DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN BIOLOGY BOOK

I. Objectives
a) Explained what is Fungi
b) To know the different types of Fungi
c) Determined the characteristics of Fungi
II. Subject Matter
A. Topic: FUNGI
B. References: Cy, A., & Leo Harte (2016). Fungi, Biology Book of Grade 10, 14(3), 220-246.
C. Video:
D. Materials: Cartolina, markers, construction paper, bond paper, pen, scissor, work sheet tape and illustration
boards.
III. Procedure:
A. Preparation:
Teachers Activity Students Activity
 Prayers Glory be to the Father to the son and to the Holy
May I request everyone to please stand for our prayer Spirit. As it was in the beginning and now, and ever
and Miss. Cherry Jane Sojot lead us the prayer shall be world without end, Amen.
 Greetings
Good morning and Good Holy Class! Good morning Sir!

Checking of attendance please state your nickname Yes Sir!

and if your name was called.

Since everyone are all present I will be given extra Thank you sir.
points.
Students, Understood? Yes Sir!

 Imposing Classroom Rules

Before anything else I have my rules and regulations
in my class. First, no using of cellphone during class
discussion. Second, Don’t create any noise that can Yes Sir!

disturb my class. Third, I want to see in your desk that

you have pen and notebook to take down notes
everything I discussed. Lastly, raise your hand if you
have any concerned.

 motivation Miss. Mary Angelie Garciano one of the choosen

I will show you some pictures of fungi and what you student, together with Miss. Kimberly Figura and Mr

are going to do is to explain why this kind of fungi is Lester Maitim.

really important and relate to your life. The choosen student will answer and share their life

I will pick some students to answer this following infront of the classmates.

question…
Thank you so much students to your cooperation and
sharing to your stories to the class The student will respond
Clap your hands!

So are you ready to listen student? Yes Sir!

The next topic is all about Fungi, are you familiar what Some of the student respond yes and some are no
is Fungi?
Are you excited? Yes Sir!

Okay! Since everyone are excited let me ask you what

was last topic yesterday. Mr. Reynold Octacvio raise his hand
Okay, Mr. Octavio Our topic yesterday it’s all about Laws of Motion
Very Good Mr. Octavio Thank you Sir!
B.Lesson Proper
Okay, I will introduce to you our topic for today is all
about Fungi. Sir? Mr. Salinda raise his hand
Any idea about our topic? Fungi reproduce both sexually and asexually, and
they also have symbolic associations with plants and
bacteria.

Very Good Mr. Salinda.

Moreover, Fungi (Singular: fungus) are a kingdom of
usually multicellular eukaryotic organism that are
heterotrophs (cannot make their own food) and have
important roles in nutrient cycling in an ecosystem.
Thus, they are also responsible for some diseases in
plants and animals.

Understood students? Yes Sir!

Very Good!

For more information, I will show some videos that you

should have to know and understand more about the
Fungi. (Video Presentation0

Now, let’s proceed to the Fungi Characteristics Miss. Yes Sir!

Baroman Please read. Some Fungi are single-celled, while others are
multicellular. Single-celled fungi are called yeast.
Some Fungi alternate between single –celled yeast
and multicellular forms depending on what stage of
the life cycle they are in…
Seat down Miss. Baroman, Thank you.
On the other hand, Fungi cells have a nucleus and
organelles, like plant and animal cells do. The cell
walls of fungi contain chitin, which is hard substance
also found in the exoskeletons of insects and
arthropods such as crustaceans. They do not contain
cellulose, which commonly makes up plant cell walls.
Fungi are heterotrophs; they cannot make their own
food and must obtain nutrients from organic material.
To do so, they use their hyphae, which elongate and
branch off rapidly, allowing the mycelium of the fungus
to quickly increase in size. Some fungi hyphae even
form root-like threads called rhizomorphs, which help
tether the fungus to the substrate that it grows on
while allowing it to quickly obtain more nutrients from
other sources. Fungi are opportunists, which means
that they can obtain nutrients from a wide variety of
sources and thrive in a wide range of environmental
conditions. Some fungi obtain nutrients from dead
organic matter; these fungi are called saprobes and
are decomposers, which break down and get rid of
dead organisms. Other fungi parasitize plants and are
responsible for plant diseases like Dutch elm disease.
However, fungi can also have symbiotic (mutually
beneficial) relationships with photosynthetic algae or
bacteria, and with plant roots. A symbiotic association
of a fungus and an animal that photosynthesizes is
called a lichen, while a plant root-and-fungus
association is called a mycorrhiza.
Yes Sir!
Did you get it?

And now let’s proceed to the Fungi Reproduction. Student read carefully
Okay, everyone please read Most fungi can reproduce through both sexual
and asexual reproduction. Asexual reproduction
occurs through the release of spores or through
mycelial fragmentation, which is when the mycelium
separates into multiple pieces that grow separately.

Okay, Thank you!

In sexual reproduction, separate individuals fuse their

hyphae together. The exact life cycle depends on
the species, but generally multicellular fungi have
a haploid stage (where they have one set of
chromosomes), a diploid stage, and a dikaryotic stage
where they have two sets of chromosomes but the
sets remain separate.

All fungi reproduce using spores. Spores are

microscopic cells or groups of cells that disperse from
their parent fungus, usually through wind or water.
Spores can become dormant for a long time until
conditions are favorable for growth. This is
an adaptation for opportunism; with a sometimes
unpredictable food source availability, spores can be
dormant until they are able to colonize a new food
source. Fungi produce spores through sexual and
asexual reproduction.

