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    Standard Test Methods For Density Determination of Flax Fiber

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    Anteneh Geremew
    This document outlines two test methods for determining the density of flax fiber: gas pycnometry and buoyancy (Archimedes) method. Gas pycnometry is more accurate but requires sample conditioning to prevent outgassing, while the buoyancy method is less accurate but can be used if outgassing cannot be addressed. Fiber density is a useful material property for evaluating new materials, determining fiber strength and modulus, and calculating reinforcement volume in composites. The standard provides procedures, terminology, safety considerations, and references related to testing flax fiber density.

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    Standard Test Methods For Density Determination of Flax Fiber

    Uploaded by

    Anteneh Geremew
    212 views2 pages
    This document outlines two test methods for determining the density of flax fiber: gas pycnometry and buoyancy (Archimedes) method. Gas pycnometry is more accurate but requires sample conditioning to prevent outgassing, while the buoyancy method is less accurate but can be used if outgassing cannot be addressed. Fiber density is a useful material property for evaluating new materials, determining fiber strength and modulus, and calculating reinforcement volume in composites. The standard provides procedures, terminology, safety considerations, and references related to testing flax fiber density.

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    Original Title

    ASTMD8171Density-Summary

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    This document outlines two test methods for determining the density of flax fiber: gas pycnometry and buoyancy (Archimedes) method. Gas pycnometry is more accurate but requires sample conditioning to prevent outgassing, while the buoyancy method is less accurate but can be used if outgassing cannot be addressed. Fiber density is a useful material property for evaluating new materials, determining fiber strength and modulus, and calculating reinforcement volume in composites. The standard provides procedures, terminology, safety considerations, and references related to testing flax fiber density.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    212 views2 pages

    Standard Test Methods For Density Determination of Flax Fiber

    Uploaded by

    Anteneh Geremew
    This document outlines two test methods for determining the density of flax fiber: gas pycnometry and buoyancy (Archimedes) method. Gas pycnometry is more accurate but requires sample conditioning to prevent outgassing, while the buoyancy method is less accurate but can be used if outgassing cannot be addressed. Fiber density is a useful material property for evaluating new materials, determining fiber strength and modulus, and calculating reinforcement volume in composites. The standard provides procedures, terminology, safety considerations, and references related to testing flax fiber density.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    Standard Test Methods for Density Determination of Flax Fiber https://www.astm.org/Standards/D8171.

    htm

    Standard Test Methods for Density Determination of


    Flax Fiber

    ASTM D8171 - 18

    An ASTM designation number identifies a unique version of an ASTM standard.

    D8171 - 18

    D = miscellaneous materials;

    8171 = assigned sequential number

    18 = year of original adoption (or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision)

    Standard Test Methods for Density Determination of Flax Fiber

    Significance and Use

    5.1 Fiber density is useful in the evaluation of new materials at the research and development level
    and is one of the material properties normally given in fiber specifications.

    5.2 Fiber density can be used to determine fiber strength and modulus of a single fiber or bundle of
    fibers. These properties are based on load or modulus slope over an effective area. Fiber density,
    when used with the lineal mass of the specimen, can calculate an approximate, total effective area
    for the specimen.

    5.3 In composite applications, fiber density is used as constituent property when determining
    reinforcement volume and void volume based on reinforcement mass and laminate density.

    1. Scope

    1.1 These test methods cover two procedures for determination of the density of flax fiber and are
    applicable to fibers of any length.

    1.1.1 Test Method A—Gas Pycnometry—This is the more accurate method of density measurement
    and is preferred in cases in which specimen conditioning (oven drying) can be applied or outgassing
    effects can be mitigated by purge settings. The level of accuracy for the test methods can be assessed
    from the precision and bias tables. Outgassing effects can be assessed by performing a purge cycle,
    pressurization, and pressure stability check on the sample. If the pressure increases in an isolated
    sample chamber, outgassing may affect the accuracy of results. Oven dry specimens below 55 ºC to
    equilibrium with a 0 % relative humidity (RH) environment or use longer purge methods, or both,
    to eliminate outgassing effects.

    1.1.2 Test Method B—Buoyancy (Archimedes) Method—This is acceptable as an alternative to Test


    Method A in applications in which less accurate results are sufficient, as represented in the precision
    and bias tables. Test Method B is preferred in cases in which outgassing effects in Test Method A
    cannot be addressed by oven drying or purge settings and prevent Test Method A from producing

    1 of 2 07-Dec.-2018, 4:15 p.m.


    Standard Test Methods for Density Determination of Flax Fiber https://www.astm.org/Standards/D8171.htm

    valid results.

    1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are
    included in this standard.

    1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its
    use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and
    environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
    Specific hazard statements are given in Sections 9 and 17.

    1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized
    principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of
    International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization
    Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

    2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced
    within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.

    ASTM Standards

    D1577 Test Methods for Linear Density of Textile Fibers

    D3800 Test Method for Density of High-Modulus Fibers

    D3878 Terminology for Composite Materials

    D6798 Terminology Relating to Flax and Linen

    E12 Terminology Relating to Density and Specific Gravity of Solids, Liquids, and Gases

    E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods

    E1309 Guide for Identification of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer-Matrix Composite Materials in


    Databases

    ICS Code

    ICS Number Code 59.060.10 (Natural fibres)

    Referencing This Standard

    Link Here
    Link to Active (This link will always route to the current Active version of the standard.)

    DOI: 10.1520/D8171-18

    Citation Format

    ASTM D8171-18, Standard Test Methods for Density Determination of Flax Fiber, ASTM
    International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2018, www.astm.org

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    2 of 2 07-Dec.-2018, 4:15 p.m.

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