ACTION PLAN FOR THE

REJUVENATION OF POLLUTED RIVER

STRETCH AS PER N.G.T ORDER

THE KALLOOPARA-THONDRA STRETCH OF

MANIMALA RIVER (Priority IV)
Submitted by District Level Technical Committee
(Alappuzha District)
Before the River Rejuvenation Committee
As per G.O (Ms) No.2/2019/WRD Dated 30/04/2019

1
 PREFACE

As per G. O (Ms) No.2/2019/WRD Dated 30.04.2019, a District Level Technical Committee

(Alappuzha District) was constituted for preparing Draft Action Plan for the rejuvenation of
polluted river stretches. The polluted river stretch in the district was Kalloopara – Thondra stretch
of Manimalariver. The members of the committee are as follows:

1. Smt. Rekha R., Superintending Engineer, Kuttanadu Division Circle, Chenganoor.

2. Sri. BijuB., Environmental Engineer, Kerala State Pollution Control Board, Alappuzha.
3. Smt. Lovely M. V., General manger, District Industrial Centre.
4. Sri. Sabeer A. Raheem, Executive Engineer, Kerala Water Authority, Alappuzha.
5. Sri. K. S. Rajesh, District Coordinator, Haritha Kerala Mission, Alappuzha.
6. Sri. Sheri G., Municipal Secretary, Chenganoor.
7. Smt. Binz Thomas, District coordinator, Suchithwa mission, Alappuzha.
8. Shri.Harikumar K.B. Secretary Pandanad Gramapanchayath.

Attended by

1. Smt. Sreekala S. L., Assistant Scientist, Kerala State Pollution Control Board, Alappuzha.
2. Smt. Geetha, P. A. to Executive Assistant, Irrigation Department, Alappuzha.

Considering the Kalloopara – Thondrariver stretch water quality data of last three years show that
the quality parameters are within the permissible limits. The committee hereby submits the Draft
Action Plan the prevention of any future contamination and preservation of water quality.

2
 CONTENTS
Contents Page
No.
LIST OF FIGURES 4
LIST OF TABLES 4
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 5
CHAPTER 1 REPORT 6
1.1 INTRODUCTION 6
1.1.1 Geology 6
1.1.2 River Hydrology 6
1.1.3 Land use Pattern and Agriculture 7
1.1.4 Cities and Population 7
1.1.5 Ground Water Potential 7
1.1.6 Pollution due to Industries 8
1.1.7 Classification of the River based on Designated best use 8
1.1.8 Classification of Manimala River 9
1.1.9 KalloopparaThondara Stretch Manimala River 10
1.1.10 Details of Kalloopara-Thondra Stations 10
1.1.11 Actual uses of the River Water of the Stretch 13
1.1.12 Conclusion 14
ANNEXURE 1 19-22
ANNEXURE 2 23-27
ANNEXURE 3 29-30

3
 LIST OF FIGURES

SL. TITLE PAGE

NO NO
1 Fig.1.1 Map of Kalloopara-Thondra Stretch 10
2 Fig.1.2 Details in Polluted Stretch (Kalloopara Thondra) in Manimala River 12
3 Fig.1.3 Kallooppara Station 12

5 Fig.1.4 Thondra Station 13

6 Fig.2(a) and (b) Nelladu Bridge 23

7 Fig.3(a) and (b) Padathu Bridge 23
8 Fig.4(a) and (b) Padathu Bridge 23

LIST OF TABLES

SL. TITLE PAGE

NO NO
1 Table 1.1 Details of Panchayaths Near Kalloopara – Thondra Stretch of 7
Manimala River
2 Table 1.2 Classification of the Inland Surface Water Based on Designated Best 9
Use for Fresh Water
3 Table 1.3 Location Details of the Stations 11
4 Table 1.4 Water Quality Data of River Manimala at Kalloopara-Thondra in 28
January 2019

4
 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Manimala River emerges from ‘Kolahalamedu’ of ‘Mothavara’ hills of the Western Ghats

at a height of about 1257m above MSL. From here it flows initially to south direction up to

Mundakkayam and then takes a sharp deviation to south-west direction, and flows to Erumeli.

From Erumeli, up to Vizhukithodu the river flows in a north-west direction, and then again takes

a turn to south-west direction.

During this flow an important tributary ‘Chittar’ joins with Manimalariver at

Vizhukithodu. The Elakkalthodu, an important tributary also joins with the Manimalariver at

Thondara. From here the river further flows in a south-west direction. At Kallungal, Manimala

joins with Pamba and from here onwards the river flows in a northerly direction till it ends in

Vembanadlake. Thus the Manimalariver is a south-west flowing perennial river with 19

tributaries, including major and minor ones.

Throughout the river Kerala state pollution control board has established eight water

quality monitoring stations. During the year 2016 the water quality station between Kalloopara

and Thondra has shown BOD values more than 3 mg/lit for a period of consecutive three months

(March, April and May 2016). During that time construction work of new bridge parallel to the

existing bridge were done and also illegal waste water discharge were observed. This was the reason

for increase in the BOD level. After May 2016 to till now (consecutive three years, 2017, 2018 and

2019) BOD values were found less than 3mg/ltr. Constant vigil has been kept in contact with local

panchayaths namely Kalluppara, Kaviyoor, Iraviperoor, Kuttur, Puramattom to prevent further

contamination of the river.

5
 REPORT
INTRODUCTION

The Manimala River is a 92km long river in south and central Kerala. It is one of the 4 Major
rivers which do not have direct outlet to sea as these rivers (Pamba, Manimala, Meenachil,
Achankovil) empty into vast Vembanadu Lake. Manimala is a separate independent river for all
geographical purposes. It has its origin on the Muthavara Hills on the Western Ghats in Idukki
District of Kerala, India. Manimalariver has been an important waterway of Central Travancore.

