APPROVED FOR SUPPLIER DISTRIBUTION F8.

0491
ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION
Hyster-Yale Group, Inc. Document Control Number:
Title: CAST ALLOY STEEL HC-49
Page 1 of 6 Document Author: Caitlin Toohey Effective Date: 01-Mar-2017 Revision No. 2017-03
ANY ACCESS TO THIS DOCUMENT OUTSIDE THE PRIMARY ELECTRONIC SOURCE IS UNCONTROLLED, UNLESS STAMPED, INITIALED AND DATED. THIS DOCUMENT IS
CONFIDENTIAL. BY ACCEPTING THIS INFORMATION THE BORROWER AGREES THAT IT WILL NOT BE USED FOR ANY PURPOSE OTHER THAN THAT FOR WHICH IT IS LOANED.

1.0 OBJECTIVE: To provide a high strength steel casting material that has excellent weldability. Maximum
section thickness is 50 mm (2 inches).

2.0 SCOPE: This specification has been established for steel castings with maximum section thickness
of 50 mm (2 in.), used in structures, which must meet the total requirements for casting
integrity, excellent weldability, and excellent surface finish. For castings with sections
greater than 2” or when weldability is not critical to structure, specify HC-27.

3.0 CITED:
See Master Index or attached Annex for a complete list of Citing & Cited Documents.

4.0 DEFINITIONS: Carbon equivalent (CE) – an expression developed to estimate the cracking susceptibility
of steel during welding and to determine whether the steel needs pre-heat and/or post-
weld heat treatment to avoid cracking. The expression takes into account the
hardenability effect of alloying elements by expressing the composition of the steel as a
sum of weighted alloy contents. There are several CE expressions used within industry;
HYG has standardized on the following expression:
CE = C + (Mn)/6 + (Mo + Cr + V)/5 + (Ni + Cu)/15

Critical section, or the defined sampling area, is that area of a casting where the Designer
has defined the greatest strength and soundness requirements. Notes referring to surface
control, soundness control, hardness test location, or test bar location are used to
designate these critical sections.

Heat Affected Zone (HAZ) – That portion of the base metal which has not been melted, but
whose mechanical properties or microstructure have been altered by the heat of welding,
brazing, soldering or cutting.

Ideal Diameter (DI) – The diameter at which ideally quenched steel will transform to 50%
martensite at the center. This is used as an indicator of hardenability and is calculated
according to the formulas defined in ASTM A255, Appendix X2.

Weldability – The capacity of a material to be welded under the fabrication conditions

imposed into a specific, suitably designed structure and to perform satisfactorily in the
intended service.

Hyster-Yale Group (HYG) Standards are intended for use by HYG, its divisions and subsidiaries. Suppliers who rely on them in furnishing
products to or for the benefit of HYG must determine that they are in possession of the latest version. Distribution of the standards to parties
other than HYG Suppliers, whether with or without charge, are for information only and HYG disclaims all responsibility for results attributable
to the application of or compliance with such standards. HYG makes no representation, express or implied, that conformity ensures
compliance with applicable law or other rules or regulations. Further, those who are in receipt of and elect to use the standards, agree to
assume the responsibility for compliance with patents, as well as potential patent infringement.
 APPROVED FOR SUPPLIER DISTRIBUTION F8.0492
ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION
Hyster-Yale Group, Inc. Document Control Number:
Title: CAST ALLOY STEEL HC-49
Page 2 of 6 Document Author: Caitlin Toohey Effective Date: 01-Mar-2017 Revision No. 2017-03
ANY ACCESS TO THIS DOCUMENT OUTSIDE THE PRIMARY ELECTRONIC SOURCE IS UNCONTROLLED, UNLESS STAMPED, INITIALED AND DATED. THIS DOCUMENT IS
CONFIDENTIAL. BY ACCEPTING THIS INFORMATION THE BORROWER AGREES THAT IT WILL NOT BE USED FOR ANY PURPOSE OTHER THAN THAT FOR WHICH IT IS LOANED.

5.0 GENERAL: It is important that the chemistry requirement be brought to the attention of the steel
foundries during the quotation process. This may be a special grade to some foundries
and require a full heat of steel. Control of residual alloy is important to maintain CE limits.
Some foundries may have difficulty in maintaining low levels of residuals due to their
product mix. It is recognized that this specification requires a careful balance between
weldability constraints and heat treat response requirements.

Design Engineering should be aware of the potential high cost of this material and not
specify it’s use unless appropriate for the application. Designs are to be developed on
basis of minimum mechanical properties. If there is a desire to use the base material for
castings with features greater than 2 inches section thickness, then exceptions to
mechanical properties must be clarified, and noted on detail casting drawings.

