pr9903 - Specification For Building and Structural Works
pr9903 - Specification For Building and Structural Works
pr9903 - Specification For Building and Structural Works
For
Building and
Structural Works
Pr9903
Document No: Pr9903
Revision No: 4
Last Review Date: 29/01/2020
Next Review Date: 29/01/2022
Documents Details
This document is only valid on the day it was printed.
Version Review
Revision Reviewed by Approved by Date approved Revision type
0.1 A. Mills - 11/04/2016 Amalgamation of separate building and
structural works specifications, general
SME review
1.0 A. Mills A. Schoenmaker 21/04/2016 Written Direction – based review
2.0 B. Maule - 04/05/2017 New sections for:-
5.15 Security Fencing
5.16 Electric Sliding Gate
3.0 B. Maule A. Creevey 05/11/2018 3.1 General - update
5.8 Lighting and Power - new
5.10 Alternate Roof Sheeting and
Insulation Material – new
5.16 Waterproofing – new
5.19 Security Bollard – new
5.20 Demolition Work - new
6.4 Special Class Concrete S40 –
Calcareous Aggregate – new
6.9 Corrosion Protection - update
6.12 Production and Placing of
Concrete - update
8.15 Welding of Stainless Steel -
update
8.17 Stainless Steel Fabrications -
update
8.20 Bolts, Nuts, Washers and Jointing
Materials – update
8.21 Masonry Anchors - update
4.0 B. Maule B. Van Wegen 29/01/2020 6.22 Repair of Existing Structural
Concrete – new
8.2.3 Galvanised Steel fabricated items
insulated from concrete - new
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Contents
1. Purpose ................................................................................................................ 6
2. Scope.................................................................................................................... 6
3. Standards, Codes and Regulations .................................................................... 6
3.1. General................................................................................................................ 6
3.2. Applicable Legislation and Regulation ................................................................. 7
3.3. Codes of Practice (ratified by Legislation) ............................................................ 7
3.4. Codes of Practice (not ratified by Legislation) ...................................................... 7
3.5. International and Australian Standards ................................................................ 8
4. Definitions/Abbreviations ................................................................................. 16
5. Building Works .................................................................................................. 16
5.1. Extent of Work ................................................................................................... 16
5.2. Site Earthworks ................................................................................................. 17
5.3. Excavation and Backfilling ................................................................................. 17
5.4. Masonry ............................................................................................................. 17
5.5. Carpentry ........................................................................................................... 23
5.6. Joinery ............................................................................................................... 23
5.7. Hardware ........................................................................................................... 25
5.8. Lighting and Power ............................................................................................ 26
5.9. Plumbing ........................................................................................................... 26
5.10. Sheet Metal Roofing .......................................................................................... 27
5.11. Aluminium Windows, Doors and Louvers ........................................................... 31
5.12. Plastering .......................................................................................................... 32
5.13. Tiling .................................................................................................................. 38
5.14. Painting ............................................................................................................. 40
5.15. Termite Management ......................................................................................... 42
5.16. Waterproofing .................................................................................................... 42
5.17. Security Fencing ................................................................................................ 43
5.18. Electric Sliding Gate .......................................................................................... 44
5.19. Security bollard .................................................................................................. 47
5.20. Demolition works ............................................................................................... 48
6. Concrete Works ................................................................................................. 48
6.1. General.............................................................................................................. 48
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List of Tables
Table 1 – Sand Grading Sieve Sizes ................................................................................... 17
Table 2 – Concrete Testing Frequency ............................................................................... 65
Table 3 – Grout Performance Requirements ....................................................................... 69
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1. Purpose
1.0.1 The purpose of this Specification is to set down the minimum requirements for the construction
of building and structural work to ensure satisfactory quality of materials and workmanship in
order to achieve strength, durability, performance and quality of finish.
1.0.2 This Specification shall be read in conjunction with relevant project drawings (where
applicable), Job Specification and supplementary specifications.
2. Scope
2.0.1 This Specification applies to the provision of all plant, labour and materials and shall include all
work necessary to complete the whole of works in accordance with this Specification, the Job
Specification, other relevant Specifications and the Drawings.
2.0.2 The work shall be undertaken in accordance with the relevant sections of the Building Act 1975,
Plumbing and Drainage Act 2002, Work Health and Safety Act 1995, the Building Code of
Australia and any other relevant acts together with all amendments thereto.
2.0.3 All work shall be performed in the best tradesman like manner, fully in accordance with all
applicable standards and to the written instructions of the manufacturer. Where the
Superintendent deems that the work does not comply with the required standard, the
Contractor shall demolish and remove the offending work and carry out the work again at its
own cost.
2.0.4 This Specification shall be used in conjunction with the stated requirements of the local
government or other authority in whose area the works shall be constructed.
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Standard Title
Quality Systems
AS 2990 Quality Systems for Engineering and Construction Projects
Quality Systems for Design/Development, Production,
AS 3901
Installation and Servicing
AS 3902 Quality Systems for Production and Installation
AS 3903 Quality Systems for Final Inspection and Test
Drawings
AS 1110 Technical Drawings
AS 1101 Graphical Symbols for General Engineering
AS 1102 Graphical Symbols for Electrotechnology
Workmanship and Design
AS 1074 Steel tubes and tubulars for ordinary service
AS 1163 Structural steel hollow sections
AS 1289 Methods of testing soils for engineering purposes
AS 1302 Steel reinforcing bars for concrete
AS 1379 The specification and manufacture of concrete
AS 1554.1 Welding of steel structures
AS 1608 Preservative – Treated farm fencing timber
AS 1650 Hot-dipped galvanised coatings on ferrous articles
AS 1725 Galvanised rail-less chainwire security fences and gates
AS 1830 Iron castings – Grey cast iron
AS 2124 General Conditions of Contract
AS 2187 Explosives – Storage, transport and use
AS 2188 Explosives – Relocatable magazines for storage
AS 2423 Galvanised wire fencing products
AS 2758 Aggregates and rock for engineering purposes
AS 2868 Classification of machinery for earthmoving, etc.
