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Larsen & Toubro

Welcomes you
L & T offers end to end solution …..

MV Panel LV Panel

Energy
Main Monitoring
Distribution Solution
Harsh
Industrial Environment
Control Solution
Load Centers
Power Energy
Automation Final
Distribution Saving PQ Solution
Scada Distribution
Solution

Product Service
Availability Training R&D CIC
Back up
Indian operating conditions

Poor
Maintenance
Building Efficiency & RLLEMeliabiLELlity

New Installation

Execucation Running/Maintains

Solution with LEM Maintains/Expension/Mordinisation


Switchboard performance contributing Factors

Bus Bus Design


Joint

Link Cross Section Ventilation

Terminal Ambient
Connections

Product

Internal Enclosure Size


Design

TYPICAL PANEL SIDE ELEVATION


Reliability of Switchboard

Right Switchgear
Selection
Busbar
Support

Panel & Room


Ventilation Environment
For Maximizing Retrofit Business
We need to provide the most techno commercial solution & provide
value proportion to customer i.e do the : -

• Optimum selection of the product after understanding customers


exact requirement & not by the existing installation.

• Minimise his retrofit cost & time.

• Today in this session we will be touching on the ways to minimize the


retrofit cost so that the overall profitability of our ASC , CP & Co.
improves.
• We will also be touching upon some important factors which can help
us in maximizing the retrofit business .
Typical Case Of Retrofit

To start with we will be taking up the below case & calculate


its cost with different options ,assuming that :-

a)A 4pole breaker of 1600A.

b)Length of busbar from the top terminal to the main busbar -1.5m

Bus Bus Design


c)Length of O/G busbar - 1m
Joint
Link Cross Section Ventilation

d) Runs of busbar Terminal Ambient


Connections
75mm x 12mm -2 Runs Product
(60mm x 10mm -3 Runs)
Internal Enclosure Size
Design
e)Length of Retrofill links or the max. difference
In Depth of two breakers - 0.4m
Option 1-Retrofitting the breaker by replacing the busbars upto the
first joint
Complete Links being
replaced
In this option Existing complete breaker
(i.e fixed & moving part ) is removed
from the switchboard & the new one
Is installed by replacing the complete
busbars.

Complete Link Being replaced


Option 1- Busbar Cost Calculations (Using density )

Complete
Total cost Links being
considering replaced
No. of Weight in Total wastage,tra
Thicknessruns of (kg) - Cost w/onsportation
Bus bar Length- Width- Length -
Phase - Busbar M=LxWxTmargin& payment
Detail L(mm)W(mm) TL=Lx N
T(mm) / Phase xNx0.0027 @350 terms -
-N /1000 Rs/ Kg Margin of
25% of asc

ACB Top R 1500 75 12 2 3000 7.29


terminal Y 1500 75 12 2 3000 7.29
to main
B 1500 75 12 2 3000 7.29
bus bar
terminat
ion N 1500 75 12 1 1500 3.65
18605
14,884
R 1000 75 12 2 2000 4.86
ACB
lower Y 1000 75 12 2 2000 4.86
Terminal B 1000 75 12 2 2000 4.86
to O/G
N 1000 75 12 1 1000 2.43 Complete Link
Total 17500 42.53 Being replaced
Option 1-Busbar Cost Calculations (Using Busbar Kg/ Meter Chart)

The above prices can also be verified using Busbar Kg/Meter chart :-

For a 60mm x 10 mm busbar bus bar weight in Kg /meter of run of


busbar is 1.6 Kg / m .

Hence for a length of 27.5 meter Weight =27.5 x 1.6=44Kg &


price for 44Kg of Al, at a cost of Rs. 350/Kg would be = 44x350
= Rs 15,400/-

• For Cu one needs to take density of 0.008906 grams/ Cubic mm


Busbar Weight Calculation Chart
Option 2-Replacing the breakers using Retrofill Technique

In this option Existing breaker


is removed from the
switchboard & the new one
Is installed using a pre-
designed busbar i.e without
disturbing the existing busbar .
Retrofill Solution for CN-CS with Omega

