Step To Sample Book

STEP TO
Sample Book
NOT FOR RESALE John Ross

STEP TO SAMPLE BOOK
Foreword
Dear Reader,
Welcome to the Step To Sample book. This book consists of sample chapters of all ten levels
of the Step To book series. These books are officially endorsed preparation material for
Anglia Examinations™.
This sample book has been created to provide an opportunity for school owners, teachers,
parents and candidates to learn more about the Step To book range.
In this book, you will find the table of contents together with one complete chapter from
each level. The chapters of each level have been carefully chosen to provide you with a good
understanding of how the books are arranged.
Each chapter in the Step To books contains elements from the four skills: reading, writing,
listening and speaking, just like in the official Anglia exams. Each official Step To book also
includes an Anglia Examinations sample exam. All Step To book resources, such as listening
files, answer books (teacher guides) and additional information can be found on the official
Anglia Examinations website (www.anglia.org).
The Step To book range is used all over the world in private and public schools as well as by
many language institutions and individual learners. At Anglia Examinations, we believe in
the Step-by-Step way of learning and testing English, with achievable targets at each level.
This philosophy is reflected in the structure of the Step To book series. Customers often tell
us about the clear and user-friendly design of the books, which truly enhances the student
experience and helps candidates to achieve their desired Anglia Examinations level.
We hope that you enjoy this sample book.
Kind regards,
CEO Anglia Examinations

STEP TO Sample Book
On the following pages, you will find, for each of the ten Step To books, one unit preceded
by the cover of each Step To book and contents pages. Please note, the page numbers
referenced in these individual contents pages are not relevant to this Sample Book.
Contents
1 Foreword
3 Step To First Step
13 Step To Junior
25 Step To Primary
37 Step To Preliminary
49 Step To Elementary
59 Step To Pre-intermediate
71 Step To Intermediate
83 Step To Advanced
95 Step To Proficiency
107 Step To Masters
STEP TO First Step
Student Book
For the revised &

updated papers
Official
preparation
3
material for
Anglia ESOL
International
Examinations John Ross
CONTENTS
2 Introduction
Contents (2–3), Introduction to the First Step Examination (4)
6 Unit 1: Family
What’s your name? (6), How old are you? (7), Family vocabulary (8), Hello (9),
Alphabet (10), Actions (11)
12 Unit 2: School
School vocabulary (12), Section A (13), Spelling (14), Spelling game (15),
Actions (16), Spelling (17)
18 Unit 3: Numbers and Colours

Numbers and colours vocabulary (18–19), Section L2 practice: How many
balls? (20) Puzzle: Find the numbers / is, am, are (21), Puzzle: Find the colours
(22), Section E (23)
24 Unit 4: Transport
Transport vocabulary (24), Section A / singular vs. plural (25), Colours (26),
Section L2 (27), Section G practice (28), Section E (29)
30 Unit 5: My House
Vocabulary / Section D (30), Section B (31), Section G (32), I like flowers / Yes/
No questions (33), Puzzles (34), Section L1 (35)
4
36 Unit 6: Animals
Animal vocabulary / Section A (36), Section B (37), Section G practice: I like
cats and dogs (38), Section L2 (39), Colour Puzzle (40), I like bags (41)
42 Unit 7: Days of the Week

Vocabulary / Spelling / Puzzle (42), Spelling (43), Section D / Section G (44),
Section L1 (45), Spelling (46), Match the sentences with the pictures (47)
48 Unit 8: Food
Food vocabulary / Section B (48), Section D / Section A (49), Section G (50),
Crossword (51), Section L2 (52), Spelling (53)
54 Unit 9: My Happy face

Face vocabulary / Section F (54), Section B / Section D (55), Section A /
Crossword (56), Section L1 (57), Crossword / Section F (58), Days of the week
/ Colouring Puzzle (59)
60 Unit 10: Review

Vocabulary review: A–Z (60–63)
65 Anglia Sample Paper

Listening Paper (66), Reading & Writing Paper (70), Speaking Test (75)
5
01
Unit 1
Family
What is your name?
My name is Joe.
My name is Sue.
My name is
Happy.
My name is Tom.
What’s your name?
My name is Lisa.
Family
6
Unit 1
How old are you?

5 = five, 6 = six, 7 = seven, 8 = eight
I’m six.
I’m seven.
How old are you?
I’m five.
Happy Birthday!
Happy birthday! How old are you?
I’m five.
I’m seven.
Family
7
Unit 1
Family
Say the words.
man woman
boy girl baby
father mother
sister brother
Family
8
Unit 1
Word Worm
Find the words.
brother father mother sister man woman boy girl
r e gemanuimot
at he h er
t f ac r
fgh o gir te
wo m a n aieb oy w lf g b r
oth erp qsis
Hello
Good morning. Hello. Hi.
Good afternoon.
Good-bye.
Thank you.
Family
9
Unit 1
Say the alphabet.
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
Z A
B
Y
F G
X C
D E
H
W I
R V
U
S T
N J
O M
Q P L K
m n o p
k l
q
j
i r
h s
g t
f u
e v
d w
c x
b y
a z
Family
10
Unit 1
Actions
Say the words.
draw circle colour
write read look
Family
11
STEP TO Junior
Student Book
For the revised &

updated papers
Official
preparation
13
material for
Anglia ESOL
International
CONTENTS
2 Introduction
Contents (2–3), Introduction to the Junior Examination (4), Classroom
Language / Exam Words (5), British English & American English (6–7)
8 Unit 1: Family
Vocabulary: Family (8–9), Numbers (10–11), Grammar – the Present
Continuous (12), Reading / Speaking (13), Section H / Listening (14), Section D
/ Contractions (15)
16 Unit 2: Days and Months

Vocabulary: Months (16–17), Spelling (18), Matching Months(19), Days of
the Week (20), Spelling / Section G (21), Days Crossword / Prepositions (22),
Section E (23)
24 Unit 3: Clothes
Vocabulary: Clothes (24), Reading (25), Vocabulary: Colours (26), Colours and
Clothes / Possessives (27–28), Listening Part 1 (29), Listening Part 2 / Section
F (30), Section E (31)
32 Unit 4: School
Vocabulary: School (32), Colours and Numbers (33), Writing – We Love
Books! (34), Writing – My School / Section D (35), Reading – Schools around
the World (36), Vocabulary / Reading (37), Section G / Grammar – A/An (38),
Section H / Spelling (39)
40 Unit 5: Our House

Vocabulary (40–42), Grammar / Prepositions (43), Crossword: Things in your
House (44), Section E (45), Listening – Talking about Yourself (46), Listening
Part 1 (47)
14
48 Unit 6: Health
Vocabulary: Parts of the Body (48), Colours (49), Adjectives (50), Sports (51–
52), Prepositions (53), Listening Part 2 / Vocabulary (54), Yes or No (55)
56 Unit 7: Food
Vocabulary: Food (56), Fruit and Vegetables / Things in the Kitchen (57),
Vocabulary: Drinks / Spelling Practice (58), Food Crossword (59), Verbs (60),
Section D / Questions and Answers (61), Grammar – am, is, are / Personal
Pronouns (62), Speaking / Section G (63)
64 Unit 8: Animals
Vocabulary: Animals (64), Reading & Listening – I Love Elephants! (65),
Numbers (66–67), Guess the Animal / Animals in the Sea (68), Pets (69),
Reading (70), Prepositions (71)
Vocabulary: Transport (72), I Love Helicopters! (73), Bicycles are the Best!
(74), Section F / Spelling Practice (75), Section E (76), Section D / Listening
Part 2 (77), Listening Part 1 (78), Question Words / Spelling Practice (79)
80 Unit 10: Review

Vocabulary: A–Z (80–85)

15
07
Unit 7
Food
Vocabulary Food
Listen to your teacher and write the words in the box under the correct
picture.
biscuits cake fish hamburger hot dog ice cream omelette pizza salad steak
Food
16
Unit 7
Vocabulary Fruit and Vegetables
picture.
apple banana lemon orange peach pear  carrot potato tomato
Vocabulary: Things in the Kitchen
picture.
bowl cup fork glass knife plate Food
17
Unit 7
Vocabulary Drinks
1 Write the correct word under the picture.
milk juice tea coffee water lemonade
2 Now complete the sentences with the words.
1. We have a lot of lemon trees in our garden. Sometimes Mum makes .

2. I like to drink cold in summer. My favourite is apple .
3. My dog has a bowl.
4. My mother and father drink in the morning. They don’t like tea.
5. I drink for breakfast.
6. My aunt drinks a lot of . Her favourite is green .
Spelling Spelling Practice
Unscramble the food words.
1. aizpz 4. eahcp 7. mtoato

2. ckae 5. eakst 8. rrcaot
3. gahebmrur 6. bnnaaa 9. fshi
Food
18
Unit 7
Spelling Crossword: Food
1 2 3
4 5 6
10
Across Down
2. 1.
4. 3.
5. 6.
8. 7.
10. 9.

Food
19
Unit 7
Vocabulary Verbs
1 Write the words.
cook drink eat go have listen play read sit wear write
eat an apple / salad / breakfast

1. to music / to the teacher
2. your name / words / on the blackboard
3. a sister / a bicycle / a pet
4. water / juice
5. football / with friends / tennis
6. a book / a story / words
7. down / on a chair
8. clothes / a shirt / trousers
9. fish / lunch /dinner
10. to school / to the park
2 Match the sentences and pictures. Write the words.

1. They are volleyball.
2. They are a book.
3. She is to music in the garden.
4. She is lunch.
5. He’s on her T-shirt.
A B C
D E
Food
20
Unit 7
Test Practice Section D
Write the word.
Example: She is walking to the bookshop.

A. is B. are C. does D. am
1. The boys are in the garden. are playing volleyball.

A. It B. They C. He D. She
2. The dogs running in the park.

A. has B. are C. is D. am
3. Steve writing a story.

A. am B. are C. is D. have
4. I riding my bicycle.
A. is B. are C. am D. have
5. Today is birthday. She’s ten years old.

A. they B. she C. he D. her
Questions & Match the questions and answers.

Answers
1. How old is she? a. He is my teacher.
2. What colour is the car? b. No, I don’t.
3. Where is Susan? c. She is nine years old.
4. Do you have a sister? d. She’s in her bedroom.
5. Who is that man? e. It is orange.
Food
21
Unit 7
Section D Grammar Practice
Write am, is, or are.

1. I reading a book.
2. We not sleeping.
3. The girl eating a hamburger.
4. The boys playing football.
5. My teacher writing on the blackboard.
6. You drinking lemonade.
7. I watching television.
8. They singing a song.
9. We sitting on the grass.
10. My father cooking dinner.
Personal 1 Read the sentences.

Pronouns
My brother likes sport. He plays football.

My name is Jane. I am ten years old.
That woman is Mrs Grey. She is my teacher.
Tom and Mia are students. They like school.
My brother and I are playing. We are happy!
Look at the dog. It is sleeping.
I love you. You are my best friend.
2 Match the sentences.
1. My name is Tony. a. She is nice.

2. I have two brothers. b. I am ten years old.
3. I have a sister. c. He is old.
4. My sister and I like pizza. d. They are tall.
5. The house is big. e. We eat pizza every Sunday.
6. My father is a teacher. f. It is a new house.
Food
22
Unit 7
Speaking Talking about Yourself
Match the questions and answers.
1. What colour are your eyes? A. Joe. He’s in my class.

2. Do you have a pet? B. Oakwood Primary School.
3. Who is your best friend? C. They are brown.
4. What school do you go to? D. No, I don’t.
5. Where is your phone? E. It’s red.
6. What colour is your T-shirt? F. It’s in my bag.
Section G
Write the answers
JOIN OUR COOKING CLUB
Please write clearly.
1. NAME:
2. AGE:
3. WHEN IS YOUR BIRTHDAY?
4. WHAT’S YOUR FAVOURITE FOOD?
5. WHAT’S YOUR FAVOURITE DRINK? Food
23
STEP TO Primary
Student Book
For the revised &

updated papers
Official
preparation
25
material for
Anglia ESOL
International
CONTENTS
2 Introduction
Contents (2–3), Introduction to the Preliminary Examination (4), Classroom
Language (5), British English & American English (6–7),
8 Unit 1: Family
Vocabulary: Family (8), Grammar – has/have(got) (9) Three Families (10),
Speaking Task 1 (11), Section H (12), Listening and Vocabulary: Toys (13),
Grammar – present simple and present continuous (14), Section A (15)
16 Unit 2: Time
Vocabulary: Months (16), Dates (17), Telling the Time (18), Peter’s School
Day / L1 (19), Around the World / Karen’s Busy Week (20), Prepositions and
Colours (21), Section B / Telling the time (22), Review Crossword (23)
24 Unit 3: Outdoors
Vocabulary: In the Garden (24), Prepositions and Personal pronouns (25),
Vocabulary: Clothes (26), Section B / Odd Word Out (27), Possessives (28),
Vocabulary: Pets (29), Section E (30), Shapes and Colours (31)
32 Unit 4: School
Vocabulary: In the Classroom (32), Schools around the World (33),
Vocabulary: Sports (34), What’s your Favourite Sport? (35), L3 / Which sport?
(36), Section G – Writing Emails (37), Speaking Task 1 (38), Review Crossword
(39)
40 Unit 5: Our House

Vocabulary: In the House (40), Vocabulary / Section E (41–42 ), Grammar
Practice (43), Section A (44), Speaking Task 1 (45), Section E, Dates (46), L1
(47)
26
48 Unit 6: Jobs
Vocabulary: Jobs (48), L2 /L3 (49), Section F (50), Jobs and Workplaces (51–
52), Prepositions (53), Plurals / Sec C (54), Review Crossword (55)
56 Unit 7: Food
Vocabulary: Food (56), Section H & L2 (57), Section B (58), Speaking Task 3
(59), Drinks (60), Section F (61), Section H (62), Section E (63)
64 Unit 8: In the City

Vocabulary: Places in the City (64), Section A (65), Grammar / Times (66),
Section G (67), Section C (68), Speaking Task 2 (69), Speaking Task 3 (70)
Review Crossword (71)
72 Unit 9: In the Countryside

Vocabulary: In the countryside (72), Section H & L2 (73), Vocabulary: Parts of
the Body (74), Vocabulary: Animals (75), Vocabulary: Animals in the Sea (76),
Sections G (77), Section B & H (78), Talking about Yourself / L1 (79)

Vocabulary: Transport (80), Section A (81), Question Words / Prepositions
(82), Section H (83), Telling the Time / L2 (84), Section E / plurals (85), Section
C Test Practice (86), Section H Review Crossword (87)

27
02
Unit 2
Time
Vocabulary Vocabulary: Months of the Year
January February March
April May June
July August September
October November December
1 Look at the pictures of the months. Write the month after the correct
sentence.
1. We have exams at school.
2. The trees are red and yellow.
3. Merry Christmas!
4. The weather is hot. We go to the beach.
5. Happy New Year!
6. It’s very cold. Sometimes you can see snow.
7. Look at the pretty flowers.
8. It’s windy. I can fly a kite.
Time
9. We start school.
28
Unit 2
Dates Months
1 In British English, we write the day then the month. For example, Christmas Day is
25/12. We say ‘the 25th of December’.
2 Listen and match these dates. Then try saying them.

