Indu Altimeter Manual: © Kanardia D.O.O. September 2020
Indu Altimeter Manual: © Kanardia D.O.O. September 2020
Indu Altimeter Manual: © Kanardia D.O.O. September 2020
Manual
© Kanardia d.o.o.
September 2020
Revision 1.7
Altimeter — Manual
Contact Information
Publisher and producer:
Kanardia d.o.o.
Lopata 24a
SI-3000
Slovenia
A lot of useful and recent information can be also found on the In-
ternet. See http://www.kanardia.eu for more details.
Copyright
This document is published under the Creative Commons, Attribution-
ShareAlike 3.0 Unported licence. Full license is available on http://
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/legalcode web page
and a bit more human readable summary is given on
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/. In short, the
license gives you right to copy, reproduce and modify this document
if:
you distribute the resulting work only under the same or similar
license to this one.
Credits
This document was written using TeX Live (LATEX) based document
creation system using Kile running on Linux operating system. Most
1 © Kanardia 2015-2020
Altimeter — Manual
of the figures were drawn using Open Office Draw, Inkscape and
QCad applications. Photos and scanned material was processed using
Gimp. All document sources are freely available on request under the
licence mentioned above and can be obtained by email. Please send
requests to info@kanardia.eu.
Revision History
The following table shows the revision history of this document.
2 © Kanardia 2015-2020
Altimeter — Manual CONTENTS
Contents
1 Introduction 5
1.1 General Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.2 Technical Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1.3 Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
1.3.1 Scale Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
1.3.2 Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1.3.3 Backup Battery Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2 Installation 10
2.1 Mounting & Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.2 Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
2.2.1 Static Pressure - Pst . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.2.2 CAN Bus - CAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.2.3 Illumination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
2.2.4 Power - POWER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
2.2.5 Green 6-Pin Connector - Backup Battery . . . 15
3 Adjustments 15
3.1 Altitude Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
3.2 Airspeed Adjustment - Auto Zero . . . . . . . . . . . 16
3.3 Toggle QNH hPa – inHg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
3.4 Toggle Illumination Knob . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
5 Troubleshooting 19
5.1 Freeze During Engine Start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
3 © Kanardia 2015-2020
Altimeter — Manual CONTENTS
6 Sensor Calibration 20
6.1 Calibration Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
6.2 Pressure Altitude Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
6.3 Altitude Derivative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
7 Backup Battery 22
7.1 Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
7.2 Normal Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
7.3 Capacity Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
7.4 Connection Schematics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
7.4.1 Solution With One Switch . . . . . . . . . . . 24
7.4.2 Solution with Two Switches . . . . . . . . . . 25
7.5 CAN Bus Power Schematics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
8 Slave Version 26
9 Limited Conditions 27
9.1 Warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
9.2 TSO Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
4 © Kanardia 2015-2020
Altimeter — Manual 1. Introduction
1 Introduction
First of all, we would like to thank you for purchasing our device.
Indu altimeter is an electronic device, which mimics classical altime-
ter construction and combines it with the state of the art electronics.
This results in the best of both worlds; a perfect and intuitive ana-
logue reading combined with high precision of modern electronics.
This manual describes the technical description of the unit, installa-
tion and operation.
5 © Kanardia 2015-2020
Altimeter — Manual 1.2 Technical Specification
(a) 57 mm
(b) 80 mm
6 © Kanardia 2015-2020
Altimeter — Manual 1.2 Technical Specification
Description Value
Altitude range -500 ∼ 16000 m, (-1500 ∼ 50000
ft )
Sensor calibration standard: -500 ∼ 6000 m
extended: -500 ∼ 16000 m
Weight 57 mm: 180 g
80 mm: 240 g
Size 57 mm: 62 x 62 x 45 (64 with con-
nectors) mm
80 mm: 82 x 82 x 55 (74 with con-
nectors) mm
Operational voltage 6 ∼ 32 V
Power consumption 1.44 W
Current 120 mA at 12 V
60 mA at 24 V
Operating temperature -20 ∼ +60 ◦ C
Storage temperature -30 ∼ +85 ◦ C
Humidity 30 ∼ 90 %, non condensing
Barometric sensor 24 bit, 10 ∼ 1200 hPa, 20 cm res-
olution
QNH range 590 ∼ 1080 hPa, (17.42 ∼ 31.89
inHg)
Internal logger storage more than 50 h, 1 s interval
Communication CAN bus, 29 bit header, 500 kbit,
Kanardia protocol
7 © Kanardia 2015-2020
Altimeter — Manual 1.3 Options
Description Value
Weight 305 g
Power consumption 3.84 W (when charging)
Current 320 mA at 12 V(when charging)
160 mA at 24 V(when charging)
Operating temperature -10 ∼ +50 ◦ C
Storage temperature -30 ∼ +60 ◦ C
Backup battery Lithium iron phosphate (3.3 V)
Charging time from 0 to 100 % 2 h 30 min
Backup time 1 h 30 min (Altimeter only)
Backup time 40 min (150 mA load on CAN bus)
Max backup power output 150 mA at 12 V(to CAN bus)
1.3 Options
The instrument comes in a few variants regarding scale and backup
battery. LCD display can have options, too.