AS 3600 Concrete structures
AS 3678 Structural steel – Hot-rolled plates, floor-plates and slabs
AS 3679 Structural steel – Hot-rolled bars and sections
AS 3706 Geotextiles – Methods of test
AS 3725 Loads on buried concrete pipes
Guidelines for earthworks for commercial and residential
AS 3798
developments
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Standard Title
AS 4058 Precast concrete pipes (pressure and non-pressure)
AS 4139 Fibre-reinforced concrete pipes and fittings
AS 1012 Methods of Testing Concrete
AS 1074 Steel Tubes and Tubulars for ordinary service
AS 1082 Glossary of Formwork Terms
AS 1101 Graphical Symbols for General Engineering Part 3
AS 1110 ISO Metric Precision Hexagon Bolts and Screws
AS 1214 Hot-dip galvanized coatings on threaded fasteners
AS 1275 Metric Screw Threads for Fasteners
AS 1303 Steel reinforcing wire for concrete
AS 1304 Welded wire reinforcing fabric for concrete
AS 1379 The Specification and Manufacture of Concrete
AS 1444 Wrought alloy steels
AS 1478 Chemical admixtures for concrete
AS 1553 Covered Electrodes for Manual Metal-Arc Welding
AS 1594 Hot-rolled Steel Flat Products
AS 1664 Aluminium Structures
AS 1674 Safety in Welding and Allied Processes
AS 1710 Non-destructive testing
AS 1734 Aluminium and aluminium alloys
AS 1769 Welded stainless steel tubes for plumbing applications
AS 1858 Electrodes and Fluxes for submerged-arc welding
AS 1866 Aluminium and aluminium alloys
AS 2177 Non-destructive testing
AS 2203 Cored Electrodes for Arc-Welding
AS 2207 Non-destructive testing
AS 2214 Structural Steel Welding Supervisors Certification
AS 2837 Wrought alloy steels - Stainless steel bars
AS 3678 Structural Steels – Hot rolled plates, floorplates and slabs
AS 3679 Structural Steel
AS 3735 Concrete Structures Retaining Liquids
AS 3799 Liquid membrane forming curing compounds for concrete
AS 3828 Guidelines for the erection of building steelwork
AS 3990 Mechanical Equipment- Steelwork
AS 4181 Stainless steel clamps for waterworks purposes
AS 4600 Cold-formed Steel Structures
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Standard Title
AS 4654 Waterproofing Membranes for External Aboveground Use
Code of Practice for Protection of Below Ground Structures
BS 8102
Against Water from the Ground
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Standard Title
Methods for fire tests on building materials components and
structures
AS 1530 Part 3: Simultaneous determination of ignitability, flame
propagation, heat release and smoke release
Part 4: Fire resistance tests of elements of building construction
Glazing
SAA Glass Installation Code
AS 1288 Part 1: Selection of Glass
Part 2: Glazing Techniques
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Standard Title
BS 5262 External rendered finishes
Roof Plumbing
AS 1562 Design and installation of metal roofing
AS 2180 Metal rainwater goods – selection and installation
Soils
Methods of Testing Soils for Engineering Purposes
Part E1.1 Soil compaction and density tests – Determination of
the dry density/moisture content relation of a soil using standard
compaction – Standard Method
AS 1289 Part E6.1 Compaction Control Test – Density Index Method for
a Cohesionless Material
Part E2.1 Soil Compaction and Density Tests – Determination of
the Dry/Density Moisture Content Relation of a Soil Using
Modified Compaction – Standard Method
Steelwork
AS 1538 Cold Formed Steel
AS 4100 Steel Structures Code
Timber
AS 1684 Code of Practice for Construction in Timber Framing
AS 1720 SAA Timber Engineering Code shapes
Materials
Aluminium Windows
Anodic oxidation coatings on aluminium for architectural
AS 1231
applications
AS 2047 Aluminium Windows for Buildings
Bricks and Concrete Masonry
AS 1225 Clay building bricks
AS 1226 Methods of sampling and testing clay building bricks
AS 1316 Masonry cement (metric units)
Wall ties for masonry construction (incorporating Amendment 1
AS 2699
1986)
AS 2733 Concrete masonry units
Bolts
AS 1111 ISO Metric Hexagon Commercial Bolts and Screws
ISO Metric Hexagon Nuts, including Thin Nuts, Slotted Nuts and
AS 1112
Castle Nuts
Flat Metal Washers for General Engineering Purposes (metric
AS 1237
series)
High Strength Steel Bolts with Associated Nuts and Washers for
AS 1252
Structural Engineering
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Standard Title
Concrete Constituents
Aggregates and Rock for Engineering Purposes
AS 2758
Part 1 – Concrete Aggregates
AS 3972 Portland and Blended Cements
Copper
Copper Tubes for Plumbing, Gasfitting and Drainage
AS 1432
Applications
Doors
AS 1905 SAA Fire Door Code
AS 2688 Timber Doors
Glazing
Safety glazing materials for use in buildings (human impact
AS 2208 considerations)
Glass for glazing
BS 952 Part 1: Classifications
Part 2: Terminology for work on glass
Performed rubber gaskets for weather exclusion from buildings
Part 1: Non cellular gaskets
BS 4255
Part 2: Cellular gaskets TTS-001543A sealing compound,
silicone rubber base (US Federal Interim Specification Standard)
Polyethylene
AS 4130 Polyethylene Pipe for Pressure Applications
AS 4766 Polyethylene Storage Tanks for Water and Chemicals
Plastering and Tiling
AS 1672 Building Limes
AS 2592 Gypsum Plaster for Building Purposes
Specification for pigments for Portland cement and Portland
BS 1014
cement products
BS 6431 Ceramic floor and wall tiles
Plumbing Fittings
AS 1172 Water closet pans
AS 1218 Flushing cistern (metric units)
AS 1229 Laundry troughs
AS 1371 Toilet seats of moulded plastic
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Standard Title
AS 1718 Copper allow screw-down pattern taps
AS 2129 Flanges for pipes, valves and fittings
AS 1976 Vitreous china for use in sanitary appliances
Copper and copper alloy compression and capillary fittings and
AS 3688
threaded end connectors
AS 4087 Metallic flanges for waterworks purposes
Reinforcement
AS 1302 Steel Reinforcing Bars for Concrete
AS 4671 Steel Reinforcing Materials
Sealants
One-part polysulphide based sealing compounds for the building
AS 1526
industry
Two-part polysulphide based sealing compounds for the building
AS 1527
industry
Security Fences
Chain link fabric fencing – Security fences and gates – General
AS 1725
requirements
Sheet Metal Roofing and Accessories
AS 1093 Reflective Foil Laminate
Steel sheet and strip-hot-dipped zinc-coated or aluminium/zinc
AS 1397
coated
AS 2179 Metal rainwater goods – Specification
AS 2728 Prepainted and organic film/metal laminate products –
Performance requirements for interior/exterior applications in building
AS 3566 Screws – self drilling for the building and construction industries
Steel
AS 1163 Structural Steel Hollow Sections
AS 1554 SAA Structural Steel Welding Code
Timber and Joinery
AS 082 Sawn Eastern Australian Hardwoods
AS 1748 Mechanically Stress-Graded Timber
AS 1859 Flat Pressed Particle Board
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Standard Title
Adhesives for bonding decorative thermoset laminates (contact
AS 2131
adhesives)
AS 2270 Plywood and Blockboard for Interior Use
AS 2271 Plywood and blockboard for exterior use
AS 2458 Hardboard
AS 2459 Organic Fibre Insulating Board
AS 2543 Nomenclature of Australian Timbers
AS 2688 Timber Doors
AS 2689 Timber doorsets
AS 2754 Adhesives for Timber and Timber Products
AS 2796 Timber – Seasoned Hardwood – Milled Products
AS 2924 Decorative thermosetting laminated sheet
uPVC
Unplasticised PVC (uPVC) Pipes and Fittings for Storm and
AS 1250
Surface Water Applications
Unplasticised PVC (uPVC) Pipes and Fittings for Sewerage
AS 1260
Applications
Unplasticised PVC (uPVC) Pipes and Fittings for Soil, Waste and
AS 1415
Vent Applications
Unplasticised PVC (uPVC) – Pipes and Fittings for Pressure
AS 1477
Applications
AS 2977 Unplasticised PVC Pipes for Pressure Applications
Vinyl Floor Coverings
AS 2055 PVC sheet floor covering unbacked flexible
Floor Coverings – Resilient Sheet and Tiles – Laying &
AS 1884
maintenance practices
Minimising of combustion hazards arising from the medical use of
AS 1169
flammable anaesthetic agents
Adhesives for floor and wall applications – resilient vinyl, linoleum
AS 3553
& rubber sheet & tiles – interior and exterior use
Products in contact with drinking Water
Equipment
Electrical Equipment
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Standard Title
Rotating Electrical machines – General Requirements
Part 30 – Duty and Rating
AS 1359 Part 32 – Temperature Limits and Measurements of Temperature
Part 60 – Tests
4. Definitions/Abbreviations
Term Meaning
Construction Any work necessary for the installation, testing and
commissioning of a pipeline, manhole or house drain. The term
includes such operations as taking care of existing assets,
clearing, excavation, erosion control, bedding, laying, jointing,
backfilling, restoration, forming, concrete placing, vibrating and
stripping, pressure testing and quality testing.
