Use of English

file

Unit 9: Dreams and

ambitions
Unit 9: Dreams and
ambitions

1. second conditional

2. vocabulary:
adjectives
The second conditional is a structure
used to talk about unreal,
hypothetical or impossible situations
in the present. Sometimes it might
imply a future result.

Example:

If I won the Tinka, I would give away

some money. (maybe future)
I would go out with my friends more
often If I weren’t married.
The second conditional can be
explained like this:
1. If I were married I would have 2 kids.
(Real fact: I am not married and I
don’t have kids)
2. I would be very depressed If you left
me. (Real fact: You’re not leaving me
so I’m happy.)

3. If I knew how to cook I would make

dinner every night. (Real fact: I don’t
know how to cook, so I don’t make
dinner every night).

4. If I were taller I wouldn’t wear high

heels. (Real fact: I’m short, so I wear
high heels. )
We can use the
second
conditional in 2nd conditional
two ways.

A second conditional sentence consists of two clauses, an "if" clause and a main clause:
if clause (condition) main clause (result)

If I saw an alien, I would run away.

If the "if" clause comes first, a comma is usually used. If the "if" clause comes second, there is no
need for a comma:
main clause (result) if clause (condition)

I would run away if I saw an alien.

We use different verb forms in each part of a second conditional:
if clause (condition) main clause (result)
If I saw an alien , I would run away.
 2nd conditional

If clause Result clause

If + subject + verb (past) + compl., subj + would/could + verb (base form) + compl

If they offered me the job in Tokyo, I would take it. (maybe future)

If I had some free time, (I don’t) I would go to the gym.

If I had a lot of money, (I don’t) I would buy a new house. (maybe future)

If she were younger, she could* be a model.

If I were rich, I would go to Miami on weekends.

*Could in Second Conditional sentences

COULD can be used instead of WOULD to make the hypothetical present or future more probable.
 The second conditional
can also be used to give
advice. Here you can see
some examples.

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“If the quarantine were over, I could see my friends and
relatives.”

Now, say if these statements are true or false:

1. I can’t visit my visit my relatives and friends now.

2. The quarantine is over.
3. When it’s over, I will probably go see them.
4. We could visit our friends and relatives now if we wanted.
5. If the quarantine continues, I won’t be able to see my friends and
relatives

See the answers in the next slide.

 Check your answers.

1. I can’t visit my visit my relatives and friends now. TRUE

2. The quarantine is over. FALSE
3. When it’s over, I will probably go see them. TRUE
4. We could visit our friends and relatives now if we wanted. FALSE
5. If the quarantine continues, I won’t be able to see my friends and
relatives. TRUE
The second conditional - 6 Minute
Grammar
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
3OuqzHxlrHc

Second Conditional: The Grammar

Gameshow Episode 20
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
7_LCu92sk8k

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1a. Grammar: Second conditional dialogue

Complete the conversations with the correct form of the verbs

second
to form
conditional
statements.

1. A: What would you do if _____________________ (you / get) a job offer in

another city? _____________________ (you / accept) it?

B: No. _____________________ (I/ miss) my family. They live here.

2. A: What would you do if ___________________________ (your teacher / give) you

a failing grade? _____________________ (you / ask) him about it?

B: Sure. _____________________(I / talk) to him. I’d want to know why I got it.

3. A: What would you do if ______________________________ (a friend / not invite) you to a party?

B: I_______________________________ (feel) awful.

 Check your answers.

1. A: What would you do if you got a job offer in

another city? Would you accept it?

B: No. I would miss my family. They live here.

2. A: What would you do if your teacher gave you

a failing grade? Would you ask him about it?

B: Sure. I would talk to him. I’d want to know why I got it.

3. A: What would you do if a friend didn’t invite you to a party?

B: I would feel awful.

1b. Grammar: Second conditional sentences

Rewrite the sentences and use the second conditional. Keep the same meaning.

1. I don't know his address. I can't contact him. If I ____________ his address, I could contact him.
2. He is ill. He can't go skiing. If he wasn't ill, he _____________ skiing.
3. He doesn't like tomatoes. He won't eat the salad. If he ____________ tomatoes, he would eat the
salad.
4. I travel on my own because I speak English. I wouldn't travel on my own if I ______________
English.
5. We don't have enough room in our house. You can't stay with us. If we _____________ enough
room in our house, you could stay with us.
6. You aren't lucky. You won't win. If you were lucky, you ______________ .
7. I go to bed early because I work so hard. I wouldn't go to bed early if I _____________ so hard.
8. I am eighteen. I can vote. If I _______________ eighteen, I couldn't vote.
9. Go to Corfu. You may like it. If you went to Corfu, you _____________ it.
10. You'll manage it. Don't panic. You would manage it if you _________________ .
 Check your answers.