A
CN CS To Omega – Retrofitting Kit

• Retrofit Links
• Retrofit Adaptors
• Mounting Plate
• Hardware
• Terminal Row
• Control Wires
• Door Cut-out plan
• Guidelines for
retrofitting
Retrofill Solution of GE -Mpact
Retrofill Solution of GE -Mpact
GE Mpact To C Power/Omega – Retrofitting Kit solution
Pattern
Biggest Retrofit Order as on date from M/s MRPL Mangalore of 1.8 Cr for Retrofitting of
99 no. GE breakers with a retrofitting kit solution duration of just 5 Days
Option 2-Replacing the breakers without disturbing the existing busbars
& using Al Busbars

Total cost
No. of Weight considering
Total
runs in wastage,tran
Length Cost
Thickne of (kg) - sportation &
Bus bar Length- Width- - w/o
Phase ss- Busba M=LxW payment
Detail L(mm)W(mm) TL= Lx margin
T(mm) r/ xTxNx0. terms -
N @350
Phase 0027/10 Margin of
Rs/ Kg
-N 00 25% of asc

ACB Top R 400 75 12 2 800 1.94


terminal Y 400 75 12 2 800 1.94
to main B 400 75 12 2 800 1.94
bus bar
termina N 400 75 12 1 400 0.97
tion 5954
4,763
ACB R 400 75 12 2 800 1.94
lower Y 400 75 12 2 800 1.94
Termina B 400 75 12 2 800 1.94
l to O/G N 400 75 12 1 400 0.97
Total 5200 13.61
Other Cost Elements (Approx. Costing )

Total Cost for


Total Cost for
Option -
Item Details Qty. Rate / Unit Option -
Complete
Retrofit Kit
Replacement

Busbar cost for 1600A breaker 18605 5954


Busbar Sleeve (Length in Meters ) 17.5 50 875 437.5
Bubar Insulator/Mica Sheet 16 70 1120 560
Ms Support 4 500 2000 2000

Hardware - HT Bolts, Nuts & Washer 16 50 800 800


Doors 1 2500 2500 2500
Normal Wiring -Involves No Change in Interlocking
1 2500 2500 2500
Scheme
Labour cost for Installation of 1600A breaker. It varies
based on breaker rating & location of asc & scope of 1 20000 20000 15000
work. Kindly cross-check with the asc .
Local Transportation of retrofit material 2000 1000
Total Retrofitting Cost when complete cross section of
50400 30751.5
busbar needs to be replaced
Comparison of Different Options
Factors
Total Cost for Option
Complete Replacement Retrofit Kit
Retrofit Time Maximum Least
Labour Cost Maximum Least
Material Cost Maximum Least
Engineering Basic Detailed
Skill req. for Highly Skilled Skilled
execution
Joint near breaker No Extra Joint Min. one Joint
terminal
Limitations No limitation of rating, Generally for ratings upto
New breaker should be 3200A or lower & breaker
lower or equal depth should be lower
dimension.
Overall Preference For Up-gradation & Most preferred option for
or Use when customer wants lower ratings.
no joint & no rating
change or heating.
Other Points which needs consideration
while doing retrofit
Busbar Material

IACS (International Annealed Copper Standard)

100% Conductivity means

Resistivity = 1.72 X 10-8 m

Example :

Aluminum - (IS 5082)

Grade 19501 : 60% IACS Resistivity = [(1.72 X 10-8 )X100] / 60 = 2.86 X 10-8 m

Grade 63401 : 55% IACS Resistivity= [(1.72 X 10-8 )X100] / 55 = 3.13 X 1

Copper - Grade ETP - IS 1897

99% IACS Resistivity = [(1.72 X 10-8 )X100] / 99 = 1.73 X 10-8 m

Higher Less Less Heat


Conductivity Resistance
Busbar selection as per the IS/ IEC selection chart

RANGE OF TEST COPPER BARS AS PER


ALUMINIUM BARS AS PER IS:13947-2
CURRENT* IEC:60947-2

DIMENSIONS DIMENSIONS Area in


(A) Nos. Nos.
(mm) (mm) Sq. mm

400 - 500 2 30 X 5 2 32 X 8 512


500 - 630 2 40 X 5 2 40 X 8 640
630 - 800 2 50 X 5 2 50 X 8 800
800 - 1000 2 60 X 5 2 50 X 10 1000
1000 - 1250 2 80 X 5 2 63 X 12 1512
1250 - 1600 2 100 X 5 4 50 X 8 1600
1600 - 2000 3 100 X 5 3 100 X 10 3000
2000 - 2500 4 100 X 5 4 100 X 10 4000
2500 - 3150 3 100 X10 4 150 X 10 6000
Busbar System Requirements