As defined in the General Conditions of Contract called up in the
Contract document (such as AS 2124-1992 or AS 4000) – the
Superintendent
Unitywater employee authorised to issue instructions to
contractor(s).
Any raw or manufactured materials or goods. This includes all
Materials
machinery, equipment and components.
5. Building Works
5.1. Extent of Work
5.1.1 The building construction work comprises the supply, installation, quality assurance, finishing
and defects liability of all building structural and trade work, as shown on the drawings or
specified herein.
5.1.2 The installation shall be complete with all necessary items for sound structural performance,
efficient operation and high standard of finish.
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5.4. Masonry
5.4.1 Materials
5.4.1.1 All masonry units shall be of an approved brand. Concrete masonry units shall be of the
thickness indicated on drawings, either hollow or solid as specified and complete with all
special blocks where required, such as corners, halves, lintels, sills, jambs and column
blocks.
5.4.1.2 Clay masonry units shall have the texture and colour as nominated in the Job Specification or
Schedule of Finishes and shall be well burnt, of uniform size, shape and colour, first quality
face bricks.
5.4.1.3 All concrete masonry units shall have a minimum characteristic unconfined compressive
strength (f1uc) of 15 MPa.
5.4.1.4 All clay masonry units shall have a minimum characteristic compressive strength of 7.0 MPa.
5.4.1.5 All hollow concrete units which are specified to have concrete filling shall have clean open
cavity through the full depth of the unit. Blocks with partly obstructed cavities shall be rejected.
Clean-out blocks shall have one fully open vertical face.
5.4.1.6 Broken or damaged units shall not be used in unrendered walls. Units damaged after laying
shall be replaced.
5.4.1.7 Samples of units shall be submitted to the Superintendent and approved before use or
delivery. Units which do not conform to the approved standard shall be rejected.
5.4.1.8 Cement shall be Type "GP" general purpose Portland cement of an approved brand and shall
comply with AS 3972 – Portland and Blended Cements.
5.4.1.9 Sand shall be clean, sharp, pit or freshwater sand, free from loam, saline or vegetable matter
or other impurities and shall not contain soft or weathered particles and if directed shall be
washed when used with cement. Sand shall conform to the following grading and properties:
Table 1 – Sand Grading Sieve Sizes
Sieve Aperture Per Cent Passing
4.76 mm 95 - 100
2.36 mm 95 - 100
1.18 mm 95 - 100
600 µm 30 - 100
300 µm 10 - 50
150 µm 0 - 10
75 µm 0-4
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5.4.2 Mortar
5.4.2.1 The mortar shall comply with the requirements of Clause 2.2 of AS 3700 for a mortar of M3
classification. Compressive and flexural strength of the masonry shall be determined in
accordance with Appendix A of AS 3700. Such testing shall be conducted on samples of
materials to be incorporated in the works, prior to any brickwork commencing on site. The
specimens shall be prepared by the same tradesmen to be employed on the works and shall
be prepared in the presence of the Superintendent or his representative. The Superintendent
will arrange for testing of the specimens and the Contractor shall deliver the specimens to the
testing place nominated by the Superintendent.
5.4.2.2 Additional strength testing shall be conducted during construction in accordance with clause
8.5 of AS 3700.
5.4.2.3 The average strengths of the specimens tested prior to construction commencing shall be not
be less than the following:
5.4.3 Workmanship
5.4.3.1 Masonry units shall be laid to straight and vertical lines and to the layout shown on drawings,
in accordance with Manufacturer's instructions and with AS 3700, SAA Masonry Code.
5.4.3.2 All concrete masonry units shall be laid dry and blocks stockpiled on the job shall be well
protected from weather. Tops of all walls shall be covered upon stoppage of work to prevent
moisture penetration.
5.4.3.3 Prior to being used in the work, clay masonry units shall be thoroughly wetted and the top of
all brickwork left overnight shall be thoroughly wetted before recommencement of work.
5.4.3.4 Except where reinforced concrete filling is required, all cavities which extend below external
ground level shall be filled with fine waterproof concrete.
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5.4.8 Sills
5.4.8.1 The Contractor shall lay full-height centre block sills where shown on the drawings. Sills shall
match the colour of face blocks.
5.4.8.2 Sill blocks shall be set out symmetrically so that no block is less than three quarters of full
width.
5.4.9 Cappings
5.4.9.1 At positions shown on the drawings, and where otherwise required, the Contractor shall
provide a 40 mm thick capping block to top of external concrete masonry bond beam walls.
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5.6. Joinery
5.6.1 Materials
5.6.1.1 All joinery timber shall be select grade and species free from all defects and thoroughly
seasoned.
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5.6.2 Details
5.6.2.1 The drawings and the description contained in the Job Specification are intended to indicate
the final appearance of the work rather than the complete construction.
5.6.2.2 Sound construction of the components shall be the responsibility of the Contractor who shall
ensure that recognised forms of joints in appropriate positions are made by the manufacturer.
5.6.3 Workmanship
5.6.3.1 The whole of the joinery work shall be accurately set out and framed together in accordance
with the best practice as soon after the commencement of the work as possible.
5.6.3.2 Should any joints in joinery or other work open or show themselves in the defects liability
period, such joinery shall be replaced with new and all work disturbed in connection therewith
shall be made good.
5.6.3.3 The Contractor shall properly protect all joinery work where liable to injury and replace work
which is marred or damaged during the progress of the works.
5.6.3.4 Site dimensions shall be checked before manufacture is commenced.
5.6.3.5 All joinery work shall be hand dressed and scraped and sanded where considered necessary
to provide a first class fine even surface.
5.6.3.6 Generally, approved waterproof glue shall be used for all work. Work to be painted shall be
primed before leaving the workshop.