Geology

From a geological point of view the Manimala river basin can be broadly classified into 3 zones
1. Western coastal zone consists of recent sand and silt
2. Middle zone consists of residual laterite formed by the
decomposition of Archaen crystalline rocks
3. Eastern zone consisting of charnokite rocks of Archean group Soil in the lower
reaches are composed of mainly Clay and sand called greyish Onattukara. In the Midland
region laterite soils are found along with batches of riverine alluvium
River Hydrology
The Manimala river basin has a catch area of 847 sq.km. The whole area is located in the District of
Pathanamthitta, Kottayam and Alappuzha. There are 4 rain gauge station. They are located in
Thiruvalla, Mundakkayam and Kanjirappally gauge up of the main river is done at Manimala and
Thondara. There are no major/medium irrigation projects and there are no major/minor hydro electric
power stations and another.
Land use pattern and agriculture.
The highlands are mostly reserved and protected forest with patches of tea, cardamom, coffee estates.
In the midland rubber, coconut, pepper etc are grown. Paddy, coconut, vegetables are cultivated in
low land region.

6
 Cities and Population

There are no big cities in the river basis. Mundakkayam, Erumeli, Kanjirapally and Mallappally are
the main towns located in the banks of Manimala river and they are fast urbanizing . The population
in the Manimala river basis is mainly concentrated in the mid land and low land regions. The 2 km
stretch of Manimalariverparring between the points Kallupara and Thondra through six panchayats

Table 1.1 Details of Panchayaths Near Kalloopara – Thondra Stretch of Manimala River
Sl no PANCHAYATH POPULATION
1 KALLOOPARA 16,837
2 PURAMATTOM 14,069
3 ERAVIPERUR 25,172
4 KAVIYOOR 16,852
5 PERINGARA 14,440
6 KUTTOOR 19,652

Ground water potential

The river basis has good ground water potential. It has been utilized only to a minimum extent.
In the highland region, the presence of forest land and hilly terrain make ground water extraction
difficult. The limited extraction is by dug well in midland and coastal land. The density of dug wells
in 200-250/sq.km in the low land region, 75-100/sq.km in the midland region and 10-50/sq.km in the
high land region of the river basis. The ground water potential in Alappuzha, Pathanamthitta,
Kottayam and Idukki districts which form major part of the river basis.

Pollution due to Industries

The industrialization of the stretch of the river basis is almost nil. There is no larger/medium
small-scale industry in this area, no other point source that discharging any significant quantity of

7
waste were observed. Only few small-scale cement brick manufacturing units are located in the river
basis.
Classification of the River Based on Designated Best Use
Rivers are the main sources of surface water. Man depends on rivers as sources of supply of
water for drinking, irrigation, domestic and waste disposal. It also provides water way for Urban
Navigation. Rivers are also used for fishing and recreation. Thus man uses river for a variety of
purposes in his day to day life.
Before formulating a water quality, improvement program, it is essential to classify the various
stretches of the river in the basis of its designated best use, thus laying down minimum desirable
water quality levels for the different stretches. The scheme for zoning and classification of Indian
rivers, estuaries and coastal waters evolved by the CPCB lays down the norms to be followed for
classification of rivers in the country.
According to the norms evolved by the CPCB, the inland surface water is classified into 5
classes (A to E) on the basis of designated best use. The principle concern here is the end use to
which the water quality requirements become progressively lower from A to E. Besides, the quality
of any one of 5 categories also satisfies the requirements of categories lower than the chosen one.
Designated best use is that use belonging to the upper most category of the many uses to which
the water on a particular stretch of the river is put to by the people. The existing quality status is not
the guiding factor. The classification of the inland surface water based on designated best use for
fresh waters evolved by the CPCB is as follows.
Table 1.2 Classification of the Inland Surface Water Based on Designated Best Use for Fresh Water

Sl.no Designated Best Use Classification

1 Drinking water source without conventional A

treatment, but after disinfection
2. Outdoor Bathing, swimming and water B
contacts sports
3. Drinking water source with conventional C
treatment followed by disinfection
4. Propagation of wildlife and fisheries D

8
 5. Irrigation, industrial cooling and E
controlled waste disposal

It is observed almost all along the entire length of Manimala river, water is being put to a
mixed pattern of beneficial uses. Bathing, washing clothes and even for cooking and drinking are
intensively practiced by rural communities and even by the poorer section of urban community on
all stretches of the Stream.

Classification of Manimala River

Classification of Manimalariver based on the designated best use is as follows. The upstream
of the river up to Kallooppara may be classified on the basis of designated best use as A i.e., water is
used for drinking is given disinfection as the only treatment. The downstream of the river up to its
confluence with Vembanad lake is classified as C, i.e., water is mainly used for irrigation and fishing.

Fig.1.1 Map of Kalloopara-Thondra Stretch

KalloopparaThondara Stretch Manimala River

9
 The land of Kallooppara was previously known by the name of Perumbranadu, due to its
massive storage of rocks and hence being known by the name of 'Perum Parra Nadu', in the previous
days and gradually being known as Perumbranad, in the latter days as legend has it. Kallooppara was
once the part of Thiruvallataluk and with the formation of the Pathanamthitta district in 1983, a new
taluk was created, Mallapallytaluk and Kallooppara became a part of it.

