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    Chapter 6 - Reading Guide

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    This document provides a reading guide and overview of key terms and concepts from Chapter 6 of Meyerhoff (2019) on language vitality and diglossia. It discusses [1] factors that influence a language's vitality such as status, demography, and institutional support; [2] the relationship between high and low varieties in a diglossic community; and [3] the concepts of code switching and code mixing between language varieties. The chapter uses examples from South Africa, Vanuatu, Canada, and Wales to illustrate these linguistic concepts.

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    Chapter 6 - Reading Guide

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    This document provides a reading guide and overview of key terms and concepts from Chapter 6 of Meyerhoff (2019) on language vitality and diglossia. It discusses [1] factors that influence a language's vitality such as status, demography, and institutional support; [2] the relationship between high and low varieties in a diglossic community; and [3] the concepts of code switching and code mixing between language varieties. The chapter uses examples from South Africa, Vanuatu, Canada, and Wales to illustrate these linguistic concepts.

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    This document provides a reading guide and overview of key terms and concepts from Chapter 6 of Meyerhoff (2019) on language vitality and diglossia. It discusses [1] factors that influence a language's vitality such as status, demography, and institutional support; [2] the relationship between high and low varieties in a diglossic community; and [3] the concepts of code switching and code mixing between language varieties. The chapter uses examples from South Africa, Vanuatu, Canada, and Wales to illustrate these linguistic concepts.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    75 views3 pages

    Chapter 6 - Reading Guide

    Uploaded by

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    This document provides a reading guide and overview of key terms and concepts from Chapter 6 of Meyerhoff (2019) on language vitality and diglossia. It discusses [1] factors that influence a language's vitality such as status, demography, and institutional support; [2] the relationship between high and low varieties in a diglossic community; and [3] the concepts of code switching and code mixing between language varieties. The chapter uses examples from South Africa, Vanuatu, Canada, and Wales to illustrate these linguistic concepts.

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    of 3

    LING 1020, Fall 2020

    Reading guide for Chapter 6 of Meyerhoff (2019), pages 114-142

    Here is a list of key terms and ideas you need to know. Write a definition or explanation for each
    one as you read Chapter 6. They are in the same order as they appear in the chapter.
    Make sure you understand the examples and case studies mentioned in the chapter (in particular,
    what happened in South Africa, Vanuatu, Canada, Wales).

     vitality: Demographic, social and institutional strength of a language and its speakers
     diglossia (as on page 115):- two closely related languages are used in a speech
    community
    o High (H) functions: church ,newspapers
    o Low (L) functions: home, market

    Ethnolinguistic Vitality

     ethnolinguistic vitality- measure of strength and liveliness of a language, indicator of


    likelihood that it will gradualy die out or continue to be used
    o high vitality: if spoken and widely used

     three clusters of factors involved in vitality:


    o 1) status: economic, social, sociohistorical
    o 2) demography: national territory, concentration, proportion, numbers
    o 3) institutional support:mass media, edu, gov, services, industry, culture

     Status factors influencing language vitality


    o social status: ethnolinguistic vitality of that variety will be higher too
    o historical status:

     Institutional factors influencing language vitality

    1
    o institutional support: widespread use of a language in _mass media, medium of
    edu, and in official gov busn all increase its relative viatility
    o examples of local and home-based activities: use of lang for religious purposes
    and for cultural events
    o informal institutional support: books like the koran

     Demographic factor influencing language vitality


    o importance of the number of speakers: if one language speakers outnumber the
    other languages the long term maintenance is improved
    o “pepper-potting”: separating members of a certain language group to stop
    transmission of lang

    Diglossia in a community (starting on page 126)


     High (H) variety: higher prestige used in writing and formal contexts
     Low (L) variety: communication in home and with family and friends
     relationship between vitality and prestige: vitality gets away from confusion and avoids
    distinction between norms that people are always orienting to

    Code switching and code mixing


     code switching: alternation between varities or codes across sentences or clause
    boundries. Often used as a cover term including code mixing as well
     domain: social and physical setting in which speakers find themselves
     domain-based code switching or situational code switching: idiosyncratic and
    personalized view of the context or situation of lang use.
     addressee-based code switching: changing based on who the speaker is talking to
     passive knowledge: Ability to understand but not speak a language
     active knowledge- knowledge of a linguistic variety that includes the ability to produce
    and use that variety and not only understand it

    2
     code mixing: alternations between varieties or codes within a clause or phrase. Often
    elicits more strongly negative evaluation than alternations or code switching across
    clauses
     turn:

    Speech levels as different codes


     speech levels: replacement of vocabulary with sometimes radically different forms in the
    different styles associated with different social groups or castes

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