PROJECT FILE ON E-COMMERCE WITH ESSENTIALS OF

INTERNET MARKETING (TATA MOTORS) AND INTERNET

BANKING(UNION BANK OF INDIA)

ST. THOMAS MANAGEMENT INSTITUTE ,

JHAJJAR , HARYANA

SUBMITTED IN THE PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE

AWARD OF 2 YEAR DEGREE OF

MASTERS OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

Session:-2018-2020

SUBMITTED BY​ ​SUBMITTED TO

Himanshu ​ ​Poonam gupta

MBA (2018-2020)
 Acknowledgement
​

I owe an enormous debt of gratitude to many different people to help and support me to create this
project file.

I would like to thank you. Lecture and advisor, ​St. Thomas

Management institute jahangirpur, Jhajjar (Haryana)​ for this guidance and support.

Their honest feedback and willingness to share their experience that help me to supplement my theoretical
knowledge with practical experience.

I am also grateful to all those who have directly or indirectly helped me, supported me and devoted their
time during the whole tenure of my project.

​MBA IV sem

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART - I​ ​ NATURE OF E-COMMERCE

E-COMMERCE - INTRODUCTION 4

E-COMMERCE - MEANING 4-5

E-COMMERCE - FEATURES 6

E-COMMERCE - BENEFITS 7-8

E-COMMERCE - PITFALLS 9-10

E-COMMERCE - MODELS 11-12

E-COMMERCE - PAYMENT SYSTEMS 13-17

PART - II ​ ​ UTILITY OF E-COMMERCE

INTERNET MARKETING 18-24

INTERNET BANKING 25-31

BIBLIOGRAPHY 32

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E - COMMERCE

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 E-Commerce – Introduction

E-commerce means using the Internet and the web for business transactions and/or commercial
transactions, which typically involve the exchange of value (e.g., money) across organizational or
individual boundaries in return for products and services. Here we focus on digitally enabled commercial
transactions among organizations and individuals.

E-business applications turn into e-commerce precisely, when an exchange of value occurs. Digitally
enabled transactions include all transactions mediated by digital technology and platform; that is,
transactions that occur over the Internet and the web.

Hence, e-tailing is a subset of e-commerce, which encapsulates all “commerce” conducted via the
Internet. It refers to that part of e-commerce that entails the sale of product merchandise and does not
include sale of services, namely railway tickets, airlines tickets and job portals

E-Commerce – Meaning

The term electronic commerce or e-commerce refers to any sort of business transaction that involves the
transfer of information through the internet. By definition it covers a variety of business activities which
use the internet as a platform for either information exchange or monetary transaction or both at times.

E-commerce means using the Internet and the web for business transactions and/or commercial
transactions, which typically involve the exchange of value (e.g., money) across organizational or
individual boundaries in return for products and services.

For example​, the numbers of consumer brand retail sites like Amazon(dot)com and Flipkart(dot)com
which normally provides information about products and also allows monetary transactions to happen
over the internet.
On the contrary there are the auctions sites like Quikr(dot)com and Ebay(dot)com where the information
about certain listed products and services are provided but the monetary transactions normally happen
physically.

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Apart from these two categories of e-commerce sites, there are some sites which enable businesses to
exchange trading goods and also service between two or more companies. All of these forms of internet
based business platforms are known as e-commerce​.

Over the last decade the advent of e-commerce has actually transformed the manner in which people used
internet. People now are not only just using internet for gathering information, leisure or socializing
online but also at the same time they are seeking measures to conduct business.

Even popular social networking sites like Facebook(dot)com are allowing people to promote and sell
products and services online and the introduction of computer and mobile based e-commerce application
software like Shopify provides evidence of how e-commerce have boomed over the past 5 years​.

Here we focus on digitally enabled commercial transactions among organizations and individuals.

Electronic commerce, known as E-Commerce, occurs daily when sellers and buyers use the internet to
conduct business transactions. Technology makes it possible for anyone to buy or sell practically anything
online.

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 E-Commerce – Features
E-Commerce has pertain key features which are explained as follows​:

