RPH Finals

THE SIGHT OF THE FIRST MASS
September 11, 1911 – a monument was erected in

March 31, 1521 – the first mass celebrated. Balintawak to commemorate the momentous event “The
17TH, 18TH, 19TH century – The butuan claim as to where cry of Pugadlawin”
the first mass was held stood unanimously and unbroken
for this three century. Gregoria de Jesus – (wife of Andres Bonifacio)
March 17, 1521 – the first setting of foot of the according to her version, August 25, 1896, the cry of
Spaniards in the Philippines according to Pigafetta. Pugadlawin occur near Caloocan.
King of Mazaua – helped/accompanied Magellan to
reach the Cebu according to Pigafetta. Santiago Alvarez – (not an eyewitness) August 24,
Gada - Magellan’s men take supplies of water according 1896, the cry of Pugadlawin occur.
to Albo’s logbook.
April 7, 1521 – Magellan’s first land in Cebu according
to Pigafetta’s account.
The evidences of limasawa

1. The evidence of albo’s book
2. The evidence of pigafetta
- pigafetta’s testimony regarding the route
- the evidence of pigafetta’s map
- the two native kings
- the seven days at Mazaua
- an argument from omission
3. Summary of evidence of Albo and Pigafetta
4. Confirmatory evidence from Legazpi expedition
Primo Viaggo Intorno al Mondo – the book written by

Pigafetta about the Spanish expedition in the
Philippines.
De Moluccis Insulis - the first written account about the
Magellan’s expedition in the Philippines.
March 16, 1521 – Spaniard’s discover the Philippines.
THE CRY OF PUGADLAWIN
Pio valenzuela account

August 26, 1896 - the cry of pugadlawin occur.
August 23, 1896 – debate and discussion.
September 3, 1896 – Pio returned to Manila.
Ramon Blanco – proclaimed the amnesty of the
revolutionist.
Francisco Olive – the Spanish Investigator
August 19, 1896 – Andres Bonifacio, Emilio Jacinto,
Procopio Bonifacio, Teodoro Plata, Aguedo del Rosario
arrived to the first place.
House and yard of Juan Ramos – the cry of
pugadlawin held.
Teodoro Plata – (Bonifacio’s brother-in-law) protested
and fought against war.
Guillermo Masangkay account