1. If I knew his address, I could contact him.

2. If he wasn't ill, he could go skiing.
3. If he liked tomatoes, he would eat the salad.
4. I wouldn't travel on my own if I didn't speak English.
5. If we had enough room in our house, you could stay with us.
6. If you were lucky, you would win.
7. I wouldn't go to bed early if I didn't work so hard.
8. If I wasn't | weren't eighteen, I couldn't vote.
9. If you went to Corfu, you might like it.
10. You would manage it if you didn't panic.
1c. Grammar: Second conditional mistakes
There is one mistake in each sentence. Underline it and correct it. Keep the short or long forms.

Example:
If you helped me, we will finish in time.  would finish

1. I can't go out. Believe me, I wouldn't stay at home if I'm not ill. _______________
2. If my mum was younger, she studied at university. _______________
3. I can't afford this car. But I'd buy it if I have more money. _______________
4. I don't speak French. If I'd speak French, I'd live in Provence. _______________
5. If you aren't my best friend, I wouldn't tolerate your behaviour. _______________
6. Paul is unemployed. He would be happier if he founded a job. _______________
7. He doesn't want to do the exam. But he could enter university if he'd pass it. _______________
8. I don't know his phone number. I'll text him if I knew it. _______________
9. They wouldn't travel to Egypt if they can't stand hot weather. _______________
10. If I were you, I should listen to your parents. _______________
Check your answers.

1. I weren't
2. would study
3. had more money
4. I spoke
5. If you weren't
6. if he found
7. if he passed it
8. I'd text him if I knew it.
9. if they couldn't stand
10. I would listen
1d. Grammar: Second conditional word order.

Use the words to make the second conditional statements. Remember to use the correct form of the verb.

Example:
I'd play with you_____________________________. help me | with the housework | you | if
I'd play with you if you helped me with the housework.

1. I wouldn't go there _____________________________. be | I | if | you

2. a crime | you | admit _____________________if you didn't commit it?
3. Jim would be happier __________________________you | about it | if | not tell him
4. If you won this match, _________________________? win | you | the tournament
5. go | we | to the beach _________________________ if it were cloudy?
6. We wouldn't mind your marriage ______________________________.get married | in church | you |
on condition that
7. Suppose I wanted to renovate the house, ____________________________? a hand | give me | you
8. What would you do __________________________________back | he | the money | not give you | if
 Check your answers.

1. I wouldn't go there if I were you.

2. Would you admit to a crime if you didn't commit it?
3. Jim would be happier if you did not tell him about it.
4. If you won this match, would you win the tournament?
5. Would we go to the beach if it were cloudy?
6. We wouldn't mind your marriage on condition that you got married in
church.
7. Suppose I wanted to renovate the house, would you give me a hand?
8. What would you do if he didn't give you the money back?
1. bothersome
2. deep
3. deserted
4. disappointed
5. elegant
6. full
7. glamorous
8. loud
9. polite
10. rude
11. tiny
12. tough
2a. Vocabulary: adjectives.

Match the definitions with words from unit 9.

1. Impolite, harsh, ungentle. Without culture, learning or refinement. _____________

2. Strong or long lasting. Hard. Difficult. ________

1. bothersome
3. Causing annoyance or worrying. Troublesome. __________ 2. deep
4. Marked by high volume of sound. Noisy. _________ 3. deserted
5. No superficial. Serious. Profound. Extending far from the top of surface. ____________ 4. disappointed
5. elegant
6. Charming, attractive, full of fascination. ___________
6. full
7. Showing good manners, courteous, refined, cultured. _________ 7. glamorous
8. Abandoned, forsaken lonely, without inhabitants. ___________ 8. loud
9. Depressed or discouraged by the failure of one’s hopes or expectations. ____________ 9. polite
10. rude
10. Very small. Minute. ____________
11. tiny
11. Abundant, completely filled, complete. ___________
12. tough
12. Graceful, polished, or luxurious in style, design of form ___________
 Check your answers.
1. Impolite, harsh, ungentle. Without culture, learning or refinement. rude

2. Strong or long lasting. Hard. Difficult. tough

3. Causing annoyance or worrying. Troublesome. bothersome

4. Marked by high volume of sound. Noisy. loud

5. No superficial. Serious. Profound. Extending far from the top of surface. deep

6. Charming, attractive, full of fascination. glamorous

7. Showing good manners, courteous, refined, cultured. polite

8. Abandoned, forsaken lonely, without inhabitants. deserted

9. Depressed or discouraged by the failure of one’s hopes or expectations. disappointed

10. Very small. Minute. tiny

11. Abundant, completely filled, complete. full

12. Graceful, polished, or luxurious in style, design of form. elegant

 Sources & Credits

● https://thenounproject.com/
● https:/ / www.shutterstock.com/
● https:/ / dictionary.cambridge.org/ es/ diccionario/ ingles-espanol/ credit
● English Discoveries Student platform
● https:/ / slidesmania.com/ es/
● http:/ / walesskag.over-blog.com/ article-modal-verbs-102110707.html
● https:/ / www.flaticon.com/ free-icon/ youtube_1384060?term=video&page=1&position=1
● https:/ / www.ldoceonline.com/ dictionary

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