Rated
Current

Tracking

Protection
against Abnormal
Dust & condition
conducting current
deposits

Protection
against
Vermin,
Falling tools
& hardware Arcing Faults
Breaker to be mounted on channels & perforated sheet for air
circulation plus for replacing the racking assembly from the
bottom of the cradle
Dimension in particular width of New breaker should be generally lower than the
width of the breaker installed earlier plus a clearance on either side for
maintenance. Also check for customer acceptance related to it.
Clearance b/w Phases plus Bolt Insertion needs to be considered
while selecting the runs of busbar

Clearances b/w
Phases

Phase to phase - 25 mm

Phase to Neutral - 19 mm

Significantly higher clearance than prescribed by IEC61439-2 (14 mm)

Ensures unmatched safety avoiding fault creation due to external objects


Bus-Bar Supports
❑ A minimum two supports should be provided in order to prevent
the weight of links on ACB terminals:
- The first one before a maximum distance of 100-150 mm
- More supports should be provided after a stretch of 100-
150 mm at regular intervals so as to avoid stresses
in the bus-bar system during short circuit

BUS BAR SUPPORT


SHOULD BE PROVIDED
WITHIN 100-150mm
Maximum 100-150
mm
NEW DOOR CHANGED DURING RETROFITING

`
BUS BAR CHANGED …….Sq.mm

NEW TYPE BUS BAR WITH


OLD TYPE BUS BAR SHROUD
NEW WIRING Scope….

WIRE WERE ADDED TO WIRE CHANGES WERE DONE


MATCH NEW L&T ACB AS PER NEW SCHEME
Insulating support – Desirable properties

Non Flamable
High Comparative Tracking
Index - CTI
Non Hygroscopic properties
Insulation Busbar

➢ Minimizes Occurrences
of Arcing Faults

➢ Arrests Spread of Arcing if at


all Fault Occurs

➢ Protection to personnel against


direct contact with busbar.
PVC Sleeves Silicon Sleeves
Other General Points which needs to be remembered before
undertaking any retrofit job
• Welding & cutting if any required at the site may not be possible.
• Hardware used at the breaker terminal should be of HT grade .
• Ventilation system in the panel & panel room.
• Use Silicon Insulation Sleeves to prevent & arrest arcing faults
plus protection against direct contact with busbars.
• Consider required accessory like CT,PT,TNC,Meter, Busbar
length,Bus Material,Panel door,panel painting,Ventilattaion
arrangement, Work of scope of control wiring, Any interlocking
scheme etc.
Maximizing Retrofit Business
• Target customers having obsolete breakers like CNCS , M-pact ,
Spectronic , Une-pact ,3WE ,3WN Pulsar etc .

• Focus on MV retrofit cases as there is a huge potential in this. Major


challenge No Direct replacement available.

• Promote CNCS- Omega ready made retrofit kit in govt. & PSU’s
having majority of the installation like IOCL,NTPC,ONGC, GAIL,
NLC,NAPP etc for getting propriety orders thru ESP & ESE both
depending on value .

• Promote Drive,Smart com & other integration solutions like


surveillance etc in Industry thru C & A support.
Maximizing Retrofit Business

• Promote complete solutions of Arc Flash Protection devices i.e PGR-


8800.

• Promote Temperature protection available in Omega in Industries as


it is a need of any professional Industry & available only with us.

• Promote motor protection solutions like MPR200,MPR300,MM10 & M-


COMP.

• Focus on replacement of conventional protection relays to numerical


relays .

• Promote Special purpose breakers & Switches like HE - breakers &


FN switches.
Maximizing Retrofit Business
• Promote Harmonic Mitigation Solutions.

• Optimise the retrofit cost using Retrofill solutions available with us


or developed locally.

• Standardization of Retrofit offers with detailed specs & scope of


work to avoid mistakes etc.

• Standardization of format for capturing Retrofit Data so that


minimum time is spend in Reporting.

• Focus on all the market segments.


Maximizing Retrofit Business

• Offer as a complete package to increase the profitability . Also in


this case price of items will not be disclosed at the first instance.
• Timely response to retrofit leads directly or thru channel partners.

