Intenship
Intenship
Intenship
Definition
External Audit
Internal Audit
Forensic Audit
Public Sector Audit
Tax Audit
Compliance Audit
Value for Money Audit
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External
External audit, also known as financial audit and statutory audit, involves the
examination of the truth fairness of the financial statements of an entry by an external auditor
who is independent of the organisation in accordance with a reporting frame work such as the
IFRS. Company law in most jurisdictions requires external audit on annual basis for companies
above a certain size.
External auditors are required to company with professional auditing standards such
as the internal standards on auditing and ethical guidelines such as those issued by IFAC in
order to maximum a level of quality and trust of all stakeholders in the auditing exercise.
Internal
Forensic
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A forensic audit requires a written report about the fraud to be presented to the client
so that they can proceed to file a legal case if they so desire. At a minimum, the report should
include
Public sector
Tax
Tax audit is the verification of the books of accounts of an assesses to validate the
income tax computation and compliance with the laws of Income Tax. Auditing of books of
accounts must be carried out by a certified Chartered Accountant.
Compliance
The primary objectives of value for money (VFM) audit are to provide the Assembly
with independent information and advice about how economically, efficiently and effectively
departments, agencies and other central government public bodies have used their resources,
encourage audited bodies to improve their performance.
Advantages of audit
Auditing has become a compulsory task in the business organization. All the
organizations like business, social, industries and trading organizations make audit of books of
accounts. Now-a-days, owner of business and its management are separate. So, to detect and
prevent frauds, auditing has become essential. Its advantages are as follows:
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1. Audit Helps To Detect And Prevent Errors And Frauds
An auditor's main duty is to detect errors and frauds, preventing such errors and frauds
and taking care to avoid such frauds.
An auditor raises questions if accounts are not maintained properly. So, audit gives
moral pressure on maintaining accounts regularly.
Valuation of assets is made by the auditor. On the basis of valuation of assets and
liabilities, businessman can sell his business. It helps to determine the price of business.
Tax authorities assess taxes on the basis of profit calculated by the auditor. In the same
way sales tax authority calculates sales tax on the basis of sales shown in the audited statement.
An auditor instructs an accountant in the same way which helps to compare books of
accounts of current year with the accounting of the previous year. So, comparing the accounts
of current with previous years helps to detect errors and frauds.
Disadvantages of audit
Even though audit program has number of advantages, it is not free from limitations.
Some of the major disadvantages of audit program are as follows:
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1. Audit Program Harasses To Staffs
All the staffs should perform task within the limitation given in audit program. So, staffs
can not use their knowledge and calibre which harasses to them.
Nature and size of business differs. So, the program which is prepared at the beginning
of the year remains unsuitable. Different organizations may have their own problems. So,
similar type of program may not be applicable to all.
Staffs of the client get information about the audit program in advance which increases
the chance of committing frauds. Similarly, it harasses the audit staffs so they perform the work
of audit carelessly which also increases the chance of committing frauds.
4. Audit Program Is Unsuitable To Small Concern
Small concern has less transactions and work of audit can be completed in short period
of time. So, audit program is not essential to audit such concern.
5. Exclusion Of Problems Of New Technology
New techniques and technologies are used in the work of accounting. Such technology
creates the problem in the work of audit but such problems and remedial measures are not
included in the audit program.
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CHAPTER-II
1. Receipt Voucher:
A Receipt voucher is used to record cash or bank receipt. Receipt vouchers are of two types
which are as follows:
2.Payment Voucher:
A payment voucher is just the opposite of a cash voucher. In the above, cash/ bank was
debited, while in this case, cash or bank will be credited. In the above case, there was an inflow
of funds, while in this case, there is an outflow of funds. A Payment voucher is used to record
a payment of cash or cheque. Payment vouchers are also of two types which are:
These vouchers are used for non-cash transactions, they are basically used as a
documentary evidence. e.g., Goods sold on credit. In such cases, the cash or the bank account
of the assessee is unaffected. In the case of Goods sold on credit, the Voucher would debit the
Debtor to whom the goods are sold on credit, while sales on credit account would be credited
further.