Details of Kalloopara-Thondra Stations

The land of Kallooppara was previously known by the name of Perumbranadu, due to its
massive storage of rocks and hence being known by the name of 'Perum Parra Nadu', in the previous
days and gradually being known as Perumbranad, in the latter days as legend has it.Kallooppara was
once the part of Thiruvallataluk and with the formation of thePathanamthitta district in 1983, a new
taluk was created, Mallapallytaluk and Kallooppara became a part of it.

Table 1.3 Location Details of the Stations

Latitude
Sl.No Location
Longitude
090 23’34’’
1 Kalloopara
76038’40’’
09021’64’’
2 Thondra
76035’23’’

Evaluating the analysis reports of water samples collected from Kalloopara and Thondra
points after May 2016 till now (consecutive three years, 2017, 2018 and 2019) BOD values were
found to be higher than 3mg/ltr in 2016. The construction work of new bridge parallel to the existing
bridge was going on at that time and that was the reason for increase in the BOD level.

10
Fig.1.2 Details in Polluted Stretch (Kalloopara-Thondra) in Manimala River

Fig.1.3 Kallooppara Station sampling point

11
 Fig.1.4 Thondra Station sampling point

Actual Uses of the River Water of the Stretch

Kallooppara : Domestic activities and used as Kerala Water Authority drinking water
source.
Thondara : Domestic activities like washing, residential activities, bathing, etc.
The data on the activities in the nearby area Kalloopara - Thondara Stretch of Manimala
River is as follows
1. For bathing and irrigation.
2. Water supply scheme at Kalloopara.
3. No salinity intrusion in this stretch.
4. No industrial discharge and no industries are located in the banks of this stretch of
Manimalariver.
Evaluating the analysis report of the samples collected for the month of February, March, April
and May 2016, the values of BOD had exceeded from the limit of 3 mg/ltr (Annexure 3). At that
time, the construction work of bridge parallel to the existing Thondarabridge was going on, so the
bank of this portion, was dumped with building material, organic waste, mud etc. Also the water was

12
stagnant. This may be a reason for the higher BOD in that stretch. However, a letter has been issued
to all the local bodies (Kuttoor, Kalloopara and EraviperoorGramaPanchayath) on the banks of this
Kalloopara- Thondara stretch to close all the septage/unauthorized discharges leading to river.
Several streams were found to get connected to Manimalariver between Kalloopara and
Thondra points. Bridges like Nelladu bridge (Fig 1,2), Padathu bridge (Fig 3,4) had tributaries that
joined Manimala river but now, due to human encroachment most of the regions of these streams had
changed for domestic purposes. Hence, flow rate in this region is very low.
Kuttipuzha(Fig 5,6) is another stream connected to Manimala which carries water for
cultivation to nearby areas during summer season.
Another stream Panayampalamthodu, 14km long originates from Karukachal in Kottayam
district confluences to Manimala river and it is an important source of water for irrigation purposes
to panchayats like Aanikaadu, Mallapally, Kunnamthanam, Kaviyoor, and Kalloopara.
Several field visits were conducted in this area and it was noticed that there is no source for
any type of industrial pollution.

(a) (b)
Fig.2 (a) and (b) Images of Nellad Bridge

13
 (a) (b)
Fig.3 (a) and (b) Images of Padathu Bridge

(a) (b)
Fig.4 (a) and (b) Kuttipuzha Stream Connected to Manimala

Conclusion
Evaluating the analysis reports of water samples collected from Kalloopara and Thondra
points from June 2016, 2017, 2018 and 2019 (Annexure 3), BOD values were found to be much
lesser than 3mg/ltr. From the field visits, it was found that there were no industries in the banks of
the river that could contribute to any type of water pollution. Constant vigil has been kept for the
land use/establishment of industries in the area in contact with local panchayaths namely
Kalluppara, Kaviyoor, Iraviperoor, Kuttur, Puramattom. Concentration of industries in these
panchayaths are very low and even very few cottage industries are there .At present, municipal
solid wastes (including plastic) contamination in the river is minimal. Proper awareness will be
providing to the respective panchayaths to protect the river in the same manner. Help from the
respective department including police will be arranged to prevent the illegal discharge of
septage/waste water by waste water collection agencies

14
 CENTRAL POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD
(Water Quality Management Division-I)
Delhi-110032
*****
EXECUTING SUMMARY ON PROPOSED ACTION PLANS
FOR REJUVENATION OF IDENTIFIED POLLUTED RIVER STRETCH
******
Sl. DESCRIPTION OF ITEM Details
No.
1. Name of the identified polluted river and its tributaries : Kalloopara – Thondra Stretch of
Manimala.
2. Is river is perineal and total length of the polluted river : (Yes)
Length 2 km
3. No of drains contributing to pollution and names of major : NIL
drains
4. Whether ‘River Rejuvenation Committee (RRC) constituted : 02/05/2019, 22/05/2019,
by the State Govt./UT Administration and If so, Date of 15/07/2019
constitution of ‘RRC’
5. Major Towns on the banks of the river with population : NIL
a. Total water consumption and sewage generation in MLD : Total Water consumption
40.5 in MLD (By Kerala Water
Authority)
Kallorpara - 3.5 MLD
Kaviyoor - 4 MLD
Kattod – 33 MLD
Total Sewage generation
NIL
b. Total no. of existing STPs and the total capacities in MLD : NIL
c. Gaps in sewage treatment in MLD and no. of towns not : NIL
having STPs
d. Total MSW generation in TPA : NIL
e. Existing treatment and disposal facilities and total capacity : NIL

6. Major industrial estates located with total no. of industries : Industrial No. of Industries
Estate
NIL Nil
a. Total water consumption and total industrial effluent :
generation in MLD Industrial Total Effluent
NIL Name water quantity
consump
tion

