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Judicial Affidavit Rule A.M. NO. 12-8-8-SC
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Republic of the Philippines Supreme Court HManila A.M. No. 12-8-8-SC JUDICIAL AFFIDAVIT RULE Whereas, case congestion and delays plague most courts in cities, given the huge volume of cases filed each year and the slow and cumbersome adversarial system that the judiciary has in place; Whereas, about 40% of criminal cases are dismissed annually owing to the fact that complainants simply give up coming to court after repeated postponements; Whereas, few foreign businessmen make long-term investments in the Philippines because its courts are unable to provide ample and speedy protection to their investments, keeping its people poor; Whereas, in order to reduce the time needed for completing the testimonies of witnesses in cases under litigation, on February 21, 2012 the Supreme Court approved for piloting by trial courts in Quezon City the compulsory use of judicial affidavits in place of the direct testimonies of witnesses; Whereas, it is reported that such piloting has quickly resulted in reducing by about two-thirds the time used for presenting the testimonies of witnesses, thus speeding up the hearing and adjudication of cases; Whereas, the Supreme Court Committee on the Revision of the Rules of Court, headed by Senior Associate Justice Antonio T. Carpio, and the Sub-Committee on the Revision of the Rules on Civil Procedure, headed by Associate Justice Roberto A. Abad, have recommended for adoption a Judicial Affidavit Rule that will replicate nationwide the success of the Quezon City experience in the use of judicial affidavits; and Whereas, the Supreme Court En Banc finds merit in the recommendation; NOW, THEREFORE, the Supreme Court En Banc hereby issues and promulgates the following:Judicial Affidavit Rule Section 1. Scope: - (a) This Rule shall apply to all actions, _ proceedings, and incidents requiring the reception of evidence before:) (1) The Metropolitan Trial’ Courts) the Municipal Trial Courts in Cities, the Municipal Trial Courts, the Municipal Circuit Trial Courts, | and the Shari’a Circuit Courts but shall not apply to’small claims cases under A.M. 08-8-7-SC; (2) The ; (3) The ee. Court of e (4) The dnivestigating officers and bodies authorized by the Supreme Court to receive evidence, including the Integrated Bar of the Philippine (IBP); and (5) The ;, whose rules of procedure are subject to disapproval of the Supreme Court, insofar as their existing rules of procedure contravene the provisions of this Rule.! (b) For the purpose of brevity, the above courts, quasi-judicial bodies, or investigating officers shall be uniformly referred to here as the “court.” Sec. 2. Submission of Judicial Affidavits and Exhibits in liew of direct testimonies. - (a) The parties shall file with the court/and serve on the) personally or by licensed courier service, or preliminary conference or the scheduled (hearing with respect to motions and incidents, (1) The judicial affidavits of their witnesses, which shall take the place of such witnesses’ direct testimonies; and (2) The parties’ documentary or object evidence, if any, which shall be attached to the judicial affidavits and marked as Exhibits A, B, C, and so on in the case of the complainant or the plaintiff, and as Exhibits 1, 2, 3, and so on in the case of the respondent or the defendant. (b) Should a party or a witness , he may, after the same has been identified, marked as exhibit, and authenticated, warrant in his judicial affidavit that the copy or reproduction attached to such affidavit is a faithful copy or reproduction of that original. In addition, the party or witness shall bring the original document or object evidence for comparison during the preliminary conference with the attached copy, reproduction, or pictures; * By virtue of the Supreme Court's authority under Section 5 (5), Article Vill, of the 1987 Constitution to disapprove rules of procedure of special courts and quasi-judicial bodies. 2Judicial Affidavit Rule This is without prejudice to the introduction of secondary evidence in place of the original when allowed by existing rules. Sec. 3, . - A judicial affidavit shall be prepared in the language known to the witness and, if not in English or Filipino, accompanied by a translation in English or Filipino, and shall contain the following: (a) The name, age, residence or business address, and occupation of the witness; (©) A statement that the witness is answering the questions asked of him, fully conscious that he does so under oath, and that he may face criminal liability for false testimony or perjury; (a) Questions asked of the witness and his corresponding answers, consecutively numbered, that: (1) Show the circumstances under which the witness acquired the facts upon which he testifies; (2) Elicit from him those facts-which are relevant to the issues that the case presents; and (3) Identify the attached documentary and object evidence and establish