1. E-Commerce is Technology-Enabled: ​Traditional commerce has been taking place since time
immemorial but E-commerce is the result of integration of digital technology with business processes and
commercial transactions. The technological foundations of E-commerce are the internet, WWW and
various protocols.
2. Technology Mediated:​ ​In E-commerce buyers and sellers meet in cyber space rather than physical
places. Hence E-commerce does not involve face to face contact.
3. Universality: ​Buying and selling take place through websites in E-Commerce. The websites can be
accessed from anywhere around the globe at any time therefore it possesses the feature of universality.
4. Intercommunication​: E-commerce technology ensures two way communications between buyer
and seller. On one hand by using E- commerce firms can communicate with customers through
E-commerce enabled websites. On the other end, customers can also fill order forms, feedback forms and
can communicate with business operating firms.
5. Delivery of Information:​ E-commerce serves as the best channel of communication. E-commerce
technologies ensure speedy delivery of information at very low cost and considerably increase
information density as well.
6. Electronic Completion of Business Processes:​ By using E- commerce we can perform business
transactions like accounting and inventory through computers at global level.
7. Virtual Communities:​ Virtual Communities are online communities created by means such as chat
rooms and specifically designed sites like, where people can interact with each other having common
interest using the internet.
8. Interdisciplinary in Nature:​ Implementation of E-Commerce needs a lot of knowledge of
managerial, technological, social and legal issues. Besides this, understanding of consumer behaviour,
marketing tools and financial aspects is as crucial as designing interactive E- Commerce websites.
9. Customization​: With the use of E-commerce technology, the world is moving from mass-production
to mass-customization. Product customization ensures that goods are tailor made as per the requirements
and preferences of customers.Like Dell Computers Website www(dot)dell(dot)com enables the
consumers to mention configuration of a Computer and then the product is made available and delivered
as per the configuration ordered by the customer.

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 E-Commerce – Benefits

E-commerce provides the following main benefits:

(i) Convenience​ –​ Customers can order products or services 24 hours a day wherever they are.

(ii) Information –​ Customers can find reams of comparative information about companies, products,
competitors and prices without leaving their office or home.

(iii) Fewer Hassles –​ Customers don’t have to face salespeople or open themselves up to persuasion
and emotional factors, they also don’t have to wait in line.

(iv) Quick Adjustment to Market Conditions by Marketers –​ Companies can quickly add
products to their offering and change prices and descriptions.

(v) Lower Cost –​ On-line Marketers avoid the expense of maintaining a store and the costs of rent,
insurance and utilities.

They can produce digital catalogues for much less cost than the cost of printing and mailing paper
catalogues.

(vi) Relatively Building – ​On-line marketers can dialogue with consumers and learn from them.
Marketers can download useful reports or a free demo of their softwares.

(vii) Audience Sizing – ​On-line Marketers can learn how many people visited their website and how
many of them shopped at particular places on the site. This information can help them improve offers and
advertisements.

(viii) On-line Marketing – ​It is easy affordable by small firms, who otherwise would not have been
able to advertise in the print or broadcast media.

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(ix) E-Commerce –​ E-commerce through the Internet and website can access and retrieve information
very fast, compared to overnight mail and even fax.

(x) Large and Medium – ​These companies have designed their own websites to automate corporate
purchasing. The high cost on invoices and purchase order copies including time are saved a great deal due
to the E-commerce and Internet phase.

(xi)​ Internet newsgroups set up for commercial purposes help companies place on-line advertisements
and thus save cost and time.

(xii)​ New groups, Bulletins board systems (BBSs) and Web committees help buyers, sellers and people in
general to have access to valuable information on diverse topics including information of cultivation for
farmers.

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 E-Commerce – Pitfalls
1. Security: ​Security continues to be a problem for online businesses. Customers have to feel confident
about the integrity of the payment process before they commit to the purchase. Banks such as ICICI Bank,
HDFC Bank, State Bank of India have added secure payment gateways to process online bank​ing
transactions quickly and safely.

2. System and Data Integrity:​ Data protection and the integrity of the system that handles the data are
serious concerns. Computer viruses are rampant, with new viruses discovered every day. Vi​ruses cause
unnecessary delays, file backups, storage problems, and other similar difficulties. The danger of hackers
accessing files and corrupting accounts adds more stress to an already complex operation.

3. System Scalability: ​A business develops an interactive interface with customers via a website. After
a while, statistical analysis determines whether visitors to the site are one-time or recurring customers. If
the company expects 2 million customers and 6 million show up, website performance is bound to
experience degradation, slowdown, and eventually loss of customers. To stop this problem from
happening, a website must be scalable, or upgradable on a regular basis.

4. E-Commerce is Not Free:​ So far, success stories in e-commerce have forced large businesses with
deep pockets and good funding to invest in creating on-line websites. According to a report, small
retailers that go head-to-head with e-commerce giants are fighting losing battle. As in the
brick-and-mortar environment, they simply cannot compete on price or product offering. Brand loyalty is
related to this issue, which is supposed to be less impor​tant for online firms. Brands are expected to lower
search costs, build trust, and communicate quality. A search engine can come up with the best music
deals, for example, yet consumers continue to flock to trusted entities such as HMV.

5. Consumer Search is not Efficient or Cost-Effective:​ On the surface, the electronic marketplace
seems to be a perfect market, where worldwide sellers and buyers share and trade without intermediaries.
However, a closer look indicates that new types of intermediaries are essential to e-commerce. They
include electronic malls that guar​antee legitimacy of transactions. All these intermediaries add to
transaction costs.