NO NIL
NIL

15
 b. No. of industries having captive ETPs and their treatment : NIL
capacity in MLD
c. No of CETP’s and their treatment capacity : NIL
d. Gaps in treatment of industrial effluent : NIL
e. Total HW generation in TPA in the catchment area : NIL
f. Existing HW Treatment and Disposal Facilities and total : NIL
capacity with life span
7. Action plan includes mainly covering aspect such as : Action plan is attached as
(Proposal for utilisation of sewage, ground water recharging or Annexure1. The river stretch is
rain water harvesting, measures for the protection and flowing through villages and no
management of flood plain zone, maintaining minimum E- industrial/ domestic/ municipal
flows and water shed management, plantation on both sides of waste water is reaching the river
the river, setting up of bio-diversity parks etc., as per in this stretch. Preventive actions
Hon’ble NGT Orders dated 20.09.2018 and 19.12.2018) are taken to avoid future
contamination. It is also needed
to be ensured that no waste water
is reaching the river from paddy
field or Horticrop farm land
located adjacent to the river. The
minor rivulet are not flowing or
reaching the river even during
rainy season.
8. Min. and Max. required time period for implementation of Min – NIL Max - NIL
action plans Already Implemented
9. Total estimated budget in crores towards implementation of : NIL
proposed action plans with break-up ( e.g. No. of STPs, (Corrective action already taken)
capacity, total cost; No of CETPs, total capacity, Cost towards
interception and diversion of sewage/effluent to STPs/CETPs
etc.,)
10. Responsible Organisation (s) for implementation of proposed : KSPCB, Irrigation, Panchayath,
action plans (Please enclose details as annexure ) Police
11. Proposed Mechanism for execution of action plans : Periodic inspection for the
prevention of possible future
contamination
12. Expected deliverables with respect to achieving Goals : The objective is to keep the river
(Please enclose as annexure ) water quality well with the
prescribed standard. The same
has been achieved as per the
water quality analysing result of
past three years. Constant vigil
has been kept for the
landuse/establishment of
industries in the area in contact
with local panchayaths namely
Kalluppara, Kaviyoor,

16
 Iraviperoor, Kuttur, Puramattom.
Concentration of industries in
these panchayaths are very low
and even very few cottage
industries are there.
At present, municipal solid
wastes (including plastic)
contamination in the river is
minimal. Proper awareness will
be provide to the respective
panchayaths to protect the river
in the same manner.
Help from police will be arranged
to prevent the discharge of
septage/waste water by illegal
waste water collection agencies.

17
 ANNEXURE 1
ACTION PLAN
Sl. Ref Activity Implementin Estimate Source of Fund Timelin Expected
N NGT g agency d e Outcome
o. Order Expendit
no: ure in
673/20 lakhs
18
Dated
20.09.
18
1 A(a) Monitoring Kerala State 12.08/yea Ongoing NWMP project 2019- Periodical
of river Pollution r 2020 water
water Control Board quality
quality by assessmen
sampling t
2 A(b) Septage& For 400 HarithaKeralam/Suchitwa Tentativ Reduce
Sewage Chenganoor& Mission ely the
Treatment Thiruvalla 2019- pollution
plant Municipality 2021 load and
Localbodies Improve
also need to the water
provide quality
common
septage
treatment
facilities to
collect, treat
and dispose
sewage
particularly for
thickly
populated area

3 C(ii) Establishm Chenganoor& To be Own 2019- Better

ent & Thiruvalla estimated 2021 solid
Modernizat Municipality waste
ion of Central managem

SWM State ent

treatment (SWM)
plant (Solid Reduce
Waste the river
Manageme pollution
nt) due to
solid
waste
dumping
4 C Material Chenganoor& 120 Own 2019- Better
18
collection Thiruvalla 2021 solid
facility Municipality waste
(SWM) and Central managem
ent
Kalloopara, State (SWM)
Eraviperoor, Reduce
Puramattom,
Kaviyoor,
the river
Peringara, pollution
Kuttoorpanchay due to
aths solid

19
 waste
dumping
5 C Resource Chenganoor& 20 Own 2019- Better
recovery Thiruvalla 2020 solid
facility Municipality waste
Central managem

State ent
(SWM)
Reduce
the river
pollution
due to
solid
waste
dumping
6 C Installing Kalloopara, 200 Central (Swach Bharat 2019- Better
household Eraviperoor, Mission – Urban) 2020 solid
and Puramattom, Through Sichitwa mission waste
community Kaviyoor, managem
level solid Peringara, ent
waste Kuttoorpanchay (SWM)
aths
manageme Reduce
nt units the river
pollution
due to
solid
waste
dumping
7 C Door to Chenganoor& 36 To be found Tentative Better solid
Door Thiruvalla ly waste
collection Municipality 2020- manageme
and 2021 nt (SWM)
transportati Reduce the
on of MSW river
pollution
due to
solid waste
dumping
8 C Preventing Panchayath Yet to be - 2019- Local river
illegal Police estimated 2021 conservati
discharge of KSPCB on or
septage and protection
other waste group,
water into police and
the river Panchayat
h
Authorities
act hand in
glove with
20
 KSPCB to
prevent
illegal
contaminat
ion
activities

