Mauricio Peña

electricity thermal electricity

24 / / 2022
January
Turbines
( transforms thermal Electrical generator
energy of superheated c transfers rotational
steam to rotational
kinetic energy to
Turbine generator -
kinetic energy
electrical energy
Thermal energy production
coupling shaft
↳ Most scale electrical produced
9 power
large -
is using a

to generator Rotational turbine that drives a generator ,

transforming its rotational
kinetic energy
superheated electrical mechanical energy into electrical energy by electromagnetic
steam energy
(
large thermal induction
energy in kinetic
' ↳ In the boiler water ,
becomes steam that i s superheat .

energy of

/ f)
high pressure -
The water does not boil it , gets turned into high pressure
-

steam
To transmission
lines
Boiler super heated
-
steam .

:÷÷:÷÷
energy from fuel
↳ The super heated stea- m travels through pipes to a turbine ,

shaft ther fore

"" condenser rotating the rotor and ,
its pressure and
grade
'

cools

(
low
'

steam
-

steam to water
temperature decrease .

source of cnelmical Thermal energy electricity losses

or nuclear energy ( f- Ossi - fueled )
( transformed to thermal 35J
Electrical
energy )
energy

↳ The turbine rotator shaft is connected to the generator , 5J

Chemical energy Turbine -
generator ( and other )
which turns the kinetic energy to electrical . at boiler mechanical and electrical
200J losses

condenser gets cooled

①
↳
Finally the ,
in which the low -

grade steam
53J
,

Thermal energy losses

into water .
at condenser
7- J
ynerma , energy losses
Pressurised water nuclear reactor at boiler and transfer

pipes
- -

control Nuclear fueled thermal electric power

)
-

" "

rods
- - - - - - -

l ↳ The primary energy source in a nuclear -

fueled thermal electric
E
-

Radiation

¥¥÷:
-

shielding&
containment Heater exchanger power station is nuclear energy contained in uranium -235
structure (
transferring thermal
↳
" "

energy from reactor Enriched U is formed into a solid alloy that is turned to fuel rods
Reactor
coolant to water to
. . . .
. .

pressure
vessel produce steam ↳ The fuel rods are inserted into fuel bundle holders in the reactor vessel
]
Graphite water ↳ The fast neutrons must be slowed into thermal 1510W ) neutrons
moderator
↳ fission neutrons that are NOT slowed CANNOT induce more fission
Fuel rods
↳
cooled water from The central area of the pressure vessel is called the reactor
turbines

core . It contains the fuel rods ,

moderator ,
control rods and the
coolant fluid
pump coolant fluid that carries thermal energy from the reactor

↳ The fast neutrons slowed collisions core to the heat to transform to steam for
are
during in exchanger water

the graphite moderator by momentum transfer .

the turbines .

↳ The moderator and rods are kept separate to containment structure To

transmission
reduce neutron absorption . Generator
> → lines
✓

↳ Pressuriser
control rods are neutron absorbers that remove neutrons control

Rids Turbine
ÉÉ:#
from participating in fission -

reducing the rate of nuclear chain n n

or

/
•

They are moved down or up to slow or speed the reaction rate

→→→ > →
Incoming external
cooling fluid

f f
^^ ar n

Balanced ongoing nuclear fission and neutron

<
absorption .

n n
^
✓ ✓
^ ✓

heat transfers thermal generated t -1 t→

r
↳ The the
-

exchanger energy in
n n
> → → →
^^
^^
the reactor core coolant fluid to water to produce steam to <
external
outgoing
←
< <

cooling fluid
rotate the turbines .
steam
Reactor
condenser
vessel generator
↳ The heat exchanger essentially replaces the fossil fated furnance -

↳ There are two separate closed circuits of a fluid for heat transfer , intended to prevent any radioactive from the fluid to the
turbines .