3/10 the second of July 11/2 the twenty-fourth of May
1/8 the first of August 19/9 the eleventh of February
2/7 the third of October 24/5 the nineteenth of September
11/4 the eleventh of April 26/6 the thirtieth of March
5/11 the sixth of January 14/12 the twenty-sixth of June
6/1 the fifth of November 30/3 the fourteenth of December
Famous People’s Birthdays

3 Listen and circle the correct date.
1. Justin Timberlake 10 January 31 January

2. Michael Jordan 17 February 18 February
3. Vincent Van Gogh 13 March 30 March
4. William Shakespeare 23 April 28 April
5. Mark Zuckerberg 15 May 17 May
6. Lionel Messi 14 June 24 June
Telling the Times

Time 1 Read the times.
7.20 = seven twenty 4.10 = four ten 11.06 = eleven ‘oh’ six
We can also use ‘to’ and ‘past’.
4.50 = ten to five 3.20 = twenty past three
‘A quarter’ is 15 minutes, and ‘a half’ is 30 minutes.
5.45 = a quarter to six 6.15 = a quarter past six 6.30 = half past six
(Note: in American English ‘before’ and ‘after’ are common.)
2 Listen to your teacher and circle the correct times.
1. 6.00 7.00 4. 7.30 7.45 7. 12.30 12.45
2. 10.50 11.00 5. 2.10 2.15 8. 7.15 7.30
3. 8.03 8.30 6. 9.11 11.00 9. 10.20 10.40

Time
29
Unit 2
Telling the What time do you…?

Time
3 Ask and answer this question.

What time do you ?
I at .
Reading Peter’s School Day

1 Read about Peter’s day at school and answer the questions.
Peter gets up at seven o’clock. He has breakfast at a quarter past seven. He
usually has bread and milk. At a quarter to eight Peter takes a bus to school. His
school starts at nine o’clock. The students have lunch at ten past twelve. Peter
goes home at three o’clock. He watches television. He eats dinner with his family
at half past six. He goes to bed at a quarter to ten.
2 Match the questions and answers.
1. What time does he get up? a. 9.00 a.m.

2. What time does he take the bus? b. 12.10 p.m.
3. What time does his school start? c. 7.00 a.m.
4. What time does he have lunch? d. 7.45 a.m.
5. When does he eat dinner? e. 9.45 p.m.
6. When does Peter go to bed? f. 6.30 p.m.
Time
30
Unit 2
Test Practice Listening L1

Listen to these six sentences and put a tick () in the box under the
picture you think shows the correct answer. There is one example.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
Time
31
Unit 2
Reading Around the World

1 Read 1–3 and answer questions 1–7.
1. Simon lives in England. It is seven o’clock in the morning. He’s at home. He’s in
his bedroom. He is sleeping.
2. Martina lives in Italy. It is eight o’clock in the morning. She is at home. She’s in
the kitchen. She’s eating breakfast.
3. Miyu lives in Japan. It is four o’clock in the afternoon. She is at school. She is
studying.
Circle the correct answer.

1. What time is it in England? A. 7.00 a.m. B. 7.00 p.m. C. 8.00 a.m.
2. What is Simon doing? A. studying B. sleeping C. eating
3. Where does Martina live? A. Italy B. Japan C. England
4. Where is Martina now? A. bedroom B. kitchen C. bathroom
5. What is Martina doing? A. studying B. eating C. sleeping
6. What’s the time in Japan? A. 10.00 a.m. B. 2.00 p.m. C. 4.00 p.m.
7. Where is Miyu now? A. school B. home C. bus
Karen’s Busy Week

2 Look at the pictures and complete the sentences.
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday
Friday Saturday Sunday
What does Karen do on …?

1. On she watches television. 5. On Friday Karen
2. On she listens to music. computer games.
3. On Wednesday she plays . 6. On she plays football.
4. On she goes running. 7. On Sunday she washes her .
Time
32
Unit 2
Prepositions 1 Look at the pictures and complete the sentences with words from the
box.
in under x 2 behind on x 2 in front of
1. The apple is the chair. The book is the table.

2. The book is the table. The apple is the table.
3. The apple is the box.
Colours 2 Write the colours from the box on the picture.
black brown blue red pink white green yellow orange purple
Time
33
Unit 2
Test Practice Section B

Choose the correct words and write them on the lines.
it is He has are am They She have
Sundays
My name is Justin. I (1) got one brother and two sisters. It’s half
past ten in the morning but my sister, Cindy, is sleeping. (2) likes
sleeping on Sunday mornings. My brother, Mark, (3) in his bedroom.
(4) is reading a book. My sister, May, is not at home at the moment.
She is at a football match with her friends. My parents (5) in the
kitchen. (6) are making lunch. My grandfather is washing his car. It
is an old car but (7) is very nice. He (8) got three old cars.
What am I doing? I (9) doing my homework.
Telling the Write the times in numbers. e.g. It is a quarter past nine. → 9.15
Time
1. It is four o’clock.
2. It is twenty past three.
3. It’s half past eleven.
4. It’s a quarter to seven.
5. It is ten past nine.
6. it’s twelve o’clock.
7. It’s twenty to ten.
8. It is a quarter past eight.
Now write the times in words. e.g. 9.15 → It is a quarter past nine.
1. 4.00
2. 10.45
3. 7.12
4. 9.30
5. 8.15
6. 7.40
Time
34
Unit 2
Review
Units 1&2 1
3 4
6 7
8 9
10
Across
3. Your father’s father is your .
6. The boy is flying a .
7. 7.00 = … o’clock
8. Mum =
10. Saturday + Sunday = the
Down
1. 6.30 = half six
2. Christmas is on the twenty-fifth of .
4. Dad =
5. Your mother’s brother is your .
9. My brother sleeps with a bear.
Time
35
CEFR A1
STEP TO Preliminary
Student Book
Revised & Updated
Official
preparation
37
material for
Anglia ESOL
International
CONTENTS
2 Introduction
Contents (2–3), Introduction to the Preliminary Examination (4), Classroom
Language (5), British English & American English (6–7),
8 Unit 1: Family
Vocabulary: Family (8), Who’s she? / How old are you? (9), Paula’s Family
(10), My Friend, Janice (11), Speaking Task 1: Personal Questions (12),
Section R1 Test Practice (13), Vocabulary: Toys (14), The World’s Best
Footballers: Comparatives and Superlatives (15)
16 Unit 2: Words and Music

Vocabulary: Things we read (16), Section W5 Test Practice (17), Vocabulary:
Musical Instruments (18), Alan’s Talented Family (19), Justin Bieber (20),
Dates (21), Times and Prices (22), Listening Section L1 Test Practice (23)
24 Unit 3: Clothes and the Weather

Vocabulary: Clothes (24), Jenny’s Shopping Trip & School Clothes (25),
Frankenstein (26), Listening Section L2 (27), Opposites (28), Speaking Task 2
(29), Possessives (30–31), Section W6 Test Practice (31)
32 Unit 4: Sports
Vocabulary: Sports (32), What’s your favourite sport? (33), What did you do?
(34), Irregular Verbs / Section R5 Test Practice (35), Past Tense / Preposition
Practice (36), Listening Section L3 Test Practice / Opposites (37), Section R3
Test Practice (38), Speaking Task 1: Talking about Free Time (39)
40 Unit 5: At Home
Vocabulary: Living Room / Bedroom (40), Vocabulary: Kitchen (41), More
Vocabulary (42), Pablo’s Holiday (43), Speaking Task 1: Talking about your
house (44), Speaking Task 3 (45), Listening Section L1 Test Practice / Shapes
(46), Section R3 Test Practice (47), Writing Section W4 (47)
38
48 Unit 6: Jobs
Vocabulary: Jobs (48), Listening Section L3 (49), More Jobs and Workplaces
(50), What do they do? / Prepositions (51), What do your parents do? / Section
W3 Practice (52), Section R4 Opposites (53), Section W5 Test Practice (54),
Sections R5 & W2 Test Practice (55)
56 Unit 7: Food
Vocabulary: Food (56), Make Yourself at Home (57), Emma’s Sweet Tooth
(58), I Love Banana Splits (59), Getting Ready for a Birthday Party (60),
Speaking Task 2 (61), Speaking Task (62), Listening Section L3 Test Practice /
Section W2 Test Practice (63)
64 Unit 8: Places
Vocabulary: Places (64), At a Bus Station (65), Asking about a Trip / Two Trips
(66), Section R4 Opposites (67), Vocabulary: Geography / Comparatives and
Superlatives (68), Have you ever…? (69), Section R3 Test Practice (71)
72 Unit 9: Animals
Vocabulary: Animals (72), Plurals (73–74), Section W1 Test Practice (74),
Talking about a picture (75), Vocabulary: Pets (76) Sections R5 & W3 Test
Practice (77), Listening Section L1 & L3 (78), Longleat Safari Park (79)
80 Unit 10: Health

Vocabulary: Parts of the Body (80), Feelings / I’ve got an earache (81), Louis
Braille (82), Section W1 Test Practice (83), Section R3 Test Practice (84),
Section R4 Test Practice / I’ve got a cold (85), Section W5 (86), The Hiccups
(87), Speaking Telling a story (88), Test Practice Section R2 & W6 (89)

39
06
Unit 6
Jobs
Vocabulary
Vocabulary: Jobs
1 Write the highlighted words in sentences 1–8 under the correct picture.
1. Leo likes painting pictures. He wants to be an artist.
2. Helen really like animals. She wants to be a vet.
3. My uncle is a farmer. He has lots of pigs and cows.
4. Ivan wants to make a lot of money. He wants to be a businessman.
5. Tony loves shoes. He wants to be a shop assistant in a shoe shop.
6. Peter is very funny. He wants to be a clown.
7. Nicola likes helping people. She wants to be a doctor.
8. Alan loves cooking. He wants to be a chef.
Jobs
40
Unit 6
Listening Section L3
1 Listen to the passage and decide if the sentences are true or false. Put a
tick () in the correct column. For question 5, write your answer on the
line.
True False
1. Jason’s grandfather has a large farm.
2. His grandfather grows vegetables and flowers.
3. Jason helps his grandmother make jam.
4. He likes playing with the dogs.
5. What does Jason want to be?
The ‘False’ answers sometimes have one word different from the listening.
2 Practise changing the sentences. Change one word at a time. Here’s an
example.
Jason’s uncle has a large farm.

Jason’s grandfather has a large farm. Jason’s grandfather has a small farm.
Jason’s grandfather has a large garden.
3 Now make sentences 2–5 negative.

Jason’s grandfather doesn’t have a large farm.
4 Correct the mistakes.

1. My sister like English. 6. Phil likes really pancakes.
2. My brother can plays golf. 7. She doesn’t likes ice cream.
3. She can’t play violin. 8. His favourite sport baseball.
4. Can you play the tennis? 9. He can dance very good.
5. Would you want some chips? 10. His father is doctor.

Jobs
41
Unit 6
Vocabulary More Jobs and Workplaces

1 Write the words under the correct pictures.
bookshop cinema policeman hospital
dentist restaurant secretary teacher
Rex Pe / Wiki Commons / CC-BY-2.0

User: Southbanksteve / Wiki Commons /
CC-BY-2.0
User: AlterWolf49 / Wiki Commons / CC-BY-SA-3.0
2 Complete the sentence with words from the box.

1. Lars is a doctor. He works in a .
2. I like watching films. I want to work in a .
3. Mindy cooks food. She works in a .
4. Stanley wants to catch bad people. He would like to be a .
5. Terry loves reading. He works in a .
6. Mina works in an office. She writes letters. She’s a .
7. Rose doesn’t like children. She doesn’t want to be a .
8. Richard takes care of people’s teeth. He is a .

Jobs
42
Unit 6
What do they do?

1 Listen to Martin talking about his family and connect the words in the
columns.
Then use the words to say the sentences.
1. mother soldier at home drives a lorry

2. father businesswoman in the army sells jewellery
3. sister postman restaurant six days a week
4. uncle cleaner city centre evening
5. grandfather waitress hotel rides a bicycle
2 Answer the questions. Write full sentences.
1. What does Martin’s mother do?
2. Where does she work?
3. Is Martin’s sister a waitress?
4. How many days does she work?
5. When does his uncle work?
6. Does Martin’s grandfather ride a motorbike?
3 Prepositions
Use words in the box to complete the sentences.
about for at x2 in x2 on x2 after to with
1. I cried the end of the film.
2. Monday we went to the shops town.
3. She played her cousin the garden.
4. lunch, I usually feel sleepy.
5. What did you have lunch? I had sandwiches.
6. The keys are the table, next the bag.
7. Look that dog! It’s as big as a pony.
8. I watched a programme tigers.

Jobs
43
Unit 6
What do your parents do?

Practise the two conversations.
1 A: What does your mother do?
B: She’s a (1) teacher.
A: Where does she work? 1. vet nurse
B: She works in a (2) high school. 2. zoo hospital
2 A: What’s your father’s job?

B: He’s a (1) manager.
A: Does he work in a (2) hotel? 1. policeman factory worker
B: No, he doesn’t. He works in a 2. police station car factory
(3) supermarket. 3. train station toy factory
Vladimir Kirakosyan / Wiki Commons / CC-BY-SA-3.0

Section W3 Practice
In Section W3 there are five questions. You write five sentences about yourself.
3 Write full answers for these questions.
1. Which school do you go to?
2. How many bedrooms are there in your house?
3. What colour is your hair?
4. What colour are your eyes?
5. What time did you wake up this morning?
6. What did you eat for dinner last night?
7. What do you do on Saturdays?
8. What do you do on Sundays?
9. Who does the cooking in your house?
10. Who does the washing-up in your house?

