist search mode On or Off.
1. Press MENUS until the display shows “CONFIGURATION.”
CONFIGURATION
NEXT MENU ACCEPT
2. Press ACCEPT.
BRIGHTNESS= HIGH
NEXT ITEM CHANGE
DVB ASSIST= ON
NEXT ITEM CHANGE
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Chapter 3 - Configuration
4. Press CHANGE until the display shows the desired DVB-Assist setting:
ON or OFF.
5. Press ACCEPT.
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Chapter 3 - Configuration
CAUTION
Resetting the system clears all RF radiation hazard zones. The ADU will be able
to transmit in any direction until you reprogram the hazard zones into the ADU.
CONFIGURATION
NEXT MENU ACCEPT
2. Press ACCEPT.
BRIGHTNESS= HIGH
NEXT ITEM CHANGE
FACTORY RESET= NO
NEXT ITEM CHANGE
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5. Press ACCEPT.
RESET TO FACTORY?
ACCEPT EXIT
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Chapter 3 - Configuration
IMPORTANT!
When setting up a wireless network, be sure to apply security settings, such as
encryption, to protect your network from outside intrusion. If your network is
not secure, outsiders within range of your wireless network will be able to use
your wireless connection without your knowledge.
NOTE: Thrane & Thrane Technical Support fully supports the three operating
systems described here: Windows Vista™, Windows XP, and Macintosh® OS X.
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Chapter 3 - Configuration
Windows Vista
Follow the steps below to configure a Windows Vista computer.
1. At the Windows Control Panel, double-click the Network and Sharing
Center icon. You can find the Control Panel either through the Start menu
or “My Computer.”
2. At the Network and Sharing Center window, double-click the View Status
link for the Ethernet connection you are using for mini-VSAT Broadband.
3. At the Local Area Connection Status window, click Properties. If this screen
doesn’t appear, just skip to Step 4.
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Chapter 3 - Configuration
Windows XP
Follow the steps below to configure a Windows XP computer.
1. At the Windows Control Panel, double-click the Network Connections
icon. You can find the Control Panel either through the Start menu or “My
Computer.”
2. At the Network Connections window, double-click the Local Area
Connection icon for the Ethernet connection you are using for mini-VSAT
Broadband.
3. At the Local Area Connection Status window, select the General tab. Then
click the Properties button. If this screen doesn’t appear, simply skip to
Step 4.
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Chapter 3 - Configuration
4. At the Local Area Connection Properties window, select the General tab.
Then select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) and click Properties.
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Chapter 3 - Configuration
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Chapter 3 - Configuration
Mac OS X
Follow the steps below to configure a Mac OS X computer.
1. At System Preferences, click the Network icon.
2. At the Network window, select the following:
• Show: Built-in Ethernet
• Configure: Using DHCP
• Leave all text boxes blank.
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Chapter 3 - Configuration
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Chapter 3 - Configuration
The Thrane IP Handset is now configured to use the voice channel on the
SAILOR 700 VSAT system.
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Chapter 4 - Troubleshooting
4. Troubleshooting
This chapter identifies basic problems along with their possible causes
and solutions. It also explains what the status lights indicate, how to use
the diagnostic functions, and how to get technical support.
Contents
Five Simple Checks ..........................................................43
Control Unit (ACU) Status Lights ......................................44
Modem (VMU) Status Light ..............................................46
Error Messages................................................................47
Troubleshooting a VoIP Service Problem .........................50
Viewing Status Information on Your Web Browser...........52
Viewing Status Information on the ACU ...........................58
Calibrating the ADU Gyros ...............................................64
Technical Support............................................................66
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Chapter 4 - Troubleshooting
If you can’t connect via a wireless network, does a wired connection work?
If you have a wireless network onboard, but you are unable to connect to the
Internet while the SAILOR 700 VSAT system is online, connect your computer
directly to the switch via a straight-through (not crossover) Ethernet cable, then
restart your computer. If you can then access the Internet, there is a problem with
your wireless network.
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Chapter 4 - Troubleshooting
During normal operation, all three status lights should be lit green. The following
tables explain what the different light conditions indicate.
Orange Bad power Bad power supply circuit inside the ACU
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Chapter 4 - Troubleshooting
ANTENNA Light
The table below explains what the ANTENNA light indicates.
MODEM Light
The table below explains what the MODEM light indicates.
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Chapter 4 - Troubleshooting
During normal operation, the status light should be lit green. The following table
explains what the different light conditions indicate.
