APA references: ENG 105

NPN
Four Steps to Referencing

• 1. Record

• At the time of reading a document, record all of the information (descriptive

elements) necessary to create a citation. The data you record should include the
page numbers for direct quotations and for journal articles or book chapters.

• The descriptive elements for a variety of document types are listed below. These
lists will help you to keep the information necessary to create your references. Be
careful with photocopied articles from journals or chapters from books. You must
keep a record of the journal where the article was published or the book where
you found the chapter.

• Please note: You may not need to use all of these elements for every citation.
Whole book

• Author’s surname and initials or given name

• Title of publication
• Title of series, if applicable
• Volume number or number of volumes, if applicable
• Edition, if not the first
• Editor, reviser, compiler or translator, if other than the author
• Publisher
• Year of publication
• Page number(s), if applicable
• Parts of books (chapters, sections, conference papers, etc.)
• In addition to the details for the Whole Book (see above) record the following information specific to the part:
• Author's surname and initials or given name (of the part)
• Title of the part
• Inclusive page numbers of the part
Journal articles

• Author’s surname and initials or given name

• Title of the article
• Title of the journal
• Volume and issue number
• Year of publication
• Inclusive page numbers
Electronic documents

• Some examples of electronic format documents are internet pages, journal

articles published on the internet or journal articles retrieved from an
academic research database.

• Some documents are published in both paper and electronic formats, for
example government reports and journal articles. Please cite according to
the format you have accessed.

• For electronic journal articles, record the descriptive elements specified

above for journal articles. In addition, include a DOI or URL if available.
• The following is a list of common descriptive elements you may need to record for citation of an electronic document. This list
is comprehensive. The elements you record will depend upon the type of electronic document you are describing.
• Author's surname and initials or given name if present
• Title of the document
• Title of the webpage
• URL
• Page or section numbers if given
• Format
• Year of publication or latest update date
• Database name
• Email address
• Please note: Not all electronic documents have an obvious author or title, so you will sometimes need to use your own
judgment to determine these details. Be aware that pagination may not be present or appropriate for many electronic
publications.
•
2. Organise

• File or store this information, and the source documents if you have
them, in a manner and format that can be easily accessed at a later
date. You may wish to write all details on the print copy of an article
you are using; or you may wish to keep a system of filing cards for
each reference item you use. Alternatively, you may decide to
maintain a master reference list on your computer, which you add
details to as required. There are a number of software packages now
available. One example is EndNote, which you can use to manage
your references. These programs can be used to produce reference or
works cited lists in a specified style. Please see the EndNote Guide for
information about this software
3. Cite

• Construct your citations within the text of your essay, using the
appropriate guidelines for the style of citation you are using.
4. List

• Create either a reference or works cited list at the end of your essay or
thesis. Titles of books and journal titles should be italicised. The use of
capitals and punctuation should be consistent and will vary according to
the citation style being used.

• The usual arrangement for a reference list in APA style is a single sequence
in alphabetical order by author, with the author's surname preceding the
initials. Where an item has no author, it is usual to list it alphabetically by
title in the reference list in sequence by the first significant word of the
title.
Reference rules
• Assignments:

Material Type In Text Citation Reference List Entry

Assignment from Another (Reid, 2016) Reid, S. F. (2016). The
Unit importance of scientific
method [Unpublished
manuscript], BSC100:
Building Blocks for Science
Students, Murdoch
University
Material In Text Citation Reference List Entry
Type

Radio (Browning, Browning, D. (Presenter). (2006, June 9). Black soccer heroes. Message Stick
Programme 2006) [Radio programme]. Guest speaker Dr. John Maynard. ABC Radio.

Sound (St. Laurence St. Laurance Chamber Choir (Performers), & McEwan, N. (Director). (2005).
Recording Chamber Choir Commemoration, ritual and performance: the Iberian connection : medieval and
& McEwan, renaissance music from the St Laurence Chamber Choir [Album]. Centre for
2005) Medieval Studies, University of Sydney.

DVD (Moore, 2003) Moore, M. (Writer/Director). (2003). Bowling for Columbine [DVD]. AV Channel.