5.6.3.7 The Contractor shall conceal fastenings where possible, use a minimum of surface nailing
and punch nail heads below surface and fill with putty coloured to match finish. Adhesives and
jointing compounds shall be non-staining and kept off visible faces. Surface screws where
necessary shall, if visible, be Phillips head, countersunk flush or be provided with cover caps.
5.6.3.8 The Contractor shall thoroughly prime the backs and ends of all frames and linings and all
exposed work generally before fixing in position.
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5.7. Hardware
5.7.1 Materials and Workmanship
5.7.1.1 Door handles, catches, locks, etc. shall be set at heights as directed by the Superintendent.
5.7.1.2 Hardware, unless otherwise described, shall have a satin chrome plate finish.
5.7.1.3 Exposed screws shall be chrome plated brass. All other screws shall be brass or stainless
steel.
5.7.1.4 Internal doors to toilets, showers, change rooms, etc. shall be fitted with privacy door sets
whilst the remaining internal doors shall be fitted with passage sets.
5.7.1.5 Where trade names and reference numbers are used, fittings of different manufacture but of
equivalent performance and quality may be approved by the Superintendent.
5.7.1.6 All hinges shall be stainless steel butt hinges unless extended hinges are shown on the
drawings or specified in the Job Specification. Extended hinges shall also be stainless steel.
5.7.2 Keying
5.7.2.1 Plastic tags shall be fitted to all keys, which shall be labelled appropriately and handed over
on completion to the Superintendent.
5.7.2.2 All lock combinations shall be master keyed as provided in the Job Specification. The
Contractor shall supply two duplicates of each master key and stamp each lock cylinder and
key with letter and number references. Keys shall be nickel alloy, not brass.
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5.9. Plumbing
5.9.1 Materials
5.9.1.1 Unless shown otherwise on the drawings or in the Job Specification, materials shall be:
• Soil pipes - rigid PVC
• Vents and anti-syphon vents - rigid PVC
• Vent cowls - basket type, bird proof
• Water service - external – copper
internal – lagged copper
5.9.1.2 All piping shall be complete with bends, offsets, junctions, inspection openings and lugs as
necessary.
5.9.1.3 Cold water piping laid in ground shall be wrapped with self-adhesive polythene tape.
5.9.2 Fixtures
5.9.2.1 Hand basins and toilet suites (pan and cistern) and wall-hung urinals shall be solid vitreous
china of approved brand and of the type and colour nominated in the Job Specification, the
drawings and the Schedule of Finishes.
5.9.2.2 Taps and accessories such as toilet roll holders and pan cleaning brushes shall be of
matching design and colour.
5.9.2.3 Kitchen sinks and continuous urinals shall be of stainless steel of approved brand of the type
nominated in the Job Specification or drawings.
5.9.2.4 Fixtures shall be securely fixed to their mounting surfaces using the best tradesman-like
practice.
5.9.2.5 Fixtures shall be fitted flush and plumb and any gaps shall be caulked with an approved
elastic silicone sealant of matching colour, suitable for mating surfaces and having a minimum
product warranty of ten (10) years. The surface of the caulking shall be neatly finished using a
suitable tool, to give an even, concave profile between surfaces at right angles.
5.9.3 Workmanship
5.9.3.1 All work shall be carried out by licensed tradesmen in first class manner and laid out in
accordance with approved plans.
5.9.3.2 The Contractor shall rigidly fix all pipes to avoid the occurrence of water hammer.
5.9.3.3 The Contractor shall prevent foreign matter from entering pipes and protect piping and fittings
from damage.
5.9.3.4 Wherever possible the Contractor shall conceal pipes. Exposed pipes and fittings internally
shall be chrome plated copper or brass complete with chrome plated flanges and fixings.
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5.10.2 Materials
5.10.2.1 Roof sheeting shall be of the profile shown on the drawings or as specified in the job
specification and unless otherwise specified shall be ‘colourbond’ finished as manufactured by
Lysaght Brownbuilt Industries or an alternate approved manufacturer.
5.10.2.2 Roof sheets shall be in single lengths to suit each section and to fall from the high point to the
gutter with no intermediate joints. Manufacturer's accessories shall be used unless shown or
specified otherwise.
5.10.2.3 Where shown or specified 50 mm thick ‘Bradford Anticon’ roofing blanket shall be provided
and installed in accordance with manufacturer's instructions.
5.10.2.4 Fascia and wall sheeting shall be of the profile shown on the drawings or as specified in the
Job Specification and unless otherwise specified shall be ‘colourbond’ finished as
manufactured by Lysaght Brownbuilt Industries or an alternate approved manufacturer.
Sheets shall be in single lengths to suit each section and to be fixed to supports with
approved clips or fasteners in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations.
5.10.2.5 Flashings, trims, rib and stops and all sundries unless otherwise specified shall be
‘colourbond’ finished steel to match adjacent material.
5.10.2.6 Joint sealants shall be butyl sealing tapes and silicone caulking compounds.
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5.10.3 Workmanship
5.10.3.1 Roof, Fascia and Wall Sheeting:
i. Roof, fascia and wall sheeting shall be laid strictly in accordance with manufacturer's
printed directions to falls indicated on drawings;
ii. Roof sheeting shall be laid in single lengths to roof slope with uniform falls at right angles
to purlins;
iii. Should it be necessary to use more than one sheet to provide full-length coverage, the
Contractor shall commence sheet laying at the gutter line and lay subsequent sheets over
this sheet to the ridge or fascia, allowing a minimum end lap of 150 mm:
• End laps in roofs of less than five degrees pitch (approximately 1 in 12) shall be
sealed with an approved sealant;
• The minimum end lap for vertical wall cladding shall be 100 mm.
iv. Where roof pitches are less than fifteen degrees or where the roof is exposed to extreme
weather conditions, the Contractor shall turn sheet ends up approximately eighty degrees
at the high end of the roof, that is at ridges or fascia and turn downwards approximately
fifteen degrees at gutters, with the turn-up/-down tool;
v. Sheeting shall be fixed to purlins and girts in strict accordance with the manufacturer's
printed recommendations;
vi. The Contractor shall provide all trims, accessories, etc., required where roof surface is
penetrated by pipes, services, etc.;
vii. The Contractor shall provide all flashings to parapets, upstands, holes and other
penetrations and trims required to ensure that the roof is entirely watertight.
5.10.3.2 Insulation and Sisalation
i. Where provided, roofing blanket shall be placed under sheeting before fixing:
• Insulation projecting past the gutter purlins into the box gutter to be trimmed off;
• Roofing blanket shall be supported on wire mesh to the satisfaction of the
Superintendent;
ii. Unless specified to the contrary in the Job Specification, heavy duty insulation shall be
provided on all sheeted surfaces:
• The sheeting shall be laid over the purlins or girts before the roof sheets are laid.
