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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page No.

OVERVIEW 1
MODULE CONTENT 1
OBJECTIVES 2
PRETEST 3
LESSON 1
Activity 1 10
Activity 2 11
LESSON 2
Activity 1 15
Activity 2 20
Activity 3 21
Activity 4 23
Activity 5 24
Activity 6 24

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 LESSON 1

KINDS OF REPORTS

WHAT I KNOW

Copy the list of items below in your notebook. Identify which one is
familiar to you, you may have encountered or have tried to make it before. Put a
checkmark inside the box before the item. You can check as many familiar items.

investigatory project book report

experiment journal

investigative report liquidation report

progress report sales/ inventory report

research report (name one if not on the list)

WHAT IS IT

Reports are essential to keep an updated account of an event, situation, and

organization. These are documents that wish to inform, analyze, or recommend.
Reports are often expressed through oral presentations or written. The common
mediums of these reports are speeches, televisions, radios, and films.
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 Report writing is making a detailed statement about the company, an event, a
situation, and/or an occurrence which is based on an observation, investigations, and
inquiries.

TYPES AND CHARACTERISTICS OF VARIOUS REPORTS

Formal Report – is a complex account either written or oral that uses formal
and structured language and is usually applied in major projects and
organizations.

• Informational - presents result, information, and updates and

explains
Examples:
▪ attendance reports
▪ annual budget reports
▪ monthly financial reports

• Analytical - presents, analyzes, and draws conclusions from

reports and shows the why and the how of an
occurrence
Examples:
▪ scientific research
▪ feasibility reports,
▪ employee appraisals
• Recommendatory- presents recommendation based on the
results and conclusions
Example:
▪ recommendation report

Informal Report – communicates, updates information using free-flowing,

casual and short formats usually about routines and everyday business

Examples:
▪ progress reports
▪ feasibility report
▪ literature review
▪ personnel evaluation
▪ report on sales

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BASIC STRUCTURES OF REPORTS

I. Title page

I. Abstract

I I. List of Figures and Tables

IV. Introduction

V. Body (varies according to type of report)

VI. Conclusions

VII. Recommendations

VII . References

IX. Appendices

How did you find the new information you have learned? I hope it could help you as
you accomplish the exercises that follow. Good luck!

WHAT I CAN DO

ACTIVITY 2

Identify the following reports reports and describe them according to purpose,
and structure. Write your answers in your notebook.

1. SCHOOL FORM 9 (Report Card)

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PURPOSE:

STRUCTURE:

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2.

accessed from: https://www.sampletemplates.com/business-templates/report/sample-report-in-pdf.html

PURPOSE:

STRUCTURE:

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 LESSON 2

DESIGNING THE SURVEY

QUESTIONNAIRE

WHAT IS IT

A survey is a general view, examination, or description of someone or

something. It also refers to looking carefully and thoroughly at (someone or
something), especially to assess them. When you want to do a survey, you need a
questionnaire to help get the information that you need. A good questionnaire should
be valid, reliable, clear, and interesting. When we say,

Valid - it asks what it intends to ask.

Reliable – it gets the same answer if the same

question is posed repeatedly in a short time.

Clear – it is easily understood.

Interesting – it is completed by the respondents

and gets better response rate
https://pxhere.com/en/photo/1570335 The design of the questionnaire should not
be taken for granted to be able to get accurate data. A bad questionnaire may lead to
wrong conclusions since data collected may not be correct.

Remember these when you create a survey questionnaire:

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 Ask the right questions
Use appropriate format
Arrange the questions logically
Design Make instructions clear

Do pilot testing
Detect flaws
Test

Make necessary changes

Improve the questionnaire
Revise

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Let us discuss each thoroughly.

DESIGN

• Ask the right questions

Questions may be “close-ended” or “open-ended.” You can use either

depending on the data that you want to get from your respondents.