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6. Customer Relations Problems: ​Not many businesses realise that even e-business cannot survive
over the long term without loyal customers. Building customer loy​alty to a specific site is not an easy
task. Customers are notoriously fickle-minded, and do not minding visiting a competing website just to
avail even one-time benefits or discounts.

7. Products-People Won’t Buy Online:​ Imagine a website called furniture, com or living.com,
where venture capitalists are investing millions in selling home furnishings online. In the case of a sofa,
you would want to sit on it, feel the texture of the fabric etc. Beside the sofa test, online furniture stores
face costly returns which makes the product harder to sell online.

8. Corporate Vulnerability:​ The availability of product details, catalogues, and other information
about a business through its web​site makes it vulnerable to access by the competition. The idea of
extracting business intelligence from the website is called web framing. And such threats are in​creasing
day by day in this digital, networked world.

9. High Risk of Internet Start-Up:​ Many stories unfolded in 1999 about successful executives in
established firms leaving for In​ternet start-ups, only to find out that their get-rich dream with a dot.com
was just that – a dream.

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 E-Commerce – Models
The major different types of E-Commerce are:

I. Business-to-Business (​B2B);

II. Business-to-Consumer​ (B2C);

III. Consumer-to-Business ​(C2B);

IV. Consumer-to-Consumer ​(C2C);

V. Mobile Commerce ​(M-Commerce).

​I. Business to Business (B2B): ​Business to business, known as B2B model, is the largest e-commerce
model that is based on revenue which involves trillions of dollars. In this both the buyers and sellers are
business entities. B2B describes commerce transactions between businesses, such as between a
manufacturer and a wholesaler, or between a wholesaler and a retailer.

1.​ Business to Business or B2B refers to E-Commerce activities between businesses.

2​. In E-Commerce B2B, transactions are usually carried out through Electronic Data Interchange or EDI.
EDI is an automated format of exchanging information between businesses over private networks.
3​. EDI is composed of standards that enable businesses’ computers to conduct transactions with each
other, without human intervention.
4.​ For Example- Manufacturers and wholesalers are B2B companies.

II. Business to Customer (B2C):​ ​Business to consumer is the first type of e-commerce that is also
the most common one. It is also known as B2C model. In this type online business selling is offered to
individual customers. This type started to expand after 1995 and now became one of the most common
e-commerce.
1.​ Business to Customer or B2C refers to E-Commerce activities that are focused on consumers rather
than on businesses.
2.​ For instance, a book retailer would be a B2C company such as Amazon.com​.

III. Customer to Business (C2B):

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1. Customer to Business or C2B refers to E-Commerce activities, which use reverse pricing models where
the customer determines the price of the product or services.
2. For example – tele workers and online auctions are C2B processes.

​IV. Customer to Customer (C2C): ​Consumer to consumer (C2C) or citizen-to-citizen electronic

commerce involves the electronically facilitated transactions between consumers through some third
party. A common example is the online auction, in which a consumer posts an item for sale and other
consumers bid to purchase it; the third party generally charges a flat fee or commission.

1. Customer to Customer or C2C refers to E-Commerce activities, which uses an auction style model.
2. Customers are also the business and C2C enables customers to directly deal with each other. An
example of this is peer auction giant, EBay.

V. M-Commerce (Mobile Commerce): ​Mobile commerce or m-commerce, uses mobile devices like
the mobile phones as can carry out online transactions. Nowadays, web designers are trying to optimize
websites so they can easily view on mobile phones and to allow the use of this model.

1. M-commerce (mobile commerce) is the buying and selling of goods and services through wireless
technology i.e., handheld devices such as cellular telephones and personal digital assistants. Japan is seen
as a global leader in m-commerce.

Other Models

Business to Administration (B2A) -​ encompasses all online transactions between companies and public
administration. The model has increased due to governments investing in e-government.
Consumer to Administration (C2A) - ​This model includes all electronic transactions conducted between
individuals and public administration.
These two can be found in the education field, fiscal, social security, taxes, employment, health, legal
documents and registers.
.
Both use B2A and C2A because the models are strongly associated with the idea of efficiency and easy
usability of the services, with the support of information and communication technologies.

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 E-Commerce – Payments Systems

Types of Electronic Payment Systems

• Electronic payment systems are proliferating in banking, retail, health care, on-line markets, and even
government—in fact, anywhere money needs to change hands.
• Organizations are motivated by the need to deliver products and services more cost effectively and to
provide a higher quality of service to customers
• The emerging electronic payment technology labeled electronic funds transfer (EFT).
• EFT is defined as ―any transfer of funds initiated through an electronic terminal, telephonic instrument,
or computer or magnetic tape so as to order, instruct, or authorize a financial institution.