The instrument can be delivered with two different scales. One scale
is in feet and the other scale is in meters.
The scale must be specified at the time of order.
The QNH (baro-correction) units are also optional. You can choose
between:
8 © Kanardia 2015-2020
Altimeter — Manual 1.3 Options
1.3.2 Display
In the case of backup battery, battery status is shown in far top right
corner.
If you want a different LCD display layout, you can configure it your-
self with our Customizer desktop application. This option requires
Kanardia’s Blu device for transfering the configuration from your
android device to your Indu Altimeter. Please read our Customizer
Manual for more information.
9 © Kanardia 2015-2020
Altimeter — Manual 2. Installation
2 Installation
The Indu altimeter requires a standard size 57/80 mm hole in the
instrument panel. The position of the hole must ensure good access
to the instrument for the QNH adjustments and it must be always
visible from the pilot’s perspective.
10 © Kanardia 2015-2020
Altimeter — Manual 2.1 Mounting & Dimensions
(a) 57 mm
(b) 80 mm
11 © Kanardia 2015-2020
Altimeter — Manual 2.2 Connections
2.2 Connections
Figures 4 and 5 illustrate all connections at the back side of the
instruments.
12 © Kanardia 2015-2020
Altimeter — Manual 2.2 Connections
Connection to the CAN bus is optional and is not required for the
normal operation.
Use standard RJ45 ethernet cable to connect it with other Kanardia
equipment.
When connected to the bus, altimeter will transmit altitude, QNH
and vario to other units connected to the bus. At the same time it
will serve as a data logger - it will log most of relevant information
provided on the bus.
Please note that CAN bus must be terminated. Typically, this means
that one of the connecting instruments must have a terminator plug
installed.
In addition, altimeter also provides limited power (about 1 A at 12
V) for devices connected on the CAN bus. For example: you can
connect Indu slave vario to the altimeter and vario will get power
from CAN bus.
13 © Kanardia 2015-2020
Altimeter — Manual 2.2 Connections
2.2.3 Illumination
LCD display brightness level can be adjusted. Here are two options:
new instruments have a push-rotate knob, while older instruments
have only rotating knob. When Indu Altimeter is connected to the
CAN bus, the knob adjusts brightness of all instruments connected
to the bus.
On instruments with a push knob, simply push the knob, adjust the
brightness and push the knob once more.
For instruments with only rotation knob, an optional external il-
lumination knob can be connected to the back of the instrument.
Illumination knob part number is I-ALT-ILLUM and it must be or-
dered separately. Please refer also to section 3.4 on page 18 for the
activation procedure.
14 © Kanardia 2015-2020
Altimeter — Manual 3. Adjustments
This connector is used only with the backup battery option. Out of
6 pins, only pin 1 and pin 2 are in use and pins 3-6 are not used.
When pins 1 and 2 are connected together (shorted), then the backup
battery circuit is active. Please refer to section 7.4 on page 24 for
more details.
3 Adjustments
The QNH knob is used to perform some adjustments of Indu Altime-
ter. In fact, this knob may be also used to adjust IAS, when such
instrument is connected to the CAN bus.
15 © Kanardia 2015-2020
Altimeter — Manual 3.2 Airspeed Adjustment - Auto Zero
4. Turn the knob to select 1013 hPa (29.91 inHg) and wait for a
moment. Again, you have to reach this value before cyan line
disappears.
5. Now a full cyan line appears and the LCD display is slightly
altered. It shows the offset and the altitude. Turn the knob
until Indu Altimeter shows the same altitude as the reference
altimeter. Wait for cyan line to disappear.
This completes the sensor offset procedure.
1020 → 1030 → 1013 for hPa or 30.12 → 30.42 → 29.91 for inHg.
16 © Kanardia 2015-2020
Altimeter — Manual 3.3 Toggle QNH hPa – inHg
1. Turn QNH until it shows 1020 hPa (30.12 inHg) and wait for
about three seconds for a short cyan line to appear on top of
LCD display.
3. Turn the knob to 1013 hPa (29.91 inHg) to complete the pro-
cedure. Cyan line disappears and no other visual feedback is
shown on either indicator.
1020 → 1025 → 1013 for hPa or 30.12 → 30.27 → 29.91 for inHg.
Part of the LCD display is also a QNH value. This value can be
shown in hPa or in inHg units. You can change the units using next
procedure:
1. Turn the knob until it shows 1020 hPa (30.12 inHg) and wait
for about three seconds for a short cyan line to appear on top
of LCD display.
3. Turn the knob to 1013 hPa (29.91 inHg) to complete the proce-
dure. Observe the units and values next to QNH. They changed
from hPa to inHg and vice versa.
17 © Kanardia 2015-2020
Altimeter — Manual 3.4 Toggle Illumination Knob
1020 → 1035 → 1013 for hPa or 30.12 → 30.56 → 29.91 for inHg.