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Chapter 4 - Troubleshooting
Error Messages
The table below lists error messages that might appear on the ACU display to
indicate a system problem. Many of these faults should only be repaired by a
Thrane & Thrane-authorized technician. For details on finding a Thrane & Thrane-
authorized technician, see “Technical Support” on page 66.
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Problem Remedies
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Problem Remedies
The handset display shows the • Check that a new SAILOR SIP
following error message: profile for the SAILOR 700 VoIP
service is created and selected
instead of the BGAN profile.
(Select SIP from the handset
menu and check that the correct
profile is selected. If not, scroll to
the profile you need and select
Connect. If no profile is created for
your SAILOR 700 VSAT system,
you must create a new profile as
described in the Configuration
chapter)
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For additional ADU status information, click the link for “detailed antenna status”
and refer to “Detailed Antenna Status” on page 54.
For additional VMU status information, click the link for “detailed modem status”
and refer to “Detailed Modem Status” on page 56.
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MODEM STATUS
NEXT MENU ACCEPT
PRESS TO VIEW
EACH MODEM ITEM
MODEM STATE
ONLINE
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ANTENNA STATUS
NEXT MENU ACCEPT
PRESS TO VIEW
EACH ANTENNA ITEM
ANTENNA STATE
TRACKING
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ADU model
ANTENNA MODEL
TRACPHONE V7
RF software version
ANTENNA RF BOARD
SW VERSION 1.23
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Chapter 4 - Troubleshooting
IMPORTANT!
Calibrate the gyros only if directed by Thrane & Thrane Technical Support, and
only while the vessel is stationary. A poor gyro calibration can reduce the
performance of the ADU.
DIAGNOSTICS
NEXT MENU ACCEPT
ENTERING DIAGNOSTICS
CAL GYRO= NO
NEXT ITEM CHANGE
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CALIBRATING GYROS
AZ: EL: SKEW:
5. Verify that the azimuth (AZ), elevation (EL), and skew gyros all pass (“P”).
If any gyro fails (“F”), retry the calibration. If it continues to fail, please
seek technical support (see “Technical Support” on page 66).
CALIBRATING GYROS
AZ:P EL:P SKEW:P
6. Once the gyros are calibrated, the ADU restarts. Wait five minutes for
system startup.
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Chapter 4 - Troubleshooting
Technical Support
The SAILOR 700 VSAT system is a sophisticated electronic device; only specially
trained Thrane & Thrane-authorized technicians have the tools and expertise
necessary to diagnose and repair a system fault. Therefore, if you experience an
operating problem or require technical assistance, please call or visit your local
authorized SAILOR 700 VSAT dealer or distributor. You can find a distributor near
you by visiting www.thrane.com/contact/distributors.aspx.
Please have your system serial numbers handy before you call. You can get these
serial numbers from the ACU’s Modem Status and Antenna Status menus.
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Appendix A - Wiring Diagram
Appendix A
Wiring Diagram
This appendix provides a system wiring diagram. For detailed installation
instructions, refer to the Installation Guide.
Contents
Wiring Diagram ...............................................................69
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Appendix A - Wiring Diagram
Wiring Diagram
ADU
ACU
VMU
Thrane
IP Handset
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Appendix B - Menus Quick Reference Guide
Appendix B
Menus Quick Reference
Guide
This appendix provides a quick reference guide to the ACU menus.
Contents
Menus Quick Reference Guide.........................................75
71
Press xEXIT at any time to exit menu
Main Menu
MODEM STATUS
NEXT MENU ACCEPT
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Appendix C - Glossary
Appendix C
Glossary
This appendix provides a glossary of technical terms used throughout this
manual.
Contents
Glossary .......................................................................... 77
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Appendix C - Glossary
Glossary
10BaseT
Ethernet standard using twisted pair cabling (such as CAT5). Supports a maximum
data rate of 10 Mbps.
100BaseT
Fast Ethernet standard using twisted pair cabling (such as CAT5). Supports a
maximum data rate of 100 Mbps.
802.11
Wireless network communications standard commonly used in LANs.
AC
Alternating Current.
ACU
Antenna Control Unit.
ADU
Above Deck Unit. Used for equipment placed above deck, in this case the antenna.
AGC
Automatic Gain Control. Function that automatically boosts the gain of a received
signal, as required, to maintain a constant output level. Indicates RF level.