• Timely execution of retrofit job using latest tools & tackles.

• Collect Performance certificates from all possible sites as it helps


in getting further orders.

• Take photos while executing the job so that customers gets a feel
of our strength as seeing is believing.
Retrofitting of Feeder Protection Relays in LV & MV Systems

New nX series

One Numerical Feeder Protection Relay.


Existing many Over and Earth Fault protection – 50, 51, 50N, 51N.
Electromechanical relays Universal Aux. Supply - 24 – 220 VAC/ DC
1 / 5 Amp site selectable
TMS - 0.01 – 1.6
Last 30 records with Date and Time stamping
With or without RS485 Port

42
Retrofitting of Motor Protection Relays in LV &MV Systems

Existing Electromechanical/ Numerical Motor Protection relays like Mini


Static/ Thermal OL relays: -MRR300,Compact - MM10 & Comprehensive
-MM30

43
Arc Flash

Dangers Costs
▪ Fires ▪ Collateral damage
▪ Burns ▪ Equipment replacement
▪ Injury ▪ Downtime
▪ Loss of ▪ Labour
Life
Arc Flash Relay

Point Sensor

Fiber Optic
Sensor
Smart Communication
SmartComm – Typical System Configuration
Elements of Smart Communication
Support
Real Time Monitor &
Multiple
Communication Control
Protocol

Graphical /
Customize SLD Trend Analysis
Mimic View

Customize Alarms / Events


Web Client
Reports – SMS / Email
Typical Layout of Smart communication software
Effect of Corrosive environment

Physical Appearance
Product Performance
Blackening of
exposed silver Life / Usage
Overheating
surface.
Flashover Reduced life of
electrical equipment's.
Frequent maintenance
of electrical
equipment.
Replacement of
product.
Effect of Corrosive environment

Overheating of joints

Terminal block
Effect of Corrosive environment

➢Whiskers formation leading to flash over of the product.

After Two months


Industries emitting corrosive gases
Alternate solutions …..

Placing Sealed Elect Placing the


Scheduled equipment Application of
Electrical equipment in anti corrosive
Maintenance / room specially
Equipment plating on
Inspection of maintained designed
away from current
Electrical with +ve enclosure for
corrosive carrying
.
Equipment pressure that
Environment surface.
source of environment
clean air

Merit – Merit – Merit –


Merit – Corrosion
Corrosion Corrosion Corrosion
protection protection protection,
protection No Capital
Demerits – cost, No
Demerits – Demerits – frequent
Demerits – Specially
Frequency of Require maintenance
Require High designed
maintenance Capital
Capital enclosure
is required Investment
Investment required
Anti Corrosion Solution from L&T
C-Power HE breaker and HE SDF

Switch Disconnector Fuse


C-Power Breaker – HE version (SDF) Type FN – HE version
Retrofit Opportunities :-

Opportunities
• Replacing conventional starters
• Replacing Old Drives of any make
• Better drives for harsh environments due to
conformal coating
Busbar Trunking System Vs Exisiting Cable

Features:
-Sandwich type Busbars available up to
the range 6300A
-Standard epoxy coating as insulation
material which provides 100% water
proofing & high mechanical strength
-Insulation class F
- MV range upto 33 KV
- Air Insulated bus duct upto 400 Amps
Energy Saving / Management
Industry Variable speed drive systems
⧫ Oil & gas ⧫ Variable frequency AC drives
⧫ Slip Power Recovery Systems
⧫ Power ⧫ DC drives conversion to AC
Drives
Major Applications :
⧫ Chemical
• Cranes
• Roller Table
⧫ Iron & Steel
• Conveyors
• Agitators
⧫ Cement • Process fans
• Pumps
⧫ Paper • Rotary Kiln
Advantages of AC over DC…
DC Drives AC Drives
The Power circuit and control circuits are The power circuit and control circuits are
simple & inexpensive complex

It requires frequent maintenance Less maintenance required

These problems are not there. Motors are


The commutation makes the motor bulky,
inexpensive, particularly the squirrel cage
costly and heavy
motor
Speed and design rating are limited due to Speed and design rating have no upper
commutation limits.
It is used in certain locations only It can be used in all locations.