5.10.3.3 Sealed Joints
i. Where sealed joints are required, the Contractor shall use a sealant in conjunction with
mechanical fasteners;
ii. Approved sealants include GE Silpruf silicone rubber sealant, Dow Corning (Selleys) 780,
Silicoflex, Silicoseal N-1 or 2, Persempre W234, Expandite Silicone 88, Norton Bear-4,
Zincoseal, Ramset RZ805, Zbond V-4 or 60, Poly-Flexiseal and Borden Metal to Metal.;
iii. Zincalume shall not be soldered;
iv. Sealant to gutter joints shall be compressed between the lap rather than an overlay of
sealant at the joint face.
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5.10.4 Samples
5.10.4.1 Where directed by the Superintendent, a strip of roofing, sufficient to indicate laying, dressing
around vents, flashings and general quality of workmanship shall be laid for approval prior to
final erection.
5.10.5 Testing
5.10.5.1 The Contractor shall, after installation, test gutters, sumps and overflows to a running overflow
condition for one (1) hour.
5.10.5.2 Where faults are apparent, the Contractor shall remedy all defects and re-apply the test. The
Contractor shall provide all necessary test apparatus.
5.11.2 Workmanship
5.11.2.1 The Contractor shall supply and install aluminium window, door and louver units complete
with glass, glazing and/or louver blades and all fittings including handles, catches, locks and
latches.
5.11.2.2 The Contractor shall protect windows, doors and louvers from damage of any kind and
provide strippable plastic protective film before delivery to site.
5.11.2.3 Any damaged units shall be made good and all broken, scratched or cracked glass shall be
replaced by the Contractor at no extra cost to the Principal.
5.11.2.4 The Contractor shall supply and build in window, door and louver units strictly in accordance
with the manufacturer's instructions.
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5.11.3 Fixing
5.11.3.1 All fixing shall by stainless steel screws or bolts in accordance with the required standards of
first quality workmanship to achieve strength for wind loadings and weatherproofing and to
ensure that all stress, weights, dynamic loads, shock loads etc. are transmitted into the
structure through such fixings.
5.11.4 Tolerances
5.11.4.1 All necessary allowances shall be made for thermal movement in the design and detail of the
fixings.
5.11.4.2 Frames shall be designed and installed to fit and operate without buckling, opening of joints or
undue stress on hinges, fasteners, tracks or guides.
5.11.6 Rejections
5.11.6.1 All aluminium components, units, assemblies, fixings, completed units, etc. that do not, in the
opinion of the Superintendent, meet the requirements outlined above, shall be liable to
rejection, in which case they shall be removed from the job and replaced at the Contractor's
expense.
5.11.7 Fabrication
5.11.7.1 Fabrication drawings of all windows, doors, frames and louvers shall be supplied to and
approved by the Superintendent, before fabrication commences.
5.11.7.2 Frames shall be so designed so as to support the weight of the proposed doors without
distortion or deflection.
5.11.8 Certificates
5.11.8.1 The Contractor shall provide, concurrently with supply of shop drawings, a certificate, from an
approved Testing Authority for each window, door and louver type, certifying compliance with
AS 2047, Aluminium Windows for Buildings, for the relevant design wind pressure.
5.12. Plastering
5.12.1 Definitions
5.12.1.1 Plastering, plasterwork and rendering are terms which shall be considered synonymous in so
far as they mean the range of operations involved in the application of plaster or render as
undercoats and/finishing coats to masonry, concrete or internal lining panels.
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5.12.3 Workmanship
5.12.3.1 The Contractor shall clean platforms, tools and mixing machines before each batch is mixed.
5.12.3.2 Where mixed on-site, the Contractor shall proportion materials by volume in approved
measuring devices.
5.12.3.3 Mixing may be done by hand on a clean platform or by machine. The ingredients shall be
thoroughly mixed until the mixture is uniform in colour and consistency.
5.12.3.4 Mixes containing cement shall not be used after initial set has occurred and under no
circumstances will retempering be permitted after one (1) hour of initial mixing. The mix for
each successive coat should never be of a type richer in cement than the mix used for the
coat to which it is applied.
5.12.3.5 When permitted by the Superintendent, approved admixtures may be used to retard or
accelerate setting, improve workability or reduce water content. Admixtures which in the
opinion of the Superintendent may have an adverse effect on the plaster or render or
associated materials shall not be used.
5.12.3.6 Plastering work shall only be carried out by competent tradesmen.
5.12.3.7 Generally, the Contractor shall delay plasterwork until the risk of damage by building
operations and installation of services is at a minimum, consistent with completion of the
contract by the date of practical completion and with due consideration for the maturity of
plasterwork before application of paint and other finishes.
5.12.3.8 The Contractor shall not carry out plasterwork when weather conditions are likely to adversely
affect the results and shall protect adjacent work from possible damage caused by
plasterwork operations.
5.12.3.9 The work shall be executed with long rules and straight edges run off temporary screeds to
ensure that surfaces finish plumb, true and even and proper thickness of coats is maintained.
5.12.3.10 With each coat, the Contractor shall finish complete areas where possible in one operation or
in one day's work. The Contractor shall continue or match up in such a manner to leave no
evidence of a joint in the finished work, unless otherwise specified or shown.
5.12.3.11 Where applied to expanded metal lathing or over the winds of metal corner beads, the plaster
shall be firmly pressed through the apertures.
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5.12.4 Tolerances
5.12.4.1 All surfaces of final coats of plaster and render shall finish to true planes within a tolerance of
3 mm in 3 metres as determined by a 3 metre straightedge placed anywhere over the finished
surface.
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5.13. Tiling
5.13.1 Preparation of Surfaces
5.13.1.1 The Contractor shall prepare concrete surfaces to receive applied finishes and remove all
laitance.
5.13.1.2 If necessary the Contractor shall use a special approved plasticised epoxy bonding agent
where toppings are applied to concrete surfaces.
5.13.2 Workmanship
5.13.2.1 All work shall be carried out by skilled tradesmen in a first class workmanlike manner. All
tools, screeds and grounds shall be kept clean.
5.13.2.2 Surfaces shall be checked to ensure correct finished alignments and levels. The Contractor
shall ensure that built-in elements, anchors and grounds are fixed prior to commencing and
protect adjoining or abutting surfaces against damage through any cause.
5.13.2.3 Permanent and temporary grounds shall be fixed where and as necessary to ensure straight
even surfaces and accurate lines.
5.13.2.4 The Contractor shall keep surfaces even, true, free from blisters, dropping, trowel marks or
other defects and shall screed at all angles, corners and elsewhere as necessary.
5.13.2.5 All external openings shall be covered to prevent too quick drying and ensure that freshly
completed work can neither dry out nor sweat out to the detriment of the surfaces.
5.13.2.6 The Contractor shall dispose of compo mixed with cement longer than one and a half hours.
Retempering shall NOT be allowed after this time.
5.13.2.7 Where necessary, brass angles 3 mm thick, shall be provided at doorways to build up tiled
areas above the general floor level.
5.13.3 Protection
5.13.3.1 The finished work shall be protected from damage by the weather and building operations and
keep covered and moist for a minimum of seven (7) days.
