Project Work: Department of Commerce Session2015-1017

Department of Commerce
Session2015-1017
Project Work
Every time you do a Project, you learn something new.

Justin Timberlake, US Pop Musician and Actor.
A few things of importance must be considered while doing a project work .The following points
may help you work on your chosen project in a systematic manner. They are as under.
Stages of a project work.
A project may involve the following stages:
A) Define objectives of the project: Objective clearly indicate as to what contribution your
project will make to understand the phenomenon which you have proposed to study.
B) Methodology: Though methodology used for different types of project s may be

different, the usual methodology includes the following aspects:
1) Define universe for the project: It involves specifying the universe from which sample of
the units for study will be selected.
2) Sampling: It involves deciding the number of objects to be studied and the method of
selecting these objects from the universe.
3) Collection of data: you collect data about the objects under study from various sources
(Primary and Secondary) and through a variety of methods of data collection like
questionnaire, personal interview, use of published materials etc.
4) Analysis of data: After collection, data have to be analysed to derive facts which will
show the pattern of findings of the study.
C) Conclusions: It may be in two parts:1) Findings and 2) suggestions, if any.
1) Findings: Findings of the study will show the various facts which have emerged from the
project.
2) Suggestions: It will necessarily include your own advice based on the findings to improve
the working of the project under study.
Format of Project Report:
Having completed your project work, you may adopt the following format for presenting it:
1. Inside cover title: This may be just like your cover page and should include the following
information:
Name:
Guide/Teacher concerned:
School:
Class:
Roll No:
Acknowledgements
I would like to convey my heartfelt thanks to Mr./Ms./Dr......................................................,my

Teacher, who guided me through the project and also gave valuable suggestions and guidance for
completion of the project, He/She has helped me to understand and remember important details
of the project that I would have otherwise missed. My project has been a success only because of
his /her guidance.( You may add acknowledgements to the persons who have provided you
relevant data. for example, I am grateful to the Branch Manager ,Bank of India,shymali Branch,
who has provided me the relevant data)
Your Name:
Roll No.:
Certificate
This is to certify that Mr. /Ms...........................................of Class XII...........................................of

........................................................................School....................................has completed his/her
Project under my supervision. He /She has taken proper care and shown utmost sincerity in
completion of this project. I certify that this project is up to my expectation and as per the
guidelines issued by CISCE.
Mr./Ms. Mr./Ms.
Signature Signature
(Head of .......Department) Project Guide
After giving the above matter, give Index of contents in Tabular Form as follows:
Table of Contents
Heading Page Number

From To
1.Introduction
2.Objectives of the Project
3.Methodology
4.Detailed findings of the Project Work
Topics of Project
Class XII (Commerce)
Session: 2015-2017
You may choose any two topics covered in the theory. However; the Council has outlined various
topics, some of them are as follows:
1) A) Study the sources of recruitment and steps involved in the selection procedure adopted
by two companies of the same industry.
B) Compare and evaluate the sources of recruitment and the selection process adopted by
the selected companies.
2) Formulate a capital plan for a hypothetical business organisation .Justify your formulated
plan.
3) Collect newspaper/ magazine clippings of five cases filed by consumers in the Consumers
court. Find out the rights violated and Redressal mechanism used. What was the outcome
of each case?
4) Visit the commercial bank and find out the procedure to open a saving bank account. Find
out the details of various agency & general utility services provided by the bank.
5) Compare the interest rates offered by five different commercial banks on fixed deposits
under various categories (general and senior citizens) and of various time durations .Find
out the procedure and formalities for opening a fixed deposit account. What is the
procedure for closing an account on maturity and before maturity period?
6) Choose two companies of the same industry, study their organisational structure .Also,
give information with regard to:1) Hierarchy 2) Centralisation and delegation of authority
3) Flow of information (Scalar chain) 4) Span of control 5) Channel of communication.
7) Select any business undertaking .Study the selected business in terms of ownership,
capital and profitability.
Make a SWOT analysis and present it in a tabular form.
Mr. Shivesh Singh Date of Submission: 01/07/2016

PGT Dept. of Commerce
St. Xavier’s School, Doranda
Ranchi-Jharkhand
Class-XII (Commerce) Session: 2015-2017
Syllabus of Commerce
1) First Term End Examination: Scheduled from 25thJune 2016
Topic: Business Environment