Fast response and wide speed range are


smoothly achieved by conventional method AC Drives control the speed range is wide
and solid state control

The line conditions are very poor. ie, Poor


The line power factor is better with AC
power factor, harmonic distortion of the
Drives
current
Application Snapshot …
DC to AC VFD solution – Skip Winch for Blast Furnace of SAIL

Stock house Skip Pit


Retrofit Solution for FB to FN for 250 To 630A

65
Power Management
PMS Functionality Advanced Modules

Energy
Accounting

▪ Energy Accounting Groups


▪ Annual/Daily Consumption Budget
▪ Saving Target

▪ Energy Tracking
▪ Total consumption and saving calculations
▪ User configurable groups
▪ Graphical representation of energy

- Assist to operator to identify areas for energy


saving
- Planning for minimize energy consumption
Page 69
Copyright© July 2011 L&T Control & Automation
PMS Functionality Advanced Modules

Load
Profiling

▪ Power consumption pattern monitoring


with respect to time
▪ Energy/power consumption details in
every tariff zones
▪ Comparison of Energy profiles for different
loads

Assist to operator to reschedule load


economically in a particular tariff zone

Page 70
Copyright© July 2011 L&T Control & Automation
Management Information System
MIS Solutions…
• Surveilance

iVisionmax-VAS TM - Video Analytics Solution


Security & Surveillance Drivers
• Terrorist attacks • Border Security
• Increase in crimes • Traffic Management
• Enforcement of laws • Smart and Safe Cities
• Increase productivity • Resource optimization
• Remote Management • Forensic evidence
PLANT MODERNISATION
RELAYS & SUBSTATION AUTOMATION RETROFIT
Substation
Automation
Retrofit
Solutions
Typical System Structure

Control Room
• Centralized Control & Monitoring System

Level 3
• Centralized SCADA System
• Distributed Control System
• IPCS / ENMCS Summary Node

• Integrated Motor Control System

Substation
Level 2
• Data Concentrator System
• PLC / RTU
• IPCS / ENMCS Local Node

• EHV/HV/MV/LV Switchgear IEDs/ DI / DO /


AI
FIELD/SS
Level 1
• Variable Speed Drive
• AC/DC UPS
• Third Party Communicable Devices
• Field Instruments
- Integrated System Solution…
We are Catering to….

UTILITY & INFRA


OIL & GAS DEFENSE

OFFSHORE POWER
Typical SCADA Screenshots

State Overview with


cumulative data and
navigation for Districts

Dashboard status for


individual locations
Thermal Imaging

• Capture Thermal Images of all major Electrical Panels


• In case of any abnormality – check outgoing & incoming
feeders
• Check for overheating due
to overload, unbalance,
mechanical failure …..etc
Thermal Imaging
Overheating of Bearing problem …..
gland plate due to heat transferring
Eddy current loss … into the coupling on
the right side

Identify the loose Predictive maintenance (PdM)


connections… helps ensure the quality by
enhancing the reliability of
substations
Harmonic Mitigation

Building Reliability
through
Reactive Power
Management ….
Types of Loads
Linear Loads Non-Linear Loads

Loads which have a linear voltage current Loads which have a non linear voltage
characteristics are called linear loads. current characteristics are called
Examples: Resistive loads, Capacitors, non linear loads.
Induction motors, Filament lamps. Examples: Variable speed drives,
Inverters, UPS, Television sets, PCs,
Semiconductors circuits, Welding sets,
Arc furnaces.
Non Linear Load

D.C.
Drives

UPS VFDs
Non
Linear
Loads

Welding Arc
Sets Furnace
Causes
Effects of Harmonic
Over – Heating of Equipments
• Increased neutral currents (due to triple-N harmonics) and
eddy currents (at high frequencies) causes over heating of
neutral conductors, transformers, busbars, cables and
switchgear

Over – Stressing of PFC Capacitors


• As capacitors offer low impedance to higher frequencies,
large harmonic current results in capacitor damage leading
to overload and premature failure of PFC capacitors

Interference with Metering & Control System


• Metering devices can wrongly estimate non-sinusoidal
current and lead to frequent or non-tripping of protective
relays and circuit breakers
AHF – Main Features

Harmonic Filtering

Phase Balancing

Reactive
Compensation

30 Amp to 600 Amp – 3 Phase 3 wire & 4 wire


Retrofitting opportunities

❑ Replacing existing Capacitors with


525 volts capacitors & Detuned Reactors
❑ Modification of existing APFC
❑ Installation of Active Harmonic Filter
❑ Installation of New APFC