5.13.4 Cleaning
5.13.4.1 On completion the Contractor shall clean down surfaces to remove all dirt, stains, etc. and
buff polish all tiled surfaces to give a smooth, even appearance.
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5.13.9 Grouting
5.13.9.1 After tiles have been fixed for a minimum of 24 hours, the Contractor shall grout up with white
cement, well worked into joints and rake back exposed edges of tiles and point and grout as
for face of tiles.
5.13.9.2 Junction of tiles with joinery and door frames shall be cut 5 mm wide for the full depth of tile
and bedding and be pointed up with one part polysulphide sealant, of approved brand,
applied in accordance with manufacturer's directions.
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5.14. Painting
5.14.1 Materials
5.14.1.1 All paints shall be ready mixed, of approved brand and type complying with all relevant
Standards and Codes.
5.14.1.2 All materials shall comply with Government regulations regarding the use of non-poisonous
paints. Paint shall be brought on the job in its original sealed containers. The use of bulk
materials other than the best quality shall not be permitted.
5.14.1.3 Thinners, stainers, primers and undercoats shall be of the type supplied by the manufacturers
for use with the various types of paint.
5.14.1.4 Putty shall be first grade linseed oil – whiting putty stained as necessary to match adjoining
work. Plaster based patching powder compound shall be used for porous and fibrous cement
surfaces.
5.14.2 Colours
5.14.2.1 Colours shall be generally as listed in the Schedule of Finishes. The Contractor shall submit
proposed colours and colour chart to the Superintendent for approval prior to ordering.
5.14.4 Workmanship
5.14.4.1 All painting shall be carried out by competent tradesmen in a first class manner. All paints
shall be thoroughly mixed and stirred before use. All mixing shall be done on the job but not
on the floor of the building.
5.14.4.2 Primed or undercoated work shall not be left in an exposed unsuitable situation for an undue
period of time before applying subsequent coats.
5.14.4.3 An adhesive tape test shall be applied to plastered walls before painting commences.
Painting shall not commence until surfaces are in an approved finished condition to receive
paint.
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5.14.6 Clean Up
i. All paint spots shall be removed from floors, tiles, light fittings, switch plates. hardware,
stainless steel, aluminium, chrome plate, glass and all similar surfaces;
ii. Glass and metalwork shall be cleaned and polished and the work of this trade shall be left
in first class condition;
iii. After completion of painting work, the job shall be thoroughly cleaned and tidied;
iv. The Contractor shall be fully responsible for any damage by his staff, suppliers and sub-
contractors and shall make all repairs as deemed necessary by the Superintendent .
5.16. Waterproofing
5.16.1 The contractor shall provide waterproofing to all structures as required, to ensure that the
structures/buildings are completely waterproofed.
5.16.2 A waterproofer shall be qualified and shall be capable to apply, install and repair
waterproofing systems including surface preparation and apply or install material or systems
for the prevention of moisture penetration.
5.16.3 Waterproofers must hold a Waterproofing Licence and be approved by Unitywater. The
licence can be
a. a current Certificate III in Construction Waterproofing CPC31411;
b. a recognition certificate as a qualified waterproofer.
5.16.4 Waterproofing membranes can be;
a. Membrane systems that provide a proprietary membrane system suitable for the intended
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• Type 2-B-R/B-T Bottom rail only, 3 barbed top security fencing (vertical top);
o it shall have four (4) strands of barbed wire secured at the top of the fencing
equally spaced at 120mm crs. Max.
• Gates:
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• Posts – Class 1 (medium quality) (powder coated black) to provide improved durability
and life, for long term security purposes;
• Security signage, (Unitywater’s standard security sign), warning of no or restricted access
to be attached to the fencing at 30m crs (min.);
• Provide concrete mowing strip (min. 150mm width) under all fencing.
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5.18.7 Fencing
i. The sliding gate shall be fully enclosed in the retracted/open position within a security
fence enclosure.
ii. This fence shall include a lockable personnel gate to provide access to the control panel
enclosure and the gate mechanisms.
iii. The fence shall be constructed to provide 1.0m min. clearance from the gate on 3 sides.
5.18.9 Motor
i. Industrial grade 0.75kW 3 phase motors with easily adjustable limit switches and easy
release gear boxes.
5.18.10 Gearboxes
i. Industrial grade gearboxes with cast iron gearboxes fitted with torque limiting devices
suitable for gates up to 12 m.
5.18.13 Fixings
5.18.14 Usage
i. Motors and controls must be suitable for ‘High Cycle’ continuous use – 100 % duty.
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6. Concrete Works
6.1. General
6.1.1 This Section of the Specification shall apply to plain and reinforced cast-in-place concrete and
to precast concrete for general purposes. It shall be read in conjunction with all other relevant
Sections of the Specification and the Drawings.
6.1.2 Where errors in dimensions occur which in the opinion of the Superintendent prejudice the
structural or hydraulic effectiveness of the structures, the Contractor shall demolish and
reconstruct the offending part of the work to the satisfaction of the Superintendent.
6.2. Materials
6.2.1 Concrete shall be to the grade noted on the Drawings. If no grade is shown on the drawings,
then the Superintendent will specify the grade.
6.2.2 The Contractor shall submit all proposed concrete mixes for the Works to the Superintendent
for approval.
6.2.3 Where water retaining structures form part of the Contract scope of works, the Contractor
shall submit for the approval of the Superintendent a S40 mix with 10 mm aggregate in the
event that structural elements may warrant its use.
6.2.4 Materials for concrete shall comply with Section 17 of AS 3600 – 2009 and Section 5 of AS
3735 – 2001.
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6.8. Admixtures
6.8.1 Chemical admixtures shall be in accordance with AS 1478. For liquid retaining structures
Chemical admixtures shall be from reputable suppliers and submitted to the Superintendent
for approval.
6.8.2 Admixtures shall only be used if approved in writing by the Superintendent.
6.8.3 Admixtures shall only be approved when it is proved that such admixtures, agents or agencies
will not have deleterious effect on the essential qualities of concrete is supported by
substantial evidence.
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6.10. Formwork
6.10.1 Formwork shall comply with Section 19 of AS 3600 and with AS 3610.
6.10.2 All concrete walls constructed below ground level, which form part of water retaining or water
excluding structures, shall be formed on both faces, unless approved otherwise by the
Superintendent.
6.10.3 No concrete pour shall be commenced until the formwork, pipes to be embedded and
preparation of surfaces involved in the placing have been inspected and approved in writing
by the Superintendent’s representative.
6.10.4 The exposed edges of all columns, beams, floor slabs, landings, steps, kerbs, footpath slabs,
plinths and top edges at walls shall be chamfered. The chamfer shall be 20 mm by 20 mm
unless shown otherwise on the drawings. All joints between formwork parts and between
formwork and the permanent structures shall be sealed water tight.
6.10.5 ‘Slip form’ or other similar construction techniques shall not be used.
6.10.6 The surfaces of concrete to be subsequently protected or exposed shall have a surface finish
of Class 2 in accordance with Section 3 of AS 3610. All other surfaces shall have a Class 3
surface finish.