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4.Supporting Vouchers:
These vouchers are the documentary evidence of transactions that have happened. For example,
you can attach the bill of an expense along with the original voucher just to further support the
primary voucher. Petrol Bills attached with the conveyance vouchers are a good example of
Supporting Vouchers.
To check whether all the business transactions are properly recorded in the
books of accounts or not.To verify that all the documentary evidence is authenticated and
related to business transactions only. To verify that transactions are free from errors or frauds.
Each and every transaction is checked and ratified on the basis of support document.
So, we can easily know the truth of account.
Each and every transaction is checked and ratified on the basis of document. Vouching
helps to find out the unrecorded or missing transactions. If any voucher is found unrecorded,
auditor can suggest to record such transactions.
If the transactions are made on the consent of concerned authority, such transactions
are known as authorized transactions. If transactions are not authorized, such transactions can
be fictitious transactions. So, such fictitious transactions ca be found with the help of vouching.
Sometimes, transactions are performed for individual purpose but payment is made out
of business. Such transactions should not be recorded in account of business. If such
transactions are recorded, we can find it with the help of vouching. To know the real profit or
loss of business, such transactions are to be separated.
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To check whether all the business transactions are properly recorded in the books of
accounts or not.To verify that all the documentary evidence is authenticated and related to
business transactions only. To verify that transactions are free from errors or frauds.
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CHAPTER-III
3.1 Introduction
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Accounting vouchers in tally
1.Sales Voucher in Tally
The Sales Voucher is most widely used by the users of Tally it is a type of accounting
voucher. Depending on the nature of your business, it can be created in the Invoice mode or
Voucher mode. In the Invoice mode, you can print and provide a copy of the invoice to your
customers. The Voucher mode can be used when you want to basically record transactions for
statutory purpose only, and when you don’t necessarily have the need to print and share the
information with your customer. Tally. gives you the flexibility to address different needs.
The Purchase Voucher too can be recorded either in the Voucher or Invoice mode based
on the nature of business operations. It comes under accounting vouchers in Tally.
Suppose you change your mind and decide to change the mode when entering details
of a purchase transaction? What if you have entered all the details and decide to change the
mode in the last second? Tally helps you to convert a voucher into an invoice, or vice versa,
without expecting you to re-enter the details. It auto adjusts to your preference. Just use the
Toggle button.You can add more details by enabling options. Press F12 to do so.
The Payment Voucher in Tally. lets you provide all types of details when creating it.
While making payment to a party you can provide details such as the instrument number, and
even print the cheque. As soon as you pass a Payment Voucher, you can print the corresponding
cheque. To see the list of cheques which need to be printed, go to Banking and click on Cheque
Printing.
Tally. supports over 500 banks from both India and abroad. After making the payment,
you can generate a Payment Advice in Tally. and share it with your supplier as it will update
him with the details of all your payments.
When you create a Receipt Voucher, Tally. prompts you to take a look at all the pending
invoices for which payments are yet to be received. As and when your customer makes a
payment, you can record details such as against which invoice the payment is made; whether
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you received the payment by cash, cheque or via NEFT/RTGS; and what the instrument
numbers are. You can even email this information to your customer. This way, you will never
lose track of the payments.
5.Contra Voucher
Contra Vouchers are generally used by businesses to withdraw cash from banks or to
deposit cash in banks. With Tally. you can also generate a cash deposit slip. Tally. also provides
the denomination of notes to let you track and take a print of the same at the time of depositing
money.
6.Journal Voucher
The Journal Voucher is used by businesses for multiple purposes, based on their
business types. Some accountants use them for purchases and sales as well. Both accounting
and inventory Journal Vouchers are available in Tally. The Inventory Journal Vouchers can be
used to adjust inventory or for movement of inventory from one godown to another.