9 C Regulating Irrigation Yet to be State fund Tentative Governme

activities in department estimated ly nt
flood plain 2020- constituted
zone, 2021 a river
protection basin
and conservati
managemen on and
t of flood manageme
plain zone nt
authority
and a
committee
constituted
for drafting
river basin
conservati
on act
10 C Greenery Irrigation Yet to be State fund Tentative Eco-
developmen department estimated ly friendly
t- Plantation 2020- approach
on both 2021 will create
sides of the a positive
river, setting attitude in
up public
biodiversity
parks n
flood plains
by removing
encroachme
nt
11 C(b)(ii) Green Kalloopara, Yet to be State Plan fund – Suchithwa Tentative Reduce the
Protocol Eraviperoor, estimated Mission/ ly solid waste
implementa Puramattom, HarithaKeralam Mission 2020- generation
tion in all Kaviyoor, 2021 in
offices, Peringara, Municipalit
institution & Kuttoorpancha y
public yaths
functions

21
12 D(a) Issues Irrigation Yet to be State fund Tentative Governme
relating to department estimated ly nt
E-flow, 2020- constituted
maintaining 2021 a river
minimum basin
environmen conservati
tal flow of on and
river (by manageme
having nt
watershed authority
managemen and a
t provisions) committee
constituted
for drafting
river basin
conservati
on act
13 E Constructio Manimala 5,46,381/- Plan fund Within 1
n of Grama year
Thonipurath Panchayath
u kadavu
and Kanyan
kadav

22
 ANNEXURE 2
Table 1.4 Analysis Report of Kalloopara 2016

MONTHS
Parameters Unit
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
PH - 7.5 7.0 6.9 7.7 6.1 6.8 6.1 7.1 6.9 7.0 7.2 7.2
Conductivity µS/cm 68 87 80 143 73 54 65 79 51 54 6.1 46
Turbidity NTU BDL 1.7 BDL 2.5 BDL BDL 1.5 BDL 1.4 BDL BDL BDL
DO mg/l 7.3 7.8 7.6 2.0 7.4 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.0 7.1 6.9 7.4
BOD mg/l 1.7 3.5 2.2 0.3 7.4 0.7 0.4 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0
COD mg/l 3.2 9.6 9.6 22.4 6.4 22.4 3.2 3.2 3.2 6.4 3.2 3.2
Chloride mg/l 10.0 20.0 20.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 20.0 20.0 10.0 10.0 10 10.0
Sulphate mg/l BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
Phosphate mg/l BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
Nitrate
Nitrogen mg/l 0.14 0.03 0.07 0.08 0.20 0.18 0.07 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.002 0.2
Amm. Nitrogen mg/l BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
Alkalinity mg/l 10.0 30.0 20.0 50.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20 10.0
T.Hardness mg/l 20.0 30.0 20.0 60.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 30.0 20.0 20.0 20 20.0
ca mg/l 4.0 8.0 4.0 20.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 8.0 4.0 4.0 4 4.0
Mg mg/l 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4
TDS mg/l 48.0 62.0 54.0 102.0 48.0 38.0 46.0 56.0 36.0 38.0 36 32.0
TFS mg/l 32.00 40.00 42.00 64.00 32.00 26.00 38.00 42.00 30.00 28.00 22 20.0
Fluoride mg/l 0.01 0.07 0.06 0.03 BDL BDL 0.80 0.20 0.30 0.08 0.06 0.2
Sodium mg/l 11.8 10.2 11.2 11.6 10.8 5.4 10.8 9.6 5.2 5.6 5.4 3.6
Potasssium mg/l 1.4 1.9 1.7 2.6 2.7 1.0 1.1 1.3 0.8 1.4 1.3 1.3
TSS mg/l 24.00 22.00 20.00 44.00 14.00 20.00 18.00 16.00 22.00 10.00 12 12.00
Tcoli No/100ml 400 900 800 300 200 600 1000 800 1000 1100 400 200.0
Fcoli No/100ml 240 640 620 200 120 420 840 640 760 840 120 120.0
Boron BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
TKN BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL

22
 Table 1.5 Analysis Report of Kalloopara 2017

MONTHS
Parameters Unit
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
PH - 7.8 7.5 8.3 7.9 7.9 5.4 6.8 7.2 6.3 6.9 6.7 6.3
Conductivity µS/cm 73 74 88 128 120 104 156 135 87 174 104.25 102
Turbidity NTU BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
DO mg/l 7.4 7.7 4.8 7.9 5.9 6.9 8.0 7.3 7.5 6.8 6.9 5.9
BOD mg/l 1.7 0.8 1.8 1.9 2.2 2.1 1.1 1.7 1.4 2.1 0.6 2.1
COD mg/l 3.2 32.0 22.0 6.4 16.0 9.6 12.8 16.0 16.0 22.4 6.4 25.6
Chloride mg/l 10.0 20.0 22.0 10.0 20.0 20.0 30.0 20.0 20.0 40.0 20 20.0
Sulphate mg/l BDL 1.6 BDL BDL BDL 10.5 BDL 8.9 4.3 4.6 3.81 BDL
Phosphate mg/l BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
Nitrate
Nitrogen mg/l 0.03 0.02 0.06 0.05 0.01 0.20 0.21 0.17 0.19 0.17 0.176 0.1
Amm. Nitrogen mg/l BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
Alkalinity mg/l 30.0 20.0 20.0 80.0 100.0 40.0 70.0 50.0 40.0 40.0 140 46.0
T.Hardness mg/l 30.0 20.0 20.0 80.0 70.0 40.0 70.0 60.0 60.0 70.0 50 52.0
Ca. Hardness mg/l 20.0 10.0 10.0 30.0 30.0 20.0 40.0 30.0 10.0 30.0 30 28.0
Mg. Hardness mg/l 10.0 10.0 10.0 50.0 40.0 20.0 30.0 30.0 50.0 40.0 20 24.0
TDS mg/l 52.0 52.0 62.0 90.0 76.0 74.0 94.0 88.6 62.0 121.2 74.05 70.0
TFS mg/l 34.00 30.00 30.00 32.00 30.00 24.00 22.00 24.00 22.00 20.00 26 24.0
Fluoride mg/l 0.10 0.20 0.04 0.30 0.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 0.0
Sodium mg/l 4.9 10.9 12.1 3.0 20.0 18.0 17.3 10.9 0.9 23.4 10 10.5
Potasssium mg/l 1.9 1.7 2.2 2.5 3.0 1.7 1.6 3.2 1.1 1.4 0.6 0.7
TSS mg/l 16.00 16.00 12.00 18.00 14.00 12.00 10.00 12.00 10.00 12.00 14 12.00
Tcoli No/100ml 400 440 360 460 400 160 80 72 100 80 100 120.0
Fcoli No/100ml 230 240 220 260 200 80 0 40 40 0 60 80.0
Boron BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
TKN BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL

