Bachelor of Technology in Electronics & Communication: Synopsis ON
Bachelor of Technology in Electronics & Communication: Synopsis ON
Bachelor of Technology in Electronics & Communication: Synopsis ON
ON
Bachelor of Technology
In
Electronics & Communication
2006-2007
As per the candidates declaration this work has not been submitted
elsewhere for the award of any other degree.
• PLATFORM USED
• BLOCK DIAGRAM
• ADVANTAGES
• APPLICATION
• REFERENCE
Introduction
INTRODUCTION:
1) Microcontroller AT89C51
2) LM7805 Regulator
3) Power Supply
4) Resistors
5) Capacitors
6) Transistors
7) Diode
8) LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY
9) LEDs
10) Connectors
11) RF Transmitter
12) RF Receiver
Software requirements:
Start
Variable initialization
Display TRACKING
No
NO
Contro
ller
Receive
Data to
End
WORKING OF
THE PROJECT
Here we are using a radio frequency transmitter and receiver ,
microcontroller and LCD for the working of the vehicle tracking system.
we placed a transmitter on the vehicle which continuously transmitting
the radio frequency signal, three land base antennas which are
continuously receiving frequency from our vehicle transmitter antenna
and changing this frequency information into BCD form it forward it to
the controller ,controller will process this information through the code
loaded in it by us and display the corresponding messages on LCD .
MICROCONTROLLER AT89C51
Features
of Flash programmable and erasable read only memory (PEROM). The device is
compatible with the industry standard 80C51 and 80C52 instruction set and pin out.
The AT89C52 provides the following standard features: 8K bytes of Flash, 256 bytes
of RAM, 32 I/O lines, three 16-bit timer/counters, a six-vector two-level interrupt
architecture, a full-duplex serial port, on-chip oscillator, and clock circuitry. In
addition, the AT89C52 is designed with static logic for operation down to zero
frequency and supports two software selectable power saving modes. The Idle Mode
tops the CPU while allowing the RAM; timer/counters, serial port, and interrupt
system to continue functioning.
The Power-down mode saves the RAM contents but Freezes the
oscillator, disabling all other chip functions until the next hardware reset
.
Pin Description
VCC
Supply voltage.
GND
Ground.
Port 0
Port 0 is an 8-bit open drain bi-directional I/O port. As an output port, each pin can
sink eight TTL inputs. When 1s are written to port 0 pins, the pins can be used as
high impedance inputs.
Port 1
Port 1 is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-ups. The Port 1
output buffers can sink/source four TTL inputs. When 1s are written to Port
1 pins, they are pulled high by the internal pull-ups and can be used as
inputs. As inputs, Port 1 pins that are externally being pulled low will source
current (IIL) because of the internal pull-ups.
In addition, P1.0 and P1.1 can be configured to be the timer/counter 2 external count
input (P1.0/T2) and the timer/counter 2 trigger input (P1.1/T2EX), respectively, as shown
in the following table.
Port 2 is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-ups. The Port 2
output buffers can sink/source four TTL inputs. When 1s are written to Port
2 pins, they are pulled high by the internal pull-ups and can be used as
inputs. As inputs, Port 2 pins that are externally being pulled low will source
current (IIL) because of the internal pull-ups. Port 2 emits the high-order
address byte during fetches from external program memory and during
accesses to external data memory that use 16-bit addresses (MOVX @
DPTR). In this application, Port 2 uses strong internal pull-ups when
emitting 1s. During accesses to external data memory that use 8-bit
addresses (MOVX @ RI), Port 2 emits the contents of the P2 Special
Function Register. Port 2 also receives the high-order address bits and some
control signals during Flash programming and verification.
Port 3
Port 3 is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-ups. The Port 3
output buffers can sink/source four TTL inputs. When 1s are written to Port
3 pins, they are pulled high by the internal pull-ups and can be used as
inputs. As inputs, Port 3 pins that are externally being pulled low will source
current (IIL) because of the pull-ups. Port 3 also serves the functions of
various special features of the AT89C51, as shown in the following table.
Port 3 also receives some control signals for Flash programming.
RST
Reset input. A high on this pin for two machine cycles while the oscillator is running
resets the device.
ALE/PROG
Address Latch Enable is an output pulse for latching the low byte of the address during
accesses to external memory. This pin is also the program pulse input (PROG) during
Flash programming. In normal operation, ALE is emitted at a constant rate of 1/6 the
oscillator frequency and may be used for external timing or clocking purposes. Note,
however, that one ALE pulse is skipped during each access to external data memory. If
desired, ALE operation can be disabled by setting bit 0 of SFR location 8EH. With the bit
set, ALE is active only during a MOVX or MOVC instruction. Otherwise, the pin is
weakly pulled high. Setting the ALE-disable bit has no effect if the micro controller is in
external execution mode.
PSEN
Program Store Enable is the read strobe to external program memory. When the
AT89C52 is executing code from external program memory, PSEN is activated twice
each machine cycle, except that two PSEN activations are skipped during each access to
external data memory.
EA/VPP
XTAL1
Input to the inverting oscillator amplifier and input to the internal clock operating circuit.
XTAL2
ADVANTAGES
The advantages of our high frequency vehicle
tracking system are:
3. Some Websites :
www.alldatasheets.com
www.datasheetcatalog.com
www.electronicscircuits.com
www.scielectronics.com
www.parallax.com