How to go about it
❑ Check the utility bill for PF
❑ Identify the opportunities
❑ Find out whether any notice has received from EB (MSEDCL & TNEB)
❑ Ask for Harmonic Study Report
❑ If study is not done, ASC can conduct the study on chargeable basis
❑ Techno commercial proposal to be submitted for complete project
▪ No PF Incentive
▪ PF >0.95 lead will
be considered as lag PF
▪ KWh – 1241160
▪ KVAh – 1247580
▪ Extra Charge – 6420 @ Rs 7/-
Rs 44,940/-

104
105
• Automation for Quality Improvement
Equipment based Applications
Ring Frame

PLC – Data Processor


Input Data

Perfect Cop Shape

AC VFD
Lifting Gear Driving Motor
Motor Controller
Box

Scope:
AC Drive for Spinning Motor
Switchgear
PLC
HMI
Process based Applications
Cold Storage system
Building wall
Expansion
Valve
Accumulator
Insulated Cold Storage Room
CO2 sensor &
Exhaust Ammonia Pump
Ceiling Fan
Evaporator unit
Liquid
Receiver
Chamber-1
RH Sensor & Humidifier

Temperature Temperature
Sensor Sensor Condenser

CO2 sensor &

Exhaust & Fresh


Exhaust

Air Inlet
Temperature
Sensor Compressor
Rice Mill Process…
Retrofit job in M/s DLF City Centre, Delhi where 7no. ACBs were
retrofitted in an interruption of just 8 Hrs
Total Retrofit Enquiries in hand as on date (Cumulative)

Switch PLC +
Branch ACB & Release MCCB M V Breakers Drive & Softstarter Switches Relays RPM Meters Contactor BBT Others Total
board SCADA
Qty. Value Qty. Value Qty. Value Qty. Value Value Value Value Value Value Value Value Value Value Value
Delhi 96.00 140.00 27.00 10.00 26.00 30.00 18.00 10.00 12.00 20.00 5.00 0 10.00 0 0 0 0 237
Ghaziabad 50.00 48.00 10.00 4.00 4.00 8.00 2.00 1.00 5.00 0.00 0.00 0 8.00 0 0 0 0 74
Jaipur 44.00 42.00 5.00 2.00 16.00 28.00 8.00 4.00 5.00 30.00 18.00 0 4.00 0 0 0 0 133
Zone Total 190 230 42 16 46 66 28 15 22 50 23 0 22 0 0 0 0 444

No. of Enquiries 134 37 19 20 16 10 9 0 20 0 0 0 0 265


4/13/2020 Electrical & Automation Operating Company 114
PCC(Power Control Centre) – IEC 61439 Compliant
Operation 380-690 V AC
Voltage

Rated 50 / 60 Hz
Frequency

Short time Up to 100kA, 1s


withstand

Rated 1000 V
Insulation
Voltage

Rated Up to 6300A
Current

Form of Form3B,
Separation Form4A, Form4B

Degree of IP 54
protection IP 42
Motor Control Centre(MCC)- IEC 61439 Compliant
Operation 380-690 V AC Key Features :
Voltage
» Closed door operations

Rated 50 / 60 Hz
Frequency
» Wide ranging safety interlocks

Short time upto 100kA, 1s


» Restricted access

withstand » Arc resistant design

Rated 1000 V » Superior Ingress protection


Insulation
Voltage » Highest level of internal separation –
Form 4b
Rated upto 6300A
Current » Double deck patented bus system

Form of Form3B, » Touch proof design


Separation Form4A, Form4B

Degree of IP 54
protection IP 42
Fixed Distribution Board - IEC 61439 Compliant

Operation 380-690 V AC
Voltage
Rated 50 / 60 Hz
Frequency
Short time 50 kA, 1s
withstand
Peak 105 kA
withstand
Rated upto 4000A
Current
Form of Form3B,
Separation Form4A, Form4B
Degree of IP 54 (< 2500A)
protection IP 42 (> =2500A)
Aditya Tyagi(LEM-ESP)
M:8400160333 Email:aditya.tyagi@Lntebg.com

4/13/2020 Electrical & Automation Operating Company 119

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