EFT can be segmented into three broad categories:

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• Banking and financial payments
– Large-scale or wholesale payments (e.g., bank-to-bank transfer)
– Small-scale or retail payments (e.g., automated teller machines)
– Home banking (e.g., bill payment)

• Retailing payments
– Credit Cards (e.g., VISA or MasterCard)
– Private label credit/debit cards (e.g., J.C. Penney Card)
– Charge Cards (e.g., American Express

• On-line electronic commerce payments

1. Token-based payment systems
- Electronic cash (e.g., DigiCash)
- Electronic checks (e.g., NetCheque)
- Smart cards or debit cards (e.g., Mondex Electronic Currency Card))
2. Credit card-based payments systems
- Encrypted Credit Cards (e.g., World Wide Web form-based encryption)
- Third-party authorization numbers (e.g., First Virtual)

1) Digital Token-Based Electronic Payment Systems

Electronic tokens are three types:

1. Cash or Real-time
• Transactions are settled with exchange of electronic currency.
• Ex: on-line currency exchange is electronic cash (e-cash).

2​ . Debit or Prepaid
• Users pay in advance for the privilege of getting information.
• Ex: prepaid payment mechanisms are stored in smart cards and electronic purses that store electronic
money.

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3. Credit or Postpaid
• The server authenticates the customers and verifies with the bank that funds are adequate before
purchase.
• Ex: postpaid mechanisms are credit/debit cards and electronic checks

Electronic Cash in Action

• Electronic Cash is based on cryptographic systems called ―digital signatures.
• This method involves a pair of numeric keys: one for locking (encoding) and the other for unlocking
(decoding). (Through public key and private key)

Purchasing E-cash from Currency Servers

The purchase of e-cash from an on-line currency server (or bank) involves two steps:
• Establishment of an account and
• Maintaining enough money in the account to bank the purchase
Some customers might prefer to purchase e-cash with paper currency, either to maintain anonymity or
because they don‘t have a bank account.

Electronic Checks
• It is another form of electronic tokens.
• In the given model shown in fig, buyers must register with a third-party account server before they are
able to write electronic checks.
• The account server acts as a billing service.

Smart Cards & Electronic Payment Systems

Smart cards are credit and debit cards and other card products enhanced with microprocessors capable of
holding more information than the traditional magnetic stripe.
Smart cards are basically two types:
– Relationship-Based Smart Credit Cards
– Electronic Purses, which replace money, are also known as debit cards and electronic money

Relationship-Based Smart Credit Cards

– It is an enhancement of existing cards services &/ or the addition of new services that a financial
institution delivers to its customers via a chip-based card or other device

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– These services include access to multiple financial accounts, value added marketing programs, or other
information card holders may want to store on their card
– It includes access to multiple accounts, such as debit, credit, cash access, bill payment & multiple access
options at multiple locations.

Electronic Purses
• To replace cash and place a financial instrument are racing to introduce electronic purses, wallet-sized
smart cards embedded with programmable microchips that store sums of money for people to use instead
of cash for everything
• The electronic purse works in the following manner:
1. After the purse is loaded with money at an ATM, it can be used to pay for candy in a vending machine
with a card reader.
2. It verifies card is authentic & it has enough money, the value is deducted from balance on the card &
added to an e-cash & remaining balance is displayed by the vending machine.

2) Credit Card-Based Electronic Payment Systems

Payment cards are all types of plastic cards that consumers use to make purchases: –
– Credit cards •​ Such as a Visa or a MasterCard, has a preset spending limit based on the user‘s credit
limit.
– Debit cards •​ Removes the amount of the charge from the cardholder‘s account and transfers it to the
seller‘s bank.
–​ Charge cards • ​Such as one from American Express, carries no preset spending limit.

Payment Acceptance and Processing

• Open loop (such as VISA) and closed loop (such as American Express) systems will accept and process
payment cards. .
• A merchant bank or acquiring bank is a bank that does business with merchants who want to accept
payment cards.
Software packaged with your electronic commerce software can handle payment card processing
automatically.
• Electronic cash is a general term that describes the attempts of several companies to create value storage

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and exchange system that operates online in much the same way that government-issued currency
operates in the physical world.

Electronic Cash Storage

• Two methods
- On-line
⇀ Individual does not have possession personally of electronic cash
⇀ Trusted third party, e.g. e-banking, bank holds customers‘ cash accounts
– Off-line
⇀ Customer holds cash on smart card or electronic wallet
⇀ Fraud and double spending require tamper-proof encryption

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 Internet Marketing
DEFINITION

“​Also called online marketing, it is the process of promoting a brand, products or services over the
Internet. Its broad scope includes email marketing, electronic customer relationship management and any
”​
promotional activities that are done via wireless media​ .