“Close-ended” questions provide options to the respondents and require them

to choose one or more items from the list. This is used if the range of answers are well
known and the options are limited.

For example: Do you have a computer at home? yes no

“Open-ended” questions allow the respondent to express their opinions freely

and they are not restricted by the options. This is used if the answer options are
multiple and unknown. The answers to the open-ended questions require re-grouping
before analysis.

For example: What are the reasons why students do not have computers
at home? (You can list one or two reasons)

The options available should be comprehensive so that the respondent can find
an option which best suits his/ her answer. You can include an “Other: please specify
” category as one of the options. You can also let them check as many items
as applicable but be sure to mention it in your options.

For example: Why do you want to have a computer? (You can choose
more than one)

I need it for my projects in school.

I want to play online games.

My friends have computers.

I want to use it for business.

Others: Please specify:

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 In questions that involve assessing attitudes or giving opinions, a scale with a
range of responses is preferred to a yes/no answer. Likert scale (usually 5-point or 7-
point) is a commonly used method.

For example:

Questions Strongly Agree Neutral Strongly Disagree

agree disagree

We should have a computer

at home.

In a questionnaire which has many parts, some of which need not be answered
by the respondent, filtering is used to guide the respondent to answer only the
relevant questions. However, you should avoid using too much filtering as this may
confuse the respondents and make the questionnaire complicated.

For example:

Do you have a computer at home? Yes No

If your answer is no, proceed to question no. 4.

Avoid double-barreled questions. It is a common mistake that refers to asking

two things in one question.

For example: Do you have a computer and a laptop at home?

Avoid ambiguous questions. Be clear and specific in constructing your

question.

• Use Appropriate Format

This is important because the “look” of the questionnaire may decide whether
the respondent is going to fill it up or not.

The title should be highlighted and should reflect the main objective of the
research. If possible, divide the questionnaire into sections according to the content
(e.g. boxes with bold headings) and it should flow smoothly from one section to another
with appropriate filtering.

If your respondents involve older persons, a bigger font size should be used.
Finally, include a cover letter stating the objective of your study, and your affiliations.
Most importantly, it should include a confidentiality clause. This is to inform your
respondents on how you are going to use the collected information.

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 • Arrange the questions
logically

The order of the questions

should flow in a logical sequence.
Start with simple questions and
move to more complex questions.
You can start with the demographic
profile like age, address, and others.

• Make instructions clear

Instructions should be very

clear and introductory comments
should be appropriate. Short
instructions help the respondents
understand easily and help them set
their mind on answering the
questions.

The respondents should be

told exactly what is wanted.

For example:

Place a check mark in the

box if you experienced pain on the
From:https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d8/Musculoskeletal_s particular back or X it doesn’t.
urvey_Nordic_questionnaire.png

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TEST

A pilot test is a crucial step in the design of questionnaire before data

collection
begins. It will help detect flaws in the questionnaire in terms of content,
grammar, and format.

You can ask your colleagues, family, or friends to comment on the

questionnaire. By doing so, mistakes in terms of content, grammar, and
or format will be lessened. This should be followed by asking the potential
respondents to answer the questionnaire and provide their feedback. For
those questions which you feel may be confusing or sensitive, it is
important to ask the respondents to comment specifically during the pilot
test.

REVISE

You will evaluate for general content, organization, and tone, by

adding, deleting, and organizing information if necessary. When revising,
it can be helpful to answer these questions:

Who is your audience?

Are your objectives enough?

Have you included enough information?

Do you have more information than you need?

Have you chosen the proper words to express

your ideas? Are you wordy, repetitive, or

inconsistent?

When you have done all of these, you have crafted a good survey
questionnaire. It does not seem easy at first but when you start doing it,
you will find it very helpful.

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 WHAT I CAN DO

ACTIVITY 4. DESIGN

Design your own survey questionnaire about a family’s favorite

pastime or hobby during the Enhanced Community Quarantine days in
your community. Write it in your notebook.

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