23
 Table 1.6 Analysis Report of Kalloopara 2018

MONTHS
Parameters Unit
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
PH - 7.3 7.7 7.3 7.4 6.9 6.8 7.1 7.8 7.7 7.8 7.4 7.2
Conductivity µS/cm 96 98 128 146 186 178 76 60 130 430 220.8 129
Turbidity NTU BDL BDL BDL BDL 0.3 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 3.6 2.3
DO mg/l 7.7 7.8 6.3 6.1 7.9 7.8 6.5 5.0 7.5 7.6 6.6 7.2
BOD mg/l 1.9 1.9 2.4 2.2 3.0 3.0 2.2 0.6 1.0 0.9 1 0.2
COD mg/l 28.8 26.0 28.8 32.0 35.2 12.0 16.0 13.0 9.6 22.4 3.2 3.2
Chloride mg/l 10.0 30.0 20.0 30.0 50.0 40.0 10.0 10.0 20.0 40.0 20 30.0
Sulphate mg/l BDL 1.6 19.7 12.1 BDL 6.4 BDL 6.4 16.5 31.4 60.64 BDL
Phosphate mg/l BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
Nitrate Nitrogen mg/l 0.11 0.04 BDL 0.10 0.19 0.19 0.18 0.08 0.04 BDL 0.13 0.2
Amm. Nitrogen mg/l BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
Alkalinity mg/l 20.0 50.0 60.0 40.0 50.0 80.0 60.0 20.0 20.0 60.0 20 20.0
T.Hardness mg/l 24.0 60.0 80.0 60.0 60.0 90.0 50.0 30.0 40.0 80.0 90 40.0
Ca. Hardness mg/l 10.0 40.0 10.0 30.0 20.0 60.0 20.0 10.0 30.0 60.0 50 30.0
Mg. Hardness mg/l 14.0 20.0 70.0 30.0 40.0 30.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 20.0 40 10.0
TDS mg/l 68.0 70.0 86.0 104.0 124.0 126.0 54.0 42.0 82.6 258.6 156.52 90.2
TFS mg/l 42.00 36.00 54.00 82.00 94.00 80.00 60.00 68.00 68.00 180.00 112 108.0
Fluoride mg/l 0.00 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.04 0.00 0.30 0.30 0.40 0.40 0.3 0.1
Sodium mg/l 5.1 14.3 10.6 12.0 28.0 23.5 10.8 3.9 10.5 28.2 7.1 9.0
Potasssium mg/l 0.5 1.5 2.4 4.1 2.2 1.4 1.9 1.2 1.1 3.8 1.2 1.1
TSS mg/l 10.00 12.00 10.00 8.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 12.00 14.00 14.00 12 10.00
Tcoli No/100ml 220 180 200 240 320 340 20 80 60 0 0 1400.0
Fcoli No/100ml 120 60 120 120 160 220 0 40 20 0 0 700.0
Boron BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
TKN BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL

24
 Table 1.7 Analysis Report of Thondra 2016

MONTHS
Parameters Unit
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
PH - 7.0 6.8 7.3 6.9 7.8 7.0 6.9 7.5 7.9 7.3 7.2 7.6
Conductivity µS/cm 52 94 87 81 90 58 54 56 45 57 76 75
Turbidity NTU 0.1 BDL BDL 10.0 0.4 0.6 BDL 0.6 BDL BDL BDL BDL
DO mg/l 7.1 5.7 5.2 6.7 4.7 7.9 6.8 7.9 7.4 6.1 6 5.3
BOD mg/l 1.2 2.5 1.2 3.2 6.4 1.4 1.5 2.1 1.1 1.0 1.4 0.9
COD mg/l 6.4 3.2 3.2 12.8 25.6 3.2 3.2 12.8 3.2 3.2 16 3.2
Chloride mg/l 10.0 20.0 20.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 9.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 20 20.0
Sulphate mg/l BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
Phosphate mg/l BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
Nitrate
Nitrogen mg/l 0.12 0.05 0.06 0.03 0.02 0.10 0.12 0.16 0.15 0.13 0.14 0.1
Amm. Nitrogen mg/l BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
Alkalinity mg/l 10.0 30.0 20.0 BDL 20.0 20.0 150.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 30 20.0
T.Hardness mg/l 20.0 50.0 40.0 30.0 30.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 40 40.0
Ca. Hardness mg/l 10.0 20.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 20 20.0
Mg. Hardness mg/l 10.0 30.0 30.0 20.0 20.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 20 20.0
TDS mg/l 30.0 58.0 60.0 48.0 58.0 40.0 34.0 36.0 30.0 32.0 54 52.0
TFS mg/l 22.00 38.00 46.00 36.00 46.00 22.00 20.00 28.00 18.00 20.00 36 40.0
Fluoride mg/l 0.10 0.08 0.06 0.08 0.10 0.09 0.04 0.04 0.10 0.07 0.06 0.1
Sodium mg/l 3.1 4.1 6.1 4.0 7.0 5.6 3.6 4.6 3.2 4.1 8.5 4.0
Potasssium mg/l 1.8 1.4 1.8 2.2 1.8 1.5 1.1 0.9 1.1 1.8 1.2 1.7
TSS mg/l 14.00 10.00 16.00 10.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 14.00 12.00 10.00 14 24.00
Tcoli No/100ml 240 320 200 200 280 280 360 280 200 120 220 260.0
Fcoli No/100ml 140 200 80 0 160 120 240 120 180 80 100 110.0
Boron BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
TKN BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL

25
 Table 1.8 Analysis Report of Thondra 2017

MONTHS
Parameters Unit
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
PH - 7.6 7.4 8.2 8.4 7.6 6.4 7.0 7.5 6.9 6.5 7 7.0
Conductivity µS/cm 76 76 80 136 92 210 142 128 58 228 70.28 65
Turbidity NTU BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 0.6 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
DO mg/l 5.8 6.5 6.9 6.5 6.4 6.1 6.3 7.2 7.2 6.4 6.8 6.3
BOD mg/l 0.7 0.9 1.8 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.0 1.0 1.1 2.2 0.4 2.5
COD mg/l 3.2 32.0 32.0 6.4 9.6 9.6 19.2 16.0 12.8 25.6 6.4 28.8
Chloride mg/l 20.0 20.0 12.0 10.0 20.0 70.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 60.0 10 16.0
Sulphate mg/l BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 6.9 2.6 4.3 3.0 3.3 BDL BDL
Phosphate mg/l BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
Nitrate
Nitrogen mg/l 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.03 0.03 6.10 0.21 0.09 BDL 0.17 0.183 0.2
Amm. Nitrogen mg/l BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
Alkalinity mg/l 20.0 20.0 20.0 90.0 80.0 50.0 70.0 60.0 40.0 50.0 70 32.0
T.Hardness mg/l 30.0 30.0 22.0 90.0 80.0 70.0 80.0 60.0 30.0 50.0 70 36.0
Ca. Hardness mg/l 20.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 30.0 30.0 40.0 30.0 10.0 20.0 30 12.0
Mg. Hardness mg/l 10.0 20.0 12.0 80.0 50.0 40.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 30.0 40 24.0
TDS mg/l 54.0 54.0 48.0 96.0 62.0 144.0 88.4 72.8 40.0 159.6 48.84 44.0
TFS mg/l 36.00 32.00 38.00 36.00 40.00 30.00 24.00 28.00 30.00 26.00 30 32.0
Fluoride mg/l 0.04 0.10 0.06 0.05 0.10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 0.0
Sodium mg/l 7.6 7.8 6.9 3.0 10.0 38.4 16.8 11.2 5.8 36.1 7 9.0
Potasssium mg/l 2.0 1.2 1.0 2.9 2.8 1.9 1.7 3.3 1.3 1.9 0.7 0.7
TSS mg/l 20.00 18.00 14.00 22.00 18.00 14.00 12.00 14.00 16.00 16.00 12 10.00
Tcoli No/100ml 200 280 200 320 240 200 220 180 200 240 280 240.0
Fcoli No/100ml 120 120 100 200 160 100 100 90 120 100 180 140.0
Boron BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
TKN BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL

26
 Table 1.9 Analysis Report of Thondra 2018

MONTHS
Parameters Unit
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
PH - 6.7 7.4 6.9 7.6 7.0 6.7 7.2 7.1 7.6 7.6 7.1 7.1
Conductivity µS/cm 79 74 148 130 102 156 59 62 27 180 110.94 191
Turbidity NTU BDL BDL BDL BDL 0.5 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 1.2 1.1
DO mg/l 6.9 7.6 6.8 3.7 7.9 1.1 6.9 6.6 7.2 5.7 7.5 6.8
BOD mg/l 0.1 2.0 2.5 1.9 2.0 0.6 2.9 0.5 0.9 0.2 0.9 1.1
COD mg/l 25.6 24.0 24.0 22.4 25.6 16.0 16.0 13.0 6.4 12.8 22.2 19.2
Chloride mg/l 10.0 30.0 20.0 30.0 30.0 40.0 10.0 10.0 20.0 20.0 20 60.0
Sulphate mg/l BDL 10.2 34.6 1.0 0.8 BDL BDL 8.9 10.5 9.8 5.39 9.5
Phosphate mg/l BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
Nitrate
Nitrogen mg/l 0.14 0.00 BDL 0.07 0.19 0.20 0.17 0.07 0.03 0.00 0.13 0.2
Amm. Nitrogen mg/l BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
Alkalinity mg/l 24.0 50.0 70.0 40.0 30.0 90.0 50.0 30.0 20.0 30.0 40 10.0
T.Hardness mg/l 26.0 60.0 100.0 45.0 40.0 90.0 40.0 40.0 30.0 50.0 60 40.0
Ca. Hardness mg/l 12.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 10.0 50.0 30.0 20.0 20.0 40.0 30 30.0
Mg. Hardness mg/l 14.0 40.0 80.0 25.0 30.0 40.0 10.0 20.0 10.0 10.0 30 10.0
TDS mg/l 46.0 44.0 104.0 92.0 72.0 110.0 42.0 42.0 68.0 110.4 78.26 132.4
TFS mg/l 24.00 28.00 60.00 68.00 72.00 60.00 52.00 64.00 62.00 58.00 48 112.0
Fluoride mg/l 0.00 0.20 0.10 0.10 0.08 0.02 0.50 0.40 0.30 0.30 0.4 0.2
Sodium mg/l 6.6 14.0 12.6 14.0 16.0 23.5 42.0 4.3 10.8 7.7 3.6 27.2
Potasssium mg/l 0.7 3.1 2.4 3.4 2.6 1.7 1.8 1.2 3.1 0.9 1.3 1.2
TSS mg/l 18.00 14.00 12.00 12.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 12.00 16.00 11.00 14 14.00
Tcoli No/100ml 160 220 240 280 240 280 20 80 60 0 600 800.0
Fcoli No/100ml 80 80 160 140 120 180 0 20 20 0 200 400.0
Boron BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
TKN BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL

27
 Table 1.10 Water Quality Data of River Manimala at Kalloopara-Thondra in January 2019

Date of Temp Conductivity DO BOD TC FC

Station pH
Sampling (⁰C) (µmhos/cm) (Mg/L) (Mg/L) (MPN/100ml) (MPN/100ml)

January Kallopara 28 7.4 80.1 6.4 1.6 100 50

04.01.19 Thondra 27 7.4 84.21 6.8 2 400 200
February Kallopara 28 7.3 196.2 7.4 1.3 700 450
05.02.19 Thondra 27 7.1 222.24 7 1.7 600 400
March Kallopara 32 7.9 284.26 5.4 1.3 800 480
05.03.19 Thondra 32 6.9 304.14 7 2.3 700 300
April Kallopara 32 7.6 286 5.5 2.4 400 180
02.04.19 Thondra 32 7.4 261.24 6.1 1.7 1200 800
May Kallopara 32 7.5 304.24 6.2 2.9 800 400
03.05.19 Thondra 32 7.6 278.24 6.1 1.8 700 370
June Kallopara 29 7.5 330.18 6.5 2.3 400 240
01.06.19 Thondra 29 7.6 274.25 5.8 2.4 700 350

28
 Annexure -4

MINUTES OF DISTRICT LEVEL TECHNICAL COMMITTEE MEETINGS FOR

REJUVENATION OF POLLUTED STRETCHES IN ALAPPUZHA DISTRICT

Based on the orders of the Hon’ble National Green Tribunal (NGT) and other related
document, Government of Kerala, vide G.O.(Ms) No.2/2019/WRD dated 30/04/2019, constituted
a District Level Committee for preparing an action plan for rejuvenation of polluted stretches in
each district. The committee in Alappuzha district is constituted as follows.

1. Mr.Biju B., Environmental Engineer, Kerala State Pollution Control Board, Alappuzha
2. Smt. Rekha R., Superintending Engineer, Kuttanadu Division Circle, Chenganoor
3. Smt.Lovely M. V., District Industrial Centre
4. Mr. Sabeer A. Raheem, Executive Engineer, Kerala Water Authority, Alappuzha
5. Mr. K. S. Rajesh, District Coordinator, Haritha Kerala Mission, Alappuzha
6. Mr. Sheri G., Municipal Secretary, Chenganoor
7. Smt. Sreekala S. L., Assistant Scientist, Kerala State Pollution Control Board, Alappuzha
8. Smt Geetha, P. A. to Executive Assistant, Irrigation Department, Alappuzha

1ST MEETING OF THE DISTRICT LEVEL TECHNICAL COMMITTEE (DLTC) ON

02-05-2019

The first meeting of the committee (DLTC) was held at 11 am on 02-05-2019 at the District
Office of the Pollution Control Board (PCB) at Alappuzha. In this meeting, the members
expressed the need of two-week time for checking the facts and details available in various
department before the preparation of action plans for Manimala River ( Kalloopara-
Thondrastrech ) and Pamba River (Mannar-Thakazhi. It was also decided to conduct the next
meeting on 22-05-2019 at office of the PCB, Alappuzha for evaluating the rate of pollution in
these rivers and the importance of solid waste treatment plant for river protection. It was
concluded that the members should carefully consider this matter in the perspective of the
respective departments and should present their findings in the next meeting.
29
2NDMEETING OF DLTC DATED 22-05-2019

The meeting was held at 3 pm on 22-05-2019 at the District Office of the Pollution Control
Board (PCB) at Alappuzha. The decisions taken in this meeting is as follows:

 It was decided to submit the details of various intake points of Water Authority in the
district to the office of PCB, Alappuzha through e-mail for measuring the water quality at
these intake points.
 Prepare the master plan for rejuvenating the contaminated streams in the district.
 The members of the meeting reiterated the need and necessity for scientific solid/liquid
waste treatment facility in the district for effective prevention of the uncontrolled pollution
in public water resources.
 It was unanimously decided that the actions required for preserving the water quality of
Manimala river has already been taken and analysis report of last three year shows that the
BOD level is well within the limit. So the matter may be reported to NGT.

3RD MEETING OF THE DLTC DATED 15-07-2019

The third meeting of the committee (DLTC) was held at 11:30 am on 15-07-2019 at the
Collector’s Chamber, Collectrate, Alappuzha. The main topic of discussion was Pollution
prevention and conservation of Kalloopara-Thondra stretch of Manimala river. It is informed to
the members that as per NGT direction CPCB has insisting a report for the conservation of the
sipulated stretch of manimala river even if it is not polluted. Different suggestions were made by
different members for the prevention and conservation of this river stretch. It was decided to
conduct a field visit on 16-07-2019 to Kalloopara-Thondra area for preparing a preventive action
report incorporating the suggestions and perspective of all member departments.

30