Internet Marketing comprises of:

1.Search Engine Optimization (SEO):​ ​SEO consists of on-page and off-page activities to boost your
website’s visibility in search engine result pages (SERPs) for your preferred keywords.It is important to
make your website easy for both visitors and search engine robots to understand. SEO helps search
engines decipher what each page is about, and how it may be useful for searchers. Keeping your website
content and navigation updated and relevant is essential to stay on top of search results.

2.Social Media Marketing​ (SMM):​ ​Social media marketing​ ensures you are present on the platforms
your users are spending the most time on. These include Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, Snapchat, and
Instagram, where you can distribute content through both – organic and paid channels. Social media has

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also played a vital role in propagating video marketing and the ephemeral content wave. It enables
two-way communication and your fans and followers can interact with you on your content through likes,
comments, direct messages, or by posting on your official pages.

3.Pay-per-click (PPC): ​Pay Per Click is a model of internet marketing in which companies
(advertisers) pay a fee each time one of their online ads, that appear in search results, is clicked. It is one
of fastest ways to drive targeted traffic to your website. The frequency of your PPC ads appearing in
search results depends on which keywords and match types you select. Also, how you bid for keywords
will affect the frequency when compared to your competitors who are most likely bidding on the same
keywords.

4.Content Marketing: ​Content marketing involves the creation and sharing of content in various
media outlets. It is about:-
-publishing valuable, relevant content
-to reach the right audience at the right time (in the buyer’s journey)
-in the right place (online platform).

5.Blog Marketing:​Blogging is an important component of online marketing. Your company’s weblog

(blog) helps drive traffic (with potential leads) to your website. Blogs give you a platform to communicate
with your audience in both formal and informal ways. It helps you add pages, and most importantly,
establishes authority and credibility.

​6.Email Marketing: ​E-mail remains what a vast majority of consumers and businesses use the internet
for. It is among the oldest and remains an extremely effective channel for internet marketing. E-mail is the
only channel that offers genuinely one-on-one communication opportunities. It allows you to create
highly personalized communication that connects with the recipient of the email.

7.Affiliate Marketing: ​Affiliates are other websites that promote your products or services for a fee.
Ever landed on a book or movie review site that said, “buy this on Amazon?” That is an example of
affiliate marketing. There are plenty of platforms that help you build an affiliate network and attract
potential partners to promote your products or services. For it to be effective, you need to develop your
affiliate marketing program.

8.Remarketing:​Remarketing is when visitors see your brand in multiple channels. It helps create recall
and build credibility. When that happens, visitors are more likely to return to your site and turn into
customers. When a visitor comes to your site from any of the marketing channels, you can track the

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visitor through cookies or tracking codes added to the URLs on your site. Once you track a visitor, you
can promote your advertisements and messages on other sites or channels the visitor goes to. For
example, when you visit a product page on Amazon, you often see an advertisement for the product when
you next visit Facebook. This is an example of remarketing.

9.Analytics: ​Web analytics is the collection, measurement, reporting and analysis of data from the
Internet for understanding and optimizing web usage. Web traffic is measured using Analytics, but it is
not limited to just traffic and numbers. Analytics is an important tool for market research, to assess the
effectiveness of your online marketing campaigns (organic and paid), to record website changes that
affect user behavior on your site and to develop Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) and online strategies
to meet your digital marketing objectives.

10.Public Relations: ​J​ust as a brick and mortar business benefits from the local newspaper promoting
their business, internet publications can promote online businesses. Hosting a fundraiser or contest is
good way to catch an internet publication’s attention.

11.Networking: ​Networking is common among business owners who see an opportunity and act upon
it. Business networking is when each business shares their leads or referrals to gain a broader
marketplace. This practice is an excellent way for business owners to meet other business owners and
help each other. Networking can happen within a local community or across the world via the internet.

12.Paid Advertising:​ ​Internet marketing methods are typically inbound marketing such as the types of
internet marketing above. The difference with paid advertising is trying to convert internet users who are
not specifically looking to make a purchase or decision at that moment. Banner ads are a common form of
paid advertising. The banners are flashy in hopes of catching the eye of prospective customers.

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EXAMPLE:

Tata Motors’ Digital Marketing Strategy

Tata Motors’ product overview

Cars:​ ​Tigor, Altroz, Tiago
SUVs:​ ​Nexon, Harrier, and Hexa
Cargo:​ ​Ace, Intra, Prima, Yodha Pickup
Passenger Vehicle:​ ​Magic, Winger, Buses

Tata Motors’ Buyer’s Journey

Tata Motors’ buyer’s journey is online to offline (O2O) journey which starts with buyers considering
automobile products online and ends with buying one from a nearby tata showroom.
Their buyer’s journey can be divided into 3 parts: Cold, warm and hot.