Jobs
44
Unit 6
4 Do the XXX
In everyday English we use ‘do the XXX’ to talk about things like housework.
I do the shopping. (= go to the supermarket, not shopping for fun)
My father does the washing-up. (= wash the dishes)
My grandmother usually does the cooking.
My grandfather does the gardening.
Section R4 Opposites
1 Match the opposites.
1. Ice is hard. a. I play computer games at the weekend.
2. A bicycle is slow. b. Snow is soft.
3. My father is 100kg. He’s heavy. c. An aeroplane is fast.
4. Well done. Your answers are right. d. Go to your room and study!
5. Walking down hills is easy. e. I hate bananas.
6. They work from Monday to Friday. f. A bird is light.
7. Please come here. g. Oh no. All my answers are wrong.
8. I love chocolate! h. Walking up a hill isn’t easy.
9. The book has 300 pages. It’s thick. i. They finish work at five o’clock.
10. We begin class at nine o’clock. j. I feel cold. My jacket is thin.

2 Write the opposites on the lines. There is one example.
1. hard soft 2. slow 3. heavy
4. right 5. down 6. work
7. come 8. love 9. thick 10. begin

Jobs
45
Unit 6
Test Practice Section W5

What can you see in the picture? Write 5 sentences.
Use the words below. There is one example.
The baby read

The man chase
The woman eat
The girl climb
The boy play
The dog carry

Example. The baby is playing with a lorry.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1 Listen to your teacher and write the sentences.

1. 2.
3. 4.
5.
Jobs
46
Unit 6
Test Practice Section R5

Put the verb in brackets into the past tense or present tense. There is
an example.
Last weekend, I went (go) to the mountains
with my family. We (1) (stay)
in a nice hotel for two nights. On the first day we
(2) (swim) in a lake. My mum
(3) (paint) a picture of the lake and
mountains. My dad (4) (catch) a large
fish. He was really happy. He cleaned the fish and
(5) (make) a fire. We (6) (have) a
Vlad Butsky / Wiki Commons / CC-BY-2.0

barbeque for dinner. On Sunday, we (7) (ride)
bicycles. In the evening, Dad (8) (drive) us to the top of a mountain.
The night lights of the city (9) (be) usually beautiful, but the
weather that evening was bad. We couldn’t see anything. On the way home, we
(10) (stop) at a shopping centre.
Section W2
Write the questions.
Example: She met Sally and Tony.
Who did she meet?
1. We stayed at a nice hotel.
Where
2. Karen’s grandmother gave her a bicycle.
Who
3. Yes, he does. He goes to school by bus.
Does
4. My favourite sport is football.
What
5. Yes, she can play the violin.
Can
Jobs
47
CEFR A2
STEP TO Elementary
Student Book
Revised & Updated
Official
preparation
49
material for
Anglia ESOL
International
CONTENTS
4 Introduction
Introduction to the Elementary Exam (4), British English vs. American English
(5–7), Classroom Language (8), Grammar Terms (9)
10 Unit 1: School Days

Vocabulary and Discussion (Kinds of Schools) (10), Speaking – Task One (11),
Section R4 (12), Writing Essays (13), Linking Words (14), Descriptive Essay
(15), Listening – Section L1 (16–17)
18 Unit 2: Family Tree

Vocabulary and Discussion (Favourite Childhood Toys) (18),Comparatives
and Superlatives (19–20), Section W2 (21), Descriptive Essay (22), Grammar:
Used To (23), Reading (24–25)
26 Unit 3: Best Friends

Vocabulary and Discussion (Meeting People) (26), Section R1 (27), Grammar:
Question Tags (28),Speaking: How well do you know your classmates? (29),
Section R3 (30), Grammar: Adverbs (31), Descriptive Essay (32), Section W4
(33)
34 Unit 4: Sports
Vocabulary and Discussion (Sports) (34–35), Descriptive Essay (36), Listening
– The Olympics (37), Listening – Section L3 (38), Speaking – Task Two (39),
Reading (40–41)
42 Unit 5: Special Days

Vocabulary and Discussion (Special Days) (42), Listening – Section L2 (43),
Section R3 (44), Grammar: The Past Continuous (45), Narrative Essay (46),
Section W2 (46), Section W3 (47), Listening – Section L1 (48–49)
50
50 Unit 6: How’s the weather?
Vocabulary and Discussion (Weather) (50), Grammar: First Conditional
(51), Listening and Reading (52–53), Vocabulary (A Day at the Beach) (54),
Narrative Essay (55), Section R4 (56), Section W4 (57)
58 Unit 7: A Dog’s Life

Vocabulary and Discussion (Dogs) (58), Reading – Wild Animals (59), Reading
(60–61), Section R3 (62), Grammar: Sense Verbs (63), Section R4 (64), Section
W2 (65)
66 Unit 8: Free Time

Vocabulary and Discussion (Popular Weekend Activities) (66), Listening –
Section L3 (67), Vocabulary (Activities in Park) (68), Narrative Essay (69),
Reading (70–71), Narrative Essay (72), Listening – Section L2 (73)
74 Unit 9: Around the World

Vocabulary and Discussion (Countries where English is spoken) (74–75),
Listening – Section L2 (76), Comparatives and Superlatives (77), Listening –
Section L1 (78), Section R1 (78–79), Grammar: Preposition Practice (79)
80 Unit 10: What do you do?

Vocabulary (Jobs) (80), Section W3 (81), Speaking – Task Three (82), Section
W4 (83), Section R3 (84), Grammar: Relative Clauses with Who and Which
(85)

51
09
Unit 9
Around the World

Speaking 1 Vocabulary - Countries where English is Spoken
Australia Israel Singapore

Canada Kenya South Africa
India New Zealand The United Kingdom
Ireland The Philippines The United States
1 3
4 5
2 Questions for Discussion

Around the World
1. Which countries are shown in the pictures?

2. Where would you like to visit?
3. What languages do you speak?
4. Where in the world is your mother tongue spoken?
52
Unit 9
Vocabulary 1 Countries and Languages
China Chinese Italy Italian

France French Japan Japanese
Germany German Portugal Portuguese
Greece Greek Spain Spanish
India Hindi /English Thailand Thai
2 Write a language or country in each gap to complete the sentences.
1. People in Canada speak English and .
2. Singapore has two main languages, English and .
3. People in Portugal and Brazil speak .
4. ‘Kindergarten’ is a word that means ‘children’s garden’.
5. is the most widely spoken language in Mexico.
6. The words ‘pyjamas’, ‘shampoo’ and ‘jungle’ come from .
7. ‘Karaoke’ comes from the words for ‘empty orchestra’.
8. Many food words such as ‘pizza’ and ‘spaghetti’ are .
9. The word ‘telephone’ comes from the words for ‘far’ and ‘voice’.
10. ‘Mai pen rai’ is a common phrase that means ‘no problem’.
3 Make sentences about languages using these sentence patterns.

1. I’ve never heard Greek.
2. I know a few words of Spanish, French and German.
3. I speak a little Japanese.
4. I think French sounds nice / doesn’t sound very nice.
Around the World
53
Unit 9
Listening Commonly Confused Countries

Section L2
1 Match the pictures with the countries in the box.
Austria Australia India Indonesia Switzerland Sweden
2 Now write the country above each description.
1.
It’s a very large country but not many people live there. The country has unusual animals
such as kangaroos and koalas. There are many deserts in the centre.
2.
This big Asian country has the second largest population in the world. Most people live
in the countryside. Mumbai (which used to be called ‘Bombay’) is the largest city.
3.
The winters in this country are long and very cold. Its neighbours are Norway and Finland.
This country’s most famous companies are Ericsson and Volvo.
4.
It is made up of thousands of islands. The weather is very hot and humid. There are
many volcanoes.
5.
This European country has many mountains. It’s famous for banks, watches, and
chocolate. The people speak German, French, and Italian.
Around the World
6.
People in this country speak German. The capital city is Vienna.
54
Unit 9
Comparatives General Knowledge Quiz

and
Superlatives 1 Complete the questions, and choose an answer for each one.
highest city slower animal country South largest lake closer
1. What’s the largest country in America? a. Chile b. Peru c. Brazil
2. Which is smaller, France or Italy? a. France b. Italy
3. Which country is richer, Thailand or South Korea? a. Thailand b. South Korea
4. What’s the largest in Canada? a. Ottawa b. Toronto c. Calgary
5. What’s the city in the UK? a. Manchester b. Liverpool c. London
6. What’s the world’s mountain? a. Everest b. Cook c. Fuji
7. Which is , light or sound? a. light b. sound
8. Which planet is to the Sun, Earth or Mars? a. Earth b. Mars
9. Which is heavier, gold or silver? a. gold b. silver
10. Which is faster, a cheetah or a snake? a. a cheetah b. a snake
11. Which mammal is larger, an elephant or a hippo? a. an elephant b. a hippo
12. What is the deepest in the world? a. Geneva b. Baikal c. Michigan
Around the World
55
Unit 9
Listening Listening Practice

Section L1
1 Listen and write the prices, times, and dates.
1. ........................ 4. ........................ 7. ........................
2. ........................ 5. ........................ 8. ........................
3. ........................ 6. ........................ 9. ........................
Test Practice
Listen to the seven conversations and circle the correct answer for
each question.
1. How does she spell her surname?

A. FAIRY B. FEAR C. FAIRE D. FAIR
2. What is Sandra’s favourite colour?

A. orange B. yellow C. black D. red
3. What time does the documentary on Australia begin?

A. 7.30 B. 8.00 C. 8.15 D. 8.30
4. What’s his Post Office Box number?

A. 112 B. 118 C. 120 D. 121
5. How much did the car cost?

A. £1900 B. £9000 C. £9100 D. £1190
6. When does the new school term begin?

A. 13th B. 24th C. 23rd D. 14th
7. What is Karen wearing?

A B C D
Reading Test Section R1

Around the World
Practice
Read the passages about Karen (K) and Wendy (W) and answer the
questions. For each question choose either K (Karen) or W (Wendy). You
need to choose each person more than once.
56
Unit 9
Karen (K)
My name is Karen. I’m 20 years old and I live in a small town with my parents. I was
born in England but my mum is from France and my dad is from Spain. They have a
small restaurant. I’m a student at a vocational college. I want to be a cook. At week-
ends I sometimes work in my parents’ restaurant, but not this weekend. I’m going to a
music concert in London with my friends. It will be fun!
Wendy (W)
My name is Wendy and I’m nineteen years old. I’m studying French at the University
of Manchester. I used to hate French but I like it now because my boyfriend is from
France. I live with my aunt in Manchester. She has a very nice house near the univer-
sity. At weekends I usually go home to my family in the countryside, but this weekend
I’m going to stay in the city. My parents and brother are going to visit me.
Which person, K (Karen) or W (Wendy),

1. lives with her mother and father?
2. is a university student?
3. enjoys learning French?
4. often goes home at weekends?
5. sometimes helps her parents?
6. is going to travel this weekend?
Grammar Preposition Practice
1 Complete the sentences with the following prepositions:
at in of off on out down up for like
1. I’ve always been fond cats.

2. Andy is very good drawing and painting.
3. She’s not very keen sport.
4. From Monday to Friday I need to get at six o’clock.
5. Please turn the lights when you leave.
6. I’m tired of staying at home. Let’s go .
7. Rose is interested Chinese culture.
8. It’s very cold outside. You should put your coat.
9. She is very proud her children.
10. This is your stop. You can get the bus now.
Around the World
11. I’m really tired. I’m going to lie .

12. This meat is delicious. It tastes beef.
13. I’m looking my keys. Have you seen them?
14. Can you please help me pick the toys?
57
CONTENTS
4 Introduction
Introduction to the Pre-Intermediate Exam (4), British English vs. American
English (5–7), Classroom Language (8), Verb Tenses and Grammar Terms (9)
10 Unit 1: Daily Life

Vocabulary and Discussion (Daily Activities) (10–11), Section W4 (12–13),
Speaking – Task Three (My Favourite Pastime) (13), Speaking – Agreeing
and Disagreeing (14), Vocabulary (Neighbourhood Places) (15), Listening –
Section L1 (16–17)
18 Unit 2: Mega-Structures
Vocabulary and Discussion (World Landmarks) (18–19),Grammar – Passives
(20), Section W3 (21), Reading: The Channel Tunnel (22–23), Listening and
Reading: The German Autobahn (24–25)
26 Unit 3: A Piece of Cake

Vocabulary and Discussion (Popular Snacks) (26), Describing Food (27),
Writing – Section W1 (28), Section W4 (28), Writing – Linking Words (29),
Writing – My Favourite Food (30–31), Speaking – Task Two (32), Vocabulary
(British Food) (33)
34 Unit 4: Travel Light

Vocabulary and Discussion (Countries around the World) (34–35), Writing
(Worst Holiday) (36–37), Travel Vocabulary (37), Writing – Section W2 (38),
Reading – Section R2 (38–39), Listening – Section L2 (Unusual Hotels) (40),
Section W3 (41)
42 Unit 5: Dream Jobs

Vocabulary and Discussion (Dream Jobs) (42), Writing (A Day in the Life) (43),
Reading: World’s Best Job (44–45), Listening – Section L1 (46–47), Vocabulary
(48), Reading (48), Listening – Section L3 (Dakota Fanning) (49)
60
50 Unit 6: Festivals
Vocabulary and Discussion (Festivals and Holidays) (50), Section W4 (51),
Writing (My Favourite Festival) (52–53), Section R5 (54), Writing – Section W2
(55), Section R3 (56), Verb Patterns (57)
58 Unit 7: Mysteries
Vocabulary and Discussion (Mysterious Creatures) (58–59), Section W4
(59), Section R3 (60–61), Section R5 (62), Section R4 (63), Section W3 (64),
Speaking – Task Three (65)
66 Unit 8: A Cat Person

Vocabulary and Discussion (Wild Animals) (66–67), Listening – Section L2
(Australia’s Deadly Animals) (68–69), Reading: Dolphins (70–71), Writing –
Articles (A day in the Life) (72–73)
74 Unit 9: Lights, Camera, Action!