The Credit Note Voucher is used generally for a sales return. By default, the Credit
Note is not enabled in Tally. It can be enabled by pressing on F11 and configuring the Features.
While passing Credit Note, you can refer to the original invoice number as well. Upon selection
of a party, Tally. will by default show you all the invoices which have been raised against the
particular party for easy reference.
A Debit Note is used for purchase returns. With Tally, a user can either pass a Debit
Note as a voucher or as an invoice where the inventory values also get affected. The Debit Note
Voucher can be enabled by pressing F11 and configuring the Features. You can provide details
of the original invoice numbers as well.
During physical stock verification, in cases of changes in the inventory count, one has
to update the changes in books as well. It comes under Inventory vouchers in Tally.
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Generally, businesses do this either on a monthly, quarterly or yearly basis to match the
stock in hand with stock available as per the books. With Tally you can simply create a voucher
to adjust the inventory.
The Material In and Material Out vouchers are available in Tally. to track inventory
sent for job work and inventory received after job work. By using these vouchers, you can
easily get an overview of inventory across all job works. Enable these vouchers by pressing
F11.
As the name suggests, the Delivery Note Vouchers can be used to record the delivery
of goods. Sometimes, they are also referred to as Delivery Challans. While passing a Delivery
Note, you can provide transporter details such as lorry number, dispatch document number, bill
of lading, and so on. Similarly, you can create a receipt notes as and when you receive
consignments from suppliers.
Many businesses receive purchase orders from their parties or place orders to their
suppliers. Purchase Order or Sales Order Vouchers can be passed using Tally. To keep a track
of the complete order cycle.
The Purchase Order and Sales Order Vouchers in Tally. simplify order processing for
businesses. Businesses typically receive purchase orders from their parties or place orders to
their suppliers. While passing these orders, you can provide details such as by when would the
order be processed, rates, and so on. Later as and when required, you can partially fulfill an
order and track the remaining order, or you can even pre-close the order.
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CHAPTER-IV
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Summary of training report
Date:03.06.2019
INDOOR
Work done:
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Date: 04.06.2019 to 05.06.2019
INDOOR
Work done:
15
Date: 06.06.2019 to 09.06.2019
INDOOR
Work done:
Name of clients.
Name of the company address.
Aadhar & pan card details.
Profit and loss of the company.
Bank details.
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Date: 10.06.2019 to 14.06.2019
INDOOR
Work done:
Purchase Vouching
Verifying the details of purchase value which are present in the concerned company’s
tally and verifying the details purchase in the bill.
Date
Amount
Seller name
Invoice no
Tax and rate
Product name
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Date: 15.06.2019 to 17.06.2019
INDOOR
Work done:
Cash Vouching
Verifying the details of fifty thousand chit which are present in the concerned
company’s tally & verifying the details which are present in the cash bill.
Invoice date
Invoice no
Amount
Customer name
Receipts
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Date: 19.06.2019
INDOOR
Work done:
Product name.
Expiry date.
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Date: 20.06.2019 to 21.06.2019
INDOOR
Work done:
Entries is bank statement. And preparation of cash voucher and contra vouching work.
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Date: 22.06.2019 to 24.06.2019
INDOOR
Work done:
Purchase Vouching
Verifying the details of purchase/ transfer value which are present in the concerned
company’s tally and verifying the details which are present in the purchase bill.
Such as,
Date
Amount
Seller name
Invoice no
Tax rate
Product name
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Date: 26.06.2019 to 27.06.2019
INDOOR
Work done:
Name of client.
Name of signature.
Aadhar number.
Bank details.
Pan card details.
