Literature of The World 2
Literature of The World 2
Literature of The World 2
LITERATURE
LITERATURE
works
fundamental
Suggestiveness
Style
LITERARY MODELS
1.Cultural Model
aims to understand and
appreciate cultures and
ideologies different from
one’s own in time and
space.
2. Language Model
•Aims to promote
language development
like vocabulary and
structure
3. Personal Growth
• 1. Structure
• Fiction – literary work of imaginative narration,
either oral or written, fashioned to entertain
and to make the readers think and more so, to
feel.
• Non-Fiction – a literary work of “real life”
narration or exposition based on history and
facts whose main thrust is intellectual appeal
to convey facts, theories, generalizations, or
concepts about a particular topic.
2. Form
•Viewed intrinsically,
independent of the author,
age or any other extrinsic
factor. The study of
selection is more or less
on the so called “literary
elements”
2. Moral or Humanistic Approach
• Viewed to discuss man and its nature.
It presents man as essentially rational;
that is endowed with intellect and free
will; or that piece does not
misinterpret the true nature of man.
The approach is close to the “morality”
of literature, to questions of ethical
goodness or badness.
3. HISTORICAL APPROACH
• Is seen both as a reflection and
product of the times and
circumstances in which it was written.
It operates on the premise that the
history of a nation has telling effects on
its literature and that the piece can be
better understood and appreciated if
one knows the times surrounding its
creation
4. SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACH
Climax
Crisis Denouement
Complication Ending
Exposition
Parts of a Plot
1. Exposition is the part of the plot that sets
the scene by introducing the situation and
settings and likewise lays out the characters
by introducing their environment,
characteristics, pursuit, purposes,
limitations, potentials, and basic
assumptions.
2. Complication is the start of the major
conflict or problem in the plot.
3. Crisis is the part that establishes curiosity,
uncertainty, and tension; it requires a decision.
4. Climax is the peak of the story which leads to an
affirmation, a tension, an action, or even a realization.
The is the point of greatest emotional intensity,
interest, as well as suspense.
5. Denouement is the finishing of the things right
after the climax, and shows the resolution of the plot.
6. Ending is the part that brings the story back to its
equilibrium.
Literary Devices
1. Flashback is the writer’s use of interruption
of the chronological sequence of a story to
go back to related incidents which occurred
prior to the beginning of the story.
2. Foreshadowing is the writer’s use of hints
or clues to indicate events that will occur
later in the story. The use of this technique
both creates suspense and prepares the
reader for what is to come