Faculty of Built Environment and Surveying Department of Geoinformation
Faculty of Built Environment and Surveying Department of Geoinformation
Faculty of Built Environment and Surveying Department of Geoinformation
DEPARTMENT OF GEOINFORMATION
ASSIGNMENT 2:
BATHYMETRIC MAPPING
PREPARED BY:
SALWA NAJLAA BINTI MOHAMAD ALI
A16GH0131
LECTURER NAME:
DR ZAMRI BIN ISMAIL
INTRODUCTION
Bathymetry is the study about the hydrography where measure the physical highlights
of water body. It also studies about the depth of underwater and constitute the main source of
information on the morphology of the ocean floor and also measure the height from water
bed to the water surface (sounding). The depth of underwater is measured by the time it takes
for the beam sound to travel from a sounder to the seafloor and the reflected back to the
sounder which informs the equipment the distance to the seafloor.
There are two methods which are usually used in hydrographic survey which is single
beam echo sounder system and multi-beam echo sounder (MBES) system. Single beam echo
sounder system needs a single line profiles of water depth of ocean floor as the vessel travel
through the survey line. Data gathered are typically heave compensated before processed the
tidal effects. The prepared soundings will be contoured and plotted as hydrographic outlines.
Multi-beam echo sounder (MBES) system get an area of bathymetry sounding over the vessel
travel path. When all is said in done, data collected will be de-spiked, revised for vessel
heading, movement and tides, the information will at that point be grided and changed over
into DTM (Digital Terrain Model), which can be outlined on the software.
So, from the bathymetric data, there are many importance such as the nautical chart
that get from the bathymetric data can be a guide mariner much as road map guide, ensuring
safe and efficient maritime transport. Bathymetric maps are progressively significant as
researchers become familiar with the impacts of environmental change on the earth.
Bathymetric overviews can make researchers aware of continuous and potential sea shore
disintegration, ocean level ascent, and subsidence (land sinking). Researchers likewise utilize
bathymetric information to make hydrodynamic models. Bathymetry is a key component of
natural oceanography. The depth and characteristics of the seabed characterize the living
space for benthic (base dwelling) life forms, and are key parameters of marine biological
systems. Researchers utilize high resolution bathymetry to help figure out where fish and
other ocean life will take care of, live, and breed.
Bathymetry is under the hydrography element in the Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI).
So, bathymetry data are as part of Marine SDI.
AIM
OBJECTIVES
METHODOLOGY
WGS84
2. To create a TIN from the shapefile of contour, search TIN and choose “Create TIN
(3D Analyst)”.
3. The Create TIN window will pop up, fill all the detail to create TIN. Choose
“GDM_2000_BRSO_East_Malaysia” in the coordinate system. Then click OK
8. In the attribute table, add field (Depth) – Precision: 11, scale: 0 and type: double.
Then, can start editing.
9. Create IDW.
10. To create the IDW, fill all the detail.
1. Add new data frame. Name the new data frame: BRSO
3. Add the data: Contour and Height (from WGS data frame)
4. Before transform the data to BRSO, create custom geographic transformation.
Name: MRT to GDM2000
Input Geographic Coordinate System: WGS 1984
Output Geographic Coordinate System: BRSO
Method: Coordinate_Frame
Fill the parameter.
9. Then, create contour. Choose “Contour (3D Analyst)”. Fill all the detail. Contour
interval: 5
10. The result will produce.
RESULTS
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION
1. IDW
Features code: HG0060
2. Contour
Features code: RA0010
Attribute code: CLV (Contour Line Value)
3. TIN
Features code: XA0040
4. Point of depth
Features code: HG0050
Attribute code: DPT (depth)
The example of attribute code of RA0010 (CLV) and HG0050 (DPT)in WGS84
The example of attribute code of RA0010 (CLV) and HG0050 (DPT)in BRSO