Vocabulary and Discussion (Films) (74), Listening – Section L3 (James
Cameron) (75), Section W3 (76), Section R4 (76), Grammar (77), Listening –
Section L1 (78), Reading – Section R2 (78–79)
80 Unit 10: Life’s Too Short

Vocabulary and Discussion (Things to do before you’re 25) (80), Section
W3 (81), Reading: Nellie Bly (82–83), Writing (A Cold, Snowy Day) (84–85),
Listening – Section L3 (Michelle Wie) (84), Section R5 (85)

61
CEFR A2+
STEP TO Pre-intermediate
Student Book
Revised & Updated
Official
preparation
59
material for
Anglia ESOL
International
08
Unit 8
A Cat Person
Speaking 1 Vocabulary - Wild Animals
bat eagle lizard skunk

cheetah gorilla monkey tortoise
chimpanzee leopard rhino(ceros) turtle
2 3 5

1. Which animals are shown in the pictures? What do you know about them?
2. Have you seen any of the 12 animals listed above?
3. Which of them could be kept as pets?
4. Some of these animals are quite similar, and people often get them mixed up.
A Cat Person
What are the differences between… A. a chimpanzee, a monkey and a gorilla?

B. a turtle and a tortoise? C. a leopard and a cheetah?
62
Unit 8
Speaking 3 Complete the answers by adding prepositions to the spaces in A–G. Then
match the questions and answers.
1. Do you prefer dogs or cats?
2. Do you have a pet?
3. Have you ever been bitten by an animal?
4. Have you ever been stung by an insect?
5. Have you ever ridden an animal?
6. What wild animals have you seen?
7. Do you like going to zoos?
A. Yes, a few times. I used to have a part-time job delivering newspapers. Dogs
sometimes ran me and tried to bite my legs.
B. I prefer cats dogs. They’re cheaper to keep and more independent.
Best of all, you don’t need to take a cat a walk.
C. Yes, I have. I can’t remember it, but my mother says that I was stung a
bee when I was very young.
D. No, we don’t, but we used have a dog.
E. Yes, usually. It’s better than watching animals TV. But, if the cages are
too small, I feel sorry the animals.
F. Yes, I have. I rode a horse a trip to Australia two years ago.
G. I’ve seen lots birds of course. I’ve also seen some bats, mice, and
deer.
2 Now, in pairs, discuss questions 1–7. Give your own answers.

A Cat Person
63
Unit 8
Listening Australia’s Deadly Animals

Section L2
box jellyfish great white shark platypus
dingo kangaroo saltwater crocodile
emu koala Tasmanian devil
1 Which animals are shown below? What do you know about them?
2 Match the words from the list with the definitions.

1. creature A. a person who is walking (on or near a road)
2. homicide B. animal / living thing (but not a plant)
3. pedestrian C. very unusual
4. rare D. murder / the crime of killing a person
5. remote E. a kind of ‘cold-blooded’ animal (snake, crocodile, etc.)
6. reptile F. poison (that some snakes and insects produce)
7. venom G. far away
3 Making Superlatives
large → the largest deadly → the deadliest famous → the most famous
A Cat Person
dangerous → the most dangerous
64
Unit 8
Listening 4 Listen to the passage and write the missing words in the spaces.
Australia (1) some of the deadliest creatures in the world. Perhaps

the most frightening is the inland taipan, the world’s most venomous snake.
Its venom is hundreds of (2) more powerful than the venom of most
rattlesnakes; one bite contains (3) venom to kill a hundred men.
Thankfully, humans have very little contact with this snake because it lives in
remote areas of central Australia. In fact, although Australia has the largest
number of venomous snakes in the world, there are very (4) deaths from
snake bites. There are about two deaths a year on average.
There are dangerous animals in the (5) that beachgoers need to

be aware of. The most famous is probably the great white shark. An adult is
usually 4 or 5 metres long and weighs about 1000 kilograms. (6)
impressive creature is the saltwater crocodile, the largest reptile in the world.
The saltwater crocodile is found along the coast of Northern Australia. Adults
usually (7) to about four or five metres in length. Although both these
animals are dangerous, attacks on humans are very rare. Together (8)
are responsible, on average, for fewer than two deaths each year.
Of course, the most dangerous animal is man. There’s far more (9) of
being killed by a person than by an animal. There are about 280 homicides in
Australia each (10). The most dangerous kind of human is one behind
the driving wheel of a car. Road accidents cause about 1500 deaths per year,
including around 200 pedestrians.
5 Match the information.

1. inland taipan a. the most dangerous animal
2. Australia b. the largest reptile in the world
3. great white shark c. the most venomous snake in the world
4. saltwater crocodile d. the most dangerous kind of human
5. humans e. the most famous marine (i.e. sea) animal
A Cat Person
6. drivers f. the largest number of venomous snakes
65
Unit 8
Reading 1 Dolphins to the Rescue
In 1989, three teenagers were surfing in Australia. A group of dolphins (called ‘a

pod’) came up to the boys and started playing with them. Then, all of a sudden,
the dolphins began circling around the boys and splashing the surface of the
water. One of the boys, Adam, was attacked by a tiger shark. It bit a large piece out
of Adam’s surfboard. The shark turned around and swam towards Adam again.
This time the dolphins attacked the shark and forced it to swim away.
In 2004 four lifeguards in New Zealand were swimming in the ocean about 100
metres from the shore. Just as a great white shark was moving towards one of
the swimmers, a pod of dolphins swam quickly towards the lifeguards and herded
them together. The dolphins surrounded the swimmers and swam around them
in a circle. The dolphins keep hitting the ocean surface and swimming in a circle
until the shark moved away 40 minutes later.
A similar thing happened in the waters off California in 2007. Twenty-four-year-old

surfer Todd Endris was attacked by a four-metre great white shark. Although he
was bitten, his surfboard protected him from the full force of the bite. Dolphins,
which had been playing nearby, circled him and kept the shark away. Endris
suffered minor injuries and spent six days in hospital.
Stories about dolphins protecting humans go back to ancient Greece. Of course,

it’s important to remember that these are very rare events. In most cases, dolphins
swim away. The people who were rescued by dolphins were very, very lucky. If you
are swimming near dolphins and see a shark, get out of the water as quickly as
possible; don’t rely on the dolphins to save you.
A Cat Person
66
Unit 8
Reading 2 For questions 1–3 you must answer in complete sentences.
1. What kind of shark attacked Adam?

2. How long did the dolphins swim around the New Zealand lifeguards?

3. What was Todd Endris doing when the shark attacked?
3 For questions 4–8 tick () the box.
4. The Californian surfer was attacked by a great white shark.

 True  False
5. The earliest stories about dolphins saving people are very old.
 True  False
6. Who was injured?

 A. Adam.
 B. One of the lifeguards.
 C. Todd.
7. How common are cases of dolphins rescuing humans from sharks?

 A. They’re very rare.
 B. They’re quite unusual
 C. They’re surprisingly common
8. What did the dolphins do in all three cases?

 A. They played with people.
 B. They swam in circles around the people.
 C. They attacked the sharks.
9. Find the word in the passage which means the OPPOSITE of:
away from (paragraph 1)
A Cat Person
10. Find the word in the passage which means the SAME as:
fortunate (paragraph 4)
67
Unit 8
Grammar 1 Articles
Using articles correctly is very difficult, even for advanced learners. Here are some
general guidelines.
We should ask: Do we know which one/ones the writer means?
Yes. Use ‘the’.

Did you bring the money? Did you enjoy the film? Please give me the keys.
No. Use ‘a/an’ for singular countable nouns.

He went to a park. Let’s watch a film. Is there a bank near here?
Use no article for plural nouns and uncountable nouns.
She’s afraid of dogs. She loves listening to music.
2 Essay: A Day in the Life of a Dog
Complete the essay by writing articles (a, the or x for ‘no article’) in the
short gaps, and words from the box in the longer gaps.
grateful then sometimes highlight evening human
My name is Snowy and I am dog. I get up at about six o’clock in the morning.
I eat breakfast and I go outside and play with a dog friend
that lives next door. Sometimes we chase cats. I don’t eat lunch. My
father, Mark, eats three times day, but he gives me two
meals. He says I am too fat.
In the afternoon I sleep under tree in our garden. The of my
day is going for walk. When Mark gets home from work, he takes me to
our local park. We play with a ball or a Frisbee. We go back home at six and
eat dinner. Mark gives me a bath in the . I go to

A Cat Person
sleep at about nine o’clock. I am very that I have such a good life.
68
Unit 8
Grammar 3 Here is a more detailed list of guidelines for using articles.

We use ‘a’ or ‘an’…
A. When we talk about one thing (which is a countable noun). Have you got a
car? There’s a mouse in my bedroom.
B. For jobs. He’s a doctor. She’s an actor.
We use ‘the’…
C. With superlative adjectives. the richest man the oldest of all
D. When there is only one of something. the moon the president
E. When we have already mentioned something. He has a house. The house
is…
F. Before seas, rivers, hotels, museums and newspapers. the Nile, the Times
We don’t use articles…
G. When talking about plural and uncountable nouns in general. I like oranges
H. Before cities, streets and languages. Paris, Spanish
I. With meals (i.e. breakfast, lunch and dinner). It’s time for lunch.
J. We usually don’t use articles before countries. China, Spain
(However, we use ‘the’ for a few countries: the United Kingdom, the U.S.A.)
K. With some places. at home go to work go to school
L. With some forms of transport. by car by bus
4 Complete the sentences by adding a, an, the, or x (no article), and then
write the rules A–L next to each sentence.
1. What do you usually have for x dinner? I
2. I love animals.
3. He has got a cat and two dogs. cat is really cute.
4. Miranda goes to work by car.
5. She lives on island in Mediterranean Sea.
6. They have three children, boy and two girls. boy is five, and
girls are seven and four.
7. Steve is translator. He speaks Russian, Spanish and French.
8. Don’t look directly at sun.

A Cat Person
9. London is most beautiful city I’ve been to.
69
CEFR B1
STEP TO Intermediate
Student Book
Revised & Updated
Official
preparation
71
material for
Anglia ESOL
International
CONTENTS
4 Introduction
Introduction to the Intermediate Exam (4), British English vs. American
English (5–6), Classroom Language (7), Getting to Know your Classmates (8),
Grammar Terms and Language Words (9)
10 Unit 1: Mother Tongue

Vocabulary and Discussion (Signs) (10), Nationality Adjectives (11),
Improving Your English (12), Speaking – Task 1 (13), Section R4 (14), –ed/–ing
Adjectives (15), Corrections (16), Listening – Section L1 (17)
18 Unit 2: Dressed to Kill

Vocabulary and Discussion (Footwear, Clothes etc.) (18), Section W3 (19),
Section W2 (20), Listening (20), School Uniforms (21), Section R4 – Suffixes
(22), Have Sth Done (23), Writing Essays (24-25)
26 Unit 3: Straight As
Vocabulary and Discussion (Kinds of Tests) (26–27), Reading (28–29), Writing
a Narrative Essay (30–31), Listening – Section L1 (32–33)
34 Unit 4: Take it Easy

Vocabulary and Discussion (Popular Leisure Activities) (34), Time
Prepositions (35), Section R2 (36–37), Speaking Task 3 (38), Section R3 (39),
Section R4 (40), Spelling – Doubling Consonants (40), Schools Around the
World (41),
42 Unit 5: Logged On
Vocabulary and Discussion (Electronic Gadgets) (42), Prepositions (43),
Speaking Activity: ‘Find Someone Who’ (44), Commonly Misspelled &
Confused Words (44), Phrasal Verbs (45), Section R2 (46), Talking About the
Future (47), Writing an Imaginative Essay (48), Section W3 (49)
72
50 Unit 6: Shop ‘Til You Drop
Vocabulary and Discussion (Presents) (50–51), Writing a Descriptive Essay
(52-53), Section W2 (54), Conditional Sentences (55), Writing an Imaginative
Essay (56–57)
58 Unit 7: Soul Mate

Vocabulary and Discussion (Celebrating) (58), Speaking – Task 3 – Decision-
making (59), Phrasal Verbs (60), Vocabulary – Friends (61), Writing a
Descriptive Essay (62), Listening – Section L3 – Internet Matchmaking (63),
Reading – ‘Sisters Reunited after 28 Years’ (64–65)
66 Unit 8: The Silver Screen

Vocabulary and Discussion (Music and Dance) (66), Speaking – Task 2 (67-68),
Section R4 (69), Prefixes (69), Films (70), Listening – Section L3 – JK Rowling
(71–72), Section W3 (73)
74 Unit 9: Fit as a Fiddle

Vocabulary and Discussion (Sports) (74), Verb Patterns (75), Listening –
Section L2 – Wimbledon (76–77), Comparatives and Superlatives (77), Section
W3 (78), Corrections (78), Reading – A Champion Eater (79), Speaking – Task
2 (80), Phrasal Verbs (81)
82 Unit 10: The Grass is Always Greener

Vocabulary (Countries with Numerous Immigrants) (82), Reading –
Immigrants in Canada (83), National Stereotypes (84), Writing a Narrative
Essay (85), Reported Speech (86), Section W3 (87), Listening – Section L2 –
The Dutch Marco Polo (88), Spelling (89), Section R2 (90–91), Section W2 (91)

73
06
Unit 6
Shop ‘Til You Drop

Speaking 1 Vocabulary - Presents
a jigsaw puzzle photo frames a wallet

binoculars a gift basket concert tickets
in-line skates a calendar a box of chocolates
perfume a parrot a Swiss army knife
lipstick gift vouchers cash
1 2
3 4
5 6

1. Which presents are shown in the pictures?
2. Describe the kind of person that they would be suitable for.
3. Which of the presents listed above would you most / least like to receive?
4. What are some presents you have received / given?
74
Unit 6
Tips for Shopping
3 Complete the sentences with words from the box.
sale service deals cash shopping list discounts expensive
1. Don’t go when you are hungry. You won’t be able to control yourself.
2. Take a shopping with you.
3. Don’t buy things just because they are on . Only buy them if you
need them.
4. Buy bread and cakes in the evening. Many bakeries offer large an
hour or two before closing time.
5. Don’t go shopping when you are angry or depressed. You’ll probably end up
buying something in order to cheer yourself up.
6. Buy second-hand goods. You can find a lot of great on the Internet.
7. Avoid using credit cards; try to pay with .
8. When you buy electronics such as a digital camera, get them at a local shop.
They are usually more expensive but you can get better after-sales .
4 Do you disagree with any of these suggestions? Which ones are useful? Can
you think of any other tips?
5 Add prepositions to the sentences. Then read them in pairs, changing the
sentences to make them true for you.
1. I’m pretty good saving money. I save 30% of my salary.