Television (Masters, 2006) Masters, C. (Presenter). (2006, March 27). Big fish, little fish. Four Corners
Series [Television series episode]. ABC Television.
Episode
Video (Russell & Russell, G. (Writer, Producer and Narrator), & Wiseman, P. (Producer). (1995).
Recording Wiseman, 1995 Tackling bullies: An Australian perspective [Video recording]. Video Classroom.
YouTube/Vim (NRK, 2007) NRK. (2007, February 26). Medieval helpdesk with English subtitles. [Video].
eo Video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pQHX-SjgQvQ
Book chapters
• These examples are for chapters or parts of edited works in which the chapters or
parts have individual titles and author/s, but are included in collections or
textbooks edited by others.

• • If the editors of a work are also the authors of all of the included chapters, then
it should be cited as a whole book using the examples given for Books.

• • Only the first letter of the first word of the title of the chapter or part is
capitalised.

• • When providing details of the book editor(s), the editors' initials are given first,
followed by the surname.
Material Type In text citations References
Chapter or Article in Edited Book (Payne, 1999) Payne, S. (1999). 'Dangerous and
different': Reconstructions of
madness in the 1990s and the role
of mental health policy. In S.
Watson & L. Doyal (Eds.),
Engendering social policy (pp.
180-195). Open University Press.
Article in an Encyclopaedia (Ford-Martin, 2003) Ford-Martin, P. (2003).
Cognitive-behavioral therapy. In E.
Thackery & M. Harris (Eds.), Gale
encyclopedia of mental disorders
(Vol.1, pp. 226-228). Gale.
Books
• Only the author's initials are included regardless of the presentation of the author's name in the source document.

• • The given name may be cited in full to identify the author when different authors have the same surname and initials.

• • Capitalisation practice should be consistent.

• • Titles and subtitles of books are given minimal capitalisation.

• • Only the first letter of the first word of the title (and subtitle, if given) and proper nouns (the names of people, places or
organisations, etc.) are capitalised.

• • Book titles are italicised when typed, or underlined when handwritten.

• • When the author and the publisher are the same, do not include the publisher name in the reference.
Material type In-text citation References
Book: Including Page (Wells, 2009, pp. Wells, A. (2009). Metacognitive therapy for anxiety
Numbers 225-226) and depression in psychology. Guilford Press: USA

Book: Single Author (Matthews, 1999) Matthews, J. (1999). The art of childhood and
adolescence: The construction of meaning. Falmer
Press: Cambridge.
Book: Two Authors (B.,Colcough & Colclough, B., & Colclough, J. (1999). A challenge to
J.,Colcough, 1999) change. Thorsons: Oxford.