1. Turn QNH until it shows 1020 hPa (30.12 inHg) and wait for
about three seconds for a short cyan line to appear on top of
LCD display.
3. Turn the knob to 1013 hPa (29.91 inHg) to complete the pro-
cedure.
4. Finally, you need to turn off Indu Altimeter and then back on
in order to activate the change.
18 © Kanardia 2015-2020
Altimeter — Manual 5. Troubleshooting
5 Troubleshooting
5.1 Freeze During Engine Start
In certain aircraft installations instrument freezes and then reboots
itself, when some large current consumers are switched on. This is
caused by a very short voltage drop as a consequence of the con-
sumer’s power demand.
A simple electronic circuit illustrated on Figure 6 may help in this
case. The circuit consist of two elements.
Diode
1N5818G
+12 V
Instrument
GND Capacitor
1000 μF, 25V, 108°C
19 © Kanardia 2015-2020
Altimeter — Manual 6. Sensor Calibration
20 © Kanardia 2015-2020
Altimeter — Manual 6.3 Altitude Derivative
# −g00
T0 + T00 · z
"
RT
0
p = p0 (1)
T0
" #
g0 (z − z1 )
p = p1 exp − (2)
RT1
The equations converts geopotential altitude into pressure. Here z
means geopotential altitude, g0 = 9.806645 m/s2 is gravity constant,
R = 287.0528 N · m/kg · K. is gas constant for dry air, p0 = 1013.25
hPa is standard pressure at sea level, p1 = 226.321 hPa is standard
pressure at throposphere/thropopause limit, z1 = 11000 m is geopo-
tential altitude of the limit, T0 = 288.15 K is temperature at sea
level, T1 = 216.65 K is temperature at limit and T00 = −0.0065 K/m
is temperature gradient in throposphere.
Besides the equations given below, their inverse and derivatives of
inverse are also used.
21 © Kanardia 2015-2020
Altimeter — Manual 7. Backup Battery
7 Backup Battery
Some altimeters are quipped with an integrated backup battery. The
battery provides backup power in the case when main power bus fails.
7.1 Symbols
The following symbols are used to indicate the status of the backup
system. The symbols are visible in top right corner of the LCD
display.
Backup battery system failure. Altimeter may work
as long as the main power bus is working, but
backup battery will not work. The symbol is flush-
ing.
Altimeter is running on backup battery. Less then
10% capacity is available. Altimeter can shut off
anytime. The symbol is flushing.
Altimeter is running on backup battery. Less then
30% capacity is available.
Altimeter is running on backup battery. Less then
70% capacity is available.
Altimeter is running on backup battery. Between
70% – 100% capacity is available.
A flashing arrow indicates that the backup battery
is being charged. Capacity symbols are the same as
above.
Small green rectangle - battery is fully charged and
it is in stand-by mode.
22 © Kanardia 2015-2020
Altimeter — Manual 7.2 Normal Operation
1. Run the altimeter on the system bus until the battery is fully
charged – wait until the small green rectangle appears on the
screen. This indicates that battery was fully charged.
23 © Kanardia 2015-2020
Altimeter — Manual 7.4 Connection Schematics
24 © Kanardia 2015-2020
Altimeter — Manual 7.5 CAN Bus Power Schematics
In this case you are using two independent SPST switches. They
allow you to get all four combinations from the table above.
25 © Kanardia 2015-2020
Altimeter — Manual 8. Slave Version
8 Slave Version
A slave version of Indu altimeter also exists. The slave version does
not have own sensors and depends on some external master device.
The master and slave devices must be connected with CAN bus.
The slave must get all information from the CAN bus. If any of the
information is missing a red cross will appear on the LCD display
over the part for which the information is missing.
In the case of slave altimeter, one of the following devices can be used
as master: Horis, Emsis PFD, Aetos PFD, Nesis PFD, Indu Combo
and standard Indu altimeter.
For the reasons mentioned above, the following parts of this manual
do not apply for the slave altimeter.
6 Sensor Calibration.
7 Backup Battery.
26 © Kanardia 2015-2020
Altimeter — Manual 9. Limited Conditions
Please refer to the master device manual for more details about pres-
sure sensor adjustment.
9 Limited Conditions
Although a great care was taken during the design, production, stor-
age and handling, it may happen that the Product will be defective
in some way. Please read the following sections about the warranty
and the limited operation to get more information about the subject.
9.1 Warranty
Kanardia d.o.o. warrants the Product manufactured by it against
defects in material and workmanship for a period of twenty-four (24)
months from retail purchase.
Warranty Coverage
27 © Kanardia 2015-2020
Altimeter — Manual 9.1 Warranty
28 © Kanardia 2015-2020
Altimeter — Manual 9.1 Warranty
Limitation of Liability
29 © Kanardia 2015-2020
Altimeter — Manual 9.2 TSO Information
30 © Kanardia 2015-2020