2. If I needed to save money, I’d try to spend less money clothes and shoes.
3. I usually shop before buying things.
4. Buying new products is much better than buying second-hand ones because you
can take them to the store if there’s a problem.
5. Buying CDs and DVDs is a waste money. You can download them
free from the Internet.
6. I’m saving for a new computer.
7. My parents used give me twenty pounds a week pocket money.
8. I’ve lent money some friends but I’ve never borrowed any money
them.
9. It will take me two years to pay my student loan.
10. He invested most of his savings property.
75
Unit 6
Writing Writing a Descriptive Essay
Essay topic: Describe a shop that you like a lot.
1 What is wrong with the following essay?

A shop that I really like is a clothes shop (1). The clothes shop doesn’t sell men’s clothes
– it just sells clothes for women (2). The reason I like it a lot is because it has many nice
clothes and they are quite cheap. You can sometimes find some really unusual clothes
(3). Although the clothes are really nice, most of them are cheap. I sometimes go to the
shop when I have free time (4). Sometimes I just window-shop and sometimes I buy
clothes (5). It is very popular so it is often crowded. There are some other nice clothes
shops nearby so I also take a look at them when I go into the city.
2 The ‘essay’ is much too short (just 114 words), and there are many more
problems. Find examples of the following problems:
1. An adjective that is used too many times.
2. Other words that are used too often.
3. A linking word that is used too often.
4. A sentence that is irrelevant (i.e. off topic).
3 The essay doesn’t have enough detail. Where could the following information be
placed? Write 1–5.
A. An example of an unusual item of clothes.
B. The name and location.
C. Examples of clothes that the writer has bought there.
D. The kind of women’s clothes.
E. How often the writer goes there.

76
Unit 6
Writing Thinking of Things to Write About
Asking questions about the essay subject is a very good way to think of details to write
about. Look at the examples below.
Essay topic: Describe a shop that you like a lot.

What? a second-hand bookshop called Evergreen Books
Where? in a quiet street, a five-minute walk from my house
What does it look like? big shop, two floors, a little messy and disorganised
What it sells? second-hand books, magazines, local history, science-fiction novels
When / How often I go there? twice a week, on the way home from work
What have you bought there? comic books, The Adventures of Tintin
Why do you like it? cheap, owner is friendly and knowledgeable, wide range of books,
always something new, chairs where you can sit down
4 Complete the essay with words from the box.
five-minute packed especially selection knowledgeable browse fortunate
The only thing I love more than reading is searching for books and comics. My
favourite shop is a second-hand bookshop near my house called Evergreen Books.
The bookshop has two floors (1) with a wide variety of books, magazines,
and comics. There is an especially good (2) of science-fiction novels.
The shop looks a little messy and disorganised, but that doesn’t bother me at all
because there are so many great books and the prices are very low. Moreover, the
owner, Mr. Green, is exceptionally friendly and (3).
Evergreen Books is just a (4) walk from my house so I often stop

by on my way home from work. Although I usually just (5) the shelves, if
I come across something special, I’ll buy it. I mostly buy comic books, (6)
old ones like ‘The Adventures of Tintin’.
Nowadays, there are more and more bland chain stores so I feel very (7)
to have a good bookshop like Evergreen Books on my doorstep.
77
Unit 6
Section W2 Writing an Email

In section W2 you have to write an email of 50–70 words. There is a choice of two
email questions.
1 Read the example email questions, and then complete the sample by correcting
the underlined mistakes.
You have just won some money. Write an email to your friend on one of the
following topics.
Either (1.) Tell him/her about winning the money and say what you’re going to do
with it.
or (2.) Tell him/her about winning the money and invite him/her to come with you
to spend your money.
From: Lucy
Subject: Great News
Message:
Hi Tina,
Guess what? I won £30 yesterday. I got second place in the Farmers
Department Store photo contest. It was that funny Santa picture I take.
The £30 is actually gift vouchers for the department store, so I need
spending the money there.
I’m not sure what I’m go to buy. I might get a clothes. Why don’t you
helping me spend it? It’ll be fun. How about going here this Saturday
morning?
Write back soon.
Lucy
2 Now write an email for question 1.

78
Unit 6
Conditional Sentences
1 How do these three sentences differ?

If he studies hard, he will pass the test. If he studied hard, he would pass the
test. If he had studied hard, he would have passed the test.
first conditional if + present simple will + verb

If the weather is good tomorrow, I’ll go to the beach.
(Sometimes we use can, may, might, shall instead of will) If it rains, we can rent a DVD.
‘unless’ means ‘if… not’. I’ll fail the test unless I cheat. = I’ll fail the test if I do not cheat.
second conditional if + past simple would + verb

If I won the lottery, I would buy a house.
(We can use could, might, should instead of would) If I won the lottery, I might buy a car.
third conditional if + had / hadn’t + pp would have / wouldn’t have + p.p.

If we had had more money, we would have bought a house.
I wouldn’t have fallen asleep if I hadn’t been so tired.
(Sometimes we use could have, might have, should have instead of would have)
If I had studied harder, I could have gone to university.
Test Practice
Section R3
Write the correct answer on the line.
1. If we …………....…… earlier, we wouldn’t have been late.
A. leave B. would leave C. had left D. will leave
2. We’ll stay home tomorrow if the weather …………………… bad.
A. is B. was C. would be D. wasn’t
3. What would you do if you ……………...…… a diamond ring on the street?
A. found B. will find C. have found D. find
4. If I saw a ghost, I ………………….… to take a picture of it.
A. might B. would be C. would try D. would
5. I ………….…..…… Paul if I see him.
A. told B. would tell C. tell D. will tell
6. I ……………….……… passed the test if I had studied harder.
A. won’t B. would have C. would D. will
7. It’s difficult to get a good job unless you ……..……..……… a lot of experience.
A. do have B. have C. don’t have D. had
8. We would have cleaned up the flat if we ………..………..…… you were coming.
A. had known B. knew C. would know D. know
79
Unit 6
Writing Writing an Imaginative Essay
Essay topic: What would you do if you won $5,000,000?
1 Using the sentences below, make true sentences about yourself.
I would… I would probably…

1. …hold a huge party. 9. …pay off my family’s debts.
2. …quit my job. 10. …give my parents half of it.
3. …pay off all my debts. I might…
4. …take a long trip around the world. 11. …drop out of school / university.
5. …buy a large house. 12. …go on a shopping spree.
6. …give some money to charity. I wouldn’t…
7. …buy a sports car. 13. …change my lifestyle.
8. …put most of it in the bank. 14. …tell anyone that I had won it.
An essay should not be a list of points. We need to give reasons and explain
things.
2 Now match the sentences above to the reasons/explanations below.
A. I really hate owing money.
B. I would like one with a nice garden and a swimming pool.
C. I feel sorry for stray dogs and cats so I would probably give it to an animal
shelter.
D. I have always wanted to go abroad, but I have never had enough money.
E. I have always dreamed about owning a Ferrari.
F. It is incredibly boring and I hate my boss.
G. I would feel really uncomfortable if people asked me for money.
3 We also need to put similar points together in the same paragraph. Here are
some ways we could divide the body of the essay:
• buy / save
• practical things / fun
• me / others (family and friends)
• do now / do later
Which do the two essays on the opposite page use?
80
Unit 6
Writing Essay 1
Like many people, I buy a lottery ticket every week and dream of winning a fortune. If I
won five million dollars, it would completely change my life.
First of all, I would quit my job as a supermarket cashier. The job is extremely boring
and the pay is very poor. I would open a small business, perhaps a café or a clothes
shop. I would probably buy a car. At the moment, I just use public transport, so having
a car would give me a lot of freedom to visit people and to travel.
I would also use some of my money to help my friends and family. My parents aren’t
very wealthy. My father hates his job but he can’t afford to retire. If I gave my parents
one million dollars, they could have a very comfortable retirement. It would also be
nice to help some of my friends by giving them money either as a present or a loan.
In conclusion, if I won five million dollars, I would resign from my job and start
a business. Best of all, I’d be able to give my family and friends some financial
assistance.
Essay 2
Winning five million dollars would be wonderful, but it would not immediately change
my life a lot because I’m a high school student. I would still continue going to school.
The first thing I would do is ask my parents to invest most of the money for me. Next,
I would celebrate by holding a big party for my family and close friends. As well as
that, I would spend some of the money on presents and buy a few things for myself. In
particular, I have always wanted a video camera, but I have never had enough money
to buy one.
After leaving high school, I could have more fun with the money. I would take a year
off between school and university and travel overseas. I have always dreamed about
buying a motorcycle and riding it from Argentina all the way up to Alaska. With my
winnings, I could make that dream come true. After my gap year, I might use my
winnings to study at a prestigious foreign school; it would be a lot more interesting
than living at home with my parents and attending my local university.
81
CEFR B2
STEP TO Advanced
Student Book
Revised & Updated
Official
preparation
83
material for
Anglia ESOL
International
CONTENTS
4 Introduction
Introduction to the Advanced Exam (4), Improving your English (5), British
English vs. American English (6–7), Classroom Language (8), Getting to Know
your Classmates (9)
10 Unit 1: Off the Beaten Track

Vocabulary and Discussion (Tourist Attractions) (10), Corrections (11),
Reading – Britain vs. the UK (12), Saying Numbers (13), Listening Practice
(London Attractions) (14–15), Listening – Section L1 (16), Dos and DON’Ts in
England (17)
18 Unit 2: Home Sweet home

Vocabulary and Discussion (Life’s Important Events) (18), Speaking – Part
One (19), Surnames (20), Section R5 (21), Essay Question Types (22),
Transition Words (23), Essay “Who do you admire the most?” (24), Essay
Terms and Brainstorming (25)
26 Unit 3: Killing Time

Vocabulary and Discussion (Hobbies) (26), Phrasal Verbs (27), –ing / –ed
Adjectives (28), Sports News (29), Section W3 (30), Regrets (31), Listening –
Section L1 (32), Section R3 (33)
34 Unit 4: An Apple a Day

Vocabulary and Discussion (Foods around the World) (34), Dictation and
Corrections (35), Speaking – Task 3 (36), Useful Phrases (37), Section W2
Writing Letters (38–39), Writing a Complaint Letter (40), Writing an Informal
Letter (41)
42 Unit 5: Leave Only Footprints

Vocabulary and Discussion (Environmental Problems) (42), Reading – Solar-
Powered Cars (43), Writing a Discussion Essay (44–45), Giving Both Sides of
an Argument (46), Speaking – Task 2 (47), Weather Vocabulary (48), Listening
– Section L2: Weather Forecasts (49)
84
50 Unit 6: Teacher’s Pet
Vocabulary and Discussion (School and University Subjects) (50), Speaking
– Task 3 (51), Corrections (52), Listening – Section L3 (53), Writing a Formal
Letter (54–55), Writing an Informal Letter (56), Section R5 (57)
58 Unit 7: Law and Order

Vocabulary and Discussion (Crime) (58–59), Listening – Section L2 (60),
Section R3 (60), Section R2 (61–62), Prefixes (62), Section R5 (63), Speaking –
Military Service (63), Reading – Section R1 (64–65)
66 Unit 8: The Written Word

Vocabulary and Discussion (Parts of a Newspaper) (66), Speaking – Novels
(67), Writing a Discussion Essay (68), Writing a Narrative Essay (69), Section
R4 (70–71), Section R5 (72), Section W3 (73)
74 Unit 9: Nine to Five

Vocabulary and Discussion (Jobs) (74), Describing Jobs (75), Speaking –
Task 2 – Presentations (76–77), Section W3 (78), Corrections (79), Listening –
Section L2: Business News (80–81)
82 Unit 10: Life in the Fast Lane

Vocabulary (City Transportation) (82), Listening – Section L3 (83), Street
Names (84), Section R2 (85), Speaking – Task 3 (86), Describing your
Neighbourhood (87), Section R3 (87), Writing a Descriptive Essay (88–89)
90 Transcripts
Speaking – Task 3, Unit 4, pg. 36 Transcript (90), Speaking – Task 2, Unit 9,
pg. 77 Transcript (91)

85
05
Unit 5
Leave Only Footprints

Speaking 1 Vocabulary - Environmental Problems
overpopulation global warming species extinction

deforestation overfishing urban sprawl
desertification air pollution soil erosion
1 2
3 4 6
2 Discussion
1. What environmental problems are shown in the pictures?
2. Where do they occur?

3. What causes these problems? What are some possible solutions?
4. What environmental problems are there in your country?
86
Unit 5
Reading Solar-powered Cars
Every few years a strange collection of low black vehicles gather in the far north of
Australia for the World Solar Challenge. This is a solar-powered car race covering
3,020 kilometres across Australia from Darwin to Adelaide. The cars are powered by
solar cells that convert solar energy into electricity. The World Solar Challenge usually
attracts about a dozen teams from around the world, most of which are sponsored by
universities and companies. A Dutch team from Delft University has been the most
successful team in the past decade. Another team, comprised of Hawaiian high school
students, was the subject of a 1996 American film featuring Halle Berry, Race the Sun.
The World Solar Challenge goes through the Outback, the remote and arid areas in
the centre of the country, and takes four days. The solar-powered cars are allowed to
drive from 0800 to 1700, and they average over 90km/hr. The purpose of the race is
to promote the development of solar-powered racing cars. This aim has been more
than realised; solar technology has improved so much since the first race in 1987 that
the cars can now go well over the legal speed limits. In fact, new rules have been
introduced to reduce speeds.
The next challenge for solar-powered vehicle makers is to develop cars that are larger
and more comfortable than the racing models. Some progress has been made towards
this aim. In December 2008, Swiss teacher Louis Palmer completed a 17-month,
52,000km trip around the world in a ‘solar taxi’. His three-wheeled car pulled a trailer
with solar cells and batteries. Palmer’s solar car can travel 300km on a single charge,
and reach speeds of 90km/hr. The prototype was expensive but he hopes that, if mass
produced, it could sell for around 10,000 Euros.
1. When was the first World Solar Challenge held?

