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04 Symbiosis Practice

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Symbiosis Practice Name: _______________________________

Symbiosis--A close, long-term relationship among two or more species that live and interact together.
There are 3 types of Symbiotic Relationships:
1) Parasitism-- A relationship in which one organism feeds on and lives in or on another organism. The parasite
benefits and the host organism is harmed
2) Mutualism-- A relationship in which both members benefit
3) Commensalism--A relationship in which one member benefits, but the other organism is neither benefit nor harmed

Indicate which type of symbiotic relationship each of the following relationships show:
Parasitism, Mutualism, or
Symbiosis Description
Commensalism?
1. Mycorrhizae are associations between fungi and the roots of plants. The fungi
provide minerals to the plant, and the plant provides food the fungi.
2. Egrets are beautiful white birds that roost on the back of cows. The cows are
not affected.
3. Tapeworms inhabit the intestines of dogs. They feed on food the dog is
digesting. While they do not usually kill the dog, they can weaken the dog,
making it susceptible to other illnesses.
4. The stinging tentacles of the sea anemone do not hurt the clownfish. Instead,
the fish are protected from predators and feed on the sea anemone’s leftovers as
they swim among its tentacles. The anemone gets protection from predators from
the clownfish
5. Athlete’s foot is caused by a fungus that grows on the warm moist skin of the
people, often around the toes of the feet. It my cause severe itching and cracking
of the skin.
6. The ramora is a small fish with a sucker on its head that attaches to the
underside of a shark. It feeds on the sharks’ leftovers. The shark is unaffected by
the ramora.
7. Lichens are a combination of an alga and a fungus. The alga produces food for
the fungus; the fungus provides protection for the alga and supplies needed
nutrients.
8. A robin builds a nest in a tree. The tree provides protection for the nest, but is
not harmed by the presence of the nest.
9. A tick lands on a dog. It feeds on the dog’s blood. Large infestations may
weaken the dog and make it susceptible to other illnesses.
10. In Africa there exists an unusual relationship between ants and the Acacia
tree. The tree sap provides food for the ants, and the ants protect the tree from
predators.
11. There is a white bird that feeds on the particles of food left between the
Hippopotamus’ teeth. The hippo does not harm the bird and benefits from the
teeth cleaning.
12.. Heartworm larvas infect the dogs hearts, where they may live for some time
before killing the dog.
13. Barnacles have no means of location and may reside on the skin of the whale.
The whale is unaware that the barnacles are there, but the barnacles get a free ride
from place to place.
14. Ringworm is really a type of fungus that causes a ring shaped itchy place on
the skin of humans. The fungus obtains food from human skin, and the human
can become quite miserable.
15. Bromeliads grow in the canopy of the tropical rainforest. They live in the
tops of trees to obtain sunlight. They do not obtain nourishment from the tree or
harm the tree.

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