4BI0 2B Que 20130613
4BI0 2B Que 20130613
4BI0 2B Que 20130613
Edexcel
International GCSE
Biology
Unit: KBI0/4BI0
Paper: 2B
Instructions
t Use black ink or ball-point pen.
t Fill in the boxes at the top of this page with your name,
centre number and candidate number.
t Answer all questions.
t Answer the questions in the spaces provided
– there may be more space than you need.
t Show all the steps in any calculations and state the units.
Information
t The total mark for this paper is 60.
t The marks for each question are shown in brackets
– use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.
Advice
t Keep
Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
t Write anyoureyeanswers
on the time.
t Try to answer everyneatly and in good English.
t Check your answersquestion.
t if you have time at the end.
Turn over
P41553A
©2013 Pearson Education Ltd.
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1/1/1/1/1/
Answer ALL questions.
1 Read the passage below. Use the information in the passage and your own knowledge
to answer the questions that follow.
All the young plants produced from the original cell or piece of tissue are clones.
The sterile conditions in which they have been grown allow these plants to
be disease free. Micropropagation can also produce plants which are free of
10 pathogens such as viruses.
The process has been used to create large numbers of palm oil plants. The oil
extracted from these plants can be used in a wide variety of food and consumer
products. It can also be used to make biofuel for use as a sustainable energy
20 source in cars.
The increased demand for the use of palm oil has had serious environmental
consequences, with huge areas of rainforest being destroyed to make way
for fresh plantations. Today, Malaysia and Indonesia account for 90 per
cent of global production. Indonesia already has six million hectares of oil
25 palm plantations, with plans for another four million by 2015 dedicated to
biofuel production. This destruction of habitat will result in more rainforests
disappearing, pushing several species such as the orangutan towards extinction.
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(a) Name one base found in DNA (line 3).
(1)
(c) Suggest why amino acids are provided in the growth medium (line 5).
(1)
(e) Suggest two reasons why growers prefer to use micropropagation rather than
sexual methods of reproduction to produce good quality flowers (lines 11 to 14).
(2)
(f ) Suggest what is meant by the term sustainable energy source (lines 19 and 20).
(1)
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(g) The destruction of habitat can lead to extinction of species.
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2 (a) The table describes stages in the water cycle.
transpiration
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3 The diagram shows the apparatus used to investigate how quickly water passes
through two different types of soil.
wet wet
sandy soil clay soil
measuring cylinder
Each funnel contained 200 g of dry soil. Water was poured into each funnel to make
the soil completely wet.
Then 100 cm3 of water was poured on to the wet soil in each funnel and allowed to
drain into the measuring cylinders. The volume of water collected in the cylinders
was measured every two minutes until all 100 cm3 had been collected. The table
shows the results.
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(iii) Tick the box to show the correct controlled variable in this investigation.
(1)
Variable Tick
(iv) Calculate the average rate in cm3 per minute at which water drained through
the clay soil. Show your working.
(2)
(v) The photographs show two stop clocks, A and B, that could be used to measure
the time taken for water to drain through the soil in this investigation.
Which of these two stop clocks would give a more precise reading?
Explain your answer.
(1)
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(b) Sandy soil contains large soil particles with big air spaces between them.
Clay soil contains very small soil particles with small air spaces between them and
most of these air spaces are filled with water.
(i) Suggest why many plants may find it difficult to grow in sandy soil.
(2)
(ii) Use your knowledge of how plant roots absorb mineral ions to suggest why
some plants may find it difficult to grow in clay soil.
(2)
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4 (a) Lactose is a sugar found in milk. It is digested by an enzyme called lactase. Some
people cannot make lactase. The condition they have is called lactose intolerance.
The condition is caused by a recessive allele. This means that only people with
the homozygous recessive genotype can be lactose intolerant.
(ii) State the two possible genotypes of an individual who is not lactose intolerant.
Use the symbols D for the dominant allele and d for the recessive allele.
(2)
Mother Father
Parents
Children
(ii) What is the probability that the children are lactose intolerant?
(1)
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(c) People from different countries were tested to find out if they were lactose intolerant.
The table shows the number of people who were tested in each country and the
percentage who were lactose intolerant.
Answer ....................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(ii) Suggest a reason why the value of 100% for country H may not be correct.
(1)
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5 The skin is an organ of homeostasis and excretion.
(b) The diagram shows a section through the skin with two structures labelled A and B.
The structures labelled A and B play a part in homeostasis when a person enters a
very warm environment.
(i) Explain the role of structure A.
(3)
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(ii) Explain the role of structure B.
(3)
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6 A student found the following instructions for making yoghurt on the internet.
digital
thermometer
saucepan
milk
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(c) Explain why the milk must be cooled to 46 °C.
(2)
(d) Explain why the yoghurt is kept in a warm place for 8 hours.
(2)
(e) Changes take place to the pH of the yoghurt when it is kept warm for 8 hours.
Describe and explain how the change in pH helps to preserve the yoghurt.
(3)
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