2. What is the purpose of the race?
3. How long did Louis Palmer’s journey take?
4. What is the starting point for the World Solar Challenge?
A. Australia B. Adelaide C. Darwin
5. Race the Sun…
A. was directed by Halle Berry B. is based on a true story C. won the race
6. How much did Louis Palmer’s car cost to produce?
A. 52,000 B. No number is given C. 10,000 Euros
87
Unit 5
Writing Writing a Discussion Essay
Essay question: “It’s wrong to keep wild animals in zoos.” Discuss.
1 Write the topic sentences in the correct paragraphs.
I. Furthermore, zoos provide a safe place for endangered animals.

II. Zoos have an important role in educating the public about animal conservation.
III. In some cases, this is true, but most zoos provide a nice living environment for
the animals.
In recent times animal rights have become an important

issue. Some people think that we should not keep wild
animals in zoos, but I strongly disagree with this.
A.
We can read about animals or watch them on television, but seeing them in real life is
so much better. People can see what the animals look like and how they behave. As a
result, they may develop an interest in protecting animals and the environment.
B.
Many animals are unable to live in the wild because of threats such
as poaching and habitat loss. If these animals become extinct in the
wild, the species will not completely die out because we have them in
our zoos. In fact, many zoos have breeding programmes which involve
returning animals back into their natural habitat.
Some people say that keeping wild animals in zoos is cruel and unnatural.
C.
They give the animals good medical care, provide good food, and have large cages. As a
result, animals in zoos usually live longer than ones in the wild.
To sum up, I support keeping wild animals in zoos because they help educate the public
and save animals from becoming extinct. Rather than closing zoos, we need to put more
effort into improving them.
88
Unit 5
Writing 2 Which of these things would improve the essay?
1. Give some examples (e.g. examples of animals).

2. Make the essay longer. It is too short.
3. Replace overused words such as ‘zoos’ and ‘animals’ with synonyms.
4. Make the introduction and conclusion longer.
Synonyms for animals: wildlife, wild creatures, fauna, predators, carnivores

etc.
Synonyms for zoos: safari park, wildlife refuge, wildlife park (There are
very few common synonyms for ‘zoo’ so we could use
expressions such as ‘keep in captivity’, ‘cages’ or
‘behind bars’.
Examples of animals: pandas, tigers, rhinos, gorillas etc. (Try and use more
difficult words if you can spell them correctly; for
example, orangutans would be better than lions.)
CHOOSING SYNONYMS – use your dictionary to find synonyms but be careful.

Students often choose very rare words and ones that have very limited usage. The
Golden Rule is: if you have never heard or read the word before, don’t use it.

Giving examples
We can give examples using these words: such as, like, for example, for instance
I enjoy playing team sports such as football and volleyball.
He suits bright colours like red.
We can reduce our impact on the environment by, for example, driving
smaller cars.
The students did very badly on the test. Jill, for example, scored only 33%.
It is much easier to use ‘for example’ and ‘for instance’ at the start of a sentence
rather than in the middle.

There are many ways to reduce our impact on the environment. For
example, we can drive smaller cars.
The students did very badly on the test. For example, Jill scored only 33%.
89
Unit 5
Writing 3 Giving Both Sides of an Argument
Some people say that keeping wild animals in zoos is cruel and unnatural. In
some cases, this is true, but most zoos provide a nice living environment for the
animals.
Giving the other side

Some / Many people say (that)…
Opponents / Critics of say / argue /claim (that)…
Supporters / Proponents of say / argue /claim...
Concession and rebuttal
In some cases, this is true, but…
This may be partly true, but…
Straight rebuttal
I believe this is… wrong. / a faulty argument. / irrelevant.
In fact,… this is incorrect. / the opposite is true.
4 Match
1. Opponents of nuclear power claim that it is dangerous.
2. Proponents of compulsory retirement say that it creates jobs for young people.
3. Critics of globalisation argue that it is increasing poverty in developing
countries.
4. Some people say that the Internet causes serious problems such as addiction
to online games.
5. Many educators and parents say that students spend too much time on non-
academic subjects like music and art.
A. In fact, the opposite is true. It has lifted many people out of poverty.
B. This may be true, but it is obviously unfair.
C. This might have been true in the past, but modern nuclear power plants are
very safe.
D. I firmly believe that they are mistaken. These subjects are beneficial for…
E. This may be true in a few extreme cases, but overall the Internet has had a
positive effect on society.
90
Unit 5
Speaking Task 2 Giving a Presentation
Task Two takes 8–10 minutes in total. Two students take turns giving a 2–3-minute pre-
prepared presentation. After the presentation, the other student comments and asks
questions. Remember: Students cannot take notes into the Speaking Test.
1 Complete the guidelines for making presentations by using the words in the box.
figures formal questions passion repetition
The Part Two presentation is similar to a discussion essay but there are some
differences.
1. The language in a presentation is less .

2. Because you have time to prepare the presentation, you can do some research and
find some facts and . However, be careful not to overuse these.
3. You show more ; it’s important that the people believe what you
are saying. Try to be confident and show your feelings.
4. You can use humour.
5. Ask rhetorical (a rhetorical question is one where an answer is
not expected). They help make listeners feel involved in the presentation.
6. While you should avoid in essays, it is an important speaking
device to stress your points. Many speakers like to repeat the start of sentences in
threes.
2 What points are these examples of?

We need to stop consuming so much… We need to stop using coal… We need to stop…
Global warming might not seem like a serious problem for someone living in chilly
England, but…
Should we only test medicines and medical techniques on people?
In the United States alone, over three million dogs are put to sleep every year.
3 Choose one of the following topics. Prepare a two-minute presentation.

1. It’s wrong to keep animals as pets. Do you agree?
2. Trying to save endangered animals is a waste of money. Do you agree?
3. We shouldn’t use animals for medical research. Do you agree?
4. Global warming is not a serious problem. Do you agree?

5. Technology is the key to saving the environment. Do you agree?
91
Unit 5
Listening Weather Vocabulary

Section L2
1 Weather: Match the words with the definitions.
1. thunderstorm A. very light rain

2. drizzle B. very cold
3. breeze C. a light wind
4. blizzard D. a brief period of rain (or snow)
5. clear (up) E. lightning, thunder and heavy rain
6. shower F. a severe snow storm with heavy winds
7. freezing G. become fine after rainy / cloudy weather
2 Complete these common weather descriptions with the following words.
clear up wintry scattered chance high east snowfall midday low
1. A cold front will bring weather.

2. It will be cloudy in the morning, but will by midday.
3. Tomorrow will be cooler with strong winds coming from the .
4. The temperature will reach a of 22 degrees centigrade.
5. Heavy is expected in the north of Scotland.
6. There is a forty percent of rain.
7. showers are forecast for the south of the country.
8. Overnight temperatures will drop to a of minus five degrees.
9. Early fog will burn off by .
Describing temperatures
In the UK temperatures are described using degrees Celsius. The abbreviation is °C.
An older word centigrade (which has the same meaning as Celsius) is sometimes still
used. Americans usually use the Fahrenheit scale.
We often leave out Celsius, e.g. It’s really hot. It must be 30 degrees.
We use minus for temperatures below zero. –5°C = minus 5 degrees
92
Unit 5
Listening Listening Practice: Weather Forecasts
3 True or False?
Listen to the forecasts and write T/F next to the statements.
Forecast 1
1. It will be hot tomorrow morning.
2. The weather will improve later in the day.
Forecast 2
3. It will snow in some parts of the country.
4. Temperatures will be lower than average.
Forecast 3
5. It will be sunny in the afternoon.
6. It will be warmer tomorrow.
London’s weather
4 Which of these statements do you think are true?

1. The weather is very cold.
2. It’s usually raining.
3. London has a serious smog problem (smog = smoke and fog).
5 Now read the passage and check your answers.
London has a temperate climate. July is the hottest month of the year with an
average high of 23°C and an average low of 14°C. January is the coldest month
(2–8°C). It usually only snows a few times a year.
Although there are quite a few days with rain (between 11 and 15 days per
month), the ‘rain’ is often just a brief shower. In fact, London’s total annual rainfall
is only 583 millimetres.
London was once infamous for its smog, but in the 1950s the government
took action to reduce air pollution caused by the burning of coal. Although pollution
from traffic sometimes causes smog today, London’s air is much cleaner than it
was a hundred years ago.
93
CEFR C1
STEP TO AcCEPT Proficiency

Student Book
Revised & Updated
Official
preparation
95
material for
Anglia ESOL
International
CONTENTS
4 Introduction
Introduction to the Proficiency Exam (4), Improving Your English (5), British
English vs. American English (6–7), Speaking Task One (8–9)
10 Unit 1: Life is What You Make It

Life Goals (10), Match and Discussion (Goals) (11), Listening – Section L3
(12–13), Grammar – Inversion (14), Test Practice Section W3 (14), Section R4
(15), Section W1 – Essay Writing (16–17), Transition Words (17)
18 Unit 2: Higher Education

Vocabulary and Discussion (University Subjects) (18), Corrections (19),
Sentence Structure (20), Section R5 (21), Commonly Confused Words (22),
Writing Essays (23), Advantages and Disadvantages Essay (24), An Argument
Essay (25)
26 Unit 3: Money Talks

Vocabulary and Discussion (Multinational Companies) (26), Word Focus (27),
Reading (28–29),Section R4 (30), Section R5 (31), Reading – Section R3 (32–
33)
34 Unit 4: Logged In
Vocabulary and Discussion (Electronic Gadgets) (34), Popular Websites (35),
Word Focus (36), Essay Writing – Pros and Cons (37), Essay Writing –
Banning Things (38–40), Listening – Section L3 (41)
42 Unit 5: The Squeaky Wheel

Vocabulary and Discussion (Urban Problems) (42), Writing Letters and Emails
(43–46), Listening – Section L2 (46–47), Reported Speech (48), Section W3 (49)
50 Unit 6: Itchy Feet

Vocabulary and Discussion (World’s Most Liveable Cities) (50), Speaking –
Task Three (51), Listening – Section L1 (52), Descriptive Essay (53), Writing an
Informal Letter (54), Noun Suffixes (55–56), Speaking – Task Two (57)
96
58 Unit 7: Under the Weather
Vocabulary and Discussion (Extreme Weather and Natural Disasters) (58),
Listening – Section L2 (59), Writing a Narrative Essay (60), Section R5 (61),
Reading – Beringia (62–63), Writing a Summary (64), Test Practice Section R4
(64), Listening – Section L1 (65)
66 Unit 8: A Touchy Subject

Vocabulary and Discussion (Religions) (66), Describing Kinds of People (67),
Speaking – Task Three (68–69), Reading Section R3 (70–71), Section W3 (72),
Grammar – The Suffix -en (73)
74 Unit 9: On Campus
Vocabulary and Discussion (Universities) (74), Speaking – Task Two
(75), Commonly Misspelled Words (76), Speaking – Task Three (77–78),
Vocabulary (79), Listening – Section L2 (80–81)
82 Unit 10: Reach for the Stars

Vocabulary and Discussion (Space) (82), Writing an Informal Email (83),
Essay Writing (83–84), Section R4 (85), Writing a Research Essay (86), Section
W3 (87), Reading (88–89)
90 Unit 11: Brave New World

Vocabulary and Discussion (Cities, Countries and Continents) (90), Listening
& Reading (91), Reading (92–93), Writing a Summary (94–95), Section R4 (95)
96 Unit 12: Fighting Fit

Vocabulary and Discussion (Health Problems) (96), Listening – Section L2
(97), Essay Writing (98–99), Listening, Reading & Speaking (100–101)

Listening Paper (104–108), Reading & Writing Paper (109–120), Speaking Test
(121–124)
97
06
Unit 6
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Speaking 1 Vocabulary - The World’s Most Liveable Cities
According to some recent surveys, some of the most liveable cities in the world are:
Auckland (New Zealand) Vancouver (Canada) Copenhagen (Denmark)
Melbourne (Australia) Geneva (Switzerland) Stockholm (Sweden)
Sydney (Australia) Munich (Germany) Vienna (Austria)
Tokyo (Japan) Paris (France) Zurich (Switzerland)
1 2
3 4 5

1. What cities are shown in the pictures? What do you know about them?
2. In your opinion, what criteria should be used to determine how ‘liveable’ a city is?
3. Which of the cities listed above would you like to visit or live in?
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4. Would you rather live in a large city, a small city or the country?
5. Does your home town attract many immigrants and tourists?
98
Unit 6
Speaking Quotes about Travel
“A journey is best measured in friends, rather than miles.”

Tim Cahill (American travel writer)
“I have found out that there ain’t no surer way to find out whether you like people or
hate them than to travel with them.” Mark Twain (American writer 1835–1910)
“All travel has its advantages. If the passenger visits better countries, he may learn to
improve his own. And if fortune carries him to worse, he may learn to enjoy it.”
Samuel Johnson (English writer 1709–1784)
“To my mind, the greatest reward and luxury of travel is to be able to experience
everyday things as if for the first time, to be in a position in which almost nothing is so
familiar it is taken for granted.” Bill Bryson (American travel writer)
“Too often travel, instead of broadening the mind, merely lengthens the
conversation.” Elizabeth Drew (American political journalist)
3 1. In your own words, what do the above quotes mean? Do you agree with them?
2. Have you ever travelled abroad? Have you travelled much around your country?
3. Which countries would you most like to travel to?
4 Speaking Task Three
Tourism: Statements for Discussion

In pairs or small groups take turns giving a two-minute talk, followed by a
discussion, for these statements.
1. ost of the jobs created by tourism are low-end service jobs.

M
2. Because air travel produces a lot of CO2, governments should try to encourage
their citizens to travel domestically rather than abroad.
3. Tourism helps promote peace between nations and people.
4. Because of globalisation and modernisation, countries are more and more alike.
As a result, travel is less interesting than it used to be.
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99
Unit 6
Listening Aspects of Chinese Culture

Section L1
1 You will hear a teacher on a cultural adaptation course talking to new
arrivals in Hong Kong. For questions one to five listen to the recording
and tick () the correct box. For questions six to ten, fill in the missing
information.
1. When someone gives you a gift

□ A. use both hands.
□ B. use your right hand.
□ C. bow your head.
2. It has become more common for people to

□ A. open presents immediately.
□ B. exchange presents.
□ C. pretend to refuse presents.
3. Asking personal questions is considered

□ A. rude.
□ B. friendly.
□ C. polite.
4. The speaker suggests that when complimented, you should…

□ A. offer thanks.
□ B. return the compliment.
□ C. deny the compliment.
5. What should you do when someone makes an unreasonable request?