Book: 3-20 Authors (Rosenthal et al., 2000 Rosenthal, R., Rosnow, R. L., & Rubin, D. B. (2000).
Contrasts and effect sizes in behavioral research: A
correlational approach. Cambridge University Press:
cambridge.
Book: More than 20 (Author et al., Year) Include the first nineteen authors' names, then
Authors insert three ellipses and follow with the final
author's name.
Book: Different Works by Kubler-Ross, Kubler-Ross, E. (1993a). AIDS: The ultimate
Same Author in Same Year 1993a)(Kubler-Ross, challenge. Collier Books
1993b) Kubler-Ross, E. (1993b). Questions and answers on
death and dying. Collier Books.
Book: Organisation as Author (American Educational Research American Educational Research Association.
Association, 1985) (1985). Standards for educational and
psychological testing. American Psychological
Association.
Book: Government Agency as (Australia. Department of Health and Aged Australia. Department of Health and Aged
Author Care, 1999) Care. (1999). Mental health: A report focusing on
depression, 1998. AGPS.
Book: No Author (The Blackwell Dictionary of Cognitive The Blackwell dictionary of cognitive psychology.
Psychology, 1991) (1991). Blackwell.
Book: Editor (Snyder, 1999) Snyder, C. R. (Ed.). (1999). Coping: The
psychology of what works. Oxford University
Press.
Book: 2 or More Editors (Binstock & George, 1990) Binstock, R. H., & George, L. K. (Eds.).
(1990). Handbook of aging and the social
sciences (3rd ed.). Academic Press.
Book: Different Editions (Howitt & Cramer, 2008) Howitt, D., & Cramer, D. (2008). Introduction to
research methods in psychology (2nd ed.).
Prentice Hall.
Conference Papers
Material Type In Text Citation Reference List Entry
Paper (Balakrishnan, 2006) Balakrishnan, R. (2006, March 25-26). Why aren't we using
Presentation 3d user interfaces, and will we ever? [Paper presentation]. 
from the Internet IEEE Symposium on 3D User Interfaces, Alexandria, VA.
https://doi.org/10.1109/VR.2006.148.
Unpublished (Brown & Caste, 1990) Brown, S., & Caste, V. (2004, May). Integrated obstacle
Paper detection framework [Paper presentation]. IEEE
Presentation Intelligent Vehicles Symposium, Detroit, MI..
Paper (Rowling, 1993) Rowling, L. (1993, September). Schools and grief: How
Presentation in does Australia compare to the United States [Paper
Print presentation]. In Wandarna coowar: Hidden grief. 8th
Proceedings National Conference of the National Association for
Loss and Grief (Australia), Yeppoon, Queensland (pp.
196-201). National Association for Loss and Grief..
Datasets
Material Type In Text Citation Reference List Entry
Dataset (Ryff et al., 2019) Ryff, C., Almeida, D., Ayanian, J., Binkley, N., Carr, D. S., Coe, C., Davidson,
R., Grzywacz, J., Karlamangla, A., Krueger, R., Lachman, M., Love, G.,
Mailick, M., Mroczek, D., Radler, B., Seeman, T., Sloan, R., Thomas, D.,
Weinstein, M., Williams, D. (2019). Midlife in the United States (MIDUS 3),
2013-2014 (ICPSR 36346) [Dataset].
https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR36346.v7
Dataset Repository (University of Michigan, University of Michigan, Institute for Social Research. (2019). Consortium
Institute for Social Research, for political and social research (ICPSR).
2019) https://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/ICPSR/
Dataset Deposit (Theure & Gentaz, 2018) Theure, A., & Gentaz, E. (2018). Data from: The regulation of emotions in
Record adolescents: age differences and emotion-specific patterns [Dataset].
https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.n230404. Referenced in
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0195501
Dataset Description (Lemaignan et al., 2018) Lemaignan, S., Edmunds, C.E.R., Senft, E., & Belpaeme, T. (2018). The
Article PInSoRo dataset: Supporting the data-driven study of child-child and
child-robot social dynamics. PLoS ONE, 13(10), Article e0205999+.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0205999
E-books
Material Type In Text Citation Reference List Entry
E-book (Eckes, 2000) Eckes, T. (2000). The developmental social psychology of gender.
Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
https://prospero.murdoch.edu.au:443/record=b1600608
Chapter from an (Jones & Gagnon, 2007) Jones, N. A., & Gagnon, C. M. (2007). The neurophysiology of
E-book empathy. In T. F. D. Farrow & P. W. R. Woodruff (Eds.), Empathy in
mental illness. Cambridge University Press.
https://prospero.murdoch.edu.au:443/record=b2130403
Article from an (Lai, 1999) Lai, M. C. C. (1999). Hepatitis delta virus. In A. Granoff & R.
Electronic Webster (Eds.), Encyclopedia of virology (2nd ed.). Academic Press.
Encyclopaedia https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012374410-4.00417-9
Article from an ("Alka-Seltzer", 2019) Alka-Seltzer. (2019). In MIMS online. MIMS Australia.
Electronic http://www.mimsonline.com.au
Reference Work:
No author
 E-journals
Material Type In Text Citation Reference List Entry
Journal Article with a (Vogels et al., 2009) Vogels, A. G. C., Crone, M. R., Hoekstra, F., & Reijneveld, S. A. (2009). Comparing three short
DOI questionnaires to detect psychosocial dysfunction among primary school children: a randomized
method. BMC Public Health, 9, 489. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-9-489

Journal Article with a (Wiskunde et al., Wiskunde, B., Arslan, M., Fischer, P., Nowak, L., Van den Berg, O., Coetzee, L., Juárez, U., Riyaziyyat,
DOI: More Than 20 2019, p. 1936) E., Wang, C., Zhang, I., Li, P., Yang, R., Kumar, B., Xu, A., Martinez, R., McIntosh, V., Ibáñez, L. M.,
Authors and Mäkinen, G., Virtanen, E., . . . Kovács, A. (2019). Indie pop rocks mathematics: Twenty One Pilots,
Including Page Nicolas Bourbaki, and the empty set. Journal of Improbable Mathematics, 27(1), 1935–1968.
Number https://doi.org/10.0000/3mp7y-537