6.10.7 Formwork for precast concrete shall be capable of producing members to their correct shape
and the dimensional tolerances required by Section 19 of AS 3600. In general, the fabrication
tolerances of the formwork shall be one-half those required for the products they are to
produce.
6.11. Reinforcement
6.11.1 Reinforcement shall not be welded except where shown on the contract drawings or as
requested by the Contractor and approved by the Superintendent. Such welding shall comply
with the requirements of AS 1554, Part 3 - Welding of Reinforcing Steel.
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6.24. Slabs
6.24.1 Preparation of Subgrade for Slabs on Ground
6.24.1.1 The subgrade shall be well drained and of adequate and uniform load bearing nature.
6.24.1.2 The subgrade shall be prepared by tyning, moistening and proof rolling such that the top 300
mm is compacted to 98% standard compaction according to AS 1289.
6.24.1.3 The bottom of an undrained granular base course shall not be lower than the adjacent
finished grade.
6.24.1.4 The subgrade shall be moist at the time of concreting. If necessary, it shall be dampened with
water in advance of concreting, but there shall be no free water standing on the subgrade nor
any muddy or soft spots when the concrete is placed.
6.24.3 Placement
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6.24.4 Jointing
6.24.4.1 Joints in slabs on ground shall be located and detailed as indicated on the Drawings. If saw-
cut joints are required or permitted, cutting shall be timed properly with the set of the concrete;
cutting shall be started as soon as the concrete has hardened sufficiently to prevent
aggregates being dislodged by the saw, and shall be completed before shrinkage stresses
become sufficient to produce cracking.
6.24.5 Compaction
6.24.5.1 Concrete in slabs shall be thoroughly compacted by means of approved vibration equipment.
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6.26. Curing
6.26.1 Concrete shall be moist cured for a minimum of 7 days continuously as required by AS3600
and until the average compressive strength reaches 80 percent of the 28 day characteristic
value. The curing period shall be extended to 14 days if fly ash has been used in the
concrete.
6.26.2 Resin and PVA based curing compounds are NOT permitted. The use of any curing
component is subject to the approval of the Superintendent. The curing efficiency of
membrane compounds in accordance with the requirements of AS3735 Supplement 1 shall
be 75 percent. Before the application of any membrane compound the Contractor shall
provide documentary evidence from the compound manufacturer about methods of obtaining
required adhesion of material used in any subsequent repair of surfaces.
6.27. Inspections
6.27.1 The Contractor shall give sufficient notice (minimum 24 hours) so that inspections of concrete
works may be carried out at the following stages:
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7. Post-Tensioning Works
7.1. Prestressing System and Submissions
7.1.1 Prestressing shall be carried out in accordance with AS 3600 Clause 19.3 and this
Specification.
7.1.2 Outline of proposed prestressing system and sufficient detail such that all aspects can be
clearly identified and readily evaluated shall be submitted to the Superintendent for review not
less than 30 days prior to commencement of work. The submittal shall include but not be
limited to the following:
• Prestressing System -
o Proposed prestressing system, past experience of the system on similar projects and
the manufacturer’s literature describing the proposed method and procedure in detail;
o Methods, equipment and facilities to be utilized for the production, transport, erection,
stressing and grouting;
o Material specifications, kind or size of prestressing tendons, anchoring devices,
ducts, grout and all associated materials and accessory items;
o Past experience of the key personnel who will be responsible for inspections,
verifications and check list procedures for the carrying out of all post-tensioning work;
the submittal includes the name and record of any subcontractor to be employed for
the stressing work;
o The quality control program.
7.1.3 The Contractor shall submit a Method Statement for the post tensioning procedure to the
Superintendent for review and approval.
7.1.4 Detailed calculations prepared and signed by qualified Registered Professional Engineer
Queensland (RPEQ) to substantiate stressing procedures shall be submitted to the Engineer
for review and approval. The Submission shall include the following:
• Calculations of effective force after all losses including losses due to anchorage seating,
elastic shortening, creep, shrinkage, relaxation, wobble friction;
• Calculations for expected jacking elongation corresponding to jacking force of tendons.
• Calculations of any portion of the work proposed as substitutions, additions, re-
arrangement of prestress or reinforcing steel and any proposed modifications of concrete
dimensions.
7.1.5 Prestressing information shall be submitted in the following format:
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7.2. Materials
7.2.1 The class and characteristic compressive strength of concrete (f’c) at 28 days shall be S40.
The minimum characteristic compressive strength of concrete at transfer shall be 32 MPa.
The cement, aggregate, water, chemical admixtures, reinforcement shall comply with the
requirements stated in the concrete works specification (section 6).
7.2.2 Minimum cover to reinforcement and tendons shall be as indicated in the drawings.
7.2.3 Strands shall comply with the requirements of AS4672. Prestressed wire or tendon which has
been used previously shall not be used for this work.
7.2.4 Each delivery of materials shall be accompanied with documents showing the lot numbers
from which each coil is taken, together with the relevant test certificates in accordance with
AS4672 and including data on chemical composition and relaxation.
7.2.5 Strands shall be kept free from loose or thick rust, oil, grease, paint, tar, paint, mud or any
other deleterious substance but shall not be brought to a smooth polished condition. A slight
film of rust will not be regarded as harmful, but the steel shall not be visibly pitted by rust.
7.2.6 Strands that are damaged, kinked or bent shall not be used. Tendons shall not be subjected
to excessive temperature, welding sparks or ground currents. Any burning or welding
operations shall not be carried out in the vicinity of tendons.
7.2.7 Material for tendons not currently in use shall be stored in a weatherproof environment and
supported above the surface of ground in a manner which will prevent any damage to the
tendons.
7.2.8 All sheathing shall be of corrugated galvanised steel.
7.2.9 Ducts, sheathing and duct-forming devices shall be mortar-tight and strong enough to transfer
the tendon stresses into the body of concrete and to resist damage and deformation during
construction.
7.2.10 Duct material left in place shall not cause any electrolytic action.
7.2.11 The inside surface of ducts shall ensure proper bonding of the grout but it shall not have
undue frictional resistance.
7.2.12 Ducts shall be free from any matter detrimental to the bond between the sheath and grout.
Ducts are to be sized to allow feeding of tendons and grouting.
7.2.13 The number of joints shall be kept to a minimum and each joint shall be adequately sealed. If
tendons are to be installed after concreting, temporary stiffening shall be provided with in the
sheathing such that the duct shape is maintained during the concreting and the temporary
stiffeners shall be removed after concreting before installing the tendons.
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7.2.21 At least one sample per batch for grout shall be tested. No grouting is to commence until the
test results of the initial 7-days test and predictions for the 28-day strength are approved.
7.2.22 Grout vent tubes and corresponding holes in the sheathing shall have a minimum internal
diameter of 20 mm.
7.2.23 Grout inlets and grout vents shall be of plastic or non-ferrous materials. Grout vents shall be
at least 0.5 m higher than the grout inlet to ensure effective head of grout.
7.2.24 The grout inlets and vents shall be firmly secured in position. If any grout inlet or vent
becomes blocked during concreting the Contractor shall clean them and make good any
damages so that they operate in a satisfactory manner.
