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    EGL and HGL

    Uploaded by

    Muhammad Bilal Ghouri
    This document discusses energy grade lines and hydraulic grade lines in fluid flow systems. It defines an energy grade line as representing the total energy head available, including potential energy, pressure energy, and velocity energy. The hydraulic grade line represents the total head minus velocity head. The hydraulic grade line lies below the energy grade line by an amount equal to the velocity head. Applications of these concepts include indicating pressure along pipes, measuring head loss rates, and analyzing changes in flow characteristics like velocity and diameter. The document provides equations to calculate the energy and hydraulic grade lines and examples of how they are used in civil engineering applications like pipe networks.

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    EGL and HGL

    Uploaded by

    Muhammad Bilal Ghouri
    420 views17 pages
    This document discusses energy grade lines and hydraulic grade lines in fluid flow systems. It defines an energy grade line as representing the total energy head available, including potential energy, pressure energy, and velocity energy. The hydraulic grade line represents the total head minus velocity head. The hydraulic grade line lies below the energy grade line by an amount equal to the velocity head. Applications of these concepts include indicating pressure along pipes, measuring head loss rates, and analyzing changes in flow characteristics like velocity and diameter. The document provides equations to calculate the energy and hydraulic grade lines and examples of how they are used in civil engineering applications like pipe networks.

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    This document discusses energy grade lines and hydraulic grade lines in fluid flow systems. It defines an energy grade line as representing the total energy head available, including potential energy, pressure energy, and velocity energy. The hydraulic grade line represents the total head minus velocity head. The hydraulic grade line lies below the energy grade line by an amount equal to the velocity head. Applications of these concepts include indicating pressure along pipes, measuring head loss rates, and analyzing changes in flow characteristics like velocity and diameter. The document provides equations to calculate the energy and hydraulic grade lines and examples of how they are used in civil engineering applications like pipe networks.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    420 views17 pages

    EGL and HGL

    Uploaded by

    Muhammad Bilal Ghouri
    This document discusses energy grade lines and hydraulic grade lines in fluid flow systems. It defines an energy grade line as representing the total energy head available, including potential energy, pressure energy, and velocity energy. The hydraulic grade line represents the total head minus velocity head. The hydraulic grade line lies below the energy grade line by an amount equal to the velocity head. Applications of these concepts include indicating pressure along pipes, measuring head loss rates, and analyzing changes in flow characteristics like velocity and diameter. The document provides equations to calculate the energy and hydraulic grade lines and examples of how they are used in civil engineering applications like pipe networks.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 17

    1

    Presentation 3 !!
    A BSc Grade Lesson

    Energy, hydraulic Grade


    line and applications of
    these
    2
    Kaleem Arts
    Group Details
    Members:
    • Fazl e Ghafoor (38)
    • Kaleem Afzal Khan (39)
    • Zubair Ahmad (41)
    • Kausar Ali (42)
    • Zeeshan Khan (43)

    3
    Energy Grade Line
    A line that represents the elevation
    of energy head (in feet or meters) of water
    flowing in a pipe or channel.

    The line is drawn above the


    hydraulic grade line (gradient) a distance
    equal to the velocity head (V2/2g) of the
    water flowing at each section or point
    along the pipe or channel.

    4
    Energy Grade Line
    and can be expressed as:

    EL = H = p / γ + v2 / 2 g + h = constant

    along a streamline
    where
    EL= Energy Line (m)

    and can be expressed as:

    5
    Energy Grade Line
    • For a fluid flow without any losses due
    to friction (major losses) or components
    (minor losses) - the energy line would
    be at a constant level. In a practical
    world the energy line decreases along
    the flow due to losses.

    6
    Energy Grade Line
    • A turbine in the flow reduces the
    energy line and a pump or fan in the
    line increases the energy line.

    7
    Hydraulic Grade Line

    The Hydraulic Grade Line is a line representing the


    total head
    available to the fluid - minus the velocity head and
    can be expressed as:

    HGL = p / γ + h
    where
    HGL = Hydraulic Grade Line (m)

    8
    Hydraulic And Energy Grade Line
    • The hydraulic grade line lies one velocity
    head below the the energy line.

    9
    EGL And HGL
    In case the cross section is constant along the streamline and
    the flow steady, discharge remains constant and also so does
    velocity. Therefore, velocity head remains the same as well.
    In that case, HGL will always remain parallel to EGL.

    10
    Applications of EGL and HGL in civil engg
    • APPLICATION OF HYDRAULIC GRADE LINE:-

    • 1)The hydraulic grade line indicate the pressure


    along the pipe

    • 2)The vertical distance from the pipe to the


    hydraulic grade line is the pressure head at that
    point

    • 3)The slope of hydraulic grade line is the measure of


    the rate of head loss
    11
    Applications of Energy Grade line in
    civil engg
    • 4)Change in elevation of the hydraulic
    grade line is due to change in velocity
    and diameter

    • 5)At pipe outlet pressure head is zero


    so the pipe elevation and the hydraulic
    grade line coincide

    12
    Applications Cont:
    • 6) The hydraulic grade line is a straight
    line only if the pipe is straight and of
    uniform diameter

    • 7) Energy grade line shows the rate at


    which the energy decreases in a pipe.

    13
    References
    http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/energy-hydraulic-grade-line-d_613.html

    14
    15
    ---End of Presentation---
    Questions ..?

    17

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