Journal Article with a (Ahmann, 2018) Ahmann, E., Tuttle, L. J., Saviet, M., & Wright, S. D. (2018). A descriptive review of ADHD coaching
URL research: Implications for college students. Journal of Postsecondary Education and Disability, 31(1):
24-58.
https://www.ahead.org/professional-resources/publications/jped/archived-jped/jped-volume-31

Journal Article with (March & Springer, March, E., & Springer, J. (2019). Belief in conspiracy theories: The predictive role of schizotypy,
an Article Number 2019) Machiavellianism, and primary psychopathy. PLoS One, 14(12): Article e0225964.
  https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0225964
Journal Article from (Munro, 1999, para. Munro, C. (1999). Facing grief. Synergy, 3(3). http://about.murdoch.edu.au/synergy/0303/grief.html
a URL and Including 12)
Paragraph Number
Images
Material
In Text Citation Reference List Entry
Type
Image, (Leibovitz, 1996, p. 72) Leibovitz, A. (1996). Olympic portraits. Little Brown.
Photograph
or Artwork
from a Book
Reproduction (Bedford, 2001, p. 154) Bedford, P. (2001). Dingo dreaming [ochre on canvas].
in a Book Reproduced in McCulloch, S., & McCulloch Childs, E.
(2008). McCulloch's contemporary Aboriginal art: The complete
guide (p.154). McCulloch & McCulloch Australian Art Books.
Image from a (Ardagna et al., 2008, Figure 1) Ardagna, C. A., Damiani, E., Frati, F., & Madravio, M. (2007).
Book Chapter Open-source solution to secure e-government services. In
A-V. Anttiroiko & M. Malkia (Eds.), Encyclopedia of digital
government (pp. 1300-1305). Idea Group Reference.
http://www.igi-global.com/
Image from a (Yeh & Xu, 2010, Table 1) Yeh, Q-J., & Xu, X. (2010). The effect of Confucian work ethics
Journal Article on learning about science and technology knowledge and
morality. Journal of Business Ethics, 95, 111-128.
Image from a (Leunig, 1995, p. 24) Leunig, M. (1995, July 27). Thoughts of a baby lying in a child care
Newspaper centre. The Sydney Morning Herald, p. 24.
Image from a (Kessel, 1995, 10:10) Kessel, M. (Director). (1995). The making of a monologue: Robert Wilson's
Database Hamlet [video,1:02:18 mins]. Cinema Guild.
Online (Nolan, 1946) Nolan, S. (1946). The encounter [enamel paint on composition board].
Image/Artwork National Gallery of Australia.
http://cs.nga.gov.au/Detail.cfm?IRN=28938
Online MapI (Google Maps, Google Maps. (2015, February 5). The British Library, London, UK.
2015) Google.
https://www.google.com.au/maps/place/The+British+Library/@51.5299
72,-0.127676,17z
/data=!3m1!4b1!4m2!3m1!1s0x48761b3b70171395:0x18905479de0fdb
25
Original (Angus, 2006) Angus, J. (2006). Gorilla, gorilla, gorilla [wood veneers, nylon]. Art
Image/Artwork Gallery of Western Australia.
(Viewed in a
Gallery or
Collection)
 Internet Documents
Material Type In Text Citation Reference List Entry
Electronic (Murray, 2005) Murray, G. (2005). A duty of care to children and young people in Western Australia:
Document Report on the quality assurance and review of unsubstantiated allegations of abuse in
care: 1 April 2004 to 12 September 2005. Western Australia, Department of Child
Protection.
http://www.community.wa.gov.au/NR/rdonlyres/851183A4-A822-4592-AB66-C410
E453AEEC/0/DCDRPTGwennMurrayreportwithcover2006.pdf

Government (Australia. Australia. Department of Health and Aged Care. (2000). National youth suicide
Publication Department of Health prevention strategy. http://www.health.gov.au/hsdd/mentalhe/sp/nysps/about.htm
and Aged Care, 2000)

Government (Western Australia. Western Australia. School Curriculum & Standards Authority. (2017). Curriculum
Publication: School Curriculum & and assessment outline: Humanities and Social Science.
Curriculum Standards Authority, http://k10outline.scsa.wa.edu.au/home/p-10-curriculum/curriculum-browser/hum
Document 2017) anities-and-social-sciences

Whole Internet (Goldberg, 2000) Goldberg, I. (2000). Dr. Ivan's depression central.