□ A. reject it
□ B. make an excuse
□ C. show surprise
6. MMA has contributed to the decline of .
7. People looking for kung fu immersion courses are advised to go to .
8. A nearby martial arts school can be reached by .
9. The most famous practitioner of Wing Chun was .
10. Wing Chun evening classes start at .

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100
Unit 6
Writing Descriptive Essay
Essay Task: Describe a popular tourist attraction in your country that you would
recommend to foreign visitors.
1 In this kind of essay, it is important to use an interesting range of vocabulary,

especially adjectives.
Which of the following words can replace the underlined words and phrases in
the essay?
up-market vintage premier breathtaking gorgeous exhilarating

destination rural best-loved excursion
One of the most popular (1) tourist resorts in New

Zealand is a pretty town called Queenstown. It is
located on the edge of a beautiful (2) large lake
and is surrounded by spectacular mountains.
Most foreign tourists arrive by plane, but it is also
conveniently reached by road. Queenstown has a
good choice of accommodation from backpacker
hostels to expensive (3) hotels, and it also offers a
wide range of attractions.
Queenstown is known as the ‘Adventure Capital of the World’. There are numerous
companies offering exciting (4) rafting and jetboating trips on nearby rivers. Bungee
jumping, skydiving, and paragliding are also popular activities for extreme sports
enthusiasts. Queenstown is New Zealand’s best (5) winter sports resort. There are
four ski fields which provide excellent skiing for both beginners and advanced skiers.
Many of these activities are expensive, but there are cheaper options. Hiking and
cycling, whether for a few hours or a few days, are inexpensive ways to enjoy the
mountains.
There is more to Queenstown than just adventure. A sightseeing trip of the area
is highly recommended. A gondola ride to a peak overlooking Queenstown gives
amazing (6) views of the landscape. Another popular trip (7) is a boat trip on an
old (8) steamship across the lake to visit a sheep farm. The countryside around
Queenstown also has places of interest for history buffs. In particular, visiting the
nearby historical town of Arrowtown gives you a glimpse of life in the gold mining days
of the 19th century.
Despite its small size and country (9) setting, Queenstown has a vibrant city centre.
There are numerous restaurants and pubs that stay open late. During the winter and
summer high seasons the town has a party atmosphere.
In conclusion, Queenstown is a beautiful place to visit (10) which is ideal for both
visitors wanting to do adventure activities and those wanting to relax and enjoy the
stunning scenery.
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101
Unit 6
Writing An Informal Letter
Write a letter to a foreign friend thanking him/her for inviting you to stay at his/her
home, and apologising for not being able to go.
1 Complete the letter by adding these words and phrases.
Regards Hopefully Before I forget Unfortunately Once again Actually
Hi Toni,
How are you? Thanks so much for inviting me to your place. It’s very kind of you.
(1), I won’t be able to come because I’ve just got a summer job.
(2), I start work this coming Monday.
I’ve always wanted to see your beautiful city. (3), I will be able to visit
you there one day.
(4), did you get the book I sent? (5), thanks for the invite.
(6),
John
Useful Phrases
In informal letters and emails, especially ones to close friends and family members, we
sometimes suddenly think of something to add By the way,… Before I forget, …
That reminds me. One last thing, …
In the past, when people wanted to add something after finishing a letter, they often
wrote ‘P.S.’ (the abbreviation for postscript) at the bottom of the letter followed by the
added comment(s). However, now that hand written letters are quite rare, this is less
Itchy Feet
common than it used to be.
102
Unit 6
Grammar Noun Suffixes
1 Add suffixes to complete the sentences 1–24.
–ment is used to make nouns from verbs

move improve develop govern equip
require appoint arrange enjoy achieve
1. He has an to see the manager at three o’clock.
2. She considers climbing Mt. Everest to be her greatest .
3. The has announced that the general election will take place
on the 24th of May.
4. We need to buy a tent and some sleeping bags. Do you know of any stores
that sell camping ?
5. The doctor said that there had been no in his condition.
–ness is used to make nouns from adjectives

happy sad weak kind good polite
ready dark forgetful bright
6. I’m an optimist. I believe in the essential of people.
7. I thanked him for his .
8. As far as I’m concerned, is the most important thing in life.

9. His main as a manager is his inability to delegate work.
10. The of the beach made his eyes water.
–ity is also used to make nouns from adjectives (Note: some spelling changes are needed.)
possible secure complex scarce generous
11. He works as a guard at the bank.
12. The of clean water is a growing problem in poor countries.
13. I think people take advantage of my mother’s .
14. Because of the of the disease, it is unlikely that scientists
will be able to develop a cure for it in the near future.

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15. The forecast said that there’s a of heavy rain tonight.
103
Unit 6
Grammar –tion / –sion are used to make nouns from verbs (Notes: -sion is less common,
both are pronounced with a ‘sh’ sound, and spelling changes are often needed.)
admit alter civilise decorate describe inform decide calculate
–ance / –ence are used to make nouns from adjectives and verbs
insure appear import allow fragrant

absent silent differ exist obedient
16. It’s a matter of the utmost . (import)
17. I disagree with the saying, “ makes the heart grow fonder.”
(absent)
18. We took down the Christmas yesterday. (decorate)
19. Chinese originated along the lower Yellow River. (civilise)
20. I don’t believe in the of ghosts. (exist)
–ship, –hood and –dom change the meaning of nouns but the words remain nouns.
The suffix ‘–ship’ describes kinds of relationships, or skill, and ‘–hood’ describes
periods or groups of people. The suffix ‘–dom’ has the meaning of rank, state or
position.
relationship partnership craftsmanship membership priesthood

motherhood childhood kingdom freedom stardom
21. I grew up in quite a rough . (neighbour)
22. The worst thing about country life is the . (bore)
23. M
y most enduring were made during my years in the army.
(friend)
24. comes from experience, not books. (wise)
Other Suffixes
–ing heating misunderstanding building

–ure failure pressure
–al refusal
–y delivery tasty
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104
Unit 6
Speaking Task Two

Task Two involves a discussion of recent issues in the news. Before the speaking
test, examinees are given two short news articles and a list of points to discuss.
Examinees choose one of the topics to talk about for 2–3 minutes. This is followed
by a discussion with the examiner and the other student.
1 Read the article and then discuss the questions with a classmate.
A Compulsory Gap Year
The Irish Business and Employers batteries and go back to school with
Confederation (IBEC) has called for the renewed energy.
government to introduce a mandatory
gap year between secondary school For most students, a gap year involves a
and university. They say this is needed combination of work and travel, either
to help young people to develop skills working at home to raise funds for a trip,
that are required in the workplace. The or going on a working holiday. Examples
employers’ group believe that the current of the latter are fruit picking in New Zea-
education system has a narrow academic land and working as camp counsellors in
focus that relies too heavily on rote the United States.
learning.
Taking a gap year has become more
According to gap year supporters, the common over the last decade, and it has
time off from school broadens students’ also become increasingly structured.
horizons and improves their social skills. There are a large number of organisations
In addition, they are said to gain confi- and companies sending ‘gappers’ around
dence and practical experience, as well as the globe. Volunteering tourism, in
having time to think about their direction particular, has seen rapid growth.
in life. Ideally, they can recharge their
Points to Consider
• Is taking a gap year common in your
country?
• What are the advantages and
disadvantages of taking a gap year?
• If you took a gap year, what would you
like to do?
• Do you think it’s a good idea to make a
gap year compulsory?
• What do you think is meant by
‘volunteering tourism’?
Itchy Feet
105
CEFR C2
STEP TO Masters
Student Book
For the revised &

updated papers
Official
preparation
107
material for
Anglia ESOL
International
CONTENTS
2 Introduction
Contents (2–3), Introduction to the Masters Examination (4), Preparation
Advice (5)
6 Unit 1: Travel
Speaking: Travel Quotations (6), Section L4 & W1: Chichester (6–8), Reading:
Favourite Place Names (9), Reading & Speaking: Regulating Tourism (10–12),
Idioms (13), Section R1 (14)
16 Unit 2: Work
Speaking: Work Quotations (16), Listening: Section L3 (16), Listening &
Speaking: Outsourcing (18), Proverbs (19), Writing: Globalisation Essay (20),
Writing: Essay Tips, Academic Language, Balance & Conclusions (21–23),
Section L2 (24), Section W3 (24–25)
26 Unit 3: Politics and the News

Speaking: Political Quotations (26), Reading: News Headlines (27–29), Idioms
(30), Section W2: Sentence Transformation (31–33)
34 Unit 4: Words
Speaking: Popular Novels (34), Reading: Book Reviews (35), Reading:
Mandarin (36–37), Section L1 Listening (38–40), Vocabulary: Latin Loanwords
(40–41), Section R1 (42–43)
44 Unit 5: Food
Speaking: Food Quotations (44), Vocabulary: Noun Collocations (44), Section
L3 Listening: Hotel & Restaurant Reviews (45), Section L4&W1: Ludlow
Food Festival (46–48), Section W4 Essay Writing (48–49), Vocabulary: French
Loanwords (50), Section W2: Sentence Transformation (51), Email Writing
(52–53)
108
54 Unit 6: Questions of Equality
Speaking: Gender Inequality (54), Section L1: Foot-binding (55), Reading
& Speaking: Crowded World (56–57), Idioms (58), Section W2: Sentence
Transformation (58–59), Section R1: Double Pricing (60), Summary Writing
(63)
64 Unit 7: The Sea

Speaking: Maritime Quotations (64), Section L1: Coastguard Skipper (65),
Vocabulary: Outdoor Activities (66), Section W1 Sample Letter (67), Joseph
Conrad’s ‘Youth’ (68–69), Teenage Girls Shake up Solo Sailing World (70),
Novels with a Nautical Flavour (71), Maritime Idioms (72–73)
74 Unit 8: War and Peace

Speaking: War Quotations (74), Essay: Gun Control (75–77), Section R2:
Matching News Headlines (78–81)
82 Unit 9: Science
Speaking: Science Quotations (82), IP Protection (83), Reading: SKA (84),
Section L1: Interview with Astronomer (85–86), Idioms (87), Section L1: Ride
Sharing Company goCarShare (88–89), Common Confused Words (90),
Section R1 (91)
92 Unit 10: In the Spotlight

Speaking: Arts & Media Quotations (92), Section L4 & W1: Womad Music
Festival (93), Section L1 Vocabulary (94), Section R2 (95–96), Section L2 (97),
Section W2 (98–99), Section L2 (100), Section W3 Writing Emails (100–101)

109
09
Unit 9
Science
Speaking If I have seen further than Men have become the
others, it is by standing tools of their tools.
upon the shoulders of Henry David Thoreau
giants. (American author,
Isaac Newton (1642–1727, philosopher and
English physicist) naturalist, 1817–1863)
A new consciousness is
developing which sees We must not forget that when radium
the earth as a single was discovered no one knew that it
organism and recognizes would prove useful in hospitals. The
that an organism at war work was one of pure science. And
with itself is doomed. We this is a proof
are one planet. One of the that scientific
great revelations of the work must not
age of space exploration is the image be considered
of the earth finite and lonely, somehow from the point of
vulnerable, bearing the entire human view of the direct
species through the oceans of space usefulness of it.
and time. It must be done
Carl Sagan (American astronomer, for itself, for the
1934–1996) beauty of science,
and then there is always the chance
that a scientific discovery may become
like radium a benefit for humanity.
I don’t think we’re Marie Curie (Polish-French physicist,
yet evolved to the 1867–1934)
point where we’re
clever enough to
handle as complex
a situation as
climate change... I don’t think the human
The inertia of race will survive the
humans is so huge that you can’t really next thousand years,
do anything meaningful. unless we spread into
James Lovelock (British scientist) space. There are too
many accidents that
can befall life on a
single planet. But I’m
We are still in the very an optimist. We will reach out to the
beginnings of the Internet. stars.
Jimmy Wales (co-founder of Stephen Hawking (British physicist)
Wikipedia)
Science
110
Unit 9
Speaking and Intellectual Property

Listening 1 Discuss: Is violation of intellectual property rights a serious crime? Is IP
protection tenable in today’s high-tech world?
2 Now listen to two people discussing IP protection and complete the

phrases below with words from the recording.
It’s not a (1) choice.
It’s not a zero-sum (2) . Everyone can benefit.
Tighter copyright enforcement (3) creativity by financially
rewarding creators.
In an environment of lax sum (4) , creators will be discouraged
because…
It’s easy to cherry sum (5) examples but for most artists...
Too much copyright protection (6) creativity…
Songwriters are unable to reinterpret old classics because that would be an
(7) .
3 Describing Arguments
1. The idea that the new law will result in hospital closures is just a straw man
argument.
2. He has been accused of cherry picking evidence that shows economy
recovery.
3. Painting Stalin as some latter day Oliver Cromwell is a false analogy.
4. He responded with ad hominem attacks on the candidate’s supposed history
of tax avoidance rather than his tax policies.
5. Journalists are not as objective as they would like to believe. As with the rest
of us, they’re subject to confirmation bias.
6. It’s a false dilemma that universities either have to get more state funding or
raise tuition.
A. literally ‘at the man’, meaning attacking the person, not the person’s argument
B. an invented argument/claim which misrepresents the position of your
opponents, in order to attack them
C. a false reduction of choices to just two alternatives, often extreme positions
D. the tendency to favour information that supports one’s ideas
E. choosing only the best from a group, i.e. selecting cases that support your
position and ignoring those that don’t
F. an argument based on a comparison that is misleading and superficial
Science
111
Unit 9
Reading 1 The Square Kilometre Array
One of the greatest scientific projects of our age is

quietly underway in the Southern Hemisphere. The
Square Kilometer Array (SKA) is an international
radio telescope project involving 20 countries, but
concentrated in two core areas in remote desert
Artist’s impression of the SKA dishes.
Credit: SKA Organisation/TDP/DRAO/Swinburne regions of Australia and South Africa. Consisting
Astronomy Productions
of thousands of dishes (equivalent to a square
kilometer), the SKA will be the world’s largest ground-based telescope array. It will
help answer questions about galaxy formation, dark energy, Earth-like planets, and
the formation of black holes.
Construction of the SKA will commence in 2016 and it is expected to be fully

operational in 2024. It will be the world’s largest scientific instrument, have 10,000
times the survey speed of present radio telescopes, and be so sensitive that it will
be able to detect an airport radar on a planet 50 light years away.
The SKA will generate enormous amounts of data. As well as three thousand
15-metre dishes, there will be other types of radio wave receptors known as
aperture array antennas. One hundred and sixty Gigabits of data per second will
be transmitted from each radio dish to a central processor. Together the dishes will
produce ten times the current global Internet traffic. Add the data from the aperture
array receptors and the data rates will be 100 times current global Internet traffic!
Handling the data will require the processing power 50 times more powerful than
the most powerful supercomputer in 2010.
In 2012 the Australia Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) project began
operation. This is a cutting edge radio telescope project consisting of 36 antennas
dishes. A testbed for SKA technology, it will be incorporated into Phase One of SKA.
Science
Artist's impression of SKA low frequency aperture arrays.