their authenticity in accordance with the Rules of Court; (c) The signature of the witness over his printed name; and (8 A jurat with the signature of the notary public who administers the oath or an officer who is authorized by law to administer the same. Sec. 4. Sworn attestation of the lawyer. - (a) The judicial affidavit shall contain a sworn attestation at the end, executed by the lawyer who conducted or supervised the examination of the witness, to the effect that: (1) He faithfully recorded or caused to be recorded the questions he asked and the corresponding.answers that the and (2) then present or assisting him : (b) A false attestation shall subject the lawyer mentioned to disciplinary action, including disbarment.Judicial Affidavit Rule Sec. 5) Subpoena. - If the or the requested witness, who is ora ‘hostile witness) unjustifiably declines to execute a judicial affidavit or crt! uc cour he eng Pry va hime of of the Rules of Court. The to the witness in this case shall be the same as when taking his deposition ema that the taking of a judicial affidavit shall be understood to be ex Sec. 6. —The party presenting the judicial affidavit of his witness in place of direct testimony shall f the - presentation of the witness. The adverse party may the on ground of inadmissibility. The court shall promptly rule on the motion and, if granted, shall cause the marking of any excluded answer by placing it in brackets under the initials of an authorized court personnel, without prejudice to a tender of excluded evidence under Section 40 of Rule 132 of the Rules of Court. Sec. 7. Examination of the witness on his judicial affidavit. - The adverse party shall have the right to cross-examine the witness on his judicial affidavit and on the exhibits attached to the same. The party who presents the witness may also examine him as on re-direct. In every case, tHe court shall take active part in examining the witness to determine his credibility as well as the truth of his testimony and to elicit the answers that it needs for resolving the issues. Sec. 8. Oral offer of and objections tov exhibits, - (a) Upon the i a party shall idence of his documentary or object (b) After each piece of exhibit is offered, the adWerse patty shall tate ega groundsanhie objection if ry, oxisadmission, and the court shall immediately make its ruling respecting, that exhibit. (6) Since the @ocumentary (or /objectyexhibits form part of the judicial affidavits that describe and authenticate them, it is sufficient that such exhibits are simply the objections, and the rulings, dispensing with the description of eac! exhibit.Jucicial Affidavit Rule Se illic ettecriminstaetins, ~ (a) This rule shall apply to (1) Where the sasainiaih 6f the imposable penaltydoesinot (2) Where the accused agrees to the use/of judicial affidavits, oF i s, whatever the penalties involved are. (b) The prosecution shall submit the judicial affidavits of its witnesses not later than five days before the pre-trial, serving copies of the same upon the accused. The complainant or public prosecutor shall attach to the affidavits such documentary or object evidence as he may have, marking them as Exhibits A, B, C, and so on, No further judicial affidavit, documentary, or object evidence shall be admitted at the trial. (0) If the accused desires to be heard on his defense after receipt of the judicial affidavits of the prosecution, he shall have the option to submit his judicial affidavit as well as those of his witnesses to the court within ten days from receipt of such affidavits and serve a copy of each on the public and private prosecutor, including his documentary and object evidence previously marked as Exhibits 1, 2, 3, and so on. These affidavits shall serve as direct testimonies of the accused and his witnesses when they appear before the court to testify. Sec. 10, Effect of non-compliance with the Judicial Affidavit Rule. - (a) A party who fails to submit the required judicial affidavits and exhibits on time shall be deemed to have waived their submission. The court may, however, allow only once the late submission of the same provided, the delay is for a valid reason, would not unduly prejudice the opposing party, and the defaulting party pays a fine of not less than P1,000.00 nor more than P5,000.00, at the discretion of the court. (b) The court shall not consider the affidavit of any witness who fails to appear at the scheduled hearing of the case as required. Counsel who fails to appear without valid cause despite notice shall be deemed to have waived his client's right to confront by cross-examination the witnesses there present. (0) The court shall not admit as evidence judicial affidavits that do not conform to the content requirements of Section 3 and the attestation requirement of Section 4 above. The court may, however, allow only once the subsequent submission of the compliant replacement affidavits before the hearing or trial provided the delay is for a valid reason and
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