Site http://www.psycom.net/depression.central.html
 Journal Articles
Material Type In Text Citation Reference List Entry
Journal Article in (Kyratsis, 2004) Kyratsis, A. (2004). Talk and interaction among children and
Print the co-construction of peer groups and peer culture. Annual
Review of Anthropology, 33(4), 231-247.

Journal Article in (Parker & Roy, 2001, p. 574) Parker, G., & Roy, K. (2001). Adolescent depression: A
Print Including Page review. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 35,
Number 572-580.

Journal Article in (Zhang et al., 2006) Zhang, B., Cohen, J., Ferrence, R., & Rehm, J. (2006). The
Print with 3-20 impact of tobacco tax cuts on smoking initiation among
Authors Canadian young adults. American Journal of Preventive
Medicine, 30(6), 474-479.
Newspaper Articles
Material Type In Text Citation Reference List Entry
Newspaper (Kissane, 1998) Kissane, K. (1998, September 5). Kiss or kill: Who is the victim
Article in Print when a battered woman kills? The Age: Extra, p. 6.
Newspaper (Devlin, 2010) Devlin, H. (2010, January 28). Neuron breakthrough offers
Article with URL hope on Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. The Times.
http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/science/medicine/arti
cle7005401.ece
Newspaper (Delalande, Delalande, J. (2019, October 26). Our teens struggle the
Article from 2019) most. The West Australian, p. 32. Factiva.
Factiva https://global-factiva-com.libproxy.murdoch.edu.au/ha/defau
lt.aspx#./!?&_suid=1576141953014019681669927131606.
 Podcasts
Material Type In Text Citation Reference List Entry
Podcast (Robertson, 2010) Robertson, R. (Speaker). (2010). Leadership at the bottom of the earth…where
no one hears you scream, 2010 Sir Walter Murdoch lecture [Audio podcast].
Murdoch University.
https://lectures.murdoch.edu.au/lectopia/lectopia.lasso?ut=1369&id=71101

Podcast Lecture (Hill, 2012) Hill, D. (Speaker). (2012, April 4). Australian media representation of
from LMS Asia [Audio podcast]. In Australia in Asia (FDN 110). Murdoch University.
https://lectures.murdoch.edu.au/lectopia/casterframe.lasso?fid=375705&cn
t=true&usr=S940025F&name=not-indicated

Podcast Radio (Gary, 2007) Gary, S. (Host). (2007, December 23). Black hole death ray. StarStuff [Audio
Programme podcast]. ABC News Radio.
http://abc.net.au/newsradio/podcast/STARSTUFF.xml
Podcast (Brown et al., 2007) Brown, W. (Host)., Brodie, K. (Host)., & George, P. (Producer). (2007, June 4).
Television From Lake Baikal to the halfway mark, Yekaterinburg. Peking to Paris:
Programme Episode 3 [Video podcast]. ABC Television.
Readers/Study guides
Material Type In Text Citation Reference List Entry
Study Guide and (Gilbert, 2001) Gilbert, E. (2001, December 15). It's a guy thing.
Reader Good Weekend. Reprinted in Bodies, sex and
power (WOM104) study guide and unit reader
2004 (pp. 59-64). Murdoch University.
Reader (Vickery & Bishop, 2005) Vicary, D., & Bishop, B. (2005). Western
psychotherapeutic practice: Engaging Aboriginal
people in culturally appropriate and respectful
ways. Australian Psychologist, 40, 19. Reprinted
in Introduction to psychology and culture
(PSY246): Unit reader 2009. Murdoch University.
 Secondary sources
Material Type In Text Citation Reference List Entry