Analog Phone
Standard telephone, also referred to as POTS (Plain Old Telephone Service). Voice
signals are converted into electrical pulses by modulating a carrier signal.
AZ
Azimuth angle. Horizontal direction (0°-360°) in which the ADU points.
BUC
Block Up-Converter. Device that converts the intermediate frequency signal from
the VMU to a Ku-band frequency and amplifies it for transmission.
Bulletin Board
Communications from the hub to all terminals within its network.
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Appendix C - Glossary
CAT5
Category of twisted pair cable with a maximum data rate of
1,000 Mbps.
Chassis
The outside enclosure of an electronic device.
Crossover Cable
Cable in which the pins are reversed from one end to the other. Used for
connecting two computers back-to-back without using an Ethernet hub.
Data Rate
Speed at which a communications path can transfer information, normally
measured in bits per second (bps).
bps
Bits per second.
dB
Decibel. Ratio of one power level to another.
DC
Direct Current.
DHCP
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. IP protocol that allows a server to
automatically assign IP addressing information to a networked computer or device.
DNS
Domain Name Service. IP service that translates domain names (such as
“www.thrane.com”) into IP addresses (such as “194.30.189.189”).
Downlink
Communication path from the satellite to the ADU.
DVB
Digital Video Broadcasting project. Global standard of digital broadcasts.
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Appendix C - Glossary
Eb/No
Ratio of Energy-per-bit to Noise power spectral density. The signal-to-noise ratio
of a digital signal.
EIRP
Effective Isotropic Radiated Power, measured in dBW.
EL
Elevation angle. Vertical direction (5°-80°) in which the ADU points.
Encryption
As it applies to WiFi, encoding of a wireless signal to protect it from unauthorized
reception.
Ethernet
Network communications standard adopted by most LANs. Communicates via
twisted pair cable at one of three maximum data rates: (1) Standard - 10 Mbps, (2)
Fast - 100 Mbps, and (3) Gigabit - 1 Gbps (1,000 Mbps).
Firewall
Security mechanism that protects a network from unauthorized access.
Footprint
Coverage area of a satellite.
Forward Link
Communication path from the satellite hub to the user terminal. Another term for
“Downlink.”
Frequency
Number of cycles per second of a radio wave, measured in Hertz (Hz).
GPRS
General Packet Radio Service. High-speed wireless data communications standard.
GPS
Global Positioning System. Network of satellites that allow anyone with a GPS
device to accurately fix their position on Earth.
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Appendix C - Glossary
Gyro
A device that precisely senses and measures motion in a single axis, such as
elevation or azimuth.
Host
Any computer connected to a network.
HTTP
HyperText Transfer Protocol. The primary protocol for the World Wide Web.
Hub
Earth station that links the satellite network to the terrestrial network.
IF
Intermediate Frequency. As it applies to SAILOR 700 VSAT, L-band output of an
LNB, or input to a BUC.
Internet
Global network connecting a vast number of networks and computers.
IP Address
Unique network identifier assigned to a single computer or device on a network.
Consists of four eight-bit numbers, each between 0 and 255 (for example,
“195.172.7.2”).
Kbps
Kilobits (1,000 bits) per second.
Ku-band
Range of frequencies from 12 GHz to 18 GHz.
LAN
Local Area Network. A relatively small group of computers and devices linked
together within close proximity to each other and usually on the same IP network.
L-band
Range of frequencies from 950 MHz to 2150 MHz.
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LNB
Low Noise Block down-converter. Device that converts and amplifies a Ku-band
satellite signal into an intermediate frequency (IF) L-band signal.
MAC Address
Media Access Control Address. Unique six-byte hardware identifier assigned to
every network interface card (NIC). Used in most LAN configurations to ensure the
correct addressing of data to specific hosts.
Mbps
Megabits (1,000,000 bits) per second.
Modem
Modulator-demodulator. Translates digital signals into analog signals and vice-
versa.
Network
A group of computers and devices (such as printers) linked together.
NIC
Network Interface Card. Expansion or built-in circuit card that provides a computer
with network communication capabilities.
OEM
Original Equipment Manufacturer. Used when acompany licenses products or
components from another company and sells the products or components with the
purchasing company's name or logo on them.
Packet
Part of a data message transmitted over a network. Also contains the address of the
destination for routing purposes. (Data messages are divided into packets, sent
over a network, then reassembled in the correct order at the destination.)
PCI
Peripheral Component Interconnect. Bus standard that supports high-speed
connections between computers and peripheral devices.