6.0 DESCRIPTION: SPECIFICATION

Chemistry (% by weight)
C 0.26 Max
P 0.040 Max.
S 0.040 Max.

Other alloying elements to be controlled as required to achieve 0.60% CE and the

mechanical properties in the cast part.

Note 1: The Carbon Equivalent (CE) of the actual chemistry must not exceed 0.60%;
therefore, control of residual alloys like Cr, Ni, V, Cu and others must be held to
assure the 0.60% CE.

Note 2: In order to achieve the required mechanical properties, the foundry should
give consideration to the Ideal Diameter (DI) provided by the selected chemistry.
Evaluation of the DI, the CE, and the capability of the foundry’s quenching system
are very important in achieving the mechanical properties in the casting.

Heat Treatment

All castings made in accordance with this specification shall be heat treated by
o o
austenitizing to 900 C (1650 F), liquid quenching, and tempering at not less than
o o
427 C(800 F). (Note: Quench flow of 150-300 feet/minute may be required to
achieve adequate transformation.)
 APPROVED FOR SUPPLIER DISTRIBUTION F8.0493
ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION
Hyster-Yale Group, Inc. Document Control Number:
Title: CAST ALLOY STEEL HC-49
Page 3 of 6 Document Author: Caitlin Toohey Effective Date: 01-Mar-2017 Revision No. 2017-03
ANY ACCESS TO THIS DOCUMENT OUTSIDE THE PRIMARY ELECTRONIC SOURCE IS UNCONTROLLED, UNLESS STAMPED, INITIALED AND DATED. THIS DOCUMENT IS
CONFIDENTIAL. BY ACCEPTING THIS INFORMATION THE BORROWER AGREES THAT IT WILL NOT BE USED FOR ANY PURPOSE OTHER THAN THAT FOR WHICH IT IS LOANED.

Hardness (subordinate to mechanical properties)

General

217 - 269 HB

Note: The hardness test location will be defined on the drawing if critical
sections are inadequate for mechanical test bars; however, part configuration
may not be practical for routine inspections.

Heat Affected Zone

Unless otherwise noted, the maximum heat affected zone hardness will be
45HRC. (Ref: HC-704 and ES-1204)

Mechanical Properties, Minimum

Primary Secondary*
Casting Properties Coupon (Cast Bar) Properties

Tensile Strength MPa (ksi) 724 (105) 724 (105)

Yield Strength MPa (ksi) 586 (85) 586 (85)
Elongation 50 mm (2”), % 14 17
Reduction of Area, % 25 35

*Note: HYG QA may authorize the foundry to use separately cast test bars for
ongoing production confirmation based on an approved correlation plan and
evidence of mechanical property or hardness compliance in the casting.

CASTING QUALITY REQUIREMENTS

In areas not specifically defined in this specification, castings shall conform to ASTM
A148/148M and ASTM A781/A781M (inclusive of coreless induction melting processes)
along with any specific requirements specified on the engineering drawing. This
specification takes precedent over any referenced specifications.

Chemical Analysis (Ref ASTM A781/A781M: S12, and S13)

The foundry, in order to define the CE and confirm compliance to the specification,
must be able to provide the chemical analysis and CE of each heat from which the
castings are poured.

Marking and Traceability Requirements (Ref ASTM A781/A781M: S8)

Each casting is to be marked with the HYG part number, the foundry’s
identification mark, a cavity number when applicable, and a heat or date code.
The heat or date code must identify the specific heat of steel poured for the
casting and must be on a surface that is retained after machining.
 APPROVED FOR SUPPLIER DISTRIBUTION F8.0494
ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION
Hyster-Yale Group, Inc. Document Control Number:
Title: CAST ALLOY STEEL HC-49
Page 4 of 6 Document Author: Caitlin Toohey Effective Date: 01-Mar-2017 Revision No. 2017-03
ANY ACCESS TO THIS DOCUMENT OUTSIDE THE PRIMARY ELECTRONIC SOURCE IS UNCONTROLLED, UNLESS STAMPED, INITIALED AND DATED. THIS DOCUMENT IS
CONFIDENTIAL. BY ACCEPTING THIS INFORMATION THE BORROWER AGREES THAT IT WILL NOT BE USED FOR ANY PURPOSE OTHER THAN THAT FOR WHICH IT IS LOANED.

Mechanical Properties (Ref: ASTM A781/A781M: S10, S12, S14)

It is implied that the minimum mechanical properties will be met in the critical
section. HYG QA will machine tensile bars from the critical section of the casting
where possible to determine casting acceptance on the initial sample and the first
three production orders of castings. Surveillance should be continued at a
frequency determined by HYG QA based on product classification and vendor
performance.

Routine hardness tests of castings from each heat will be made in the area of the
casting containing the critical section, if defined and the surface allows; otherwise
an agreed upon surface should be defined by the foundry and HYG QA.