● The cold audience​ consists of people looking for buying a car but are not aware of Tata.

● The warm audience ​is the group of people who are considering Tata cars but are still not sure
about buying one.

● The hot audience​ consists of people who have decided to go for a Tata car but are looking for
the best price.

Using Google display ads and video ads for a cold audience
Tata Motors’ is using display ads on blogs and websites related to automobiles like ​www.autoportal.com
to target cold audiences.

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Similarly, Tata Motors is using video ads on YouTube to increase product awareness among potential
customers and driving them to their website. Check out the video ad of Tata Harrier and Altroz below
which shows a 360-degree look of the car along with all the features.

Using Google search ads for the warm and hot audience

Tata Motors is using Google search ads to target warm and hot audiences. They use these ads for a warm
audience to increase product awareness and book test drives and they use them for a hot audience to
generate leads and get more bookings.

Let’s check out some of their ads.

This ad is created for a warm audience to increase​ product awareness.​ It gives a lot of information such
as car details, price, and links to other pages such as contact page, product page, and blog page.
Notice that they are using this ad on the keyword “Tata cars” which is for the audience who is already
aware of Tata cars.

Here is an ad which gives an option to ​book a test drive​ or to ​call their showrooms.​ It is ideal for a hot
audience, who is aware of the specific Tata product, but are still not ready to buy. It acts like a nudge for
them to take action.

Tata is using this ad on the keyword “Tata Nexon” which is for the audience who is already aware of their
car named Tata Nexon and therefore is hot.
This ad is also for a hot audience and gives the directions and phone numbers of their nearest showrooms
along with more information like variants and price.
Also if the users click on the ad it will take them to their landing page as shown in the image below.
This page gives the customers more info about the car like price and features; and gives them more
options such as “Request a call back”, “Book online”, “Download Brochure”, “See best offers”, and
“Book a Test Drive”.

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Using Facebook ads for the cold, warm and hot audience

Tata Motors’ digital marketing strategy also includes Facebook ads for getting video views, post
engagement and conversions. Let’s look at some of these ads.

Using videos to increase product awareness

Here is a Facebook ad from Tata Motors creating awareness of their new vehicle – Tata Harrier. This ad
is targeted towards a cold audience, who doesn’t know anything about the product.

It has a CTA (Call to action) button which says “Learn More”. This button takes users to their website
(​https://cars.tatamotors.com/suv/harrier)​ which shows the details of the vehicle along with many more
CTAs as shown in the image below.

Facebook optimizes this ad by showing it only to those people who are consuming similar content. These
people are the ones who watch a lot of videos or engage (like, comment, share, and click links) a lot after
watching a video.

Using lead generation ads to get leads

Tata Motors is using lead generation ads for getting on-Facebook leads. These ads come with a Facebook
lead form which is auto-filled with user’s information. For instance, check out one of their ads with a
CTA button “Get Quote”.

When users click on the button, a lead form pops up which looks like this:

Facebook fills this information from the user’s Facebook profile and thus generates leads in a single click
of a button.Facebook optimizes this ad by showing it to only those people who are most likely to fill the
form. These are usually the people who fill a lot of Facebook forms and have shown interest in
automobile-related content.

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Using Website conversion ads to get more leads

Apart from Facebook’s lead form, Tata Motors is using their website to generate leads. Check out their ad
below.

Here they are using “Get Quote” as CTA to drive people to their website or landing page. This landing
page (​https://www.tatamotors.com.np/tata-h5​/​) requests users to fill a form as shown in the image below.
Notice that the landing page used for conversion ads doesn’t show multiple CTAs to avoid distractions.

Facebook optimizes these ads by showing it to people who are most likely to fill the form on the website.
These people are the ones who have filled similar forms and have shown interest in similar content.

Using content marketing on social media for brand

awareness

Apart from running Facebook ads for cold, warm and hot audiences, Tata Motors is also maintaining their
social media profiles which help them in getting more followers on Facebook, Instagram and YouTube.
Consequently, all these activities help them in creating brand awareness.
Check out the massive number of followers they have on different social media platforms below.

Conclusion

So, this is how Tata Motors uses Google Ads and Facebook Ads to attract their target audience in large
numbers. We hope that you get to learn a lot about Tata Motors’ Digital Marketing strategy from this
post​. 

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 Internet Banking

What is Internet Banking?

Internet banking is the system that provides the facility to the customer to conduct the financial and
non-financial transactions from his net banking account. The user can ​transfer funds​ from his account to
other accounts of the same bank/different bank using a website or an online application. The customer
uses a resource and a medium to conduct financial transactions. The resource that a customer uses might
be an electronic device like a computer, a laptop, or a mobile phone. The internet is the medium that
makes the technology possible.