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PCMCIA
Personal Computer Memory Card International Association. Organization that
establishes standards for PC cards, credit card-sized memory or input/output
devices, primarily used in laptops.
Ping
Software utility used to check a network connection. Sends a test packet to the
designated address and reports how long it takes to receive a response.
Polarization
Orientation of a satellite signal. Circular polarization, which has a “corkscrew”
propagation path, consists of left-hand (LHCP) and right-hand (RHCP) signals.
Linear polarization consists of vertical and horizontal signals offset by 90 degrees.
Protocol
Standard that establishes strict rules for how data is communicated over a network.
Return Link
Communication path from the ADU to the satellite. Another term for “Uplink.”
RF
Radio Frequency.
RJ45
Registered Jack 45. Eight-wire network cable connector for LANs. Similar to a
telephone jack.
Router
Device that connects multiple IP networks. For each data packet it receives that is
destined for another IP network, determines the best path to reach its destination.
RSSI
Receive Signal Strength Indicator. Indicates the strength of the received satellite
signal. The VMU supplies this data to the ACU for tracking purposes.
Rx
Receive.
Skew
Adjustment angle to orient an LNB with a linearly polarized satellite signal.
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Spread Spectrum
A type of communication method by which the information signal energy is spread
over a frequency band much wider than the minimum bandwidth required for
transmitting the information.
SSID
Service Set Identifier. Unique identifier shared by all computers and devices on a
single wireless network.
Straight-through Cable
Cable in which the pins at one end match the pins at the other end.
Subnet
Subdivision of a network based on IP address. For example, with a subnet mask of
“255.255.255.0,” all computers and devices assigned an IP address starting with
“195.172.8” belong to one subnet (there are 255 possible). An IP address starting
with “195.172.9” designates a different subnet.
Subnet Mask
Divides the latter portion of an IP address into subnet and host designations. For
example, in a regular class B network, the first two numbers in an IP address
define the network ID while the last two numbers define the host ID (the individual
computer or device on that network). A subnet mask changes the format of these
last two numbers by designating the third number as the subnet ID and
designating the last number as the host ID (the computer or device within that
subnet).
SW
Software.
Switch
Device that connects two segments of a LAN. Routes data from one segment to
another based on the MAC address of the destination.
TBD
To Be Defined
TCP/IP
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol. Two communications protocols for
the Internet. IP handles the delivery of data packets over the Internet; TCP ensures
that all data packets are successfully delivered and assembled in the proper order.
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Twisted Pair
Cable type consisting of multiple pairs of cable in which two wires are spiraled
together to reduce electromagnetic noise. Can be either shielded (STP) or
unshielded (UTP). Used extensively in LANs and telephone networks.
Tx
Transmit.
URL
Uniform Resource Locator. Address of a web page or file on the World Wide Web.
Consists of three parts: (1) protocol (such as “http”), (2) IP address or domain name
(such as “www.thrane.com”), and (3) name of the web page or file to be retrieved
from that address (such as “index.html”).
USB
Universal Serial Bus. Bus standard for connecting peripheral devices to a
computer. Supports a data rate of 12 Mbps.
UTP
Unshielded Twisted Pair. Cable consisting of four twisted pairs (8 wires), usually
terminated by RJ45 connectors. Commonly used in LANs.
VMU
VSAT Modem Unit. The modem unit performing the "translation" of voice or data
signals into signals that can be transmitted over satellite.
VoIP
Voice over Internet Protocol. Allows telephone conversations to be routed via the
Internet.
VSAT
Very Small Aperture (< 3m) Terminal. Communications system in which multiple
users connect via satellite to a single land-based hub, which handles the routing
of all network traffic.
WAN
Wide Area Network. A group of computers, devices, and possibly LANs, linked
together over a large geographic area.
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WAP
Wireless Network Access Point. Device that links computers wirelessly to a LAN. To
communicate with the WAP, each computer needs a properly configured wireless
network card.
WEP
Wired Equivalent Privacy. Security mechanism for wireless networks. Encrypts data
to protect it from unauthorized interception.
WiFi
Wireless Fidelity. Refers to an 802.11 wireless network.
WINS Resolution
Windows Internet Naming Service Resolution. Organizes the names of all Windows
computers in a network with their respective IP addresses. Similar function to DNS.
Xponder
Transponder. Component of a satellite that receives radio transmissions from Earth,
amplifies them, and retransmits them back to Earth on a different frequency.
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