112 Credit: SKA Organisation/TDP/DRAO/Swinburne Astronomy Productions
Unit 9
Vocabulary 2 Match the highlighted words with the correct definitions.

1. The Earth is in a galaxy called the Milky Way.
2. Redshifts reveal galaxy distances; the greater the redshift, the further the
galaxy.
3. Optical astronomy is the easiest branch for amateurs to become involved in.
4. Radio astronomy utilizes large radio antennas called radio telescopes.
5. The SKA will be the world’s largest telescope array.
6. Some scientists expect to find evidence of intelligent extraterrestrial life this
century.
7. The Big Bang is believed to have occurred about 13.75 billion years ago.
a. a large group of things, especially those positioned in a particular way

b. a very large group of stars
c. related to the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum
d. from Latin ‘beyond’ and ‘the Earth’
e. metallic devices for sending or receiving electromagnetic (usually radio) waves
f. the rapid expansion that most scientists believe created the universe
g. an apparent shift towards longer wavelengths (the red end of the spectrum) in
the radiation emitted by an object moving away from the observer
Listening 3 Section L1 Listening Practice Professor Peter Quinn

You are going to hear a slightly abridged version of
an interview with Professor Peter Quinn, Director
of the International Centre for Radio Astronomy
Research (ICRAR), in Perth, Western Australia. The
ICRAR is a collaboration between The University
of Western Australia and the Curtin University of
Technology. (Note: As with the other interviews, this one was recorded with voice
artists.)
Listen and answer questions 1–6.

1. Professor Quinn chose to work in Astronomy because…
a. he wanted to stay in Australia.
b. he thought he could make more of an impact.
c. his interest in the Big Bang.
Science
113
Unit 9
2. The main lesson he learnt from Professor Giacconi was the need to…
a. have multiple skills.
b. be a good communicator.
c. be a strong leader.
3. He says that radio astronomy allows…

a. observation of gases invisible to optical instruments.
b. cheaper collection of data.
c. us to observe redshifts.
4. What doesn’t Professor Quinn mention as a positive factor for achieving

ICRAR’s goals?
a. industry involvement
b. state support
c. a perfect location
5. According to Professor Quinn, SKA’s discoveries are most likely to be…

a. evidence of extraterrestrial life.
b. highly unpredictable in the short-term.
c. about early galaxy formation.
6. What are his hopes for ICRAR?

a. producing internationally minded scientists
b. instilling an ethos of teamwork
c. involvement in global science
Science
Artist’s impression of mid frequency aperture arrays.

114 Credit: SKA Organisation/TDP/DRAO/Swinburne Astronomy Productions
Unit 9
Idioms and 1 Complete the sentences by writing a word in each blank.

Proverbs 1. A bad workman his tools.
2. There’s no such thing as a free .
3. Good make good neighbours.
4. You can lead a horse to water, but you cannot make it .
5. He bought a wedding ring but he doesn’t have a girlfriend. Talk about
the cart before the horse.
6. Health, love, friendship and family are what really matter. The things
in life are free.
7. I’m not a team player. I’d much rather work on my own. I’m a firm believer in the
old adage that too many cooks the broth.
8. My mother went back to school and got her degree when she was in her fifties. As
they say, you’re never too old to .
9. Honestly, it was just a slip of the . You know, ‘Focker’ is not an easy
name to say.
10. Come on. If we all get stuck in, we’ll be finished in no time. Many hands make
work.
11. Three months after he went away to do his military service, he got a Dear John
letter from his girlfriend. It was a classic case of ‘Out of , out of mind’.
12. Does being polite really pay off? It seems that the complainers get more. From my
personal experience I would say that the squeaky gets the grease.
13. Don’t wait. This kind of opportunity doesn’t come along very often.
while the iron is hot.
14. I think the best course of action in this case is to say nothing. Silence is .
2 To hyphenate or not, is it email or e-mail?

Hyphenation is sometimes confusing. Often, as with ‘email’, a word can be
written with or without a hyphen. In English there’s a general trend toward non-
hyphenation. ‘Tomorrow’ was once written as ‘to-morrow’. In the early days of
the Internet, we used ‘e-mail’ but now ‘email’ is more common.
Science
115
Unit 9
Listening 1 Section L1 Listening Practice goCarShare

Drummond Gilbert (centre of the photograph) a former
accountant, came up with the idea for a ride-sharing
website after seeing long queues of cars with single
occupants. He founded goCarShare.com in 2009.
Listen to the interview with Drummond Gilbert and choose the best
answer for each question.
1. Car-sharing…
a. is primarily focused on saving money.
b. has become mainstream.
c. utilises simple Internet technology.
2. Drummond Gilbert says goCarShare’s use of Facebook…

a. provides a security check.
b. allows the matching of likeminded users.
c. ties in with a focus on special events.
3. How much do users pay drivers for a ride?

a. It varies, based on mutual agreement.
b. Ten pence per person per mile.
c. They use an AA chart to calculate the contribution.
4. What is goCarShare’s goal for its carbon footprint?

a. to be carbon neutral
b. to be carbon negative
c. to reduce annual carbon emissions by 7 tons
5. Drummond says that collaborative consumption…

a. leads to better use of our possessions.
b. breaks down barriers between strangers.
c. creates business opportunities for goCarShare.
6. What is goCarShare’s long-term goal?

a. To follow Facebook’s example of going public.
b. To use targeted advertising.
Science
c. To handle car share payments online.
116
Unit 9
2 Time Phrases
Question 6 asks about goCarShare’s ‘long-term goal’. When we listen to the
recording we should expect to hear about various goals, and we need to pay special
attention to the time phrases used.
The first time references are initially… and We are then keen to ‘do a Facebook’.
This is purposelessly misleading. The answer ‘going public’ is wrong; the reference
to Facebook is about growing the concept into other demographics (i.e. age groups)
rather than having the company go public.
Answer B is obviously wrong when we hear: In the short term we will use targeted
advertising.
That leaves C as the best answer, although we don’t get a close match to the
phrase ‘long-term goal’. The recording says: The next step will be, passengers will
pay the website, we’ll take a small transaction fee and pass the balance on to the
driver upon completion of the journey.
3 Collaborative Consumption
Gilbert Drummond is a keen supporter of the collaborative consumption
movement. His personal recommendations are: “crashpadder.com, which is a great
way to find somewhere to stay with a nice local when you are on your travels, and
housebites.com, which allows you to turn your house into a restaurant: guests can
search for dinner parties with different types of cuisine in their neighbourhood.”
Have you heard of these or any other collaborative consumption companies?
4 Trends
Complete sentences 1–5 with words in the box.
microfinance crowdsourcing crowd funding flash mob social media

1. Kickstarter is a website for the creative arts. It raises money for
things as diverse as indie films, comic books, stage shows and video games.
2. involves lending small amounts to businesses that don’t have
access to traditional banking services.
3. are Internet tools and platforms that people use to share content
and socialise, e.g. blogs, wikis, forums, Facebook.
4. Websites like Wikipedia rely on . This is when tasks are done by
a large group, especially an online community, rather than by traditional
employees.
5. A is a group of people who suddenly assemble, do some seemingly
pointless prearranged activity, and then quickly disperse.
Science
117
Unit 9
Reading Commonly Confused Words
Choosing answers for questions sometimes involves a choice between

similar looking words. Below are ten pairs of words that are often
confused. Circle the correct word in each sentence.
1. He was involved in an elicit / illicit gambling operation.

2. Rather than spoon-feed his students, he tries to elicit / illicit answers from
them.
3. Which pedal / peddle is the accelerator?

4. He made a living pedalling / peddling health supplements.
5. The only way through the mountains is by a dangerous and tortuous /

torturous road.
6. The busker’s singing was so tortuous / torturous that he was given money to
move on.
7. She asked me if I had trouble buying clothes. Was she trying to imply / infer
that I need to lose weight?
8. He tends to beat around the bush. You often have to imply / infer what he
means.
9. A hoard / horde of geeks descended on the Star Trek convention.

10. Grandpa has a secret hoard / horde of whisky bottles buried in the garden.
11. P lease close the doors. There’s a chilly draught / draft coming through the
room.
12. The publisher needs the draught / draft by the end of the month.
13. I feel embarrassed when people compliment / complement me on my

gorgeous hair.
14. I think you should compliment / complement your acting classes with some
basic singing lessons.
15. H is job is to provide legal council / counsel to foreign companies.

16. William’s path to power started with his election to the local council /
counsel.
17. A good nightclub bouncer has the ability to defuse / diffuse tense situations.
18. The photographer used a screen to defuse / diffuse the light.
19. T he officials were censured / censored for their excessive travel expenses.
20. The film will need to be censured / censored before it can be shown on
television.
Science
118
Unit 9
Section R1 Reading
For questions 1–5 read the extract from an article on the history of
Western medicine and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best answers
each question.
The guiding philosophy of ancient Greek medicine was the Four Humours. The body was
believed to contain four basic substances: blood, yellow bile, black bile, and phlegm.
These humours corresponded to seasons, organs, and personality traits. A doctor would
diagnose illness in terms of an imbalance of humours. A ‘bad-humoured’ patient suffering
from too much blood would need to be bled. An excess of bile would require purging
either by vomiting or by the taking of a laxative. With things in balance, the patient would
now be ‘good-humoured’.
Even as Europe embraced science and underwent the Industrial Revolution, its medicine
still clung to ancient humoural practices, only this time – instead of the relatively passive
treatments of medieval times – the industrial age called for a more aggressive approach.
The period, roughly 1780 to 1860, is known as the Age of Heroic Medicine. Heroism was
very much required by patients as the cure was often worse than the disease.
The old humour-balancing techniques of bloodletting, purging, and blistering can be

seen at work in the death of George Washington. In 1799, two-and-a-half years after
completing his second term as president and aged 67, Washington came down with
a severe throat infection. Two days later he was dead. His ‘treatment’ had involved
blistering, doses of calomel (toxic mercury chloride), and doses of tartar emetic (a
poisonous crystalline compound) that produced ‘copious discharge from the bowels’.
Worst of all, he had endured multiple bloodlettings totalling about 3.75 litres over a 10-
hour period.
Bloodletting died out in the West in the nineteenth century with the rise of scientific
medicine, but a visual legacy of sorts lives on in the red-and-white-striped poles of
barbershops. Barbers performed bloodletting, and the striped poles were a symbol of
this, the red representing blood and the white representing bandages.
1. Which word or phrase in paragraphs c. He was poisoned.

1 or 2 best describes the invasive d. He was bled to death.
nature of the treatments?
a. purging 4. What example of a laxative is given?
b. heroic a. blistering
c. aggressive b. striped poles
d. passive c. tartar emetic
d. bloodletting
2. Which word from paragraphs 1 or 2
has an additional meaning of ‘calm- 5. According to the article, during
ness of temperament’? which period were medical treat-
a. bile ments most drastic?
b. phlegm a. Ancient Greek times
c. good-humoured b. The late 18th to mid-19th
d. humoural century
c. The nineteenth century
3. What does the writer imply about d. Medieval times
George Washington’s death?
a. It was heroic. (Note: the R1 section in the actual Masters
Science
b. It was a case of medical mal- exam has two extracts and a total of ten
practice. questions)
119

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STEP TO

NOT FOR RESALE John Ross

We hope that you enjoy this sample book.

CEO Anglia Examinations

For the revised &

18 Unit 3: Numbers and Colours

42 Unit 7: Days of the Week

54 Unit 9: My Happy face

60 Unit 10: Review

65 Anglia Sample Paper

How old are you?

Happy birthday! How old are you?

boy girl baby

Find the words.

brother father mother sister man woman boy girl

Good morning. Hello. Hi.

Say the alphabet.

draw circle colour

write read look

For the revised &

16 Unit 2: Days and Months

40 Unit 5: Our House

80 Unit 10: Review

86 Anglia Sample Paper

Vocabulary Fruit and Vegetables

apple banana lemon orange peach pear carrot potato tomato

Vocabulary: Things in the Kitchen

bowl cup fork glass knife plate Food

1 Write the correct word under the picture.

milk juice tea coffee water lemonade

2 Now complete the sentences with the words.

1. We have a lot of lemon trees in our garden. Sometimes Mum makes .

Spelling Spelling Practice

Unscramble the food words.

1. aizpz 4. eahcp 7. mtoato

Spelling Crossword: Food

1 Write the words.

eat an apple / salad / breakfast

2 Match the sentences and pictures. Write the words.

Test Practice Section D

Write the word.

Example: She is walking to the bookshop.

1. The boys are in the garden. are playing volleyball.

2. The dogs running in the park.

3. Steve writing a story.

5. Today is birthday. She’s ten years old.

Questions & Match the questions and answers.

Section D Grammar Practice

Write am, is, or are.

Personal 1 Read the sentences.

My brother likes sport. He plays football.

2 Match the sentences.

1. My name is Tony. a. She is nice.

Speaking Talking about Yourself

Match the questions and answers.

1. What colour are your eyes? A. Joe. He’s in my class.

Write the answers

JOIN OUR COOKING CLUB

Please write clearly.

apple banana lemon orange peach pear  carrot potato tomato