Assignment No. 1 Historical Antecedents in The World

Assignment No.
1
Historical Antecedents in the World
1. List down the scientific discoveries and technological breakthroughs in each

period. You may conduct additional researches and share what you have found
in the class. (2 points each = 18 points)
a. Ancient Times to 600 BC
1. Papyrus- an ancient form of paper, made from the papyrus plant, a reed which grows in the
marshy areas around the Nile river.
2. Healing/medical practices- Most historians agree that the heart of Egyptian medicine was trial
and error. Egyptian doctors would try one remedy, and if it worked, they would continue to use
it. If a remedy they tried didn’t work, the patient might die, but at least the doctors learned that
next time they should try a different remedy.
3. Compasses- As early as 1,000 years before Christ, the Chinese were using compasses to aid
themselves in their travels.
b. Advent of Science (600 BC to 500 AD)
1. This period produced substantial advances in scientific knowledge, especially in anatomy,

zoology, botany, mineralogy, geography, mathematics and astronomy.
2. An awareness of the importance of certain scientific problems, especially those related to
the problem of change and its cause.
3. A recognition of the methodological importance of applying mathematics to
natural phenomena and of undertaking empirical research.
c. Islamic Golden Age
1. Astronomy was useful in determining the Qibla, which is the direction in which
to pray, botany is applied in agriculture and geography enabled scientists to make accurate maps.
2. Mathematics also flourished during the Islamic Golden Age with the works of Al- Khwarizmi,
Avicenna and Jamshid al Kashi that led to advanced in algebra, trigonometry, geometry and Arabic
numerals.
3. Medicine- Al-Biruni, and Avicenna produced books that contain descriptions of the preparation of
hundred of drugs made from medicinal plants and chemical compounds.
d. Ancient China and the Far East
1. compass 4. printing
2. gunpower
3. papermaking
These were considered as among the most important technological advances and were only known
to Europe 1000 years later or during the end of the Middle ages. These four inventions had a profound impact
on the development of civilization throughout the world.
e. Renaissance
1. Development of printing with movable metal type- the development of printing

amounted to a communications revolution of the order of the invention of writing;; and,
like that prehistoric discovery, it transformed the conditions of life.
f. Enlightenment Period
1. Isaac Newton published his “Principia Mathematica” (1686) and John Locke his
“Essay Concerning Human Understanding” (1689)—two works that provided the
scientific, mathematical and philosophical toolkit for the Enlightenment’s major advances.
2. Isaac Newton’s epochal accomplishment in his Principia Mathematica consists in the
comprehension of a diversity of physical phenomena– in particular the motions of
heavenly bodies, together with the motions of sublunary bodies – in few relatively simple,
universally applicable, mathematical laws, was a great stimulus to the intellectual activity
of the eighteenth century and served as a model and inspiration for the researches of a
number of Enlightenment thinkers.
g. Industrial Revolution
1. The use of new basic materials, chiefly iron and steel.

2. The use of new energy sources, including both fuels and motive power, such as coal, the
steam engine, electricity, petroleum, and the internal-combustion engine.
3. The invention of new machines, such as the spinning jenny and the power loom that
permitted increased production with a smaller expenditure of human energy.
4. A new organization of work known as the factory system, which entailed increased
division of labor and specialization of function.
h. 20th century
1. The start of the 20th century was strongly marked by Einstein’s formulation of the theory of
relativity (1905) including the unifying concept of energy related to mass and the speed of
light: E = mc 2 .
2. In the second half of the 20th century several branches of science continued to make great
progress and we here list physics, chemistry, biology, geology and astronomy.
3. Modern physics grew in the 20th into a primary discipline contributing to all today’s basic
natural sciences, astronomy, chemistry and biology.
- Physics has enabled us to understand the basic components of matter and we are well on
the way to an ever more consistent and unitary understanding of the entire structure of natural
reality, which we discover as being made up not only of matter and energy but also of
information and forms.
- Biology too, with the discovery of DNA and the development of genetics, allows us to
penetrate the fundamental processes of life and to intervene in the gene pool of certain
organisms by imitating some of these natural mechanisms.
i. Fourth Industrial Revolution
1. Artificial intelligence (AI) describes computers that can “think” like humans —
recognizing complex patterns, processing information, drawing conclusions, and making
recommendations.
2. Virtual reality (VR) offers immersive digital experiences (using a VR headset) that
simulate the real world, while augmented reality merges the digital and physical worlds.
3. Robotics refers to the design, manufacture, and use of robots for personal and
commercial use.
4. 3D printing allows manufacturing businesses to print their own parts, with less tooling, at
a lower cost, and faster than via traditional processes.
5. Internet of things (IoT)- describes the idea of everyday items — from medical wearables
that monitor users’ physical condition to cars and tracking devices inserted into parcels —
being connected to the internet and identifiable by other devices.
2. If given a chance to live back in time and considering the influence of

