Conditional Clauses (Orações Condicionais)

If = se

Unless = If ... not = a menos que

 First Conditional -  Exprime : ago que acontecerá de certeza

If + present Future/can (will + infinitive)

or, (can + infinitive)

Second  Conditional – Exprime uma condição hipotética. Algo improvável de

If + past simple Conditional (would + infinitive)

Or, (could + infinitive)

Third  Conditional – Exprime uma situação impossível de acontecer. 

If + past perfect Conditional Perfect

(had + past participle) (would have + past participle

1. If he eats too much                             a. he gets a bike

2. We’ll go to the beach only if                b. she will go on holiday

3. We’ll go faster if we                            c. we’ll have to call a doctor

4. If she passes her exams                    d. it’s warm and sunny

5. He’ll be happier if                                e. he’ll be probably get stomach ache

6. If he’s got a temperature,                    f. we take the train.

B . Use the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

1. What will you do, if you ___________________________ (win) the lottery?

3. We  can  have lunch in the park, if it _______________________ (not/rain)

4. If you are hungry, we __________________________ (go) to a restaurant.

5. If I _________________________  (see) Paul, I would have told him to go home.

6. I ___________________________ (invite) you, for a drink  if I didn’t feel so  tired.

7. He would  pass the exam, if he ______________________ (study) more.

8. If he had been more careful, he _____________________  (avoid) the accident.

C. Follow the example and  rewrite as indicated below - 1st Conditional 

Example:  Don't  keep making noise, or I’ll call the headmaster.   

                   I'll call the headmaster, if ...

 1. I don’t talk to John because he doesn’t apologize.

      ......................................, if he apologises.

 2. He doesn't help you because you don't ask him.

        He ................................................, if you ask him.

 3. You don't get the best seats because you don't arrive early.

       If you arrive early, you .....

  4. He makes mistakes. He is not promoted.

      If he doesn’t make mistakes, he ...

  5. Peter wants to go to the match. He goes alone.

      If Peter wants to go to the match, he .... .

D. Rewrite as indicated below -  2nd. Conditional

1. I don't buy a new video camera because I don't have enough money.

 If I had enough money, I ...

2. He doesn't invest much, that's why he is not a successful manager.

He would be a successful manager, if ....

3. You don't give up drinking. You don't feel well.

If you ..... , you would feel much better.

I would do my homework, if I ....

5. He only did that because you pushed him

He wouldn’t do that if you ....

6. The dog didn't bite the girl because the owner stopped it.

The dog ................................................ if the owner didn’t stop it.

7. You  missed the lesson. The teacher reprehended  you.

The  teacher wouldn’t reprehend  you if you ....

E. Rewrite as indicated below - 3rd conditional

 1. You didn't arrive early. You missed the train.

    If you had arrived earlier, you ...

 2. I didn't hear the weather forecast. So, I didn't bring the umbrella.

    If I had heard the weather forecast,...

3. You spent the night at the pub. You didn't study much.

    If you hadn’t spent all night at the pub, you....

4. You didn't take your raincoat. That's why you got wet.

   If you............................................ , you wouldn’t have got wet.

5. She didn't give you a box of chocolates because she didn't know it was your birthday.

  If she had known it was your birthday, she....

 6. You didn't spend he holidays with us, that's why you didn't enjoy yourself a lot.

 7. If you  ................................................................, you would have enjoyed yourself a lot.

F. Use the verbs in brackets in the correct tense.

1.You will have to go to bed earlier if you ______________ (start) work at 8.

2.You ___________ (have) to take a taxi if you are in a hurry.

3.If you ___________ (give) up smoking, you would feel better.

4.If I _____________ (be) you, I wouldn’t do it.

5.They will  probably  pass the exam if they ___________ (study) hard.

7.If you ___________ (come) to see the film, you would have enjoyed it.

8.Who _____________ (you/phone) if you had a problem?

9.If it ___________ (be) warm and sunny  tomorrow, we will go to the beach.

G. Rewrite these sentences as indicated below.

1. I didn’t phone them because I didn’t have their phone number.

If I had their phone number, I ….

2. We missed the train because we  were late.

We wouldn’t miss the train, if …

3. Mum had run out of sugar and flour, so she couldn’t make me a cake.

If Mum hadn’t run out ….