Concept (Meaning features and importance)
Dimensions of business environment: Micro (Internal and External factors) and Macro (Economic, social,
technological, Political and legal): Meaning and components)(
S.W.O.T Analysis: A basic understanding of S.W.O.T (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity and Threat)
Analysis.
Topic: Financing
Capital
: Sources of finance for sole trader, Partnership firms and Joint Stock Companies.
Importance of finance in business: Sources of finance for different types of business firms meaning of
financial planning. Factors affecting capital structure .Fixed Capital: Meaning, factors affecting fixed
capital. Working Capital: Meaning, types, factors affecting working capital.Comparision between fixed and
working capital.
Sources: Sources of Finance for a Joint stock company
a) Different types of shares equity, preference.Bonus shares, right issue, ESOP, Sweat shares, Retained
earings, long term sources of funds.
Equity shares: Features, advantages and disadvantages.
Preference shares: Features, types, advantages and disadvantages, distinction between equity shares and
preference shares.
Bonus and right issue, ESOP and Sweat Equity shares: Meaning distinction between bonus shares and right
shares.
Retained earings: Meaning, merits and demerits.
b) Loan Capital: Debentures.
Debentures: Meaning, kinds of debentures, advantages and disadvantages of debentures. Distinction
between share3s and debentures.
c) Loan from commercial banks and financial institutions: Meaning advantages and disadvantages.
d) Short –Term sources of funds: Different types of short term financial assistance by commercial banks,
Public deposits, trade credit, customer advances, factoring, Inter-corporate deposits and Instalment
credit, Meaning, advantages and disadvantages of various sources o funds.
e) Banking: Latest Trends
Online services: Transfer of funds through RTGS, NEFT, and Issue of Demand Draft on line: Meaning and
features.
Online payments, e-banking: Meaning and features.
Mobile Banking: SMS alerts, transfer of funds, making payments, debit cards, Credit cards, ATM:
Meaning.
Consumer Protection:
Meaning and importance of Consumer Protection, Consumer rights and responsibilities, Methods of
consumer Protection, Consumer Protection under Law, Consumer Protection Act. NGOs and Consumer
Organisations.
Note: The above mentioned topics for the first term will get over by the 20th of June; hence both the
topics and related sub-topics are to be studied elaborately.
2) Second Term End Examination: Scheduled from 19th September 2016..
Topic: Management
: Meaning, as a group, as an activity, as a discipline, as a process. Objectives, features and its importance.
Principles of management: Nature and need for principles
Taylor’s 5 scientific principles of management.
Fayol’s 14 Principles of management, their relevance on today’s business scenario.
Comparison of Taylor’s and Fayol’s principles.
Functional, divisional, formal informal, delegation of authority. Functions of Management: Planning;

Organising; Staffing; Directing; Controlling and Coordinating.
Planning: meaning, steps, importance and limitations
Types of plans: Objectives, policies, procedures, method rule budget and programme.
Meaning, features and differences.
Organising: Meaning, significance, steps, structure of organisation(Line, Line and staff, functional and
divisional; formal and informal organisation):Meaning ,features ,merits ,demerits and differences between
line, line and staff, Line and staff ,functional and divisional, formal and informal, Meaning and importance
of delegation of authority, Decentralisation Vs Centralisation,Comparision between delegation and
centralisation.
Decentralisation v/s Centralisation and its comparisons.

Staffing:
Meaning, steps and importance. Recruitment, selection training and development.
Difference between selection and Recruitment.
Directing:
Meaning and its significance
Supervision (Meaning functions and span of control).
Motivation: Meaning, Maslow’s theory; Leadership: Meaning and qualities of a good leader.
Communication: Meaning, objectives and processes.
Barriers to communication and overcoming to barriers to communication.
Controlling: Meaning, steps and importance. Relationship between planning and controlling.
Management by exception.
Co-ordination: Meaning of co-ordination, co-ordination as an essence of management.
3) Third Selection Test Scheduled from 16th December 2016.

Topic: Marketing
Concept and functions
Meaning of markets and marketing.
Concept of Marketing: Traditional v/s modern.
Comparison between Marketing and selling. Objectives of marketing.
Marketing Mix: Products goods and services, branding labelling and packing.
Price: Meaning, factors determining price.
Place: Channel of distribution, physical distribution.
Promotion: Meaning and elements.
Elements: Advertising, sales promotion.
Personal selling and publicity: meaning, features objectives and differences.
Note: The examination scheduled from 16th December2016 will incorporate all the above mentioned
topics (i.e. from 1st Term onwards).
By
Mr. Shivesh Kr. Singh
PGT Dept. of Commerce
St. Xavier’s Doranda

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Department of Commerce

Every time you do a Project, you learn something new.

Stages of a project work.

A project may involve the following stages:

B) Methodology: Though methodology used for different types of project s may be

C) Conclusions: It may be in two parts:1) Findings and 2) suggestions, if any.

I would like to convey my heartfelt thanks to Mr./Ms./Dr......................................................,my

This is to certify that Mr. /Ms...........................................of Class XII...........................................of

Heading Page Number

Mr. Shivesh Singh Date of Submission: 01/07/2016

Topic: Business Environment

2) Second Term End Examination: Scheduled from 19th September 2016..

Functional, divisional, formal informal, delegation of authority. Functions of Management: Planning;

Decentralisation v/s Centralisation and its comparisons.

3) Third Selection Test Scheduled from 16th December 2016.

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