PROFINET

Commissioning & Testing

Peter Thomas – Control Specialists Ltd

Chairman PROFIBUS & PROFINET International Training Centre's
 PROFINET - Overview 2

PROFINET is a member of a family providing industrial

communications over Ethernet.
PROFINET is:
completely standard Ethernet (IEEE802.3).
High speed, operating at 100Mbit/s or faster over copper or fibre-optic
cables,
makes use of existing IT standards. But, is “real-time” and deterministic,
PROFINET is very well thought out to incorporate all the requirements of
automation and control systems.
PROFINET is totally compatible with PROFIBUS but is NOT PROFIBUS
over Ethernet.

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 PROFIBUS v PROFINET 3

Feature PROFIBUS DP PROFINET

Network size 126 devices max. Effectively unlimited

Data Rate Up to 12M bit/s 100 Mbit/s

All devices have same

Update rate and prioritisation Different update rates and priorities
update rate and priority
Controlling Station Class 1 Master IO Controller

IO Equipment Slave IO Device

Diagnostic / Configuration Tool Class 2 Master IO Supervisor

PROFINET RT, ARP, DCP,

Protocols DPV0, DPV1, DPV2 SNMP, LLDP, TCP/IP, HTTP,
MRP
IT services Not possible Integrated in devices

Real-Time Yes Yes

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 PROFIBUS v PROFINET 4

Feature PROFIBUS DP PROFINET

Typically linear bus but tree and ring
Topology Linear, star, tree and ring
possible
Redundancy Possible but manufacturer specific Simple and standardised
Changes possible but needs Possible without disrupting
Engineering access
network restart operation
Standard Diagnostics Yes Yes

Alarms Only on DPV1 Yes, with priority

Addressing By switch or over bus Over network

Network Devices Repeaters, Hubs, OLM’s Switches

Termination Switch-selectable Built into RJ45 connector

Cable 2 core shielded twisted pair 4 core shielded twisted pair

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 PROFINET – In operation 5

PROFINET
Real-Time
HTTP SNMP Socket PROFINET
PC RT IRT
IRT Field devices
Internet Explorer
TCP / UDP
IP

Ethernet

PROFINET
RT Field devices
Sensor system

PC
SNMP/OPC server

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 PROFINET – Topology 6

Star

Line

Tree
Ring

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 PROFINET – IO Devices 7

IO-Controller PROFINET Supervisor

E.g. PLC running application E.g. PC or laptop running
program. engineering tool application.
(Compare with PROFIBUS Class-1 (Compare with PROFIBUS Class-2
master) master)
Ethernet

 Configuration  Diagnosis
 Control/monitoring  Status/Control
 Alarms IO-Device  Parameters

E.g. Field device with

inputs/outputs
(Compare with PROFIBUS Slave
device)

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 PROFINET – Commissioning Guideline 8

• This is one of several free-to-download guidelines

documents available to members.
• It provides guidance on how to verify the installation
aspects of the network as well as how to commission
the live system.
• These tests are additional to the application-specific,
System Acceptance Testing that would usually be
performed.

Failure to follow these guidelines puts you at risk of

having your application tests pass without a detailed
knowledge of the underlying performance of your
network !

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 PROFINET – Installation Acceptance 9

• Visual Checking of the cabling.

• Point-to-Point electrical testing of the cabling using a
simple line tester.
• Point-to-point acceptance testing of the cabling using an
Ethernet Function tester.

Installation Acceptance tests should ideally be performed by

individuals who have Certified PROFINET Installer
accreditation.

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 PROFINET – Installation Acceptance – Visual Checks 10

The guideline lists 23 individual checks that should be

performed on each cable. Examples are
• Cable laid according to plan?
• Maximum length of 100m observed?
• Cable screen earthed at both ends to a previously
proven earthing system.
• Cable separation rules followed?

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 PROFINET – Installation Acceptance – Cable Testing 11

The main criteria for the simple electrical

testing of PROFINET cables are:

• There are no short-circuits between any

wires.
• There are no short-circuits between any
wire and the screen
• There are no wire breaks.
• The shield is connected at both ends.
• The wire pairing has been observed
correctly.

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 PROFINET – Installation Acceptance – Cable Certification 12

• Simple line testers are designed to test the

electrical aspects of the cable.
• The more advanced function and acceptance
testers establish the ability of that cable to
successfully transmit predefined data
packages as well as determine cable length,
attenuation and cross-talk.

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 PROFINET – Operational Qualification 13

• Checking that the addressing and naming of all IO devices

are in conformance with the design specification.
• Determining other device-related information such as MAC
addresses, Firmware versions etc.
• Establishing that the topology is in conformance with the
design specification.
• Establishing the absence of discarded and error telegrams.
• Establishing operational characteristics and absence of
telegram errors.

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 PROFINET – IO Device Identification 14

• Every PROFINET device has a world-wide unique MAC

address assigned by the manufacturer.
• The MAC address is unique to that particular device and
will change if the device is replaced with a spare.
• Before a device can take part in communications with an
IO Controller, it must have been configured with a
PROFINET Device Name.
• When the IO Controller initialises communication with the
IO Device, it will allocate an IP address to it.
MAC Address: 00: 0E:CF:04:68:7A • Note - All real-time communications takes place using MAC
Device Name: MySensorName123 addresses.
IP Address: 192.168.1.23
HW Version: 1.0
FW Version: 1.24

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 PROFINET – Topology – Line Depth 15

• Line depth is the number of forwarding switches between an IO Controller and an IO

Device.
• The line depth will affect the cycle time that the device can be polled at.

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 Operational Quality Criteria 16

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 PROFINET – EMC Criteria 17

• EMC (Electromagnetic Compatibility) and

Protective Earth (PE) issues are acknowledged
as being the cause of a significant number of
problems on Fieldbuses and Industrial
networks like PROFIBUS and PROFINET.
• This is because of the ever-increasing
frequencies that such systems operate at.
• Simply ensuring that the cable screen is
connected to earth at both ends serves no
purpose if the earth loop impedance at
“typical” frequencies is too high.

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 PROFINET – Monitoring Tools 18

Volt-Free Contact to PLC

24v

This permanent monitoring solution

can be used during qualification and
on-going support.
Internet Browser It has no effect on the PROFINET
network which will continue to
operate even if power to the monitor
is removed.
TO PROFINET NETWORK

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 PROFINET – Acceptance Specification 19

• A document like this acts as a formal record of the

installation and operational qualification tests.
• It should clearly define roles and responsibilities.
• Define the type of tools required to perform the tests and
typical specifications.
• Each test should cross-reference back to the appropriate
section in the relevant design specification.
• Have clear descriptions of the tests and unambiguous
acceptance criteria.
• There should be space available for the tester to
sign/date each test and make notes.

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 PROFINET – Questions?

Peter Thomas Peter Thomas

(Control Specialists Ltd)
Control Specialists Ltd
Chairman of the
PROFINET & PROFIBUS
International Training Centres
(PITC‘s)

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 Thankyou

Peter Thomas
Chairman of PI Training Centres
www.linkedin.com/in/petermthomas

Control Specialists Ltd

www.controlspecialists.co.uk

https://controlspecialists.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/16012_Indu_Sol_EMC_brochure_2017.pdf

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