4. Mum went to the garden and let  dinner burn.

If Mum didn’t go to the garden, …

5. They went to Gill’s party and met her parents.

If they hadn’t gone to Gill’s party, …

6. I don’t visit you this afternoon because I don’t have time.

If I have time, I ….

7. He doesn’t phone now. I don’t wait for him.

If  he doesn’t phone now,  …

8. I don’t have a house in the country because I’m not rich.

If I were rich, I …

H.  1st; 2nd; 3rd Conditional - Re-write as indicated below

1. We rejected the offer because they didn't clarify their position.

If they  had clarified ___________________________________.

2.  I don't sell my car because  they don't pay much money for it.

If  they paid more money for my car ______________________

3. I'm sure you didn't leave your watch in my house, because I didn't find it.
If you had left  your watch in my house, _____________

5. Be careful, or you'll get hurt.

You'll get hurt, if you  ____________________________

6. She didn't give me the ring , because she didn't find it.

If she had found the ring, _____________________________

7. You don't feel better because you don't take much exercise.

If you took more exercise, _____________________________

8. She didn't apply for the job, because she didn't know about it.

If she had known about it, she __________________________

I - Re-write the following , building conditional sentences (1st, 2nd, 3rd conditionals)

1.      You must write the test carefully, not to repeat it all again.

If you write _________________________________________

2.      Hurry up or you'll miss the train.

You'll miss the train, if ________________________________

3.      John doesn’t drive carefully. He has had too many accidents.

If John drove __________________________________________

4.      The weather isn't fine. We can't go to the beach.

If the weather was _____________________________________

5.      You didn't go to the party. I didn't dance with you.

If you had gone _______________________________________

6.      You don't spend your holiday in Spain. You don't learn how to dance the flamenco.

If you spent __________________________________________

7.      She didn't take my advice. She didn't feel happy.

She would have felt ____________________________________

8.      You must run to catch the train.

If you don’t run, _______________________________________

10.  They have to work harder, to succeed.

J. Rewrite using Unless

1.If you don’t bring the money, I won’t  buy you the tickets.

    Unless ...

2. If you don’t read your messages, you won’t receive e-mail greetings.

   Unless ...

3. If  we didn’t walk faster, we wouldn’t get there in time.

   Unless ...

4. If  you didn’t arrive early, you wouldn’t get the best seats.

  Unless...

5. If you don’t try harder, you’ll never succeed.

  Unless ...

6. If the weather doesn’t get better, I’ll stay at home.

  Unless ...

7. You won’t arrive on time if you don’t hurry.

Unless...

8. This theatre will close if they don’t get a subsidy.

Unless ...

9. If they hadn’t lent me the money, I wouldn’t have bought the house.

Unless ...

10. You don’t come with me. I won’t go to the party.

Unless ...

K - Rewrite as indicated below - Unless

1.      If I don't have to work late, I'll see you tomorrow.

I'll see you tomorrow, unless I __________________________

2.      If she doesn't ask me, I will not tell Sue what you said.

Unless she ________________________________________

Unless  I __________________________________________

4.      We must hurry not to be late.

Unless  we _______________________________________

5.      I was told I had to work hard to pass the exam.

I was told unless I worked ___________________________

6. Children are only allowed to use the swimming pool if they are with an adult.

Unless .they ______________________________________

7.      The doctor will not see you today, if it is not an emergency.

Unless it  _________________________________________

8.      I don't go to the party, if you don't come with me.

Unless  you  _______________________________________

9.      He'll only answer if you ask him a question.

Unless  you ________________________________________

10.  I'll only help you if you ask me to.

Unless you _________________________________________

L- Rewrite as follows - 1st, 2nd, 3rd conditionals; unless

1. Jane doesn't arrive on time. I don't talk to her.                                   

But, if Jane arrived _________________________________

2. We may see Henry, we give him your message.                                

If we  see ________________________________________

3. You don't know how to swim, so you can't come with us.                        

If you  knew ______________________________________

4. You can't find a good job, because you aren't qualified enough.        

But, if you  were qualified _______________________________

Unless you __________________________________________

5. Francisco doesn't speak English. He doesn't find a job in England.   

Unless he speaks ________________________________________

6. You didn't apply for the job, that's why you didn't get it.                  

If you had applied _________________________________________

7. She didn't find a good seat because she didn't come on time.            

If she had come _________________________________________