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Date: 28.06.2019 to 30.06.2019
INDOOR
Work done:
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Date: 01.07.2019 to 03.07.2019
INDOOR
Work done:
Tally
Tally permits business owners and their associates to interact more in accounts related
discussions and is a complete product which retains its original simplicity but yet offers
comprehensive business functionalities such as Accounting, Finance, Inventory, Sales,
Purchase, Point of Sales, Manufacturing, Costing, Job Costing, Payroll and Branch
Management along with compliance capabilities for Excise, TDS, TCS, and now GST too !
Entries in receipts tally for preparation of sundry debtors in working tally. To check the
details of
Date
Invoice number
Amount
Name of the debtor
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Date: 04.07.2019 to 06.07.2019
INDOOR
Work done:
Cash Vouching
Verifying the details of fifty thousand chit which are present in the concerned
company’s tally and verifying the details which are present in the cash bill.
Invoice date
Invoice number
Customer name
Receipts
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Date: 07.07.2019 to 11.07.2019
INDOOR
Work done:
The tax rates, rules and regulations are governed by the GST Council which consists of
the finance ministers of centre and all the states. GST is meant to replace a slew of indirect
taxes with a federated tax and is therefore expected to reshape the country's 2.4 trillion dollar
economy, but not without criticism.[3] Trucks' travel time in interstate movement dropped by
20%, because of no interstate check posts
Introduction of GST
The goods and services tax (GST) is a value-added tax levied on most goods and
services sold for domestic consumption. The GST is paid by consumers, but it is remitted to
the government by the businesses selling the goods and services. In effect, GST provides
revenue for the government.
Registration certification
Aadhar identification
PAN card
Partnership deed
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Date: 12.07.2019 to 14.07.2019
INDOOR
Work done:
Product name
Item code
Price
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Date: 15.07.2019 to 18.07.2019
INDOOR
Work done:
For seal
Address seal
Round seal
Serial number
Company name
For seal
Address seal
Round seal
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Date: 19.07.2019 to 20.07.2019
INDOOR
Work done:
Tally
Tally permits business owners and their associates to interact more in accounts related
discussions and is a complete product which retains its original simplicity but yet offers
comprehensive business functionalities such as Accounting, Finance, Inventory, Sales,
Purchase, Point of Sales, Manufacturing, Costing, Job Costing, Payroll and Branch
Management along with compliance capabilities for Excise, TDS, TCS, and now GST too !
Date
Invoice number
Amount
Name of the debtor
Narration
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Date: 21.07.2019 to 22.07.2019
INDOOR
Work done:
Book Keeping
Tally entry In purchase ledger which are present in the concerned, and excel entries of
total sales value which are present in the concerned.
Invoice date
Invoice number
Customer name
Narration
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Date: 24.07.2019
INDOOR
Work done:
Cash Vouching
Verifying the details of fifty thousand which are present in the concerned company’s
tally and verifying the details which are present in the cash bill.
Invoice date
Invoice number
Amount
Customer name
Receipts
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Date: 25.07.2019 to 27.07.2019
INDOOR
Work done:
Product name
Item code
Price
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Date: 28.07.2019 to 29.07.2019
INDOOR
Work done:
For seal
Address seal
Round seal
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Date: 31.07.2019
INDOOR
Work done:
Book Keeping
Tally entry In purchase ledger which are present in the concerned, and excel entries of
total sales value which are present in the concerned.
Invoice date
Invoice number
Amount
Customer name
Narration
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4.2 Overview of internship training
Scanning document
Purchase vouching
Cash vouching
Stock vouching
Stock audit
Tally entry
GST registration
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CHAPTER-V
CONCLUSION
In this occasion I have a responsibility to thank our college for arranging this wonderful
internship program and I thank my auditor CA. S.I. VIJAYASUNDHAR who gratefully
accepted me as a trainee and gave me change to work on office environmental and helped a lot
and finally I thank each of my office staff who supported me and stood behind me and took
care throughout my internship.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
Referred books:
Referred websites:
www.auditing.com
www.tallyerp9.in
www.gst.gov.in
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