Hardness testing may suffice to validate material properties, providing correlation

is established between hardness and tensile strength specified for the cast part.

Workmanship

Surface finish (Ref: ASTM A781/781M): The surface finish of castings is very
important for most HC-49 applications and must meet the specified requirements,
when stated on the engineering drawing.

Critical sections may be identified by a note, which does not allow gate contacts
within the specified area. It is expected that such locations will receive minimum
grinding and will be routinely inspected.

Castings must be free of hot tears, cracks, rust, corrosion, scale, residual shot and
sand. Visual limitations for gas porosity, veining, wrinkles, laps, folds, cold-shuts,
cutting marks, chaplets, weld repairs is generally defined by MSS SP-55-2001
unless otherwise approved by HYG QA.

Flash lines must be removed to commercial tolerances unless approved by HYG

QA.

Use of any substance other than weld metal to repair surface defects is prohibited.
 APPROVED FOR SUPPLIER DISTRIBUTION F8.0495
ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION
Hyster-Yale Group, Inc. Document Control Number:
Title: CAST ALLOY STEEL HC-49
Page 5 of 6 Document Author: Caitlin Toohey Effective Date: 01-Mar-2017 Revision No. 2017-03
ANY ACCESS TO THIS DOCUMENT OUTSIDE THE PRIMARY ELECTRONIC SOURCE IS UNCONTROLLED, UNLESS STAMPED, INITIALED AND DATED. THIS DOCUMENT IS
CONFIDENTIAL. BY ACCEPTING THIS INFORMATION THE BORROWER AGREES THAT IT WILL NOT BE USED FOR ANY PURPOSE OTHER THAN THAT FOR WHICH IT IS LOANED.

Weld Repair

Any weld repair must be performed with a rod providing equivalent strength to the
heat-treated casting.

Welding for other than cosmetic reasons must have HYG QA approval on a case-
by-case basis. (Ref: ASTM A781/A781M: S7, and S16) A weld repair is
considered other than cosmetic when:
 It is made to correct hydrostatic test leakage,
 The excavation exceeds 20% of the wall thickness, or 1 inch (whichever is
smaller),
 The total excavation exceeds 1 square inch, or
 It falls within a critical section area designated on the drawing.

Repair welding will be followed by the originally required heat treatment.

Certification

The foundry is required to supply a material certificate, including validation data,

with each shipment of castings summarizing compliance with the chemical, CE,
and mechanical requirements of this specification. Certifications should be
submitted to the QA Manager of the receiving plant unless defined otherwise.

Soundness

Unless otherwise specified on the drawing, soundness shall be ASTM E446 Level 3 or
better.

When radiography other than ASTM E446 Level 3 is required, the area to be
radiographed, the quality, and the standards of acceptability shall be stated on the
drawing.

Radiographic techniques shall be in accordance with ASTM E94.

Method of Specifying

Material: HC-49
Any critical sections of the casting will be designated by specific notes on the drawing,
for example:

1. Hardness Test Location

2. Test Bar Location, and test bar size when appropriate
3. “No gate contacts allowed”
4. Various grinding control instructions

(Note: Mechanical properties must be clarified if this material is specified for castings
with features greater than 2 inches section thickness.)
 APPROVED FOR SUPPLIER DISTRIBUTION F8.0496
ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION
Hyster-Yale Group, Inc. Document Control Number:
Title: CAST ALLOY STEEL HC-49
Page 6 of 6 Document Author: Caitlin Toohey Effective Date: 01-Mar-2017 Revision No. 2017-03
ANY ACCESS TO THIS DOCUMENT OUTSIDE THE PRIMARY ELECTRONIC SOURCE IS UNCONTROLLED, UNLESS STAMPED, INITIALED AND DATED. THIS DOCUMENT IS
CONFIDENTIAL. BY ACCEPTING THIS INFORMATION THE BORROWER AGREES THAT IT WILL NOT BE USED FOR ANY PURPOSE OTHER THAN THAT FOR WHICH IT IS LOANED.

Annex

ASTM A148/A148M, Standard Specification for Steel Castings, High Strength, for Structural Purposes
ASTM A255, Standard Test Method for End-Quench Test for Hardenability of Steel, Appendix X2.
ASTM A781/A781M, Standard Specification for Castings, Steel and Alloy, Common Requirements, for General
Industrial Use
ASTM E446, Standard Reference Radiographs for Steel Castings up to 2 in. (51 mm) in Thickness
ES-1204, Base and Weld Metals
HC-27, Cast Alloy Steel
HC-704, Arc Welding Quality Classes (General)
MSS SP-55-2001, Quality Standard for Steel Castings for Valves, Flanges and Fittings and other Piping
Components – Visual Method for Evaluation of Surface Irregularities