August 26, 1896 - the cry of pugadlawin occur.
House of Apolonio Samson – the “cry of Pugadlawin”
meeting held.
Delegates from other provinces were also present:
Bulacan, Cabanatuan, Cavite and Morong(now Rizal)
Emilio Jacinto – acted Bonifacio’s secretary when the
“Cry of Pugadlawin” occurs.
Teodoro Plata, Briccio Pantas and Pio Valenzuela –
opposed to starting the revolution to early.
THE RIZAL’S RETRACTION
Monsignor O’ Doherty – Quezon’s close friend; the one
Ricardo Garcia Garcia called
December 26, 1896 – Rizal was accused and tried
before a MILITARY TRIBUNAL. Manuel Quezon – retracted masonry in 1930
REBELLION, SEDITION and ILLEGAL ASSOCIATION
– alleged crimes committed by Rizal. Gen. Carlos P. Romulo – Editor of the Herald
December 28, 1896 – Governor General affirmed the death
sentence on Dec. 30 at 7AM. Teodoro Kalaw – freemason of 33rd degree
Main issues Garcia is trying to prove: Otley Beyer – professor of Anthropology in UP,
- Rizal retracted his MASONIC affiliations recognzied HANDWRITING EXPERT
- Rizal himself WROTE and SIGNED his retraction. - he said that no doubt that the words in the sheet of
- He and Bracken were married. paper was written by Rizal
Fr. Vicente Balaguer Llacer – eyewitness Spanish catalan paper – where Rizal’s retraction was
Fathers of the Society of Jesus – Rizal said that he’d written
rather be visited by them.
Father Saderra and Luis Viza – was sent to the Fort. Letters of Rizal to Blumentritt – used for comparison
Father Sanchez – Rizal’s favourite professor who tried
to persuade him to retract in Dapitan. Jose I. del Rosario – another handwriting expert
Father Pastells – exchanged several long letters with
Rizal Mi Ultimo Adios, letters to Andrade and manuscript
of farewell to Teodora Alonzo – used by del Rosario
Maria – Rizal told her that he wants to marry Bracken for comparison
Father Pio Pi’s formula of retraction letter was the
one that Rizal considered sufficient. DJRIPVSCMD – capital letters which showed Rizal’s
unique writing movement
Protestant – Rizal’s religion Hdrogpj – lowercase letters which also showed
Word of God contained in Sacred Scriptures – his distinction
rule of faith
Rationalist/Freethinker – Rizal considered himself as THERE IS PERFORATION over LETTER C in the word
one. CREO. The paper was attacked by termites or book
worms.
Balaguer said that if Rizal will not yield his mind and his
reason for the sake of his faith he will be DAMNED. Basa and Ponce – Rizal’s last poem was shown to
Catholic- the religion in which Rizal was born and them in Hong Kong.
educated
Masons from LONDON- businessmen and are good
persons Mi Ultimo Pensamiento – first title used by Ponce
Masonry in Philippines didn’t require abjuration of
Catholic faith. Mi Ultimo Adios – new title when it was published in LA
INDEPENDENCIA.
Dec.29, 1896, half past eleven – he finished writing the - epic poem expressive if idealism, morality and
retraction letter spirituality.
SIGNATORIES:
Senor Fresno - Chief of the Picket Josephine Bracken – Rizal’s dulce extranjera, friend,
Senor Moure - Adjutant of the Plaza wife and SOURCE OF DELIGHT.
Tomas Gonzales Feijoo- Nozaleda’s secretary who
kept the letter in Secretary’s office Father Cavanna emphasized the ff:
Retraction document – chieft witness to reality of
1935 retraction
Manuel A. Garcia – archdiocesan archivist
Archdiocesan Archives – richest in Philippines Acts of Faith, Hope and Charity – Rizal recited and
signed this PRAYER BOOK.
Muchachos and clerk of the Archbishop’s House
and Office – found the papers The church, through Jesuit, solemnized Rizal’s marriage
to Bracken.
Masoneria – title of bundled papers found
(A bundle of jewels for Filipino history) Antonio Abad – forger according to Pascual confessed
- contains the retraction and other documents of on Aug. 13, 1901
Freemasons
FACTS THAT DO NOT SUPPORT THE CLAIM OF Machiavellian Policy – arouse the secular clergy by
RETRACTION: removing them from
- It was not made public until 1935
- Rizal wasn’t saved from death penalty; no effort Mexican Officers – loyalty was doubted by the Spanish
was made to save him. peninsulars
- Rizal’s burial was kept secret outside the inner walls - 2nd class citizen compared to the peninzulars
of PACO CEMETERY.
- The record of his burial was not placed on entries Pampanga – Augustinians
on Dec. 30 but on special page. Cavite – Dominicans
- No marriage certificate or public record of Rizal and Visayas – recollects
Bracken’s marriage. Mindanao – Franciscans
- His behaviour didn’t point conversion as well as his
poem, Mi Ultimo Adios. Jose Burgos – was summoned by archbishop of Manila
- Retraction is out of character. and signed pledge of fidelity to Spain but was twisted as
REVOLIOTIONARY MANIFESTO; there were 300 sign
May 18, 1935 – the retraction letter retrieved
Balaguer and Villaclara – brought the retraction letter El Correo de Ultramar – Spanish Newspaper which
to Rizal. was prohibited to enter in Philippines
Archbishop Nozaleda – crafted the longer version of D. Simon de Anda y Salazar – his remains at that time
retraction letter was about to be transferred to church of FRANCISCO.
Don Segismundo Moret Y Prendergast – Ministry of