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7.3. Equipment
7.3.1 Both force and extension measurements shall be taken during all tensioning operation. Force
measurements shall be recorded to an accuracy of 2% and extension measurements to an
accuracy of 1mm.
7.3.2 The force measurements may be made by dynamometers or pressure gauges. Where the
latter are used there shall be a minimum of two gauges on each jack selected so as to be
used at between 50% and 90% of their full capacity when the final load measurements are
taken on any tendon.
7.3.3 The pressure gauges shall comply with AS1349.
7.3.4 Certified calibration by a NATA approved laboratory will be required for all dynamometers and
pressure gauges. Calibrations shall be carried out at intervals not exceeding three months.
7.3.5 Friction losses in prestressing jacks shall be measured and calibrated at least once a year, or
after re-sealing.
7.3.6 Details of proposed stressing and grouting equipment, current calibration certificates shall be
submitted to the Superintendent for information and record.
7.3.7 The mixing equipment shall be capable of producing a uniform suspension of cement in
water. The injection shall be capable of continuous operation with minimum variation of
pressure and shall include a system for recirculating the grout whilst grouting is not in
progress.
7.3.8 The grout pump shall be capable of delivering grout a rate of 1800 litres per hour at a
pressure up to 1.0 MPa.
7.3.9 All piping to the grout pump shall have a minimum number of bends and valves and changes
in diameter.
7.3.10 A standby grout pump shall be made available on site for use at all times during grouting
operations.
7.3.11 All equipment shall be thoroughly washed by clean water after each series of operation.
7.4. Operations
7.4.1 Assembly of tendons shall not commence until full conformance records are available for all
materials proposed for use.
Tendons shall be assembled using methods and equipment which ensure that individual
strands are not kinked and that they maintain approximately the same relative position to the
other strands in the tendon.
The strands of the assembled tendon shall be bound at regular intervals, in such a manner
that twisting of the tendon is minimised and no damage will be done to the tendon when it is
installed.
7.4.2 The pre-assembled tendons shall be pulled through the ducts using a form of pulling sock or
cable leader so that no damage is done to the sheathing. Adequate attention shall be taken
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8. Structural Steelwork
8.1. General
8.1.1 All materials and workmanship shall to the most recent requirements of relevant statutory
local, State and Commonwealth requirements and applicable current Australian Standards.
8.1.2 The Contractor shall supply and install fabricated items as specified and shown on the
drawings.
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8.2. Materials
8.2.1 Mild steel shall be Grade 250 to AS 3678 and AS 3679. Structural steel hollow sections shall
be grade 350 to AS 1163. Cold formed purlins, girts and light gauge members shall be grade
450 to AS 1397.
8.2.2 Stainless Steel shall be Grade 316 to AS 4673 and AS 1554 with the exception that where
stainless steel bolts and washers are used, nuts are to be Grade 304 to assist in avoidance of
binding. Stainless steel shall be passivated before installation (refer to Pr9693 Specification
for Mechanical Installations for passivation details).
8.2.3 Galvanised Steel fabricated items shall be insulated from concrete bearing surfaces by
painting contact area with two (2) coats of alkali-resistant bituminous paint or by other means
approved by the Superintendent.
8.2.4 Unless otherwise specified aluminium shall be of aluminium alloys suitable, in all respects, for
the purpose being used and in accordance with AS 1734 and AS 1866, the Works shall be
considered as a marine environment.
8.2.5 For structural application in a marine environment, the minimum aluminium alloy shall be
6061- T6 for extruded members, 5454-H3 for sheets and plates and 5251-F for roof sheeting.
8.2.6 Unless noted otherwise on the drawings or elsewhere in this specification. all aluminium
extrusions shall be alloy 6061 tempered to T6, all aluminium sheet thinner than 3 mm shall be
alloy 5251 tempered to H34 and all aluminium sheet 3 mm and thicker shall be alloy 5083
tempered to H321.
8.2.7 Aluminium surfaces to be placed in contact with series 300 stainless steel, wood, concrete or
masonry construction shall be given two heavy coats of an alkali resistant bituminous paint
before installation. The paint shall be applied as it is received from the manufacturer without
the addition of any thinner and the surface shall be cleaned according to the manufacturer's
instructions.
8.2.8 All aluminium items shall be fabricated in accordance with the provisions of AS1665; SAA
Aluminium Welding Code by personnel qualified for and granted Certificate No. 8 as set out in
AS1796 SAA Welder Certification Code.
8.2.9 Where aluminium surfaces come in contact with dissimilar metals, except grade 304 or 316
stainless steel, the aluminium surfaces shall be kept from direct contact with that metal by use
of PTFE gaskets or high strength phenolic washers or 2 coats of approved zinc chromate
paint.
8.2.10 Aluminium fabricated items shall be insulated from concrete bearing surfaces by painting
contact area with a heavy coat of approved alkali resistant bituminous paint or by other means
approved by the Superintendent. Where aluminium comes in contact with hot dip galvanised
mild steel, a neoprene insertion or equivalent approved method shall be used to separate the
materials.
8.2.11 Joint seals shall be used for the contact surfaces of aluminium covers with the concrete walls
of pump well, and pits.
8.2.12 Nylon or polyethylene washers, top hat sections and spacers shall be used to separate
stainless steel or Monel metal fasteners from aluminium. Under washers and boltheads and
on bolt shanks, etc. where the fastener size is too small for the above insulating methods, i.e.
less then (3) millimetres diameter, a heavy application of 'Duralac' to the mating surfaces can
be substituted.
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8.8. Welding
8.8.1 Manual welding and semi-automatic or automatic welding shall be in accordance with
AS 1554 and AS 1665.
8.8.2 All welds shall be 6 mm continuous fillet welds unless otherwise noted on the drawings.
8.8.3 Stainless steel welds shall be passivated (refer to Pr9693 Specification for Mechanical
Installations for passivation details).
8.8.4 No site welding of structures or any of their components shall be permitted unless the
structures/components to be site welded have been nominated in the tender and expressly
form part of the contract.
8.8.5 The completed steelwork shall be free from distortions and true to dimensions. All
connections shall be welded in a manner such that the finished connections are neat, smooth
in appearance and free of sharp edges.
8.8.6 Details of the welding procedure shall be submitted prior to the fabrication of members
utilizing the particular procedure.
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8.18. Contamination
8.18.1 Appropriate care shall be taken when handling stainless steel before, during and after
fabrication to prevent contamination with mild steel materials, dust, shavings, weld splatter
and the like. Such care is particularly important after passivation and during transport to site,
storage and installation as these small particles rust quickly and discolour the surface of the
stainless steel. This can destroy the protective oxide film and render it liable to pitting
corrosion.
8.18.2 The following practices shall not be used:
• Cleaning with steel wool, wire brushes, emery paper;
• Cleaning with abrasive compounds containing chlorides;
• Blast cleaning;
• Using muriatic (i.e. hydrochloric) acid in combination with solder fluxes as it contains iron.
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