science and technology in the society and the environment, which
period would you choose and why? Would you prefer a less
technologically driven society or you wouldn’t trade the comforts of
modern life? (5 points)
● If I am given a chance to live back in time and considering the influence of
science and technology in the society and the environment, I would
choose the Industrial revolution period because it transformed
economies that had been based on agriculture and handicrafts into
economies based on large-scale industry, mechanized manufacturing, and
the factory system. New machines, new power sources, and new ways of
organizing work made existing industries more productive and efficient. I
would trade the comforts of modern life, most especially in terms of using
technology because it affects the way individuals communicate, learn, and
think. It helps society and determines how people interact with each other
on a daily basis. Technology plays an important role in society today. But,
it has positive and negative effects on the world and it impacts daily lives.
Film Viewing (10 points)
1. Watch Stephen Colbert’s interview with Neil Tyson on YouTube

(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YXh9RQCvxmg&noredirect=1)
and then answer the following guide questions.
Guide Questions:
1. Stephen Colbert starts the interview by asking Dr. Neil de Grasse

Tyson, “Is it better to know or not to know?” Ponder on this
question and decide which one is better. Give as many reasons
as to why.
● I believe it is better to know. Tyson also believes it is better to
know, and he gives many reasons as to why. He claims, "It
knowledge empowers you to react." Having knowledge gives
you a reason to do something about it, if something needs to be
done. I thought this was a very powerful thing for him to say,
and maybe I find it powerful because I find it true. Sometimes
ignorance is not always bliss, and having knowledge could be
valuable. And also, it's better to know than never because
ignorance of the law excuses no one. You have to know
everything .The existence in the world without knowing is
useless. Don't be afraid of the result. Life is time to discover,
any consequences of problem will comes to an end with the
solution
2. Enumerate the various statements that Dr. Neil de Grasse Tyson

said about the importance of science literacy and its relationship
to society.
● Dr. Tyson said that “If you’re scientifically literate, the world looks
very different to you. It’s not just a lot of mysterious things
happening. There’s a lot we understand out there. And that
understanding empowers you to first, not be taken advantage of
by others who do understand it. And second, there are issues
that confront society that have science as their foundation, if
you’re not scientifically literate, you are disenfranchising yourself
from the democratic process and you don’t even know it.”

Assignment No. 1 Historical Antecedents in The World

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Assignment No. 1 Historical Antecedents in The World

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Assignment No. 1 Historical Antecedents in The World

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Assignment No.

1. List down the scientific discoveries and technological breakthroughs in each

a. Ancient Times to 600 BC

b. Advent of Science (600 BC to 500 AD)

1. This period produced substantial advances in scientific knowledge, especially in anatomy,

c. Islamic Golden Age

1. Development of printing with movable metal type- the development of printing

1. The use of new basic materials, chiefly iron and steel.

i. Fourth Industrial Revolution

2. If given a chance to live back in time and considering the influence of

Film Viewing (10 points)

1. Watch Stephen Colbert’s interview with Neil Tyson on YouTube

1. Stephen Colbert starts the interview by asking Dr. Neil de Grasse

2. Enumerate the various statements that Dr. Neil de Grasse Tyson

You might also like