CAVITE MUTINY OF 1872 Overseas Affairs
1871 – Arrival of Izquierdo
French – Edmund Plauchut
 Parisian periodical Reveu des deux Mondes Rafael Izquierdo – He said “I shall govern holding in
(Review of the two words) one hand a cross and in the other a sword”
 March, April, June 1877
La Discussion and El Eco Filipino – stopped in the
Spanish Translation: La Solidaridad, Madrid, Feb. 15, mail but some prohibited pages made it.
1892
Tagalog: Patricio Mariano – Manila, 1916 After the abolition of the privileges, 40 of MARINE
English – Dalmacio Martin INFANTRY and 22 ARTILLERYMEN attacked and
captured FORT OF SAN FELIPE
 French Revolution obliged Spain to grant
political rights to American and Philippines. General Felipe Ginoves Espinar – proceeded to Cavite
“Hijos del Pais” – right to seat in Spanish Cortes to subdue rebels.
(Spanish of the liberty) Manuel Boscaza – fiscal/government prosecutor
 Spain applied a policy of repression Paraiso and Enriquez – sentenced to ten years hard
1820 – 1823 – Suspicions – Cheered for equity and labor
Justice
Capt. Gen. Martinez – Gov. Gen. (1822-1825) Feb. 15, 1872 – military court rendered its decision for
- Appoints Spanish sergeants to be lieutenant execution of GOMBURZA and Saldua
captains of the army to replace the Filipino.
Gov. Gen. Mariano Fernandez de Folgueras – officer Burgos (35y/o) Zamora (37y/o) – reiterated their
of the king and depended his master. innocence
Burgos – choose to confess to Jesuit priest
Young Capt. Novales – protested the Governor’s order Zamora – choose to confess to a brother in the
- Led a mutiny against Spaniards. CONGREGACION DE SAN VICENTE DE PAUL
- He launched his Mutiny on June 2, 1823; Zamora – lost his mind
- “Emperor of the Philippines” Gomez (73y/o) – said nothing
- shot at the Arzobispo Plaza Saldua – said bye and bye
Mariano Novales – Capt. Novales brother guarding Fort Bulacan, Pampanga, Cavite, Laguna – people from
Santiago here came to visit GOMBURZA
Ruiz - Guarding the gates of the City
Filipino Clergy – one feature left of old administration They were executed through GAROTE
and was proposed to be abolished Order of Execution
Gomez > Zamora > Burgos
Filipino Priest and Augustian Friars – best and
biggest curacies in the Philippines
Spanish Version by Jose Montero Y Vidal
- Appeared in his book in HISTORIA GENERAL DE
FILIPINAS
- Pro Spanish according to T.H. De Tavera
April 4, 1871 – Izquierdo assumed control of the

government of this Island
House of D. Joaquin Pardo de Tavera / House of

Jacinto Zamora – where the meetings are held
Firing of Rockets – pre concerted signal
In Sampaloc fiesta of the Virgin of Loreto – fireworks
were displayed and was mistaken as the signal to revolt
E. Fernando Rojas – dispatched 2 Spaniards

D. Domingo Mijares – left Cavite to Manila to inform the
commandant of Marine
Felipe Genoves – left Manila to fix the chaos
Council of War – took charge of the causes
April 4, 1872 – dissolved the native regiment of artillery

and ordered the creation of an artillery force
FILIPINO VERSION
Dr. Trinidad Hermnegildo de Tavera
- Contemporary of Rizal
- Member of Taft’s Philippine Commission
- Founded the federal party
- Cavite Mutiny is just a PROTEST
Persona sospechosas – a term used for supporters of

ex-Gov. La Torre
Moret – colonial minister, drawn up scheme of reforms
Spanish Government of Madrid – was to blame for the

propagation of pernicious doctrines
Moret, Labra. Becerra – awakened in the breasts of

Filipinos a lively friendship

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THE SIGHT OF THE FIRST MASS

September 11, 1911 – a monument was erected in

The evidences of limasawa

Primo Viaggo Intorno al Mondo – the book written by

THE CRY OF PUGADLAWIN

Pio valenzuela account

Guillermo Masangkay account

Don Segismundo Moret Y Prendergast – Ministry of

April 4, 1871 – Izquierdo assumed control of the

House of D. Joaquin Pardo de Tavera / House of

E. Fernando Rojas – dispatched 2 Spaniards

April 4, 1872 – dissolved the native regiment of artillery

Persona sospechosas – a term used for supporters of

Moret – colonial minister, drawn up scheme of reforms

Spanish Government of Madrid – was to blame for the

Moret, Labra. Becerra – awakened in the breasts of

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