It is better to understand more I will show you some

videos how the Fungi reproduce their own.
Student watching the videos

Did you understand?

There’s no more question? Yes Sir!
None Sir!

Let’s proceed to the Types of Fungi

Class can you give the 5 Types of Fungi.

Miss. Millendez raise her hand

Chytriodiomycota
Zygomycota
Glomeromycota
Ascomycota
Basidiomycota

Very Good Miss. Millendez

Please clap your hands for Miss. Millendez Thank you Sir!

First, Chytridiomycota is the organisms found in

Chytridiomycota, are usually aquatic and microscopic.
They are usually asexual, and produce spores that
move around using flagella, small tail-like
appendages. The chytrid Batrachochytrium
dendrobatidis can cause a fungal infection in frogs by
burrowing under their skin, and it has recently
devastated populations of harlequin frogs, killing off
two-thirds of them in Central and South America.
For example, the Allomyces.
Zygomycota (conjugated fungi) have a multicellular
body structure; features include zygospores and
presence in soil; examples are bread and fruit molds.
Second, Zygomycota are mainly terrestrial and feed
off of plant detritus or decaying animal material. They
also cause problems by growing on human food
sources. One example of a zygomycte is Rhizopus
stolonifer, a bread mold. The hyphae of zygomycetes
are not separated by septa, making their mycelia
essentially one large cell with many nuclei. They
usually reproduce asexually, through spores.
For example the bread mold (Rhizopus)

Next, Miss. Elnas please read.

Miss Elnas read carefully
Glomeromycota make up half of all fungi found in soil,
and they often form mycorrhizae with plants; in fact,
Okay Thank you! 80-90 percent of all land plants develop mycorrhizae
On the other hand, Glomeromycota is the fungi obtain with glomeromycetes.
sugars from the plant, and in return, dissolve minerals
in the soil to provide the plant with nutrients. These
fungi also reproduce asexually.

Forth Ascomycota are often pathogens of plants and

animals, including humans, in which they are
responsible for infections like athlete’s foot, ringworm,
and ergotism, which causes vomiting, convulsions,
hallucinations, and sometimes even death.

Okay, Miss Dedios can you give some example of

Ascomycota. Miss Dedios answer my question.
The example of Ascomycota is Ringworm.
Very Good Miss. Dedios

However, some ascomycetes normally are found

inside humans, such as Candida albicans, a yeast
which lives in the respiratory, gastrointestinal, and
female reproductive tracts. Ascomycetes have
reproductive sacs known as asci, which produce
sexual spores, but they also reproduce asexually.

Lastly Basidiomycota Like ascomycetes,

basidiomycetes also produce sexual spores called
basidiospores in cells called basidia. Basidia are
usually club-shaped, and basidiomycetes are also
known as club fungi. Most basidiocytes reproduce
sexually. Mushrooms are a common example of
basidiomycetes.
Miss Quino can you give some example of
Ascomycota. Miss Quino answer my question
Mushroom one of the best example sir.
Very good Miss Quino

Okay? No more question? Yes Sir!

No reaction? None Sir!

Very Good!

C. Activity
Students please group yourself into 5 groups only. The students will be group into 5.
And go to your respective group in a count of
1,2,3,4,5.
The teacher will give the activity instruction. Yes ma’am
Is it clear?
The Title of this Activity is all about “BUILD A FUNGI”
Each group will be given a broken piece of picture
then they will build into an original pictures. After that
write the exact name of picture what kind of Fungi is
that, and I will be given 3 minutes to do.

Okay Class? Yes Sir!

Understood?
D. Generalization

Class based on our discussion that we had, Did you Yes Sir!
think that we need to study what is Fungi?
Miss Janine raise her hand.
Fungi are responsible for breaking down organic
matter and releasing carbom, oxygen, nitrogen, and
phosphorus into the soil and atmosphere.
Fungi are sometimes overlooked in biology,
especially compared to bacteria, plants and animals.
This is partially because many fungi are microscopic,
and the field of mycology did not really develop until
after the invention of the microscope. However, there
are many common examples of fungi. Yeasts are one
example
As mentioned before, Candida albicans grows
naturally inside the human body, but sometimes it can
grow excessively and cause a yeast infection. Yeast
infections are extremely common; 75 percent of
women will have at least one yeast infection during
their lifetime.

Very Good Miss Janine.

Another hand? Mr. Reynold raise his hand,

Fungi are also often associated with food.
Mushrooms and truffles are examples of fungi that
are sometimes edible, the latter being highly prized
in haute cuisine internationally. Molds are fungi that
grow on foods over time, causing them to spoil. Food
is refrigerated in order to prevent mold growth since
few molds grow at 4°C (39°F). However, some molds
are used in the process of cheese-making. Molds are
added to soft ripened cheeses like brie, washed rind
cheeses like Limburger, and blue cheeses.
Thank you so much Mr. reynold.
.
Although we often think of fungi as organism that
cause disease and rot food, fungi are important to
human life on many levels. They influence the well-
being of human populations on a large scale because
they are part of the nutrient cycle in ecosystem.
E. Evaluation

Answer this worksheet. Test 1 Multiple choice 1-10,

encircle the correct answer and please avoid erasure.
Test 2, kindly explain the importance of fungi in our
environment. (10points)

F. Assignment/Agreement

Please bring the example of Fungi then discuss in the

class tomorrow.

Prepared by:
Joeymar E. Casinao
BSED-II General Science

Prepared to:
Prof. Jean Pauline A. Obejero
ASL 1 Teacher