Secondary Seidenberg and McClelland (as cited in Reid, Reid, A. S. (2007). Study of multiple
Source 2007) paranormal phenomena. Journal of
Abnormal Psychology, 45, 13-26.
 Social Media
Material Type In Text Citation Reference List Entry
Blog Post (Flower, 2015) Flower, R. (2015, June 1). How a simple formula for resolving problems and
conflict can change your reality. Pick The Brain.
http://www.pickthebrain.com/blog/how-a-simple-formula-for-resolving-problems
-and-conflict-can-change-your-reality/
Blog Comment  (Stephen, 2017) Stephen. (2017, February 21). Re: Why you should let your passion
die [Comment]. PsychCentral. https://psychcentral.com/blog/discuss/102347/
Facebook Post (Murdoch University Murdoch University Library. (2017, February 22). In a dedication ceremony on
Library, 2017) Tuesday, Murdoch University celebrated the naming of the Library after eminent
historian and Murdoch icon, the late Emeritus Professor Geoffrey Bolton [Status
update]. Facebook. https://www.facebook.com/murdochlibrary/?fref=ts

Facebook (Beach, 2017) Beach, J. (2017, February 22). Re: In a dedication ceremony on Tuesday, Murdoch
Comment University celebrated the naming of the Library after eminent historian and Murdoch
icon, the late Emeritus Professor Geoffrey Bolton [Comment]. Facebook.
https://www.facebook.com/murdochlibrary/?fref=ts

Tweet (Kruszelnicki, 2017) Kruszelnicki, K. [@DoctorKarl]. (2017, February 19). Fact-checker scientist

@bengoldacre, evidence-based medicine, dead cat #Shirtloadsofscience:
http://apple.co/2kXmeCd: http://bit.ly/2faxmw5 [Tweet].
https://twitter.com/DoctorKarl? ref_src=twsrc^google|
YouTube/Vi (Setrakian, 2017) Setrakian, L. (2017, January). Lara Setrakian: 3 ways to fix a broken news
meo/Ted industry. [Video]. https://www.ted.com/talks/lara_setrakian_3_ways_to_fix_a_
Talk video broken_news_industry#t-521404
YouTube (Kirk, 2017) Kirk, J. (2017, February). Re: Medieval helpdesk with English subtitles. [Comment].
Comment YouTube. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pQHX-SjgQvQ
Instagram (Murdoch University Library, Murdoch University Library. (2017, February 21). An exhibition entitled ‘Geoffrey
Post 2017) Bolton: The Legacy of an Eminent Historian and Iconic Murdoch Figure’, featuring
artworks, pictures, awards and memorabilia relating to his life, will be showcased
in the University Library foyer until March
17 {Photographs]. https://www.instagram.com/murdochlibrary/
Instagram (Coltferrari, 2017) Coltferrari. (2017, February 21). Re: An exhibition entitled ‘Geoffrey Bolton: The
Comment Legacy of an Eminent Historian and Iconic Murdoch Figure’, featuring artworks,
pictures, awards and memorabilia relating to his life, will be showcased in the
University Library foyer until March 17 {Comment]. Instagram.
https://www.instagram.com/murdochlibrary/
App  (StudentVIP, 2017) StudentVIP. (2017). Lost on Campus (Version 4.1.3) [Mobile app]. Apple App
Store. https://www.apple.com/au/ios/app-store/

Game (Persson & Bergensten, 2011) Persson, M., & Bergensten, J. (2011). Minecraft [Game]. Mojang Synergies AB.
https://minecraft.net/en-us/
 Theses/Research papers
Material Type In Text Citation Reference List Entry
Unpublished Thesis (Milnes, 1998) Milnes, G. M. (1998). Adolescent depression: The use of generative instruction
to increase rational beliefs and decrease irrational beliefs and depressed
mood [Unpublished M.Appl.Psy. thesis]. Murdoch University.

Published Thesis (May, 2007) May, B. (2007) A survey of radial velocities in the zodiacal dust cloud.
Canopus Publishing.
Thesis from a Database (Roemmele, 2018) Roemmele, M. (2018). Neural networks for narrative
continuation (Publication No. 22621448) [Doctoral dissertation, University
of Southern California]. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global.

Thesis from a Repository (Ryan, 2014) Ryan, J. (2014). The measurement and meaning of coping in psychiatric
patients [PhD thesis, Murdoch University]. Murdoch University Research
Repository. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/24254/