The facility of ​internet banking​ is provided through banks and the customer must be an account holder
with any bank to get the facility available for him/her.

Definition of an internet bank

An internet bank — also known as a virtual bank, an o​ nline bank,​ or a web bank — is a bank that lacks
any physical branch locations and exists only on the internet. By eliminating the overhead costs
associated with bank branches, internet banks consistently offer interest rates, including money market
yields, that are higher than the national average​.

Deeper definition
Internet banks are accessed via web browsers and mobile apps, providing customers with banking
services from any place with access to the internet. Internet banks generally do not offer their own ATM
services, although they often work with other banks and organizations to provide no-fee or low-fee ATM
access for their customers.
The biggest strength of an internet bank is also its greatest weakness: If internet access is spotty or
lacking, customers cannot access their accounts. In addition, there are security issues to keep in mind.
Accessing one’s internet bank account via an unfamiliar or unsecured public Wi-Fi hotspot carries a
certain level of risk, and there is the ever-present threat of hackers taking down an internet bank’s
website. Nearly all traditional banks offer ​online banking​ services that are very similar

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or indistinguishable from internet bank services. This helps regular banks provide banking services
beyond the footprint of their physical branch network

Features of Internet Banking

The customer using this facility can conduct transactional and non-transactional tasks including:

● The customer can view account statements.

● The customer can check the history of the transactions for a given period by the concerned bank.
● Bank, statements, various types of forms, applications can be downloaded.
● The customer can transfer funds, pay any kind of bill, recharge mobiles, DTH connections, etc.
● The customer can buy and sell on e-commerce platforms.
● The customer can invest and conduct trade.
● The customer can book transport, travel packages, and medical packages.
The list of benefits a user can enjoy using internet banking is too lengthy, to sum up.

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Advantages of Internet Banking
● The customers get permanent access to his/her bank anytime and anywhere.
● Transactions are safe and highly secure.
● Immediate funds transfer helps the user in time of urgent need.
● It saves valuable time for the users.

Security of Internet Banking

The financial information of a customer is important. This is the reason a customer trusts financial
institutions​. ​The financial institutions keep it on a high priority that the security of customers’ accounts
shouldn’t face a breach. The financial institutions are using two types of security methods to make
internet banking safe and secure:
● Use of PIN/TANs –​Under this system, a PIN is used to login and TANs are used to conduct
transactions. TANs are one time passwords. TAN is sent to the customer via SMS on a registered
mobile number that corresponds with the login user id. It is valid for a short time frame.
Internet banking is conducted using web browsers with SSL enabled websites, so encryption is not an
important issue. It also uses signature verification as a base. Under this method, the transactions done by
the customer are signed and encrypted digitally. The smart cards or any other memory storable medium
can be used to store keys for signature generation and encryption.

Types of Internet Banking

According to the U.S. Department of the Treasury, there are three types of Internet banking:
informational, communicative and transactional​.

1. Informational internet banking:

The fundamental level of banking does not allow the customers to view or maintain accounts and does not
allow communication between the bank and the customers. Informational internet banking means
providing basic information about their products or services like a brochure. It is meant for marketing
purposes and there is no connection to the bank’s main computer system.
2. Communicative online banking:
Communicative online banking will allow for communication between the customers and the banks. It is
generally limited to the interactions like account inquiries, account updates, loan or mortgage

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applications. Through communicative online banking, the customer may connect with the bank’s main
computer system.
3. Transactional internet banking:
The most popular online banking type, transactional Internet banking offers all of the benefits of a
traditional brick-and-mortar institution. This includes full control over your accounts—deposits,
withdrawals, transfers, updates and online payments. Increased security measures now make Internet
banking safe, secure and convenient, especially in the case of mobile online banking.

What is e-Banking?
The facility of e-banking provided by the banks to their customers uses the internet as a medium. The
services under this facility include funds transfer, payment of bills, opening bank accounts online, and
much more.
There are mainly two methods to deliver e-banking to the customers:
1. Banks with physical presence offering electronic transaction
2. Virtual banks offering transaction services
Most of the banks have a physical presence and offer banking facility online. But, there are some banks
that don’t have any physical presence anywhere. They are virtual banks.

Features of e-Banking

ATMs​ – ATM is a short form of Automated Teller Machines. These machines are actually electronic
terminals which provide the customers to bank anytime. The ATM machines take inputs from the ATM
that the banks provide to its customers. To make use of ATM, the user must have a password. Banks
charge a nominal fee from the customers on every transaction made after crossing the specified limit of
free transactions, if the transaction is done from any other bank’s ATM machine.

