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Economic Impact of Water Scarcity

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ECONOMIC IMPACT OF WATER SCARSITY

If water is neglected by societies and governments, then the odds are they will
eventually collapse. Without water, businesses ranging from family farms to
major corporations face multiple problems, including higher costs and long-
term viability.

By 2025, it is projected that two-thirds of the globe’s population will face water
shortages. Water scarcity is a new addition to our modern lexicon with
economic implications that will alter policy-making for rich and undeveloped
nations alike.

CAUSES OF WATER SCARCITY-

1. As population grows water demand increases.


2. While the human population has more than doubled in the last 50 years,
there has been a corresponding growth in industrialization and
economic development which increases water usage, water ecosystems
transformation, and a huge loss of biodiversity.
3. Over 41% of the global population lives in river basins which are
experiencing water stress.
4. Agriculture accounts for 70% of freshwater usage, however
approximately 60% is lost due to waste involving irrigation system
leakages, inefficient application, and planting crops exceedingly thirsty
for where they are grown.
5. growing use and dependence on fertilizers and pesticides contributing
to freshwater pollution.

ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS OF WATER SCARCITY-


water scarcity is the impact on businesses worldwide leading to higher
operating costs and staying competitive. For global firms controlling costs is
difficult but it worsens when the price of water increases exponentially to
where margins shrink precariously. This causes firms to regard water access
as a competitive advantage and relocate when possible. For example, a firm
will give preference to relocating to areas where water risks are lowest such
as moving to a city located by a lake, river, or river basin.

The lack of water will have a domino effect on communities: local commerce
declines, incomes go down, tax revenues decrease, population declines due
to lack of employment opportunities, cities and the surrounding communities
shrink dangerously.

Increases in food prices and lack of water inflame regional conflicts and cause
population migration to where water is readily accessible. Water scarcity
leads to food shortages while raising commodity prices thereby hindering
trade with developing economies and in the long run cause civil unrest. Water
scarcity has a direct impact on rain-fed and irrigated agriculture as well as
livestock, and an indirect impact on food processing industries.

Water scarcity impacts India, China, and the Middle East which face serious
drought conditions thereby causing farms to reduce their crop production and
food prices to spike dangerously.

RECTIFICATION SOLUTIONS-

increasing storage infrastructure through water recycling, improving farming


practices, upgrading sewage systems, and desalination plants.

According to the economist Richard Damania, “When governments respond


to water shortages by boosting efficiency and allocation even 25% of water to
more highly-valued uses, losses decline dramatically and for some regions
may even vanish. Improved water stewardship pays high economic
dividends.”

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