Deposit and Withdraws (Direct) –​ ​This service under e-banking offers the customer a facility to approve
paychecks regularly to the account. The customer can give the bank an authority to deduct funds from
his/her account to pay bills, instalments of any kind, insurance payments, and many more.

Pay by Phone Systems –​ ​ This service allows the customer to contact his/her bank to request them for any
bill payment or to transfer funds to some other account.

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Point-of-Sale Transfer Terminals ​–​ This service allows customers to pay for purchase through a
debit/​credit card​ instantly.

Forms of e-Banking
● Internet Banking –​ ​The customer uses electronic devices like computer or mobile to conduct
transactions using the internet.
● ATM machines ​–​ The customers can withdraw cash, deposit cash, transfer funds using ATMs.
● E-cheque –​ ​The customer can transfer money using PayPal or other e-service providers.

EXAMPLE:

INTERNET BANKING

Union Bank of India offers its customers the facility of Internet Banking service.

With Internet Banking service you can carry out banking activities from the comfort of your home /office
with only your mouse. Using your Internet Banking ID and password, you can view your Union Bank
accounts /do transactions online 24x7 without any hassle. You can transfer funds online to accounts
maintained with any bank in India. You can also access all your Union Bank accounts from all around the
world 24x7.

1. Features & Benefits

○ Account/s transaction details

○ Viewing/Printing of account statement

○ Transfer of funds in own/third party accounts with our Bank

○ Transfer of funds to other bank accounts in India through NEFT/RTGS

○ Direct/ Indirect Tax payments

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 ○ Utility bill payments like electricity bills, telephone bills, insurance premium payments,
mutual fund payments, credit card payments etc.

○ Online air ticket and railway ticket booking etc

2. Eligibility
Customers should have at least one operating account with a Union Bank branch.
3. How to apply
You may get our Internet Banking service through following channels:

○ Individual customers possessing an ATM cum debit card may create internet banking
user id and passwords through our Self User Creation module on our website . This is a
very convenient, easy, and quick method

○ The above users may even reset/ generate the passwords on their own, without needing to
involve the bank branch, through our Self Reset Password module with the same ease

○ Individual customers not having an ATM cum debit card may also create internet banking
user id and passwords through our Self User Creation module without an ATM Card on
our website, their User IDs will be given only View rights. Later on if they want they can
apply for Transaction Password through Forgot/Reset Password Page.

○ Corporate customers should apply through the branch using the Internet Banking
application format for viewing and transaction facility.

4. Service Charges
○ Absolutely free of charge for users creating passwords through the Self User Creation &
Reset Password modules

○ Charges applicable as below when password is sent in printed form to the retail/corporate
users
Rs.150/- postal charges (Flat) and Rs.30/- per password
Rs.250/- postal + password printing charges (Flat) per corporate user

5. Contact Numbers
In case the sign on or transaction password is not recoverable, user can follow any of the below
mentioned methods for assistance :

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 ○ You may call our 24x7 Call Centre for resetting and dispatch of fresh password/s.

○ You may even email to us at or for getting the

password/s by courier/speed post.

Social Media:

​Bank has expanded the reach of the followers across all the social media platforms like Facebook,
Twitter, Instagram and YouTube. Total number of followers across all the four platforms has increased to
14,05,487.

Bank’s official Facebook page has been rated as “Most Responsive with 100% response rate” by
Facebook and Twitter handle has been rated as “ Responsive 24/7”, as the queries are attended on a real
time basis.

Bank has achieved 2nd position on Facebook and Twitter in respect to followers among the public sector
banks (including SBI).

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 BIBLIOGRAPHY AND WEB REFERENCES

Btech/materials/second%20sem/4/e-com/UNIT-3.pdf

htps://www.econtomicsdiscussion.net/business/e-commerce/31868

https://www.eyerys.com/articles/types-e-commerce-models

http://cruiserselite.co.in/downloads/btech/materials/second%20sem/4/e-com/UNIT-3.pdf

https://www.marketing-schools.org/types-of-marketing/internet-marketing.htm

https://tnldigital.com/tata-motors-digital-marketing-strategy/

https://marketbusinessnews.com/financial-glossary/internet-marketing/

https://marketing.toolbox.com/articles/what-is-digital-marketing-definition-types-best-pra
ctices-with-examples

https://www.flyingcowdesign.com/internet-marketing-services/types-internet-marketing

https://www.bankrate.com/glossary/i/internet-bank/

https://www.paisabazaar.com/banking/internet-banking-e-banking/

https://www.quora.com/What-are-the-types-of-Internet-banking

https://www.techwalla.com/articles/types-of-internet-banking

https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/union-bank-of-india/directorsreport/companyid-12
261.cmsh ​ ttps://www.unionbankofindia.co.in/english/personal-intbanking-overview.aspx

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